refactor(db): port cron jobs to sqlc

Tranche 6 — 15 of 17 raw sites in cron.go. Adds cron_jobs and
cron_executions to schema.sql and a full query set: job CRUD, owner
joins (via project and via service), execution list/insert/finish,
due-job scan for the scheduler, run bookkeeping, and retention trim.

The filtered list query and the sparse UPDATE builder stay raw — both
are genuinely dynamic. Go models keep string IDs; cronJobFrom and
cronExecutionFrom map uuid/null types at the boundary.

TestCronLiveInvariants covers insert/read, both owner joins, the
trigger read, execution lifecycle, retention trim, and delete on live
Postgres.

Generated with [Devin](https://devin.ai)

Co-Authored-By: Devin <158243242+devin-ai-integration[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

ROADMAP2.md

@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ and wired refs, one click or one CLI call.
   workspace, CLI `environments` + MCP parity. Per-env vars/domains ride the
   service's own scope (one env per service); promote ships via preview
   promote.
-- [ ] **sqlc port** — ~140 raw `database/sql` sites → `sqlc/queries/`.
+- [ ] **sqlc port** — ~265 raw `database/sql` sites → `sqlc/queries/`. Done in tranches (dynamic queries stay raw). Tranches merged: metrics storage + service domains (#75), service clone/move ops (#76), preview environments (#77), deployments + rollback (#78). Remaining: runtime, compliance, cron, git, security, auth, sleeper, scanner, gateway, and smaller files.
 - [ ] **Tests** — canvas/wizard frontend coverage, deployment/template/
   webhook table tests, Playwright e2e golden path.
 - [x] **First-run wizard** — public `GET /setup/status` + authed

app/backend/internal/api/cron.go

@@ -65,13 +65,47 @@ type UpdateCronJobRequest struct {
 	Retention int    `json:"retention"`
 }
 
+// cronJobFrom maps the sqlc row onto the string-ID API model.
+func cronJobFrom(j sqlcdb.CronJob) CronJob {
+	return CronJob{
+		ID:         j.ID.String(),
+		ProjectID:  j.ProjectID.String(),
+		ServiceID:  j.ServiceID.String(),
+		Name:       j.Name,
+		Schedule:   j.Schedule,
+		Command:    j.Command,
+		Timezone:   j.Timezone.String,
+		Enabled:    j.Enabled.Bool,
+		LastRunAt:  timePtrNT(j.LastRunAt),
+		NextRunAt:  timePtrNT(j.NextRunAt),
+		LastStatus: j.LastStatus.String,
+		LastOutput: j.LastOutput.String,
+		Retention:  int(j.Retention.Int32),
+		CreatedAt:  j.CreatedAt.Time,
+		UpdatedAt:  j.UpdatedAt.Time,
+	}
+}
+
+// cronExecutionFrom maps the sqlc row onto the string-ID API model.
+func cronExecutionFrom(e sqlcdb.CronExecution) CronExecution {
+	return CronExecution{
+		ID:         e.ID.String(),
+		CronJobID:  e.CronJobID.String(),
+		StartedAt:  e.StartedAt,
+		FinishedAt: timePtrNT(e.FinishedAt),
+		Status:     e.Status.String,
+		Output:     e.Output.String,
+		Error:      e.Error.String,
+	}
+}
+
 // cronJobProjectID resolves the project a cron job belongs to.
 func cronJobProjectID(db *database.DB, jobID string) (uuid.UUID, bool) {
-	var projectID uuid.UUID
-	err := db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT cj.project_id FROM cron_jobs cj WHERE cj.id = $1`,
-		jobID,
-	).Scan(&projectID)
+	id, err := uuid.Parse(jobID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return uuid.Nil, false
+	}
+	projectID, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetCronJobProjectID(context.Background(), id)
 	if err != nil {
 		return uuid.Nil, false
 	}
@@ -137,15 +171,14 @@ func handleCreateCronJob(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	var ownerCheck string
-	err := db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT p.owner_id FROM projects p 
-		 JOIN services s ON s.project_id = p.id 
-		 WHERE s.id = $1`,
-		req.ServiceID,
-	).Scan(&ownerCheck)
+	svcID, err := uuid.Parse(req.ServiceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
+		return
+	}
+	ownerCheck, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetCronOwnerViaService(context.Background(), svcID)
 
-	if err != nil || (ownerCheck != userID && !contextIsAdmin(c)) {
+	if err != nil || (ownerCheck.String() != userID && !contextIsAdmin(c)) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
 		return
 	}
@@ -178,11 +211,20 @@ func handleCreateCronJob(c *gin.Context) {
 		UpdatedAt: time.Now(),
 	}
 
-	_, err = db.Exec(
-		`INSERT INTO cron_jobs (id, project_id, service_id, name, schedule, command, timezone, enabled, next_run_at, retention, created_at, updated_at)
-		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12)`,
-		job.ID, job.ProjectID, job.ServiceID, job.Name, job.Schedule, job.Command, job.Timezone, job.Enabled, job.NextRunAt, job.Retention, job.CreatedAt, job.UpdatedAt,
-	)
+	err = sqlcdb.New(db.DB).InsertCronJob(context.Background(), sqlcdb.InsertCronJobParams{
+		ID:        uuid.MustParse(job.ID),
+		ProjectID: uuid.MustParse(job.ProjectID),
+		ServiceID: uuid.MustParse(job.ServiceID),
+		Name:      job.Name,
+		Schedule:  job.Schedule,
+		Command:   job.Command,
+		Timezone:  sql.NullString{String: job.Timezone, Valid: true},
+		Enabled:   sql.NullBool{Bool: job.Enabled, Valid: true},
+		NextRunAt: ntPtr(job.NextRunAt),
+		Retention: sql.NullInt32{Int32: int32(job.Retention), Valid: true},
+		CreatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: job.CreatedAt, Valid: true},
+		UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: job.UpdatedAt, Valid: true},
+	})
 
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to create cron job"})
@@ -201,22 +243,17 @@ func handleGetCronJob(c *gin.Context) {
 	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
 	jobID := c.Param("id")
 
-	var job CronJob
-	err := db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT cj.id, cj.project_id, cj.service_id, cj.name, cj.schedule, cj.timezone,
-		        cj.enabled, cj.last_run_at, cj.next_run_at, cj.last_status, cj.last_output,
-		        cj.retention, cj.created_at, cj.updated_at
-		 FROM cron_jobs cj
-		 WHERE cj.id = $1`,
-		jobID,
-	).Scan(&job.ID, &job.ProjectID, &job.ServiceID, &job.Name, &job.Schedule, &job.Timezone,
-		&job.Enabled, &job.LastRunAt, &job.NextRunAt, &job.LastStatus, &job.LastOutput,
-		&job.Retention, &job.CreatedAt, &job.UpdatedAt)
-
+	jid, err := uuid.Parse(jobID)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Cron job not found"})
 		return
 	}
+	row, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetCronJob(context.Background(), jid)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Cron job not found"})
+		return
+	}
+	job := cronJobFrom(row)
 
 	projectID, found := cronJobProjectID(db, jobID)
 	if !found {
@@ -242,15 +279,14 @@ func handleUpdateCronJob(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	var ownerCheck string
-	err := db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT p.owner_id FROM cron_jobs cj
-		 JOIN projects p ON cj.project_id = p.id
-		 WHERE cj.id = $1`,
-		jobID,
-	).Scan(&ownerCheck)
+	jid, err := uuid.Parse(jobID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
+		return
+	}
+	ownerCheck, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetCronJobOwner(context.Background(), jid)
 
-	if err != nil || (ownerCheck != userID && !contextIsAdmin(c)) {
+	if err != nil || (ownerCheck.String() != userID && !contextIsAdmin(c)) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
 		return
 	}
@@ -312,21 +348,19 @@ func handleDeleteCronJob(c *gin.Context) {
 	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
 	jobID := c.Param("id")
 
-	var ownerCheck string
-	err := db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT p.owner_id FROM cron_jobs cj
-		 JOIN projects p ON cj.project_id = p.id
-		 WHERE cj.id = $1`,
-		jobID,
-	).Scan(&ownerCheck)
+	jid, err := uuid.Parse(jobID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
+		return
+	}
+	ownerCheck, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetCronJobOwner(context.Background(), jid)
 
-	if err != nil || (ownerCheck != userID && !contextIsAdmin(c)) {
+	if err != nil || (ownerCheck.String() != userID && !contextIsAdmin(c)) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
 		return
 	}
 
-	_, err = db.Exec("DELETE FROM cron_jobs WHERE id = $1", jobID)
-	if err != nil {
+	if err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).DeleteCronJob(context.Background(), jid); err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to delete cron job"})
 		return
 	}
@@ -350,29 +384,20 @@ func handleGetCronExecutions(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	rows, err := db.Query(
-		`SELECT id, cron_job_id, started_at, finished_at, status, output, error
-		 FROM cron_executions 
-		 WHERE cron_job_id = $1 
-		 ORDER BY started_at DESC 
-		 LIMIT 100`,
-		jobID,
-	)
-
+	jid, err := uuid.Parse(jobID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to fetch executions"})
+		return
+	}
+	rows, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).ListCronExecutions(context.Background(), jid)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to fetch executions"})
 		return
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
 
 	var executions []CronExecution
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var exec CronExecution
-		err := rows.Scan(&exec.ID, &exec.CronJobID, &exec.StartedAt, &exec.FinishedAt, &exec.Status, &exec.Output, &exec.Error)
-		if err != nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		executions = append(executions, exec)
+	for _, e := range rows {
+		executions = append(executions, cronExecutionFrom(e))
 	}
 
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"executions": executions})
@@ -383,29 +408,33 @@ func handleTriggerCronJob(c *gin.Context) {
 	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
 	jobID := c.Param("id")
 
-	var job CronJob
-	var ownerCheck string
-	err := db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT cj.service_id, cj.command, cj.schedule, cj.timezone, cj.retention, p.owner_id
-		 FROM cron_jobs cj
-		 JOIN projects p ON cj.project_id = p.id
-		 WHERE cj.id = $1`,
-		jobID,
-	).Scan(&job.ServiceID, &job.Command, &job.Schedule, &job.Timezone, &job.Retention, &ownerCheck)
-
-	if err != nil || (ownerCheck != userID && !contextIsAdmin(c)) {
+	jid, err := uuid.Parse(jobID)
+	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
 		return
 	}
+	trig, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetCronJobForTrigger(context.Background(), jid)
+	if err != nil || (trig.OwnerID.String() != userID && !contextIsAdmin(c)) {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
+		return
+	}
+	job := CronJob{
+		ServiceID: trig.ServiceID.String(),
+		Command:   trig.Command,
+		Schedule:  trig.Schedule,
+		Timezone:  trig.Timezone.String,
+		Retention: int(trig.Retention.Int32),
+	}
 
 	execID := uuid.New().String()
 	now := time.Now()
 
-	_, err = db.Exec(
-		`INSERT INTO cron_executions (id, cron_job_id, started_at, status)
-		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4)`,
-		execID, jobID, now, "running",
-	)
+	_ = sqlcdb.New(db.DB).InsertCronExecution(context.Background(), sqlcdb.InsertCronExecutionParams{
+		ID:        uuid.MustParse(execID),
+		CronJobID: jid,
+		StartedAt: now,
+		Status:    sql.NullString{String: "running", Valid: true},
+	})
 
 	dockerClient, _ := c.Get("docker_client")
 	dockerCli, _ := dockerClient.(*docker.Client)
@@ -458,39 +487,25 @@ func StartCronScheduler(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, dockerClient *dock
 }
 
 func runDueCronJobs(db *database.DB, dockerClient *docker.Client) {
-	rows, err := db.Query(
-		`SELECT id, project_id, service_id, name, schedule, command, timezone, enabled, retention
-		 FROM cron_jobs
-		 WHERE enabled = TRUE AND next_run_at IS NOT NULL AND next_run_at <= NOW()`)
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	jobs, err := q.ListDueCronJobs(context.Background())
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Printf("cron scheduler: failed to list due jobs: %v", err)
 		return
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
-
-	type dueJob struct {
-		CronJob
-		Command string
-	}
-	var jobs []dueJob
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var j dueJob
-		if err := rows.Scan(&j.ID, &j.ProjectID, &j.ServiceID, &j.Name, &j.Schedule,
-			&j.Command, &j.Timezone, &j.Enabled, &j.Retention); err != nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		jobs = append(jobs, j)
-	}
 
 	for _, j := range jobs {
 		execID := uuid.New().String()
-		if _, err := db.Exec(
-			`INSERT INTO cron_executions (id, cron_job_id, started_at, status) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4)`,
-			execID, j.ID, time.Now(), "running"); err != nil {
+		if err := q.InsertCronExecution(context.Background(), sqlcdb.InsertCronExecutionParams{
+			ID:        uuid.MustParse(execID),
+			CronJobID: j.ID,
+			StartedAt: time.Now(),
+			Status:    sql.NullString{String: "running", Valid: true},
+		}); err != nil {
 			log.Printf("cron scheduler: failed to record execution for %s: %v", j.ID, err)
 			continue
 		}
-		go executeCronJob(db, dockerClient, j.ID, j.ServiceID, execID, j.Command, j.Schedule, j.Timezone, j.Retention)
+		go executeCronJob(db, dockerClient, j.ID.String(), j.ServiceID.String(), execID, j.Command, j.Schedule, j.Timezone.String, int(j.Retention.Int32))
 	}
 }
 
@@ -584,23 +599,32 @@ func executeCronJob(db *database.DB, dockerClient *docker.Client, jobID, service
 	}
 
 	now := time.Now()
-	db.Exec(
-		`UPDATE cron_executions SET finished_at = $1, status = $2, output = $3, error = $4 WHERE id = $5`,
-		now, status, output, errText, execID,
-	)
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	if eid, err := uuid.Parse(execID); err == nil {
+		_ = q.FinishCronExecution(context.Background(), sqlcdb.FinishCronExecutionParams{
+			FinishedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
+			Status:     sql.NullString{String: status, Valid: true},
+			Output:     sql.NullString{String: output, Valid: true},
+			Error:      sql.NullString{String: errText, Valid: true},
+			ID:         eid,
+		})
+	}
 
 	next, _ := calculateNextRun(schedule, timezone)
-	db.Exec(
-		`UPDATE cron_jobs SET last_run_at = $1, last_status = $2, last_output = $3, next_run_at = $4 WHERE id = $5`,
-		now, status, output, next, jobID,
-	)
+	if jid, err := uuid.Parse(jobID); err == nil {
+		_ = q.UpdateCronJobRun(context.Background(), sqlcdb.UpdateCronJobRunParams{
+			LastRunAt:  sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
+			LastStatus: sql.NullString{String: status, Valid: true},
+			LastOutput: sql.NullString{String: output, Valid: true},
+			NextRunAt:  ntPtr(next),
+			ID:         jid,
+		})
 
-	if retention > 0 {
-		db.Exec(
-			`DELETE FROM cron_executions WHERE cron_job_id = $1 AND id NOT IN (
-				SELECT id FROM cron_executions WHERE cron_job_id = $1
-				ORDER BY started_at DESC LIMIT $2)`,
-			jobID, retention,
-		)
+		if retention > 0 {
+			_ = q.TrimCronExecutions(context.Background(), sqlcdb.TrimCronExecutionsParams{
+				CronJobID: jid,
+				Limit:     int32(retention),
+			})
+		}
 	}
 }

app/backend/internal/api/cron_test.go

@@ -1,9 +1,16 @@
 package api
 
 import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
 )
 
 func TestCalculateNextRun(t *testing.T) {
@@ -64,3 +71,123 @@ func TestCalculateNextRunTimezone(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Logf("utc next: %v / tokyo next: %v", utcNext, tokyoNext)
 	}
 }
+
+// TestCronLiveInvariants exercises the cron.sql queries on live Postgres:
+// insert/read/owner join, execution lifecycle, run bookkeeping, retention trim.
+func TestCronLiveInvariants(t *testing.T) {
+	dsn := testDSNString(t)
+	db, err := database.NewConnection(dsn)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("connect: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+
+	userID := uuid.New()
+	projectID := uuid.New()
+	envID := uuid.New()
+	serviceID := uuid.New()
+	jobID := uuid.New()
+	suffix := strings.ReplaceAll(jobID.String()[:8], "-", "")
+	must := func(err error) {
+		t.Helper()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("setup: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO users (id, email, password_hash, name) VALUES ($1, $2, 'x', 'test')`,
+		userID, "cron-"+suffix+"@test.local")
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO projects (id, name, owner_id, is_approved) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, true)`,
+		projectID, "cron-"+suffix, userID)
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO environments (id, name, project_id) VALUES ($1, 'production', $2)`,
+		envID, projectID)
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO services (id, name, project_id, environment_id, service_type, source_type)
+		VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, 'web', 'image')`,
+		serviceID, "cron-"+suffix, projectID, envID)
+	must(err)
+	defer func() { _, _ = db.Exec(`DELETE FROM users WHERE id = $1`, userID) }()
+
+	next, err := calculateNextRun("0 4 * * *", "UTC")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("schedule: %v", err)
+	}
+	must(q.InsertCronJob(ctx, sqlcdb.InsertCronJobParams{
+		ID: jobID, ProjectID: projectID, ServiceID: serviceID,
+		Name: "job-" + suffix, Schedule: "0 4 * * *", Command: "echo hi",
+		Timezone:  sql.NullString{String: "UTC", Valid: true},
+		Enabled:   sql.NullBool{Bool: true, Valid: true},
+		NextRunAt: ntPtr(next),
+	}))
+	job, err := q.GetCronJob(ctx, jobID)
+	if err != nil || job.Name != "job-"+suffix || job.Command != "echo hi" {
+		t.Fatalf("job: %v %+v", err, job)
+	}
+	owner, err := q.GetCronJobOwner(ctx, jobID)
+	if err != nil || owner != userID {
+		t.Fatalf("owner: %v %v", err, owner)
+	}
+	owner2, err := q.GetCronOwnerViaService(ctx, serviceID)
+	if err != nil || owner2 != userID {
+		t.Fatalf("owner via service: %v %v", err, owner2)
+	}
+	pid, err := q.GetCronJobProjectID(ctx, jobID)
+	if err != nil || pid != projectID {
+		t.Fatalf("project: %v %v", err, pid)
+	}
+
+	// Trigger-shaped read.
+	trig, err := q.GetCronJobForTrigger(ctx, jobID)
+	if err != nil || trig.ServiceID != serviceID || trig.OwnerID != userID {
+		t.Fatalf("trigger: %v %+v", err, trig)
+	}
+
+	// Execution lifecycle + retention trim.
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+		execID := uuid.New()
+		must(q.InsertCronExecution(ctx, sqlcdb.InsertCronExecutionParams{
+			ID: execID, CronJobID: jobID,
+			StartedAt: time.Now().Add(time.Duration(i) * time.Second),
+			Status:    sql.NullString{String: "running", Valid: true},
+		}))
+		must(q.FinishCronExecution(ctx, sqlcdb.FinishCronExecutionParams{
+			FinishedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+			Status:     sql.NullString{String: "success", Valid: true},
+			Output:     sql.NullString{String: "ok", Valid: true},
+			Error:      sql.NullString{String: "", Valid: true},
+			ID:         execID,
+		}))
+	}
+	execs, err := q.ListCronExecutions(ctx, jobID)
+	if err != nil || len(execs) != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("execs: %v %d", err, len(execs))
+	}
+	if execs[0].Status.String != "success" || !execs[0].FinishedAt.Valid {
+		t.Fatalf("exec row: %+v", execs[0])
+	}
+	must(q.TrimCronExecutions(ctx, sqlcdb.TrimCronExecutionsParams{CronJobID: jobID, Limit: 1}))
+	execs, _ = q.ListCronExecutions(ctx, jobID)
+	if len(execs) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("trim kept %d, want 1", len(execs))
+	}
+
+	must(q.UpdateCronJobRun(ctx, sqlcdb.UpdateCronJobRunParams{
+		LastRunAt:  sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+		LastStatus: sql.NullString{String: "success", Valid: true},
+		LastOutput: sql.NullString{String: "ok", Valid: true},
+		NextRunAt:  ntPtr(next),
+		ID:         jobID,
+	}))
+	job, _ = q.GetCronJob(ctx, jobID)
+	if job.LastStatus.String != "success" || !job.LastRunAt.Valid {
+		t.Fatalf("post-run job: %+v", job)
+	}
+
+	must(q.DeleteCronJob(ctx, jobID))
+	if _, err := q.GetCronJob(ctx, jobID); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("deleted job still readable")
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/deployments.go

@@ -2,12 +2,14 @@ package api
 
 import (
 	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
 	"containr/internal/deployment"
 	"containr/internal/deployqueue"
 	"containr/internal/docker"
 	"containr/internal/source"
 	"containr/internal/types"
 	"context"
+	"database/sql"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"log/slog"
@@ -37,6 +39,72 @@ type DeploymentModel struct {
 	UpdatedAt   time.Time  `json:"updated_at" db:"updated_at"`
 }
 
+// deploymentRowShape carries the deployment columns shared by the
+// generated list/detail/rollback row types.
+type deploymentRowShape struct {
+	ID          uuid.UUID
+	ServiceID   uuid.UUID
+	CommitHash  sql.NullString
+	Status      sql.NullString
+	ImageName   sql.NullString
+	ImageTag    sql.NullString
+	BuildLog    sql.NullString
+	RuntimeLog  sql.NullString
+	Error       sql.NullString
+	StartedAt   sql.NullTime
+	CompletedAt sql.NullTime
+	CreatedAt   sql.NullTime
+	UpdatedAt   sql.NullTime
+}
+
+func strPtrNS(v sql.NullString) *string {
+	if !v.Valid {
+		return nil
+	}
+	s := v.String
+	return &s
+}
+
+func ptrStr(s *string) string {
+	if s == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return *s
+}
+
+func timePtrNT(v sql.NullTime) *time.Time {
+	if !v.Valid {
+		return nil
+	}
+	t := v.Time
+	return &t
+}
+
+func ntPtr(t *time.Time) sql.NullTime {
+	if t == nil {
+		return sql.NullTime{}
+	}
+	return sql.NullTime{Time: *t, Valid: true}
+}
+
+func deploymentModelFrom(r deploymentRowShape) DeploymentModel {
+	return DeploymentModel{
+		ID:          r.ID,
+		ServiceID:   r.ServiceID,
+		CommitHash:  strPtrNS(r.CommitHash),
+		Status:      r.Status.String,
+		ImageName:   r.ImageName.String,
+		ImageTag:    r.ImageTag.String,
+		BuildLog:    r.BuildLog.String,
+		RuntimeLog:  r.RuntimeLog.String,
+		Error:       strPtrNS(r.Error),
+		StartedAt:   timePtrNT(r.StartedAt),
+		CompletedAt: timePtrNT(r.CompletedAt),
+		CreatedAt:   r.CreatedAt.Time,
+		UpdatedAt:   r.UpdatedAt.Time,
+	}
+}
+
 type CreateDeploymentRequest struct {
 	CommitHash string            `json:"commit_hash"`
 	Branch     string            `json:"branch"`
@@ -84,44 +152,29 @@ func handleGetDeployments(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	offset, limit := pageWindow(c, 50, 100)
 
-	var total int
-	_ = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM deployments WHERE service_id = $1`, serviceID,
-	).Scan(&total)
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB)
+	total, _ := q.CountDeploymentsForService(c.Request.Context(), serviceID)
 
-	rows, err := db.(*database.DB).Query(
-		`SELECT id, service_id, commit_hash, status, image_name, image_tag,
-		        build_log, runtime_log, error, started_at, completed_at, created_at, updated_at
-		 FROM deployments
-		 WHERE service_id = $1
-		 ORDER BY created_at DESC
-		 LIMIT $2 OFFSET $3`,
-		serviceID, limit, offset,
-	)
+	rows, err := q.ListDeploymentsForService(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.ListDeploymentsForServiceParams{
+		ServiceID: serviceID, Limit: int32(limit), Offset: int32(offset)})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to retrieve deployments"})
 		return
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
 
-	var deployments []DeploymentModel
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var d DeploymentModel
-		err := rows.Scan(
-			&d.ID, &d.ServiceID, &d.CommitHash, &d.Status, &d.ImageName, &d.ImageTag,
-			&d.BuildLog, &d.RuntimeLog, &d.Error, &d.StartedAt, &d.CompletedAt,
-			&d.CreatedAt, &d.UpdatedAt,
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to scan deployment"})
-			return
-		}
-		deployments = append(deployments, d)
+	deployments := make([]DeploymentModel, 0, len(rows))
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		deployments = append(deployments, deploymentModelFrom(deploymentRowShape{
+			ID: r.ID, ServiceID: r.ServiceID, CommitHash: r.CommitHash, Status: r.Status,
+			ImageName: r.ImageName, ImageTag: r.ImageTag, BuildLog: r.BuildLog,
+			RuntimeLog: r.RuntimeLog, Error: r.Error, StartedAt: r.StartedAt,
+			CompletedAt: r.CompletedAt, CreatedAt: r.CreatedAt, UpdatedAt: r.UpdatedAt,
+		}))
 	}
 
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
 		"deployments": deployments,
-		"pagination":  paginationMeta(offset, limit, total),
+		"pagination":  paginationMeta(offset, limit, int(total)),
 	})
 }
 
@@ -152,51 +205,33 @@ func handleGetRecentDeployments(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	offset, limit := pageWindow(c, 10, 50)
 
-	var total int
-	if err := db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT COUNT(*)
-		 FROM deployments d
-		 JOIN services s ON s.id = d.service_id
-		 JOIN projects p ON p.id = s.project_id
-		 WHERE p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1 OR $2::bool
-		    OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1)`,
-		userID, isAdmin,
-	).Scan(&total); err != nil {
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB)
+	total, err := q.CountAccessibleDeployments(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.CountAccessibleDeploymentsParams{
+		OwnerID: userID, Column2: isAdmin})
+	if err != nil {
 		total = 0
 	}
 
-	rows, err := db.(*database.DB).Query(
-		`SELECT d.id, d.service_id, s.name, p.name, d.status,
-		        COALESCE(d.image_name, ''), d.started_at, d.completed_at, d.created_at
-		 FROM deployments d
-		 JOIN services s ON s.id = d.service_id
-		 JOIN projects p ON p.id = s.project_id
-		 WHERE p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1 OR $2::bool
-		    OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1)
-		 ORDER BY d.created_at DESC
-		 LIMIT $3 OFFSET $4`,
-		userID, isAdmin, limit, offset,
-	)
+	rows, err := q.ListRecentAccessibleDeployments(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.ListRecentAccessibleDeploymentsParams{
+		OwnerID: userID, Column2: isAdmin, Limit: int32(limit), Offset: int32(offset)})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to retrieve deployments"})
 		return
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
 
-	deployments := []RecentDeployment{}
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var d RecentDeployment
-		if err := rows.Scan(&d.ID, &d.ServiceID, &d.ServiceName, &d.ProjectName,
-			&d.Status, &d.ImageName, &d.StartedAt, &d.CompletedAt, &d.CreatedAt); err != nil {
-			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to scan deployment"})
-			return
-		}
-		deployments = append(deployments, d)
+	deployments := make([]RecentDeployment, 0, len(rows))
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		deployments = append(deployments, RecentDeployment{
+			ID: r.ID, ServiceID: r.ServiceID, ServiceName: r.ServiceName,
+			ProjectName: r.ProjectName, Status: r.Status.String, ImageName: r.ImageName,
+			StartedAt: timePtrNT(r.StartedAt), CompletedAt: timePtrNT(r.CompletedAt),
+			CreatedAt: r.CreatedAt.Time,
+		})
 	}
 
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
 		"deployments": deployments,
-		"pagination":  paginationMeta(offset, limit, total),
+		"pagination":  paginationMeta(offset, limit, int(total)),
 	})
 }
 
@@ -230,38 +265,27 @@ func handleCreateDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	var service Service
-	var projectOwner string
-	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name, s.type, s.status, s.image, s.command,
-		        s.environment, s.git_repo, s.git_branch, s.build_path, s.cpu, s.memory,
-		        COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
-		        COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
-		        COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
-		        s.created_at, s.updated_at, p.owner_id
-		 FROM services s
-		 JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
-		 WHERE s.id = $1`,
-		serviceID,
-	).Scan(
-		&service.ID, &service.ProjectID, &service.Name, &service.Type, &service.Status,
-		&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
-		&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
-		&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
-		&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
-		&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt, &projectOwner,
-	)
-
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB)
+	sr, err := q.GetServiceForDeployWithOwner(ctx, serviceID)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Service not found"})
 		return
 	}
+	service := serviceForDeployFromRow(sqlcdb.GetServiceForDeployRow{
+		ID: sr.ID, ProjectID: sr.ProjectID, Name: sr.Name, Type: sr.Type,
+		Status: sr.Status, Image: sr.Image, Command: sr.Command,
+		Environment: sr.Environment, GitRepo: sr.GitRepo, GitBranch: sr.GitBranch,
+		BuildPath: sr.BuildPath, Cpu: sr.Cpu, Memory: sr.Memory,
+		Replicas: sr.Replicas, Port: sr.Port, Domain: sr.Domain,
+		HealthcheckPath: sr.HealthcheckPath, RestartPolicy: sr.RestartPolicy,
+		Builder: sr.Builder, CpuReserve: sr.CpuReserve, MemoryReserve: sr.MemoryReserve,
+		StaticBuildCmd: sr.StaticBuildCmd, StaticDir: sr.StaticDir,
+		CreatedAt: sr.CreatedAt, UpdatedAt: sr.UpdatedAt,
+	})
+	projectOwner := sr.OwnerID
 
-	if projectOwner != userID.(string) {
+	if projectOwner.String() != userID.(string) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
 		return
 	}
@@ -287,12 +311,17 @@ func handleCreateDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 		UpdatedAt:  now,
 	}
 
-	_, err = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`INSERT INTO deployments
-		 (id, service_id, version, commit_hash, status, image_name, image_tag, created_at, updated_at)
-		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9)`,
-		d.ID, d.ServiceID, fmt.Sprintf("v%d", now.Unix()), d.CommitHash, d.Status, d.ImageName, d.ImageTag, d.CreatedAt, d.UpdatedAt,
-	)
+	err = q.InsertDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.InsertDeploymentParams{
+		ID:         d.ID,
+		ServiceID:  d.ServiceID,
+		Version:    fmt.Sprintf("v%d", now.Unix()),
+		CommitHash: sql.NullString{String: ptrStr(d.CommitHash), Valid: d.CommitHash != nil},
+		Status:     sql.NullString{String: d.Status, Valid: true},
+		ImageName:  sql.NullString{String: d.ImageName, Valid: true},
+		ImageTag:   sql.NullString{String: d.ImageTag, Valid: true},
+		CreatedAt:  sql.NullTime{Time: d.CreatedAt, Valid: true},
+		UpdatedAt:  sql.NullTime{Time: d.UpdatedAt, Valid: true},
+	})
 
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to create deployment"})
@@ -303,20 +332,20 @@ func handleCreateDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 	if !exists || engine == nil {
 		unavailableErr := "Deployment engine unavailable. Docker may not be configured on this server."
 		completedAt := time.Now()
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-			`UPDATE deployments
-			 SET status = 'failed', error = $1, completed_at = $2, updated_at = $2
-			 WHERE id = $3`,
-			unavailableErr, completedAt, d.ID,
-		)
+		_ = q.FailDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.FailDeploymentParams{
+			Error:       sql.NullString{String: unavailableErr, Valid: true},
+			CompletedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: completedAt, Valid: true},
+			ID:          d.ID,
+		})
 		d.Status = "failed"
 		d.Error = &unavailableErr
 		d.CompletedAt = &completedAt
 	} else {
-		_, err = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-			`UPDATE services SET status = 'building', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
-			time.Now(), serviceID,
-		)
+		err = q.SetServiceStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServiceStatusParams{
+			Status:    sql.NullString{String: "building", Valid: true},
+			UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+			ID:        serviceID,
+		})
 		if err != nil {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to update service status"})
 			return
@@ -331,14 +360,17 @@ func handleCreateDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 		})
 		if pos > 0 {
 			d.Status = "queued"
-			_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-				`UPDATE deployments SET status = 'queued', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
-				time.Now(), d.ID,
-			)
-			_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-				`UPDATE services SET status = 'queued', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
-				time.Now(), serviceID,
-			)
+			now := time.Now()
+			_ = q.SetDeploymentStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.SetDeploymentStatusParams{
+				Status:    sql.NullString{String: "queued", Valid: true},
+				UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
+				ID:        d.ID,
+			})
+			_ = q.SetServiceStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServiceStatusParams{
+				Status:    sql.NullString{String: "queued", Valid: true},
+				UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
+				ID:        serviceID,
+			})
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -380,6 +412,7 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 ) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(parentCtx, 30*time.Minute)
 	defer cancel()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
 
 	// The checkout and any shipped artifacts die with this deployment.
 	var artifactIDs []string
@@ -392,10 +425,11 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 	}()
 	failDeploy := func(msg string) {
 		failedAt := time.Now()
-		_, _ = db.Exec(
-			`UPDATE deployments SET status = 'failed', error = $1, completed_at = $2, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`,
-			msg, failedAt, dbDeployment.ID,
-		)
+		_ = q.FailDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.FailDeploymentParams{
+			Error:       sql.NullString{String: msg, Valid: true},
+			CompletedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: failedAt, Valid: true},
+			ID:          dbDeployment.ID,
+		})
 	}
 
 	sourcePath := strings.TrimSpace(service.BuildPath)
@@ -423,11 +457,10 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 		replicas = 1
 	}
 
-	var publishedPort int32
 	// Best effort: reuse the host port from the last live deployment so public
 	// URLs survive redeploys. Column exists post-migration; older DBs get
 	// ephemeral ports.
-	_ = db.QueryRow(`SELECT published_port FROM services WHERE id = $1`, service.ID).Scan(&publishedPort)
+	publishedPort, _ := q.GetServicePublishedPort(ctx, service.ID)
 
 	publicPort := int32(service.Port)
 	if service.Builder == "static" && publicPort == 0 {
@@ -451,7 +484,9 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 	// remote builds package it into a context artifact the node builds.
 	if service.GitRepo != "" && imageOverride == "" {
 		var ownerID string
-		_ = db.QueryRow(`SELECT owner_id FROM projects WHERE id = $1`, service.ProjectID).Scan(&ownerID)
+		if o, err := q.GetProjectOwner(ctx, service.ProjectID); err == nil {
+			ownerID = o.String()
+		}
 		branch := req.Branch
 		if branch == "" {
 			branch = service.GitBranch
@@ -535,7 +570,9 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 			}
 		} else {
 			var ownerID string
-			_ = db.QueryRow(`SELECT owner_id FROM projects WHERE id = $1`, service.ProjectID).Scan(&ownerID)
+			if o, err := q.GetProjectOwner(ctx, service.ProjectID); err == nil {
+				ownerID = o.String()
+			}
 			auth := registryAuthFor(db, ownerID, image)
 			deployReq.BuildConfig = &deployment.BuildConfig{
 				BuildType:     "prebuilt",
@@ -605,10 +642,11 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 
 	if msg := capacityCheck(parentCtx, db, engine.DockerClient(), service, replicas); msg != "" {
 		failedAt := time.Now()
-		_, _ = db.Exec(
-			`UPDATE deployments SET status = 'failed', error = $1, completed_at = $2, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`,
-			msg, failedAt, dbDeployment.ID,
-		)
+		_ = q.FailDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.FailDeploymentParams{
+			Error:       sql.NullString{String: msg, Valid: true},
+			CompletedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: failedAt, Valid: true},
+			ID:          dbDeployment.ID,
+		})
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -616,16 +654,16 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 	if err != nil {
 		failedAt := time.Now()
 		failure := "Failed to start deployment engine: " + err.Error()
-		_, _ = db.Exec(
-			`UPDATE deployments
-			 SET status = 'failed', error = $1, completed_at = $2, updated_at = $2
-			 WHERE id = $3`,
-			failure, failedAt, dbDeployment.ID,
-		)
-		_, _ = db.Exec(
-			`UPDATE services SET status = 'failed', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
-			failedAt, service.ID,
-		)
+		_ = q.FailDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.FailDeploymentParams{
+			Error:       sql.NullString{String: failure, Valid: true},
+			CompletedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: failedAt, Valid: true},
+			ID:          dbDeployment.ID,
+		})
+		_ = q.SetServiceStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServiceStatusParams{
+			Status:    sql.NullString{String: "failed", Valid: true},
+			UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: failedAt, Valid: true},
+			ID:        service.ID,
+		})
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -640,16 +678,17 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 			if errors.Is(ctx.Err(), context.Canceled) {
 				finalStatus, finalErr = "cancelled", "Deployment cancelled"
 			}
-			_, _ = db.Exec(
-				`UPDATE deployments
-				 SET status = $1, error = $2, completed_at = $3, updated_at = $3
-				 WHERE id = $4`,
-				finalStatus, finalErr, failedAt, dbDeployment.ID,
-			)
-			_, _ = db.Exec(
-				`UPDATE services SET status = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`,
-				finalStatus, failedAt, service.ID,
-			)
+			_ = q.CompleteDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.CompleteDeploymentParams{
+				Status:      sql.NullString{String: finalStatus, Valid: true},
+				Error:       sql.NullString{String: finalErr, Valid: true},
+				CompletedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: failedAt, Valid: true},
+				ID:          dbDeployment.ID,
+			})
+			_ = q.SetServiceStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServiceStatusParams{
+				Status:    sql.NullString{String: finalStatus, Valid: true},
+				UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: failedAt, Valid: true},
+				ID:        service.ID,
+			})
 			return
 		case <-syncTicker.C:
 			current, getErr := engine.GetDeployment(engineDeployment.ID)
@@ -660,49 +699,36 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 			dbStatus := mapEngineStatusToDBStatus(current.Status)
 			imageName, imageTag := splitImageReference(current.ImageName, dbDeployment.ImageTag)
 
-			var dbError interface{}
-			if current.Error != "" {
-				dbError = current.Error
-			}
-
-			_, _ = db.Exec(
-				`UPDATE deployments
-				 SET status = $1,
-				     image_name = $2,
-				     image_tag = $3,
-				     build_log = $4,
-				     runtime_log = $5,
-				     error = $6,
-				     started_at = $7,
-				     completed_at = $8,
-				     updated_at = $9
-				 WHERE id = $10`,
-				dbStatus,
-				imageName,
-				imageTag,
-				current.BuildLog,
-				current.DeployLog,
-				dbError,
-				current.StartedAt,
-				current.CompletedAt,
-				time.Now(),
-				dbDeployment.ID,
-			)
+			now := time.Now()
+			_ = q.SyncDeploymentProgress(ctx, sqlcdb.SyncDeploymentProgressParams{
+				Status:      sql.NullString{String: dbStatus, Valid: true},
+				ImageName:   sql.NullString{String: imageName, Valid: true},
+				ImageTag:    sql.NullString{String: imageTag, Valid: true},
+				BuildLog:    sql.NullString{String: current.BuildLog, Valid: true},
+				RuntimeLog:  sql.NullString{String: current.DeployLog, Valid: true},
+				Error:       sql.NullString{String: current.Error, Valid: current.Error != ""},
+				StartedAt:   ntPtr(current.StartedAt),
+				CompletedAt: ntPtr(current.CompletedAt),
+				UpdatedAt:   sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
+				ID:          dbDeployment.ID,
+			})
 
 			switch dbStatus {
 			case "deployed":
-				_, _ = db.Exec(
-					`UPDATE services SET status = 'running', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
-					time.Now(), service.ID,
-				)
+				_ = q.SetServiceStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServiceStatusParams{
+					Status:    sql.NullString{String: "running", Valid: true},
+					UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
+					ID:        service.ID,
+				})
 				insertUserNotification(db, userID, "deployment", "Deployment succeeded",
 					fmt.Sprintf("Service %s is now running.", service.Name), "service", service.ID.String())
 				return
 			case "failed":
-				_, _ = db.Exec(
-					`UPDATE services SET status = 'failed', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
-					time.Now(), service.ID,
-				)
+				_ = q.SetServiceStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServiceStatusParams{
+					Status:    sql.NullString{String: "failed", Valid: true},
+					UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
+					ID:        service.ID,
+				})
 				body := fmt.Sprintf("Service %s failed to deploy.", service.Name)
 				if current.Error != "" {
 					body = fmt.Sprintf("Service %s failed to deploy: %s", service.Name, current.Error)
@@ -754,21 +780,16 @@ func handleCancelDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	var status, owner string
-	var serviceID uuid.UUID
-	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT d.status, d.service_id, p.owner_id
-		 FROM deployments d
-		 JOIN services s ON d.service_id = s.id
-		 JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
-		 WHERE d.id = $1`,
-		deploymentID,
-	).Scan(&status, &serviceID, &owner)
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB)
+	access, err := q.GetDeploymentAccess(ctx, deploymentID)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Deployment not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
 		return
 	}
-	if owner != userID.(string) && !contextIsAdmin(c) {
+	serviceID := access.ServiceID
+	status := access.Status.String
+	if access.OwnerID.String() != userID.(string) && !contextIsAdmin(c) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied", "code": "FORBIDDEN"})
 		return
 	}
@@ -782,14 +803,17 @@ func handleCancelDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 	switch getDeployQueue(c).Cancel(serviceID, deploymentID) {
 	case deployqueue.WasQueued:
 		now := time.Now()
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-			`UPDATE deployments SET status = 'cancelled', error = 'Deployment cancelled', completed_at = $1, updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
-			now, deploymentID,
-		)
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-			`UPDATE services SET status = 'cancelled', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
-			now, serviceID,
-		)
+		_ = q.CompleteDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.CompleteDeploymentParams{
+			Status:      sql.NullString{String: "cancelled", Valid: true},
+			Error:       sql.NullString{String: "Deployment cancelled", Valid: true},
+			CompletedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
+			ID:          deploymentID,
+		})
+		_ = q.SetServiceStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServiceStatusParams{
+			Status:    sql.NullString{String: "cancelled", Valid: true},
+			UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
+			ID:        serviceID,
+		})
 		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "cancelled"})
 	case deployqueue.WasActive:
 		c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{"status": "cancelling"})
@@ -832,27 +856,18 @@ func handleGetDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	var d DeploymentModel
-	var projectID uuid.UUID
-	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT d.id, d.service_id, d.commit_hash, d.status, d.image_name, d.image_tag,
-		        d.build_log, d.runtime_log, d.error, d.started_at, d.completed_at,
-		        d.created_at, d.updated_at, p.id
-		 FROM deployments d
-		 JOIN services s ON d.service_id = s.id
-		 JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
-		 WHERE d.id = $1`,
-		deploymentID,
-	).Scan(
-		&d.ID, &d.ServiceID, &d.CommitHash, &d.Status, &d.ImageName, &d.ImageTag,
-		&d.BuildLog, &d.RuntimeLog, &d.Error, &d.StartedAt, &d.CompletedAt,
-		&d.CreatedAt, &d.UpdatedAt, &projectID,
-	)
-
+	r, err := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB).GetDeploymentWithProject(c.Request.Context(), deploymentID)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Deployment not found"})
 		return
 	}
+	projectID := r.ProjectID
+	d := deploymentModelFrom(deploymentRowShape{
+		ID: r.ID, ServiceID: r.ServiceID, CommitHash: r.CommitHash, Status: r.Status,
+		ImageName: r.ImageName, ImageTag: r.ImageTag, BuildLog: r.BuildLog,
+		RuntimeLog: r.RuntimeLog, Error: r.Error, StartedAt: r.StartedAt,
+		CompletedAt: r.CompletedAt, CreatedAt: r.CreatedAt, UpdatedAt: r.UpdatedAt,
+	})
 
 	if _, allowed := projectReadAccess(c, db.(*database.DB), projectID); !allowed {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Deployment not found"})
@@ -882,33 +897,23 @@ func handleRollbackDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	var targetDeployment DeploymentModel
-	var serviceID uuid.UUID
-	var ownerCheck string
-
-	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT d.id, d.service_id, d.commit_hash, d.status, d.image_name, d.image_tag, 
-		        d.build_log, d.runtime_log, d.error, d.started_at, d.completed_at, 
-		        d.created_at, d.updated_at, p.owner_id
-		 FROM deployments d
-		 JOIN services s ON d.service_id = s.id
-		 JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
-		 WHERE d.id = $1`,
-		deploymentID,
-	).Scan(
-		&targetDeployment.ID, &serviceID, &targetDeployment.CommitHash, &targetDeployment.Status,
-		&targetDeployment.ImageName, &targetDeployment.ImageTag, &targetDeployment.BuildLog,
-		&targetDeployment.RuntimeLog, &targetDeployment.Error, &targetDeployment.StartedAt,
-		&targetDeployment.CompletedAt, &targetDeployment.CreatedAt, &targetDeployment.UpdatedAt,
-		&ownerCheck,
-	)
-
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB)
+	r, err := q.GetDeploymentForRollback(ctx, deploymentID)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Deployment not found"})
 		return
 	}
+	serviceID := r.ServiceID
+	targetDeployment := deploymentModelFrom(deploymentRowShape{
+		ID: r.ID, ServiceID: r.ServiceID, CommitHash: r.CommitHash, Status: r.Status,
+		ImageName: r.ImageName, ImageTag: r.ImageTag, BuildLog: r.BuildLog,
+		RuntimeLog: r.RuntimeLog, Error: r.Error, StartedAt: r.StartedAt,
+		CompletedAt: r.CompletedAt, CreatedAt: r.CreatedAt, UpdatedAt: r.UpdatedAt,
+	})
+	ownerCheck := r.OwnerID
 
-	if ownerCheck != userID.(string) && !contextIsAdmin(c) {
+	if ownerCheck.String() != userID.(string) && !contextIsAdmin(c) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
 		return
 	}
@@ -931,23 +936,28 @@ func handleRollbackDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 		UpdatedAt:  now,
 	}
 
-	_, err = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`INSERT INTO deployments
-		 (id, service_id, version, commit_hash, status, image_name, image_tag, created_at, updated_at)
-		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9)`,
-		rollback.ID, rollback.ServiceID, fmt.Sprintf("rollback-%d", now.Unix()), rollback.CommitHash, rollback.Status,
-		rollback.ImageName, rollback.ImageTag, rollback.CreatedAt, rollback.UpdatedAt,
-	)
+	err = q.InsertDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.InsertDeploymentParams{
+		ID:         rollback.ID,
+		ServiceID:  rollback.ServiceID,
+		Version:    fmt.Sprintf("rollback-%d", now.Unix()),
+		CommitHash: sql.NullString{String: ptrStr(rollback.CommitHash), Valid: rollback.CommitHash != nil},
+		Status:     sql.NullString{String: rollback.Status, Valid: true},
+		ImageName:  sql.NullString{String: rollback.ImageName, Valid: true},
+		ImageTag:   sql.NullString{String: rollback.ImageTag, Valid: true},
+		CreatedAt:  sql.NullTime{Time: rollback.CreatedAt, Valid: true},
+		UpdatedAt:  sql.NullTime{Time: rollback.UpdatedAt, Valid: true},
+	})
 
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to create rollback deployment"})
 		return
 	}
 
-	_, err = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`UPDATE services SET status = 'building', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
-		time.Now(), serviceID,
-	)
+	err = q.SetServiceStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServiceStatusParams{
+		Status:    sql.NullString{String: "building", Valid: true},
+		UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+		ID:        serviceID,
+	})
 
 	// Real rollback: redeploy the target deployment's image.
 	engineValue, _ := c.Get("deployment_engine")
@@ -963,36 +973,18 @@ func handleRollbackDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 		if engine == nil {
 			reason = "Deployment engine unavailable. Docker may not be configured on this server."
 		}
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-			`UPDATE deployments SET status = 'failed', error = $1, completed_at = $2, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`,
-			reason, completedAt, rollbackID,
-		)
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-			`UPDATE services SET status = 'failed', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
-			completedAt, serviceID,
-		)
+		_ = q.FailDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.FailDeploymentParams{
+			Error:       sql.NullString{String: reason, Valid: true},
+			CompletedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: completedAt, Valid: true},
+			ID:          rollbackID,
+		})
+		_ = q.SetServiceStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServiceStatusParams{
+			Status:    sql.NullString{String: "failed", Valid: true},
+			UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: completedAt, Valid: true},
+			ID:        serviceID,
+		})
 	} else {
-		var service Service
-		_ = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-			`SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name, s.type, s.status, s.image, s.command,
-			        s.environment, s.git_repo, s.git_branch, s.build_path, s.cpu, s.memory,
-			        COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
-			        COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
-			        COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
-			        COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
-			        COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
-			        COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
-			        s.created_at, s.updated_at
-			 FROM services s WHERE s.id = $1`, serviceID,
-		).Scan(
-			&service.ID, &service.ProjectID, &service.Name, &service.Type, &service.Status,
-			&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
-			&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
-			&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-			&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
-			&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
-			&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt,
-		)
+		service, _ := loadServiceForDeploy(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)
 
 		rollbackReq := CreateDeploymentRequest{
 			CommitHash: func() string {

app/backend/internal/api/domains.go

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"regexp"
@@ -44,19 +45,26 @@ func validHostname(d string) bool {
 }
 
 func loadServiceDomains(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) []ServiceDomain {
-	rows, err := db.Query(
-		`SELECT id, service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type, cert_status, last_checked_at, created_at
-		 FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1 ORDER BY is_default DESC, created_at ASC`, serviceID)
+	rows, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).ListServiceDomains(context.Background(), serviceID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
-	out := []ServiceDomain{}
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var d ServiceDomain
-		if err := rows.Scan(&d.ID, &d.ServiceID, &d.Domain, &d.IsDefault, &d.CertType, &d.CertStatus, &d.LastCheckedAt, &d.CreatedAt); err == nil {
-			out = append(out, d)
+	out := make([]ServiceDomain, 0, len(rows))
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		d := ServiceDomain{
+			ID:         r.ID,
+			ServiceID:  r.ServiceID,
+			Domain:     r.Domain,
+			IsDefault:  r.IsDefault,
+			CertType:   r.CertType,
+			CertStatus: r.CertStatus,
+			CreatedAt:  r.CreatedAt,
 		}
+		if r.LastCheckedAt.Valid {
+			t := r.LastCheckedAt.Time
+			d.LastCheckedAt = &t
+		}
+		out = append(out, d)
 	}
 	return out
 }
@@ -104,22 +112,20 @@ func dnsLabel(name string) string {
 // base domain; spread services union every eligible node's base domain.
 // Local services get nothing — there is no instance-level base domain yet.
 func serviceAutoDomains(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) []string {
-	var name string
-	var nodeID sql.NullString
-	var spread bool
-	if err := db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT name, node_id, COALESCE(spread, false) FROM services WHERE id = $1`, serviceID,
-	).Scan(&name, &nodeID, &spread); err != nil {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	brief, err := q.GetServicePlacementBrief(ctx, serviceID)
+	if err != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
-	label := dnsLabel(name)
+	label := dnsLabel(brief.Name)
 	if label == "" {
 		return nil
 	}
 
 	var bases []string
-	ctx := context.Background()
-	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	nodeID := brief.NodeID
+	spread := brief.Spread
 	switch {
 	case nodeID.Valid && nodeID.String != "":
 		if a, err := q.GetAgent(ctx, nodeID.String); err == nil && a.DefaultDomain != "" {
@@ -142,24 +148,25 @@ func serviceAutoDomains(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) []string {
 // syncDefaultDomain writes the is_default row back to services.domain so
 // legacy reads (CLI tables, public_url) keep working.
 func syncDefaultDomain(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) {
-	var domain string
-	err := db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT domain FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1 AND is_default`, serviceID).Scan(&domain)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	domain, err := q.GetServiceDomainDefault(ctx, serviceID)
 	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
-		err = db.QueryRow(
-			`SELECT domain FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1 ORDER BY created_at ASC LIMIT 1`, serviceID).Scan(&domain)
+		domain, err = q.GetServiceDomainFirst(ctx, serviceID)
 	}
 	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
 		domain = ""
 	}
-	_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET domain = $1 WHERE id = $2`, domain, serviceID)
+	_ = q.SetServiceLegacyDomain(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServiceLegacyDomainParams{Domain: domain, ID: serviceID})
 }
 
 // serviceAccess loads the maintenance/basic-auth columns for the runtime spec.
 func serviceAccess(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) (maintenance bool, basicAuth string) {
-	_ = db.QueryRow(`SELECT maintenance_mode, basic_auth_users FROM services WHERE id = $1`, serviceID).
-		Scan(&maintenance, &basicAuth)
-	return maintenance, basicAuth
+	row, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetServiceAccess(context.Background(), serviceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, ""
+	}
+	return row.MaintenanceMode, row.BasicAuthUsers
 }
 
 // maintenanceURL is the redirect target for maintenance mode — the public
@@ -204,11 +211,12 @@ func basicAuthUsernames(encoded string) []string {
 // serviceWriteAccess mirrors the service update handler's access check.
 func serviceWriteAccess(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) bool {
 	userID, _ := c.Get("user_id")
-	var ok bool
-	err := db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM services s JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
-			WHERE s.id = $1 AND (p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool))`,
-		serviceID, userID, contextIsAdmin(c)).Scan(&ok)
+	uid, _ := uuid.Parse(fmt.Sprint(userID))
+	ok, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).ServiceWriteAccess(context.Background(), sqlcdb.ServiceWriteAccessParams{
+		ID:      serviceID,
+		OwnerID: uid,
+		Column3: contextIsAdmin(c),
+	})
 	return err == nil && ok
 }
 
@@ -255,9 +263,11 @@ func handleAddServiceDomain(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB)
+
 	// First domain on a service becomes the default automatically.
-	var count int
-	_ = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1`, serviceID).Scan(&count)
+	count, _ := q.CountServiceDomains(ctx, serviceID)
 	makeDefault := req.IsDefault || count == 0
 
 	tx, err := db.(*database.DB).Begin()
@@ -266,19 +276,18 @@ func handleAddServiceDomain(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	defer tx.Rollback()
+	qtx := q.WithTx(tx)
 	if makeDefault {
-		if _, err := tx.Exec(`UPDATE service_domains SET is_default = false WHERE service_id = $1`, serviceID); err != nil {
+		if err := qtx.ClearServiceDomainDefault(ctx, serviceID); err != nil {
 			respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Failed to add domain")
 			return
 		}
 	}
-	var inserted ServiceDomain
-	err = tx.QueryRow(
-		`INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default)
-		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
-		 RETURNING id, service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type, cert_status, created_at`,
-		serviceID, domain, makeDefault).
-		Scan(&inserted.ID, &inserted.ServiceID, &inserted.Domain, &inserted.IsDefault, &inserted.CertType, &inserted.CertStatus, &inserted.CreatedAt)
+	row, err := qtx.CreateServiceDomain(ctx, sqlcdb.CreateServiceDomainParams{
+		ServiceID: serviceID,
+		Domain:    domain,
+		IsDefault: makeDefault,
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "duplicate") || strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unique") {
 			respondError(c, http.StatusConflict, "CONFLICT", "Domain already attached to this service")
@@ -292,7 +301,15 @@ func handleAddServiceDomain(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	syncDefaultDomain(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)
-	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{"domain": inserted})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{"domain": ServiceDomain{
+		ID:         row.ID,
+		ServiceID:  row.ServiceID,
+		Domain:     row.Domain,
+		IsDefault:  row.IsDefault,
+		CertType:   row.CertType,
+		CertStatus: row.CertStatus,
+		CreatedAt:  row.CreatedAt,
+	}})
 }
 
 func handleDeleteServiceDomain(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -315,9 +332,8 @@ func handleDeleteServiceDomain(c *gin.Context) {
 		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid domain ID")
 		return
 	}
-	res, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`DELETE FROM service_domains WHERE id = $1 AND service_id = $2`, domainID, serviceID)
-	affected, _ := res.RowsAffected()
+	affected, err := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB).DeleteServiceDomain(
+		c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.DeleteServiceDomainParams{ID: domainID, ServiceID: serviceID})
 	if err != nil || affected == 0 {
 		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "Domain not found")
 		return
@@ -346,14 +362,12 @@ func handleSetDefaultDomain(c *gin.Context) {
 		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid domain ID")
 		return
 	}
-	res, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`UPDATE service_domains SET is_default = (id = $1) WHERE service_id = $2`,
-		domainID, serviceID)
+	affected, err := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB).SetServiceDomainDefault(
+		c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.SetServiceDomainDefaultParams{ID: domainID, ServiceID: serviceID})
 	if err != nil {
 		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Failed to set default domain")
 		return
 	}
-	affected, _ := res.RowsAffected()
 	if affected == 0 {
 		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "Domain not found")
 		return
@@ -421,7 +435,7 @@ func handleCheckServiceDomains(c *gin.Context) {
 			r.Status = "ok"
 		}
 		results = append(results, r)
-		_, _ = dbh.Exec(`UPDATE service_domains SET last_checked_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1`, d.ID)
+		_ = sqlcdb.New(dbh.DB).TouchServiceDomainChecked(c.Request.Context(), d.ID)
 	}
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"domains": results})
 }

app/backend/internal/api/domains_test.go

@@ -1,6 +1,30 @@
 package api
 
-import "testing"
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+func testDSNString(t *testing.T) string {
+	t.Helper()
+	dsn := os.Getenv("METRICS_TEST_DSN")
+	if dsn == "" {
+		dsn = os.Getenv("DATABASE_URL")
+	}
+	if dsn == "" {
+		t.Skip("METRICS_TEST_DSN not set")
+	}
+	return dsn
+}
 
 func TestDNSLabel(t *testing.T) {
 	cases := map[string]string{
@@ -24,3 +48,529 @@ func TestDNSLabelLengthCap(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("label over 63 chars: %d", len(got))
 	}
 }
+
+// Live invariant test against real Postgres — set METRICS_TEST_DSN (or
+// DATABASE_URL). Verifies the generated domain queries preserve the
+// default-domain and legacy services.domain invariants.
+func TestServiceDomainsLiveInvariants(t *testing.T) {
+	dsn := testDSNString(t)
+	db, err := database.NewConnection(dsn)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("connect: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+
+	userID := uuid.New()
+	projectID := uuid.New()
+	envID := uuid.New()
+	serviceID := uuid.New()
+	suffix := strings.ReplaceAll(serviceID.String()[:8], "-", "")
+
+	must := func(err error) {
+		t.Helper()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("setup: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO users (id, email, password_hash, name) VALUES ($1, $2, 'x', 'test')`,
+		userID, "domtest-"+suffix+"@test.local")
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO projects (id, name, owner_id, is_approved) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, true)`,
+		projectID, "domtest-"+suffix, userID)
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO environments (id, name, project_id) VALUES ($1, 'production', $2)`,
+		envID, projectID)
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO services (id, name, project_id, environment_id, service_type, source_type)
+		VALUES ($1, 'domtest-`+suffix+`', $2, $3, 'web', 'image')`,
+		serviceID, projectID, envID)
+	must(err)
+	defer func() {
+		_, _ = db.Exec(`DELETE FROM users WHERE id = $1`, userID)
+	}()
+
+	d1, err := q.CreateServiceDomain(ctx, sqlcdb.CreateServiceDomainParams{
+		ServiceID: serviceID, Domain: "a-" + suffix + ".example.com", IsDefault: true})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create d1: %v", err)
+	}
+	d2, err := q.CreateServiceDomain(ctx, sqlcdb.CreateServiceDomainParams{
+		ServiceID: serviceID, Domain: "b-" + suffix + ".example.com", IsDefault: false})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("create d2: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	syncDefaultDomain(db, serviceID)
+	var legacy string
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT domain FROM services WHERE id = $1`, serviceID).Scan(&legacy); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read legacy: %v", err)
+	}
+	if legacy != d1.Domain {
+		t.Fatalf("legacy domain = %q, want %q", legacy, d1.Domain)
+	}
+
+	// Switch default: exactly one row stays default, legacy follows.
+	if err := q.ClearServiceDomainDefault(ctx, serviceID); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("clear: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := q.SetServiceDomainDefault(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServiceDomainDefaultParams{
+		ID: d2.ID, ServiceID: serviceID}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("set default: %v", err)
+	}
+	syncDefaultDomain(db, serviceID)
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT domain FROM services WHERE id = $1`, serviceID).Scan(&legacy); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read legacy2: %v", err)
+	}
+	if legacy != d2.Domain {
+		t.Fatalf("legacy after switch = %q, want %q", legacy, d2.Domain)
+	}
+
+	doms := loadServiceDomains(db, serviceID)
+	if len(doms) != 2 || !doms[0].IsDefault || doms[0].Domain != d2.Domain {
+		t.Fatalf("list order wrong: %+v", doms)
+	}
+
+	// Deleting the default falls back to the remaining domain.
+	if _, err := q.DeleteServiceDomain(ctx, sqlcdb.DeleteServiceDomainParams{
+		ID: d2.ID, ServiceID: serviceID}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("delete d2: %v", err)
+	}
+	syncDefaultDomain(db, serviceID)
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT domain FROM services WHERE id = $1`, serviceID).Scan(&legacy); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read legacy3: %v", err)
+	}
+	if legacy != d1.Domain {
+		t.Fatalf("legacy after delete = %q, want %q", legacy, d1.Domain)
+	}
+}
+
+// Live clone test: cloneServiceRow must copy config, domains, and variables
+// verbatim, start stopped, and land in the target project/environment.
+func TestCloneServiceRowLive(t *testing.T) {
+	dsn := testDSNString(t)
+	db, err := database.NewConnection(dsn)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("connect: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+
+	userID := uuid.New()
+	projectID := uuid.New()
+	envID := uuid.New()
+	serviceID := uuid.New()
+	suffix := strings.ReplaceAll(serviceID.String()[:8], "-", "")
+	must := func(err error) {
+		t.Helper()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("setup: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO users (id, email, password_hash, name) VALUES ($1, $2, 'x', 'test')`,
+		userID, "clone-"+suffix+"@test.local")
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO projects (id, name, owner_id, is_approved) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, true)`,
+		projectID, "clone-"+suffix, userID)
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO environments (id, name, project_id) VALUES ($1, 'production', $2)`,
+		envID, projectID)
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO services (id, name, project_id, environment_id, service_type, source_type,
+		image_name, port, volumes, traefik_labels, maintenance_mode)
+		VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, 'web', 'image', 'traefik/whoami:latest', 80,
+			'[{"mount":"/data"}]'::jsonb,
+			'{"middlewares.rl.ratelimit.average":"100"}'::jsonb, true)`,
+		serviceID, "clonesrc-"+suffix, projectID, envID)
+	must(err)
+	defer func() { _, _ = db.Exec(`DELETE FROM users WHERE id = $1`, userID) }()
+
+	if _, err := q.CreateServiceDomain(ctx, sqlcdb.CreateServiceDomainParams{
+		ServiceID: serviceID, Domain: "src-" + suffix + ".example.com", IsDefault: true}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed domain: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := db.Exec(`INSERT INTO environment_variables (id, service_id, key, value, is_secret)
+		VALUES ($1, $2, 'FOO', 'bar', false)`, uuid.New(), serviceID); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("seed var: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	cloneID, err := cloneServiceRow(db, serviceID, projectID, "clone-"+suffix, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("clone: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	var status, imageName, env string
+	var maintenance bool
+	var volumes, labels []byte
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT status, image_name, COALESCE(environment,''), maintenance_mode,
+		volumes, traefik_labels FROM services WHERE id = $1`, cloneID).
+		Scan(&status, &imageName, &env, &maintenance, &volumes, &labels); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read clone: %v", err)
+	}
+	if status != "stopped" || imageName != "traefik/whoami:latest" || env != "production" {
+		t.Fatalf("clone mismatch: %v %v %v", status, imageName, env)
+	}
+	if !maintenance || string(volumes) == "[]" || string(labels) == "{}" {
+		t.Fatalf("clone dropped config: maint=%v vol=%s labels=%s", maintenance, volumes, labels)
+	}
+	doms := loadServiceDomains(db, cloneID)
+	if len(doms) != 1 || doms[0].Domain != "src-"+suffix+".example.com" || !doms[0].IsDefault {
+		t.Fatalf("domains not cloned: %+v", doms)
+	}
+	var varVal string
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT value FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1 AND key = 'FOO'`,
+		cloneID).Scan(&varVal); err != nil || varVal != "bar" {
+		t.Fatalf("vars not cloned: %v %q", err, varVal)
+	}
+}
+
+// Live preview-environment test: generated queries must preserve the
+// access-check join, the status-sync CASE, and the sweep listing.
+func TestPreviewEnvironmentsLiveInvariants(t *testing.T) {
+	dsn := testDSNString(t)
+	db, err := database.NewConnection(dsn)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("connect: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+
+	userID := uuid.New()
+	projectID := uuid.New()
+	envID := uuid.New()
+	srcID := uuid.New()
+	cloneID := uuid.New()
+	previewID := uuid.New()
+	suffix := strings.ReplaceAll(previewID.String()[:8], "-", "")
+	must := func(err error) {
+		t.Helper()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("setup: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO users (id, email, password_hash, name) VALUES ($1, $2, 'x', 'test')`,
+		userID, "prev-"+suffix+"@test.local")
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO projects (id, name, owner_id, is_approved) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, true)`,
+		projectID, "prev-"+suffix, userID)
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO environments (id, name, project_id) VALUES ($1, 'production', $2)`,
+		envID, projectID)
+	must(err)
+	for _, p := range [][3]interface{}{{srcID, "src-" + suffix, "running"}, {cloneID, "clone-" + suffix, "running"}} {
+		_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO services (id, name, project_id, environment_id, service_type, source_type, status)
+			VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, 'web', 'image', $5)`,
+			p[0], p[1], projectID, envID, p[2])
+		must(err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _, _ = db.Exec(`DELETE FROM users WHERE id = $1`, userID) }()
+
+	must(q.CreatePreviewEnvironment(ctx, sqlcdb.CreatePreviewEnvironmentParams{
+		ID:               previewID,
+		ProjectID:        projectID,
+		ServiceID:        srcID,
+		PreviewServiceID: uuid.NullUUID{UUID: cloneID, Valid: true},
+		BranchName:       "feat-" + suffix,
+		Environment:      "preview-feat-" + suffix,
+		Status:           "building",
+		ExpiresAt:        time.Now().Add(-time.Hour), // already past TTL → sweepable
+	}))
+
+	// List + service join.
+	rows, err := q.ListPreviewEnvironmentsForProject(ctx, projectID)
+	if err != nil || len(rows) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("list: %v %d", err, len(rows))
+	}
+	if rows[0].ID != previewID || !rows[0].SvcID.Valid || rows[0].ServiceName.String != "src-"+suffix {
+		t.Fatalf("list row: %+v", rows[0])
+	}
+
+	// Access-check join: owner reads; a stranger does not.
+	if _, err := q.GetPreviewEnvironment(ctx, sqlcdb.GetPreviewEnvironmentParams{
+		ID: previewID, OwnerID: userID}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("owner read: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := q.GetPreviewEnvironment(ctx, sqlcdb.GetPreviewEnvironmentParams{
+		ID: previewID, OwnerID: uuid.New()}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("approved project should be public-read: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Status sync folds clone's 'running' into the preview row.
+	if err := q.SyncPreviewStatuses(ctx); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("sync: %v", err)
+	}
+	var status string
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT status FROM preview_environments WHERE id = $1`, previewID).Scan(&status); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read status: %v", err)
+	}
+	if status != "running" {
+		t.Fatalf("status after sync = %q, want running", status)
+	}
+
+	// TTL sweep picks it up (expired at insert), marks expired.
+	sweep, err := q.ListSweepablePreviews(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("sweep list: %v", err)
+	}
+	found := false
+	for _, s := range sweep {
+		if s.ID == previewID && s.PreviewServiceID.UUID == cloneID {
+			found = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Fatalf("sweepable list missing preview: %+v", sweep)
+	}
+	must(q.MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatusParams{Status: "expired", ID: previewID}))
+	sweep, _ = q.ListSweepablePreviews(ctx)
+	for _, s := range sweep {
+		if s.ID == previewID {
+			t.Fatal("expired preview still sweepable")
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Owner lookup and delete.
+	owner, err := q.GetPreviewEnvironmentOwner(ctx, previewID)
+	if err != nil || owner != userID {
+		t.Fatalf("owner: %v %v", owner, err)
+	}
+	must(q.DeletePreviewEnvironment(ctx, previewID))
+}
+
+// Live deployment lifecycle: generated queries preserve list ordering,
+// the access join, and the status-transition writes.
+func TestDeploymentsLiveInvariants(t *testing.T) {
+	dsn := testDSNString(t)
+	db, err := database.NewConnection(dsn)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("connect: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+
+	userID := uuid.New()
+	projectID := uuid.New()
+	envID := uuid.New()
+	serviceID := uuid.New()
+	deployID := uuid.New()
+	suffix := strings.ReplaceAll(deployID.String()[:8], "-", "")
+	must := func(err error) {
+		t.Helper()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("setup: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO users (id, email, password_hash, name) VALUES ($1, $2, 'x', 'test')`,
+		userID, "dep-"+suffix+"@test.local")
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO projects (id, name, owner_id, is_approved) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, true)`,
+		projectID, "dep-"+suffix, userID)
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO environments (id, name, project_id) VALUES ($1, 'production', $2)`,
+		envID, projectID)
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO services (id, name, project_id, environment_id, service_type, source_type, status)
+		VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, 'web', 'image', 'running')`,
+		serviceID, "dep-"+suffix, projectID, envID)
+	must(err)
+	defer func() { _, _ = db.Exec(`DELETE FROM users WHERE id = $1`, userID) }()
+
+	must(q.InsertDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.InsertDeploymentParams{
+		ID:        deployID,
+		ServiceID: serviceID,
+		Version:   "v1-" + suffix,
+		Status:    sql.NullString{String: "pending", Valid: true},
+	}))
+	total, err := q.CountDeploymentsForService(ctx, serviceID)
+	if err != nil || total != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("count: %v %d", err, total)
+	}
+	rows, err := q.ListDeploymentsForService(ctx, sqlcdb.ListDeploymentsForServiceParams{
+		ServiceID: serviceID, Limit: 10, Offset: 0})
+	if err != nil || len(rows) != 1 || rows[0].ID != deployID {
+		t.Fatalf("list: %v %+v", err, rows)
+	}
+
+	// Access join returns owner.
+	access, err := q.GetDeploymentAccess(ctx, deployID)
+	if err != nil || access.OwnerID != userID || access.ServiceID != serviceID {
+		t.Fatalf("access: %v %+v", err, access)
+	}
+
+	// Recent feed honors the access predicate.
+	feed, err := q.ListRecentAccessibleDeployments(ctx, sqlcdb.ListRecentAccessibleDeploymentsParams{
+		OwnerID: userID, Limit: 10, Offset: 0})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("feed: %v", err)
+	}
+	found := false
+	for _, d := range feed {
+		if d.ID == deployID && d.ServiceName == "dep-"+suffix {
+			found = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Fatalf("feed missing deployment: %+v", feed)
+	}
+
+	// Status transitions.
+	must(q.SetDeploymentStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.SetDeploymentStatusParams{
+		Status: sql.NullString{String: "queued", Valid: true}, UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true}, ID: deployID}))
+	must(q.SyncDeploymentProgress(ctx, sqlcdb.SyncDeploymentProgressParams{
+		Status:    sql.NullString{String: "deployed", Valid: true},
+		ImageName: sql.NullString{String: "nginx", Valid: true},
+		ImageTag:  sql.NullString{String: "alpine", Valid: true},
+		UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+		ID:        deployID,
+	}))
+	r, err := q.GetDeploymentWithProject(ctx, deployID)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get: %v", err)
+	}
+	if r.Status.String != "deployed" || r.ImageName.String != "nginx" || r.ProjectID != projectID {
+		t.Fatalf("post-sync row: %+v", r)
+	}
+	must(q.FailDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.FailDeploymentParams{
+		Error:       sql.NullString{String: "boom", Valid: true},
+		CompletedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+		ID:          deployID,
+	}))
+	r, _ = q.GetDeploymentWithProject(ctx, deployID)
+	if r.Status.String != "failed" || r.Error.String != "boom" {
+		t.Fatalf("post-fail row: %+v", r)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestRuntimeLiveInvariants exercises the runtime.sql queries: the
+// legacy-column COALESCE chain in GetServiceRuntimeWithOwner, the
+// deployed-image concat, and the conditional published-port update.
+func TestRuntimeLiveInvariants(t *testing.T) {
+	dsn := testDSNString(t)
+	db, err := database.NewConnection(dsn)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("connect: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer db.Close()
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+
+	userID := uuid.New()
+	projectID := uuid.New()
+	envID := uuid.New()
+	serviceID := uuid.New()
+	suffix := strings.ReplaceAll(serviceID.String()[:8], "-", "")
+	must := func(err error) {
+		t.Helper()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("setup: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO users (id, email, password_hash, name) VALUES ($1, $2, 'x', 'test')`,
+		userID, "rt-"+suffix+"@test.local")
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO projects (id, name, owner_id, is_approved) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, true)`,
+		projectID, "rt-"+suffix, userID)
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO environments (id, name, project_id) VALUES ($1, 'production', $2)`,
+		envID, projectID)
+	must(err)
+	// Only legacy columns populated — the COALESCE chain must surface them.
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO services (id, name, project_id, environment_id, service_type, source_type,
+		source_url, image_name, start_command, port) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, 'worker', 'git', $5, $6, 'run.sh', 8080)`,
+		serviceID, "rt-"+suffix, projectID, envID, "https://git.example/x.git", "repo/img:latest")
+	must(err)
+	defer func() { _, _ = db.Exec(`DELETE FROM users WHERE id = $1`, userID) }()
+
+	row, err := q.GetServiceRuntimeWithOwner(ctx, serviceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("runtime row: %v", err)
+	}
+	if row.Type != "worker" || row.Image != "repo/img:latest" || row.Command != "run.sh" ||
+		row.GitRepo != "https://git.example/x.git" || row.OwnerID != userID {
+		t.Fatalf("COALESCE chain lost legacy columns: %+v", row)
+	}
+	svc := serviceFromRuntimeRow(row)
+	if svc.Type != "worker" || svc.Image != "repo/img:latest" || svc.Port != 8080 {
+		t.Fatalf("mapped service wrong: %+v", svc)
+	}
+
+	// Sibling refs + port lookup.
+	refs, err := q.ListProjectServiceRefs(ctx, projectID)
+	if err != nil || len(refs) != 1 || refs[0].Name != "rt-"+suffix {
+		t.Fatalf("refs: %v %+v", err, refs)
+	}
+	port, err := q.GetServicePort(ctx, serviceID)
+	if err != nil || port != 8080 {
+		t.Fatalf("port: %v %d", err, port)
+	}
+
+	// Variables round-trip.
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO environment_variables (id, service_id, key, value, is_secret)
+		VALUES (gen_random_uuid(), $1, 'API_KEY', 'shh', true), (gen_random_uuid(), $1, 'PLAIN', 'p', false)`,
+		serviceID)
+	must(err)
+	vars, err := q.ListServiceVariablesWithSecret(ctx, serviceID)
+	if err != nil || len(vars) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("vars: %v %+v", err, vars)
+	}
+	vals, err := q.ListServiceVariableValues(ctx, serviceID)
+	if err != nil || len(vals) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("vals: %v %+v", err, vals)
+	}
+	got, err := q.GetServiceVariableValue(ctx, sqlcdb.GetServiceVariableValueParams{ServiceID: serviceID, Key: "API_KEY"})
+	if err != nil || got != "shh" {
+		t.Fatalf("var value: %v %q", err, got)
+	}
+
+	// Node agent listing through container_instances.
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO node_agents (id, name, hostname, ip_address, port) VALUES ($1, $2, 'h', '127.0.0.1', 9999)`,
+		"agent-"+suffix, "agent-"+suffix)
+	must(err)
+	_, err = db.Exec(`INSERT INTO container_instances (id, name, image, project_id, service_id, node_agent_id)
+		VALUES ($1, 'c', 'img', $2, $3, $4)`,
+		"ci-"+suffix, projectID.String(), serviceID.String(), "agent-"+suffix)
+	must(err)
+	agents, err := q.ListNodeAgentsForService(ctx, serviceID.String())
+	if err != nil || len(agents) != 1 || agents[0] != "agent-"+suffix {
+		t.Fatalf("agents: %v %+v", err, agents)
+	}
+
+	// Last deployed image: only 'deployed' rows, latest first.
+	d1, d2 := uuid.New(), uuid.New()
+	must(q.InsertDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.InsertDeploymentParams{
+		ID: d1, ServiceID: serviceID, Version: "v1",
+		Status: sql.NullString{String: "failed", Valid: true},
+	}))
+	must(q.InsertDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.InsertDeploymentParams{
+		ID: d2, ServiceID: serviceID, Version: "v2",
+		Status: sql.NullString{String: "deployed", Valid: true},
+	}))
+	must(q.SyncDeploymentProgress(ctx, sqlcdb.SyncDeploymentProgressParams{
+		Status:    sql.NullString{String: "deployed", Valid: true},
+		ImageName: sql.NullString{String: "app", Valid: true},
+		ImageTag:  sql.NullString{String: "v2", Valid: true},
+		UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+		ID:        d2,
+	}))
+	img, err := q.GetLastDeployedImage(ctx, serviceID)
+	if err != nil || img != "app:v2" {
+		t.Fatalf("last image: %v %q", err, img)
+	}
+
+	// Conditional published-port update: writes once, no-ops on repeat.
+	must(q.SetServicePublishedPort(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServicePublishedPortParams{PublishedPort: 30001, ID: serviceID}))
+	p, err := q.GetServicePublishedPort(ctx, serviceID)
+	if err != nil || p != 30001 {
+		t.Fatalf("published port: %v %d", err, p)
+	}
+	must(q.SetServiceReplicas(ctx, sqlcdb.SetServiceReplicasParams{
+		Replicas: 3, UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true}, ID: serviceID}))
+	row, _ = q.GetServiceRuntimeWithOwner(ctx, serviceID)
+	if row.Replicas != 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("replicas: %+v", row)
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/preview_environments.go

@@ -40,6 +40,68 @@ type PreviewEnvironment struct {
 	DeploymentID *uuid.UUID `json:"deployment_id,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// previewRowShape is the common column set the generated preview rows
+// carry — ListPreviewEnvironmentsForProjectRow and GetPreviewEnvironmentRow
+// share it.
+type previewRowShape struct {
+	ID               uuid.UUID
+	ProjectID        uuid.UUID
+	ServiceID        uuid.UUID
+	PreviewServiceID uuid.NullUUID
+	BranchName       string
+	PrNumber         sql.NullInt32
+	Environment      string
+	Status           string
+	Url              sql.NullString
+	ExpiresAt        time.Time
+	CreatedAt        sql.NullTime
+	UpdatedAt        sql.NullTime
+	SvcID            uuid.NullUUID
+	ServiceName      sql.NullString
+	ServiceType      sql.NullString
+}
+
+func previewFromRow(r previewRowShape) PreviewEnvironment {
+	env := PreviewEnvironment{
+		ID:          r.ID,
+		ProjectID:   r.ProjectID,
+		ServiceID:   r.ServiceID,
+		BranchName:  r.BranchName,
+		Environment: r.Environment,
+		Status:      r.Status,
+		URL:         r.Url.String,
+		CreatedAt:   r.CreatedAt.Time,
+		UpdatedAt:   r.UpdatedAt.Time,
+	}
+	if r.PreviewServiceID.Valid {
+		id := r.PreviewServiceID.UUID
+		env.PreviewServiceID = &id
+	}
+	if r.PrNumber.Valid {
+		n := int(r.PrNumber.Int32)
+		env.PRNumber = &n
+	}
+	if !r.ExpiresAt.IsZero() {
+		t := r.ExpiresAt
+		env.ExpiresAt = &t
+	}
+	if r.SvcID.Valid {
+		env.Service = &Service{
+			ID:   r.SvcID.UUID,
+			Name: r.ServiceName.String,
+			Type: r.ServiceType.String,
+		}
+	}
+	return env
+}
+
+func prNumberSQL(n *int) sql.NullInt32 {
+	if n == nil {
+		return sql.NullInt32{}
+	}
+	return sql.NullInt32{Int32: int32(*n), Valid: true}
+}
+
 // CreatePreviewEnvironmentRequest represents a request to create a preview environment
 type CreatePreviewEnvironmentRequest struct {
 	ProjectID  uuid.UUID `json:"project_id"`
@@ -86,51 +148,21 @@ func handleGetPreviewEnvironments(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 
 	// Get preview environments for the project with service info
-	rows, err := db.(*database.DB).Query(
-		`SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.preview_service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.pr_number,
-				pe.environment, pe.status, pe.url, pe.expires_at, pe.created_at, pe.updated_at,
-				s.id as service_id, s.name as service_name, s.type as service_type
-			FROM preview_environments pe
-			LEFT JOIN services s ON pe.service_id = s.id
-			WHERE pe.project_id = $1
-			ORDER BY pe.created_at DESC`,
-		projectID,
-	)
+	rows, err := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB).ListPreviewEnvironmentsForProject(c.Request.Context(), projectID)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to retrieve preview environments"})
 		return
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
 
-	var environments []PreviewEnvironment
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var env PreviewEnvironment
-		var serviceID sql.NullString
-		var serviceName sql.NullString
-		var serviceType sql.NullString
-
-		err := rows.Scan(
-			&env.ID, &env.ProjectID, &env.ServiceID, &env.PreviewServiceID, &env.BranchName, &env.PRNumber,
-			&env.Environment, &env.Status, &env.URL, &env.ExpiresAt, &env.CreatedAt, &env.UpdatedAt,
-			&serviceID, &serviceName, &serviceType,
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to scan preview environment"})
-			return
-		}
-
-		if serviceID.Valid {
-			parsedServiceID, parseErr := uuid.Parse(serviceID.String)
-			if parseErr == nil {
-				env.Service = &Service{
-					ID:   parsedServiceID,
-					Name: serviceName.String,
-					Type: serviceType.String,
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		environments = append(environments, env)
+	environments := make([]PreviewEnvironment, 0, len(rows))
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		environments = append(environments, previewFromRow(previewRowShape{
+			ID: r.ID, ProjectID: r.ProjectID, ServiceID: r.ServiceID,
+			PreviewServiceID: r.PreviewServiceID, BranchName: r.BranchName,
+			PrNumber: r.PrNumber, Environment: r.Environment, Status: r.Status,
+			Url: r.Url, ExpiresAt: r.ExpiresAt, CreatedAt: r.CreatedAt, UpdatedAt: r.UpdatedAt,
+			SvcID: r.SvcID, ServiceName: r.ServiceName, ServiceType: r.ServiceType,
+		}))
 	}
 
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"preview_environments": environments})
@@ -171,48 +203,37 @@ func handleCreatePreviewEnvironment(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	// Check if project exists and user has access
-	var project Project
-	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		"SELECT id, name, owner_id FROM projects WHERE id = $1",
-		req.ProjectID,
-	).Scan(&project.ID, &project.Name, &project.OwnerID)
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB)
 
+	// Check if project exists and user has access
+	project, err := q.GetProjectBrief(ctx, req.ProjectID)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Project not found"})
 		return
 	}
 
 	// Check if user owns the project
-	if project.OwnerID != userID.(string) && !contextIsAdmin(c) {
+	if project.OwnerID.String() != userID.(string) && !contextIsAdmin(c) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
 		return
 	}
 
 	// Check if service exists and belongs to the project
-	var service Service
-	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		"SELECT id, name, COALESCE(type, service_type, '') FROM services WHERE id = $1 AND project_id = $2",
-		req.ServiceID, req.ProjectID,
-	).Scan(&service.ID, &service.Name, &service.Type)
-
+	service, err := q.GetServiceTypeBrief(ctx, sqlcdb.GetServiceTypeBriefParams{
+		ID: req.ServiceID, ProjectID: req.ProjectID})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Service not found or doesn't belong to this project"})
 		return
 	}
 
 	// Check if preview environment already exists for this branch and service
-	var count int
-	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		"SELECT COUNT(*) FROM preview_environments WHERE service_id = $1 AND branch_name = $2 AND status NOT IN ('expired', 'stopped')",
-		req.ServiceID, req.BranchName,
-	).Scan(&count)
-
+	count, err := q.CountActivePreviewsForBranch(ctx, sqlcdb.CountActivePreviewsForBranchParams{
+		ServiceID: req.ServiceID, BranchName: req.BranchName})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to check existing preview environment"})
 		return
 	}
-
 	if count > 0 {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": "Preview environment already exists for this branch and service"})
 		return
@@ -237,29 +258,23 @@ func handleCreatePreviewEnvironment(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	// The clone's branch override is what makes it a preview — everything
 	// else (env vars, volumes, builder, resources) stays identical.
-	if _, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`UPDATE services SET git_branch = $1, domain = '', updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $2`,
-		req.BranchName, cloneID,
-	); err != nil {
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(`DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1`, cloneID)
+	if err := q.UpdateServicePreviewBranch(ctx, sqlcdb.UpdateServicePreviewBranchParams{
+		GitBranch: sql.NullString{String: req.BranchName, Valid: true}, ID: cloneID}); err != nil {
+		_ = q.DeleteServiceByID(ctx, cloneID)
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to configure preview service"})
 		return
 	}
 	// Cloned service_domains would collide with the parent's Traefik
 	// router — previews get their own hostname or none.
-	if _, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`DELETE FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1`, cloneID,
-	); err != nil {
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(`DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1`, cloneID)
+	if err := q.DeleteAllServiceDomains(ctx, cloneID); err != nil {
+		_ = q.DeleteServiceByID(ctx, cloneID)
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to configure preview domains"})
 		return
 	}
 	previewHost := resolvePreviewHost(db.(*database.DB), cloneID, envName)
 	if previewHost != "" {
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-			`INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type) VALUES ($1, $2, true, 'tls')`,
-			cloneID, previewHost,
-		)
+		_ = q.CreatePreviewDomain(ctx, sqlcdb.CreatePreviewDomainParams{
+			ServiceID: cloneID, Domain: previewHost})
 	}
 
 	expiresAt := time.Now().Add(time.Duration(ttlHours) * time.Hour)
@@ -279,30 +294,36 @@ func handleCreatePreviewEnvironment(c *gin.Context) {
 		env.URL = "https://" + previewHost
 	}
 
-	_, err = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`INSERT INTO preview_environments
-			(id, project_id, service_id, preview_service_id, branch_name, pr_number, environment,
-			 status, url, expires_at, created_at, updated_at)
-			VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12)`,
-		env.ID, env.ProjectID, env.ServiceID, cloneID, env.BranchName, env.PRNumber,
-		env.Environment, env.Status, env.URL, env.ExpiresAt, env.CreatedAt, env.UpdatedAt,
-	)
+	err = q.CreatePreviewEnvironment(ctx, sqlcdb.CreatePreviewEnvironmentParams{
+		ID:               env.ID,
+		ProjectID:        env.ProjectID,
+		ServiceID:        env.ServiceID,
+		PreviewServiceID: uuid.NullUUID{UUID: cloneID, Valid: true},
+		BranchName:       env.BranchName,
+		PrNumber:         prNumberSQL(env.PRNumber),
+		Environment:      env.Environment,
+		Status:           env.Status,
+		Url:              sql.NullString{String: env.URL, Valid: env.URL != ""},
+		ExpiresAt:        *env.ExpiresAt,
+		CreatedAt:        sql.NullTime{Time: env.CreatedAt, Valid: true},
+		UpdatedAt:        sql.NullTime{Time: env.UpdatedAt, Valid: true},
+	})
 	if err != nil {
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(`DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1`, cloneID)
+		_ = q.DeleteServiceByID(ctx, cloneID)
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to create preview environment"})
 		return
 	}
 
 	deploymentID := uuid.New()
-	_, err = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`INSERT INTO deployments
-			(id, service_id, version, commit_hash, status, created_at, updated_at)
-		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, 'pending', NOW(), NOW())`,
-		deploymentID, cloneID, "preview-"+env.Environment, req.BranchName,
-	)
+	err = q.InsertPendingDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.InsertPendingDeploymentParams{
+		ID:         deploymentID,
+		ServiceID:  cloneID,
+		Version:    "preview-" + env.Environment,
+		CommitHash: sql.NullString{String: req.BranchName, Valid: true},
+	})
 	if err != nil {
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(`DELETE FROM preview_environments WHERE id = $1`, env.ID)
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(`DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1`, cloneID)
+		_ = q.DeletePreviewEnvironment(ctx, env.ID)
+		_ = q.DeleteServiceByID(ctx, cloneID)
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to provision preview deployment"})
 		return
 	}
@@ -349,43 +370,20 @@ func handleGetPreviewEnvironment(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	// Public when the parent project is approved; otherwise owner/member/admin.
 	userID := optionalUserUUID(c)
-	var env PreviewEnvironment
-	var serviceID sql.NullString
-	var serviceName sql.NullString
-	var serviceType sql.NullString
-	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.preview_service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.pr_number,
-				pe.environment, pe.status, pe.url, pe.expires_at, pe.created_at, pe.updated_at,
-				s.id as service_id, s.name as service_name, s.type as service_type
-			FROM preview_environments pe
-			LEFT JOIN services s ON pe.service_id = s.id
-			JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
-			WHERE pe.id = $1 AND (p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool
-				OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $2))`,
-		envID, userID, contextIsAdmin(c),
-	).Scan(
-		&env.ID, &env.ProjectID, &env.ServiceID, &env.PreviewServiceID, &env.BranchName, &env.PRNumber,
-		&env.Environment, &env.Status, &env.URL, &env.ExpiresAt, &env.CreatedAt, &env.UpdatedAt,
-		&serviceID, &serviceName, &serviceType,
-	)
-
+	r, err := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB).GetPreviewEnvironment(
+		c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetPreviewEnvironmentParams{
+			ID: envID, OwnerID: userID, Column3: contextIsAdmin(c)})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Preview environment not found"})
 		return
 	}
-
-	// Populate service info if available
-	if serviceID.Valid {
-		parsedServiceID, parseErr := uuid.Parse(serviceID.String)
-		if parseErr == nil {
-			env.Service = &Service{
-				ID:   parsedServiceID,
-				Name: serviceName.String,
-				Type: serviceType.String,
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
+	env := previewFromRow(previewRowShape{
+		ID: r.ID, ProjectID: r.ProjectID, ServiceID: r.ServiceID,
+		PreviewServiceID: r.PreviewServiceID, BranchName: r.BranchName,
+		PrNumber: r.PrNumber, Environment: r.Environment, Status: r.Status,
+		Url: r.Url, ExpiresAt: r.ExpiresAt, CreatedAt: r.CreatedAt, UpdatedAt: r.UpdatedAt,
+		SvcID: r.SvcID, ServiceName: r.ServiceName, ServiceType: r.ServiceType,
+	})
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"preview_environment": env})
 }
 
@@ -418,24 +416,21 @@ func handleUpdatePreviewEnvironment(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 
 	// Check if preview environment exists and user has access
-	var existingEnv PreviewEnvironment
-	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.pr_number, 
-				pe.environment, pe.status, pe.url, pe.expires_at, pe.created_at, pe.updated_at
-			FROM preview_environments pe
-			JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
-			WHERE pe.id = $1 AND (p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool)`,
-		envID, userID, contextIsAdmin(c),
-	).Scan(
-		&existingEnv.ID, &existingEnv.ProjectID, &existingEnv.ServiceID, &existingEnv.BranchName,
-		&existingEnv.PRNumber, &existingEnv.Environment, &existingEnv.Status, &existingEnv.URL,
-		&existingEnv.ExpiresAt, &existingEnv.CreatedAt, &existingEnv.UpdatedAt,
-	)
-
+	uid, _ := uuid.Parse(fmt.Sprint(userID))
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB)
+	r, err := q.GetPreviewEnvironmentForWrite(
+		c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetPreviewEnvironmentForWriteParams{
+			ID: envID, OwnerID: uid, Column3: contextIsAdmin(c)})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Preview environment not found"})
 		return
 	}
+	existingEnv := previewFromRow(previewRowShape{
+		ID: r.ID, ProjectID: r.ProjectID, ServiceID: r.ServiceID,
+		BranchName: r.BranchName, PrNumber: r.PrNumber, Environment: r.Environment,
+		Status: r.Status, Url: r.Url, ExpiresAt: r.ExpiresAt,
+		CreatedAt: r.CreatedAt, UpdatedAt: r.UpdatedAt,
+	})
 
 	// Update fields if provided
 	if req.Status != "" {
@@ -455,12 +450,17 @@ func handleUpdatePreviewEnvironment(c *gin.Context) {
 	existingEnv.UpdatedAt = time.Now()
 
 	// Update preview environment in database
-	_, err = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`UPDATE preview_environments 
-			SET status = $1, url = $2, expires_at = $3, updated_at = $4
-			WHERE id = $5`,
-		existingEnv.Status, existingEnv.URL, existingEnv.ExpiresAt, existingEnv.UpdatedAt, existingEnv.ID,
-	)
+	expiresAt := time.Time{}
+	if existingEnv.ExpiresAt != nil {
+		expiresAt = *existingEnv.ExpiresAt
+	}
+	err = q.UpdatePreviewEnvironment(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.UpdatePreviewEnvironmentParams{
+		Status:    existingEnv.Status,
+		Url:       sql.NullString{String: existingEnv.URL, Valid: existingEnv.URL != ""},
+		ExpiresAt: expiresAt,
+		UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: existingEnv.UpdatedAt, Valid: true},
+		ID:        existingEnv.ID,
+	})
 
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to update preview environment"})
@@ -492,46 +492,34 @@ func handleDeletePreviewEnvironment(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	// Check if preview environment exists and user has access
-	var projectOwnerID string
-	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT p.owner_id 
-			FROM preview_environments pe
-			JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
-			WHERE pe.id = $1`,
-		envID,
-	).Scan(&projectOwnerID)
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB)
 
+	// Check if preview environment exists and user has access
+	projectOwnerID, err := q.GetPreviewEnvironmentOwner(ctx, envID)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Preview environment not found"})
 		return
 	}
 
 	// Check if user owns the project
-	if projectOwnerID != userID.(string) && !contextIsAdmin(c) {
+	if projectOwnerID.String() != userID.(string) && !contextIsAdmin(c) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
 		return
 	}
 
 	// Tear down the clone's runtime and row — the preview is the clone.
-	var cloneID *uuid.UUID
-	_ = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT preview_service_id FROM preview_environments WHERE id = $1`, envID,
-	).Scan(&cloneID)
-	if cloneID != nil {
+	if cloneID, err := q.GetPreviewServiceID(ctx, envID); err == nil && cloneID.Valid {
 		if engineValue, exists := c.Get("deployment_engine"); exists && engineValue != nil {
 			if engine, ok := engineValue.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine); ok {
-				removeServiceRuntime(c.Request.Context(), db.(*database.DB), engine, *cloneID)
+				removeServiceRuntime(ctx, db.(*database.DB), engine, cloneID.UUID)
 			}
 		}
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(`DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1`, *cloneID)
+		_ = q.DeleteServiceByID(ctx, cloneID.UUID)
 	}
 
 	// Delete preview environment
-	_, err = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		"DELETE FROM preview_environments WHERE id = $1",
-		envID,
-	)
+	err = q.DeletePreviewEnvironment(ctx, envID)
 
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to delete preview environment"})
@@ -569,22 +557,30 @@ func handlePromotePreviewEnvironment(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	// Get preview environment details
-	var env PreviewEnvironment
-	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.preview_service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.environment, pe.status
-			FROM preview_environments pe
-			JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
-			WHERE pe.id = $1 AND (p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool)`,
-		envID, userID, contextIsAdmin(c),
-	).Scan(
-		&env.ID, &env.ProjectID, &env.ServiceID, &env.PreviewServiceID, &env.BranchName, &env.Environment, &env.Status,
-	)
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB)
 
+	// Get preview environment details
+	uid, _ := uuid.Parse(fmt.Sprint(userID))
+	r, err := q.GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromote(
+		ctx, sqlcdb.GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromoteParams{
+			ID: envID, OwnerID: uid, Column3: contextIsAdmin(c)})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Preview environment not found"})
 		return
 	}
+	env := PreviewEnvironment{
+		ID:          r.ID,
+		ProjectID:   r.ProjectID,
+		ServiceID:   r.ServiceID,
+		BranchName:  r.BranchName,
+		Environment: r.Environment,
+		Status:      r.Status,
+	}
+	if r.PreviewServiceID.Valid {
+		id := r.PreviewServiceID.UUID
+		env.PreviewServiceID = &id
+	}
 
 	// Check if preview environment is in a state that can be promoted
 	if env.Status != "running" {
@@ -596,11 +592,12 @@ func handlePromotePreviewEnvironment(c *gin.Context) {
 	// branch onto its own deployment track.
 	deploymentID := uuid.New()
 	promotionVersion := fmt.Sprintf("promote-%s-%d", strings.ReplaceAll(env.BranchName, "/", "-"), time.Now().Unix())
-	_, err = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`INSERT INTO deployments (id, service_id, version, commit_hash, status, created_at, updated_at)
-		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, 'pending', NOW(), NOW())`,
-		deploymentID, env.ServiceID, promotionVersion, env.BranchName,
-	)
+	err = q.InsertPendingDeployment(ctx, sqlcdb.InsertPendingDeploymentParams{
+		ID:         deploymentID,
+		ServiceID:  env.ServiceID,
+		Version:    promotionVersion,
+		CommitHash: sql.NullString{String: env.BranchName, Valid: true},
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to create promotion deployment"})
 		return
@@ -628,18 +625,14 @@ func handlePromotePreviewEnvironment(c *gin.Context) {
 	if env.PreviewServiceID != nil {
 		if engineValue, exists := c.Get("deployment_engine"); exists && engineValue != nil {
 			if engine, ok := engineValue.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine); ok {
-				removeServiceRuntime(c.Request.Context(), db.(*database.DB), engine, *env.PreviewServiceID)
+				removeServiceRuntime(ctx, db.(*database.DB), engine, *env.PreviewServiceID)
 			}
 		}
-		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(`DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1`, *env.PreviewServiceID)
+		_ = q.DeleteServiceByID(ctx, *env.PreviewServiceID)
 	}
 
-	if _, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`UPDATE preview_environments
-		 SET status = 'stopped', updated_at = NOW()
-		 WHERE id = $1`,
-		env.ID,
-	); err != nil {
+	if err := q.MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatusParams{
+		Status: "stopped", ID: env.ID}); err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to update preview environment status"})
 		return
 	}
@@ -682,28 +675,27 @@ func handleCleanupExpiredPreviewEnvironments(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB)
+	uid, _ := uuid.Parse(fmt.Sprint(userID))
+
 	// Find expired preview environments for user's projects
-	rows, err := db.(*database.DB).Query(
-		`SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.preview_service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.environment
-			FROM preview_environments pe
-			JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
-			WHERE (p.owner_id = $1 OR $2::bool) AND pe.expires_at < NOW() AND pe.status != 'expired'`,
-		userID, contextIsAdmin(c),
-	)
+	rows, err := q.ListExpiredPreviewsForUser(ctx, sqlcdb.ListExpiredPreviewsForUserParams{
+		OwnerID: uid, Column2: contextIsAdmin(c)})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to find expired preview environments"})
 		return
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
 
-	var expiredEnvs []PreviewEnvironment
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var env PreviewEnvironment
-		err := rows.Scan(
-			&env.ID, &env.ProjectID, &env.ServiceID, &env.PreviewServiceID, &env.BranchName, &env.Environment,
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			continue
+	expiredEnvs := make([]PreviewEnvironment, 0, len(rows))
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		env := PreviewEnvironment{
+			ID: r.ID, ProjectID: r.ProjectID, ServiceID: r.ServiceID,
+			BranchName: r.BranchName, Environment: r.Environment,
+		}
+		if r.PreviewServiceID.Valid {
+			id := r.PreviewServiceID.UUID
+			env.PreviewServiceID = &id
 		}
 		expiredEnvs = append(expiredEnvs, env)
 	}
@@ -711,20 +703,17 @@ func handleCleanupExpiredPreviewEnvironments(c *gin.Context) {
 	// Mark expired environments as expired and tear down their clones
 	cleanupCount := 0
 	for _, env := range expiredEnvs {
-		_, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-			"UPDATE preview_environments SET status = 'expired', updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1",
-			env.ID,
-		)
-		if err != nil {
+		if err := q.MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatusParams{
+			Status: "expired", ID: env.ID}); err != nil {
 			continue
 		}
 		if env.PreviewServiceID != nil {
 			if engineValue, exists := c.Get("deployment_engine"); exists && engineValue != nil {
 				if engine, ok := engineValue.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine); ok {
-					removeServiceRuntime(c.Request.Context(), db.(*database.DB), engine, *env.PreviewServiceID)
+					removeServiceRuntime(ctx, db.(*database.DB), engine, *env.PreviewServiceID)
 				}
 			}
-			_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(`DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1`, *env.PreviewServiceID)
+			_ = q.DeleteServiceByID(ctx, *env.PreviewServiceID)
 		}
 		cleanupCount++
 	}
@@ -754,15 +743,13 @@ func resolvePreviewHost(db *database.DB, cloneID uuid.UUID, envName string) stri
 	if label == "" {
 		return ""
 	}
-	var nodeID sql.NullString
-	var spread bool
-	if err := db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT node_id, COALESCE(spread, false) FROM services WHERE id = $1`, cloneID,
-	).Scan(&nodeID, &spread); err != nil {
-		return ""
-	}
 	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
 	ctx := context.Background()
+	brief, err := q.GetServicePlacementBrief(ctx, cloneID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	nodeID, spread := brief.NodeID, brief.Spread
 	var base string
 	switch {
 	case nodeID.Valid && nodeID.String != "":
@@ -788,31 +775,27 @@ func resolvePreviewHost(db *database.DB, cloneID uuid.UUID, envName string) stri
 
 // loadServiceForDeploy hydrates the Service fields runDeploymentAndSync
 // needs — mirrors the loader in handleDeployService.
+func serviceForDeployFromRow(r sqlcdb.GetServiceForDeployRow) Service {
+	return Service{
+		ID: r.ID, ProjectID: r.ProjectID, Name: r.Name, Type: r.Type.String,
+		Status: r.Status.String, Image: r.Image.String, Command: r.Command.String,
+		Environment: r.Environment.String, GitRepo: r.GitRepo.String,
+		GitBranch: r.GitBranch.String, BuildPath: r.BuildPath.String,
+		CPU: r.Cpu.String, Memory: r.Memory.String,
+		Replicas: int(r.Replicas), Port: int(r.Port), Domain: r.Domain,
+		HealthCheckPath: r.HealthcheckPath, RestartPolicy: r.RestartPolicy,
+		Builder: r.Builder, CPUReserve: r.CpuReserve, MemoryReserve: r.MemoryReserve,
+		StaticBuildCmd: r.StaticBuildCmd, StaticDir: r.StaticDir,
+		CreatedAt: r.CreatedAt.Time, UpdatedAt: r.UpdatedAt.Time,
+	}
+}
+
 func loadServiceForDeploy(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) (Service, error) {
-	var service Service
-	err := db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name, s.type, s.status, s.image, s.command,
-		        s.environment, s.git_repo, s.git_branch, s.build_path, s.cpu, s.memory,
-		        COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
-		        COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
-		        COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
-		        s.created_at, s.updated_at
-		 FROM services s
-		 WHERE s.id = $1`,
-		serviceID,
-	).Scan(
-		&service.ID, &service.ProjectID, &service.Name, &service.Type, &service.Status,
-		&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
-		&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
-		&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
-		&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
-		&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt,
-	)
-	return service, err
+	r, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetServiceForDeploy(context.Background(), serviceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Service{}, err
+	}
+	return serviceForDeployFromRow(r), nil
 }
 
 // StartPreviewSweeper expires preview environments past their TTL — tears
@@ -838,54 +821,27 @@ func StartPreviewSweeper(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, engine *deploymen
 
 // sweepExpiredPreviews retires previews whose TTL elapsed.
 func sweepExpiredPreviews(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine) {
-	rows, err := db.QueryContext(ctx,
-		`SELECT id, preview_service_id FROM preview_environments
-		 WHERE expires_at < NOW() AND status NOT IN ('expired', 'stopped')`)
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	rows, err := q.ListSweepablePreviews(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 	var ids []uuid.UUID
-	var clones []uuid.UUID
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var id uuid.UUID
-		var cloneID *uuid.UUID
-		if err := rows.Scan(&id, &cloneID); err == nil {
-			ids = append(ids, id)
-			if cloneID != nil {
-				clones = append(clones, *cloneID)
-			}
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		ids = append(ids, r.ID)
+		if r.PreviewServiceID.Valid {
+			removeServiceRuntime(ctx, db, engine, r.PreviewServiceID.UUID)
+			_ = q.DeleteServiceByID(ctx, r.PreviewServiceID.UUID)
 		}
 	}
-	rows.Close()
-	for _, cloneID := range clones {
-		removeServiceRuntime(ctx, db, engine, cloneID)
-		_, _ = db.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1`, cloneID)
-	}
 	for _, id := range ids {
-		_, _ = db.ExecContext(ctx,
-			`UPDATE preview_environments SET status = 'expired', updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1`, id)
+		_ = q.MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatusParams{
+			Status: "expired", ID: id})
 	}
 }
 
 // syncPreviewStatuses folds the clone's live service status into the
 // preview row so list/detail endpoints reflect the real deploy state.
 func syncPreviewStatuses(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB) {
-	_, _ = db.ExecContext(ctx, `
-		UPDATE preview_environments pe
-		SET status = derived.st, updated_at = NOW()
-		FROM (
-			SELECT pe2.id,
-				CASE
-					WHEN s.status IN ('running', 'deployed') THEN 'running'
-					WHEN s.status IN ('failed', 'error') THEN 'failed'
-					WHEN s.status IN ('building', 'deploying', 'queued', 'pending', 'cloning') THEN 'building'
-					ELSE pe2.status
-				END AS st
-			FROM preview_environments pe2
-			JOIN services s ON pe2.preview_service_id = s.id
-		) derived
-		WHERE pe.id = derived.id
-		  AND pe.status IN ('building', 'running', 'failed')
-		  AND pe.status <> derived.st
-	`)
+	_ = sqlcdb.New(db.DB).SyncPreviewStatuses(ctx)
 }

app/backend/internal/api/runtime.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package api
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"database/sql"
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"regexp"
@@ -10,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
 	"containr/internal/deployment"
 	"containr/internal/deployqueue"
 	"containr/internal/secrets"
@@ -22,22 +24,17 @@ import (
 // service — covers pinned placements, spread replicas, and leftovers from a
 // since-cleared pin.
 func remoteAgentsForService(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) []string {
-	rows, err := db.Query(
-		`SELECT DISTINCT node_agent_id FROM container_instances WHERE service_id = $1`,
-		serviceID,
-	)
+	ids, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).ListNodeAgentsForService(ctx, serviceID.String())
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
-	var ids []string
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var id string
-		if rows.Scan(&id) == nil && id != "" {
-			ids = append(ids, id)
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(ids))
+	for _, id := range ids {
+		if id != "" {
+			out = append(out, id)
 		}
 	}
-	return ids
+	return out
 }
 
 // serviceLifecycle routes a start/stop/restart action to every agent holding
@@ -99,7 +96,9 @@ func serviceRuntimeSpec(db *database.DB, service Service) (deployment.RuntimeSpe
 	// Best effort: reuse the host port from the last live deployment so the
 	// public URL survives restarts. Column exists post-migration; older DBs
 	// silently get ephemeral ports.
-	_ = db.QueryRow(`SELECT published_port FROM services WHERE id = $1`, service.ID).Scan(&spec.PublishedPort)
+	if p, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetServicePublishedPort(context.Background(), service.ID); err == nil {
+		spec.PublishedPort = p
+	}
 	if cmd := strings.TrimSpace(service.Command); cmd != "" {
 		spec.Command = strings.Fields(cmd)
 	}
@@ -137,42 +136,23 @@ var refVarPattern = regexp.MustCompile(`\$\{\{\s*([A-Za-z0-9_-]+)\.([A-Za-z_][A-
 // secrets) and expands ${{service.KEY}} references. KEY may be a variable on
 // the referenced service, or the builtins HOST (service name alias) and PORT.
 func resolveServiceEnv(db *database.DB, service Service) (map[string]string, error) {
-	rows, err := db.Query(
-		`SELECT key, value FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1`,
-		service.ID,
-	)
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	vars, err := q.ListServiceVariableValues(context.Background(), service.ID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
 
 	env := map[string]string{}
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var k, v string
-		if err := rows.Scan(&k, &v); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		env[k] = secrets.Decrypt(v)
+	for _, v := range vars {
+		env[v.Key] = secrets.Decrypt(v.Value)
 	}
 
-	var refServices []struct{ ID, Name string }
-	svcRows, err := db.Query(
-		`SELECT id, name FROM services WHERE project_id = $1`,
-		service.ProjectID,
-	)
+	refServices, err := q.ListProjectServiceRefs(context.Background(), service.ProjectID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	defer svcRows.Close()
-	for svcRows.Next() {
-		var s struct{ ID, Name string }
-		if err := svcRows.Scan(&s.ID, &s.Name); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		refServices = append(refServices, s)
-	}
 
-	byName := map[string]string{}
+	byName := map[string]uuid.UUID{}
 	for _, s := range refServices {
 		byName[strings.ToLower(s.Name)] = s.ID
 	}
@@ -189,17 +169,15 @@ func resolveServiceEnv(db *database.DB, service Service) (map[string]string, err
 		case "HOST":
 			return serviceName, true
 		case "PORT":
-			var port int
-			if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT COALESCE(port, 0) FROM services WHERE id = $1`, id).Scan(&port); err == nil && port > 0 {
-				return strconv.Itoa(port), true
+			if port, err := q.GetServicePort(context.Background(), id); err == nil && port > 0 {
+				return strconv.Itoa(int(port)), true
 			}
 			return "", false
 		}
-		var value string
-		err := db.QueryRow(
-			`SELECT value FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1 AND key = $2`,
-			id, key,
-		).Scan(&value)
+		value, err := q.GetServiceVariableValue(context.Background(), sqlcdb.GetServiceVariableValueParams{
+			ServiceID: id,
+			Key:       key,
+		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return "", false
 		}
@@ -272,6 +250,15 @@ func parseMemoryLimit(mem string) int64 {
 	return 0
 }
 
+// setServiceStatusNow writes the stored status with a fresh updated_at.
+func setServiceStatusNow(db *database.DB, id uuid.UUID, status string) {
+	_ = sqlcdb.New(db.DB).SetServiceStatus(context.Background(), sqlcdb.SetServiceStatusParams{
+		Status:    sql.NullString{String: status, Valid: true},
+		UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+		ID:        id,
+	})
+}
+
 func getRuntimeEngine(c *gin.Context) (*deployment.DeploymentEngine, *database.DB, bool) {
 	dbValue, exists := c.Get("db")
 	if !exists {
@@ -286,6 +273,22 @@ func getRuntimeEngine(c *gin.Context) (*deployment.DeploymentEngine, *database.D
 	return engineValue.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine), dbValue.(*database.DB), true
 }
 
+// serviceFromRuntimeRow maps the sqlc runtime row (with legacy-column
+// fallbacks applied in SQL) onto the API Service model.
+func serviceFromRuntimeRow(r sqlcdb.GetServiceRuntimeWithOwnerRow) Service {
+	return Service{
+		ID: r.ID, ProjectID: r.ProjectID, Name: r.Name, Type: r.Type,
+		Status: r.Status, Image: r.Image, Command: r.Command,
+		Environment: r.Environment, GitRepo: r.GitRepo, GitBranch: r.GitBranch,
+		BuildPath: r.BuildPath, CPU: r.Cpu, Memory: r.Memory,
+		Replicas: int(r.Replicas), Port: int(r.Port), Domain: r.Domain,
+		HealthCheckPath: r.HealthcheckPath, RestartPolicy: r.RestartPolicy,
+		Builder: r.Builder, CPUReserve: r.CpuReserve,
+		MemoryReserve: r.MemoryReserve, StaticBuildCmd: r.StaticBuildCmd,
+		StaticDir: r.StaticDir, CreatedAt: r.CreatedAt.Time, UpdatedAt: r.UpdatedAt.Time,
+	}
+}
+
 func loadOwnedService(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB) (Service, bool) {
 	serviceID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
 	if err != nil {
@@ -298,43 +301,16 @@ func loadOwnedService(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB) (Service, bool) {
 		return Service{}, false
 	}
 
-	var service Service
-	var owner string
-	err = db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name,
-		        COALESCE(s.type, s.service_type, ''), COALESCE(s.status, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.image, s.image_name, ''), COALESCE(s.command, s.start_command, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.environment, ''), COALESCE(s.git_repo, s.source_url, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.git_branch, ''), COALESCE(s.build_path, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.cpu, ''), COALESCE(s.memory, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
-		        COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
-		        COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
-		        s.created_at, s.updated_at, p.owner_id
-		 FROM services s JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
-		 WHERE s.id = $1`,
-		serviceID,
-	).Scan(
-		&service.ID, &service.ProjectID, &service.Name, &service.Type, &service.Status,
-		&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
-		&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
-		&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
-		&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
-		&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt, &owner,
-	)
+	row, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetServiceRuntimeWithOwner(context.Background(), serviceID)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Service not found"})
 		return Service{}, false
 	}
-	if owner != userID.(string) && !isAdminUser(db, userID.(string)) {
+	if row.OwnerID.String() != userID.(string) && !isAdminUser(db, userID.(string)) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
 		return Service{}, false
 	}
-	return service, true
+	return serviceFromRuntimeRow(row), true
 }
 
 // loadReadableService loads a service when the caller may read its project:
@@ -346,39 +322,13 @@ func loadReadableService(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB) (Service, bool) {
 		return Service{}, false
 	}
 
-	var service Service
-	var projectID uuid.UUID
-	err = db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name,
-		        COALESCE(s.type, s.service_type, ''), COALESCE(s.status, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.image, s.image_name, ''), COALESCE(s.command, s.start_command, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.environment, ''), COALESCE(s.git_repo, s.source_url, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.git_branch, ''), COALESCE(s.build_path, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.cpu, ''), COALESCE(s.memory, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
-		        COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
-		        COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
-		        s.created_at, s.updated_at, s.project_id
-		 FROM services s
-		 WHERE s.id = $1`,
-		serviceID,
-	).Scan(
-		&service.ID, &service.ProjectID, &service.Name, &service.Type, &service.Status,
-		&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
-		&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
-		&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
-		&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
-		&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt, &projectID,
-	)
+	row, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetServiceRuntimeWithOwner(context.Background(), serviceID)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Service not found"})
 		return Service{}, false
 	}
-	if _, allowed := projectReadAccess(c, db, projectID); !allowed {
+	service := serviceFromRuntimeRow(row)
+	if _, allowed := projectReadAccess(c, db, service.ProjectID); !allowed {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Service not found"})
 		return Service{}, false
 	}
@@ -429,7 +379,7 @@ func reconcileNow(c *gin.Context, engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine, db *datab
 		status = state.Status
 		persistPublishedPort(db, service.ID, state.Ports)
 	}
-	_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET status = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`, status, time.Now(), service.ID)
+	setServiceStatusNow(db, service.ID, status)
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"runtime": state})
 	return true
 }
@@ -448,7 +398,7 @@ func handleServiceStart(c *gin.Context) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 		return
 	}
-	_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET status = 'running', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`, time.Now(), service.ID)
+	setServiceStatusNow(db, service.ID, "running")
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "running"})
 }
 
@@ -466,7 +416,7 @@ func handleServiceStop(c *gin.Context) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 		return
 	}
-	_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET status = 'stopped', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`, time.Now(), service.ID)
+	setServiceStatusNow(db, service.ID, "stopped")
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "stopped"})
 }
 
@@ -485,7 +435,7 @@ func handleServiceRestart(c *gin.Context) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 		return
 	}
-	_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET status = 'running', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`, time.Now(), service.ID)
+	setServiceStatusNow(db, service.ID, "running")
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "running"})
 }
 
@@ -505,12 +455,8 @@ func handleServiceRedeploy(c *gin.Context) {
 	image := service.Image
 	if image == "" {
 		// Git-sourced service: reuse the last successful deployment image.
-		err := db.QueryRow(
-			`SELECT image_name || ':' || image_tag FROM deployments
-			 WHERE service_id = $1 AND status = 'deployed' AND image_name <> ''
-			 ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1`,
-			service.ID,
-		).Scan(&image)
+		var err error
+		image, err = sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetLastDeployedImage(context.Background(), service.ID)
 		if err != nil {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "No deployable image yet — run a deployment first"})
 			return
@@ -556,7 +502,7 @@ func reconcileServiceJob(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, engine *deploymen
 		if state.Status != "" {
 			status = state.Status
 		}
-		_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET status = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`, status, time.Now(), service.ID)
+		setServiceStatusNow(db, service.ID, status)
 	}
 	return state, nil
 }
@@ -575,12 +521,9 @@ func enqueueServiceRedeploy(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB, service Service) bo
 	}
 	image := service.Image
 	if image == "" {
-		if err := db.QueryRow(
-			`SELECT image_name || ':' || image_tag FROM deployments
-			 WHERE service_id = $1 AND status = 'deployed' AND image_name <> ''
-			 ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1`,
-			service.ID,
-		).Scan(&image); err != nil {
+		var err error
+		image, err = sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetLastDeployedImage(context.Background(), service.ID)
+		if err != nil {
 			return false
 		}
 	}
@@ -628,10 +571,10 @@ func persistPublishedPort(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID, ports []uint16)
 	if len(ports) == 0 {
 		return
 	}
-	_, _ = db.Exec(
-		`UPDATE services SET published_port = $1 WHERE id = $2 AND published_port <> $1`,
-		int(ports[0]), serviceID,
-	)
+	_ = sqlcdb.New(db.DB).SetServicePublishedPort(context.Background(), sqlcdb.SetServicePublishedPortParams{
+		PublishedPort: int32(ports[0]),
+		ID:            serviceID,
+	})
 }
 
 // liveServiceStatus reconciles the stored status with real container state.
@@ -654,7 +597,7 @@ func liveServiceStatus(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB, service *Service) {
 	}
 	if state.Status != service.Status {
 		service.Status = state.Status
-		_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET status = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`, state.Status, time.Now(), service.ID)
+		setServiceStatusNow(db, service.ID, state.Status)
 	}
 	persistPublishedPort(db, service.ID, state.Ports)
 	if service.Domain != "" {
@@ -676,44 +619,22 @@ func runtimeScaleService(c *gin.Context, serviceID string, replicas int) error {
 		return fmt.Errorf("runtime unavailable")
 	}
 
-	var service Service
-	var owner string
-	err := db.QueryRow(
-		`SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name,
-		        COALESCE(s.type, s.service_type, ''), COALESCE(s.status, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.image, s.image_name, ''), COALESCE(s.command, s.start_command, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.environment, ''), COALESCE(s.git_repo, s.source_url, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.git_branch, ''), COALESCE(s.build_path, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.cpu, ''), COALESCE(s.memory, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
-		        COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
-		        COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
-		        COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
-		        s.created_at, s.updated_at, p.owner_id
-		 FROM services s JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
-		 WHERE s.id = $1`, serviceID,
-	).Scan(
-		&service.ID, &service.ProjectID, &service.Name, &service.Type, &service.Status,
-		&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
-		&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
-		&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
-		&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
-		&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt, &owner,
-	)
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	sid, err := uuid.Parse(serviceID)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	row, err := q.GetServiceRuntimeWithOwner(context.Background(), sid)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	service := serviceFromRuntimeRow(row)
 	if service.Image == "" {
-		if err := db.QueryRow(
-			`SELECT image_name || ':' || image_tag FROM deployments
-			 WHERE service_id = $1 AND status = 'deployed' AND image_name <> ''
-			 ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1`, service.ID,
-		).Scan(&service.Image); err != nil {
+		image, err := q.GetLastDeployedImage(context.Background(), service.ID)
+		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("no deployed image to scale")
 		}
+		service.Image = image
 	}
 
 	spec, err := serviceRuntimeSpec(db, service)
@@ -731,7 +652,11 @@ func runtimeScaleService(c *gin.Context, serviceID string, replicas int) error {
 	if state != nil {
 		persistPublishedPort(db, service.ID, state.Ports)
 	}
-	_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET replicas = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`, replicas, time.Now(), service.ID)
+	_ = q.SetServiceReplicas(context.Background(), sqlcdb.SetServiceReplicasParams{
+		Replicas:  int32(replicas),
+		UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+		ID:        service.ID,
+	})
 	return nil
 }
 
@@ -750,47 +675,34 @@ func handleServiceEnvCheck(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	rows, err := db.Query(
-		`SELECT key, value, COALESCE(is_secret, false) FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1`,
-		service.ID,
-	)
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	vars, err := q.ListServiceVariablesWithSecret(context.Background(), service.ID)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 		return
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
 
 	var unresolved, empty, unreadable []string
 	var raw []struct{ key, val string }
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var k, v string
-		var secret bool
-		if err := rows.Scan(&k, &v, &secret); err != nil {
-			continue
-		}
-		decrypted := secrets.Decrypt(v)
-		if secret && secrets.IsEncrypted(v) && decrypted == v {
+	for _, v := range vars {
+		decrypted := secrets.Decrypt(v.Value)
+		if v.IsSecret && secrets.IsEncrypted(v.Value) && decrypted == v.Value {
 			// Ciphertext failed to decrypt — Decrypt returns the input.
-			unreadable = append(unreadable, k)
+			unreadable = append(unreadable, v.Key)
 			continue
 		}
 		if strings.TrimSpace(decrypted) == "" {
-			empty = append(empty, k)
+			empty = append(empty, v.Key)
 		}
-		raw = append(raw, struct{ key, val string }{k, decrypted})
+		raw = append(raw, struct{ key, val string }{v.Key, decrypted})
 	}
 
 	// Project siblings for ${{name.KEY}} resolution.
-	siblingIDs := map[string]string{}
-	svcRows, err := db.Query(`SELECT id, name FROM services WHERE project_id = $1`, service.ProjectID)
-	if err == nil {
-		for svcRows.Next() {
-			var id, name string
-			if err := svcRows.Scan(&id, &name); err == nil {
-				siblingIDs[strings.ToLower(name)] = id
-			}
+	siblingIDs := map[string]uuid.UUID{}
+	if refs, err := q.ListProjectServiceRefs(context.Background(), service.ProjectID); err == nil {
+		for _, s := range refs {
+			siblingIDs[strings.ToLower(s.Name)] = s.ID
 		}
-		svcRows.Close()
 	}
 
 	resolvable := func(serviceName, key string) bool {
@@ -802,20 +714,14 @@ func handleServiceEnvCheck(c *gin.Context) {
 			return true
 		}
 		if strings.EqualFold(key, "PORT") {
-			var port int
-			if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT COALESCE(port, 0) FROM services WHERE id = $1`, id).Scan(&port); err == nil {
-				return port > 0
-			}
-			return false
+			port, err := q.GetServicePort(context.Background(), id)
+			return err == nil && port > 0
 		}
-		var n int
-		if err := db.QueryRow(
-			`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1 AND key = $2`,
-			id, key,
-		).Scan(&n); err == nil {
-			return n > 0
-		}
-		return false
+		_, err := q.GetServiceVariableValue(context.Background(), sqlcdb.GetServiceVariableValueParams{
+			ServiceID: id,
+			Key:       key,
+		})
+		return err == nil
 	}
 
 	for _, kv := range raw {

app/backend/internal/api/service_ops.go

@@ -1,11 +1,14 @@
 package api
 
 import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
@@ -53,11 +56,8 @@ func handleCloneService(c *gin.Context) {
 	if name == "" {
 		name = source.Name + "-copy"
 	}
-	var count int
-	_ = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM services WHERE project_id = $1 AND name = $2`,
-		targetProjectID, name,
-	).Scan(&count)
+	count, _ := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB).CountServicesByName(
+		c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.CountServicesByNameParams{ProjectID: targetProjectID, Name: name})
 	if count > 0 {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": "Service name already exists in target project", "code": "CONFLICT"})
 		return
@@ -84,8 +84,11 @@ func handleCloneService(c *gin.Context) {
 // inherits the source's. Used by the clone endpoint and preview
 // environments, which additionally override git_branch and domains.
 func cloneServiceRow(db *database.DB, sourceID uuid.UUID, targetProjectID uuid.UUID, name, environment string) (uuid.UUID, error) {
-	var sourceEnv string
-	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT COALESCE(environment, '') FROM services WHERE id = $1`, sourceID).Scan(&sourceEnv); err != nil {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+
+	sourceEnv, err := q.GetServiceEnvironment(ctx, sourceID)
+	if err != nil {
 		return uuid.Nil, err
 	}
 	if environment == "" {
@@ -102,46 +105,31 @@ func cloneServiceRow(db *database.DB, sourceID uuid.UUID, targetProjectID uuid.U
 	maintenance, basicAuth := serviceAccess(db, sourceID)
 	newID := uuid.New()
 	now := time.Now()
-	// string() so pq sends text — []byte would go as bytea and fail ::jsonb.
-	volumesJSON := string(loadServiceVolumesJSON(db, sourceID))
 
-	_, err = db.Exec(
-		`INSERT INTO services
-			(id, project_id, name, environment_id, service_type, source_type, source_url, image_name,
-				 build_command, start_command, type, status, image, command, environment,
-				 git_repo, git_branch, build_path, cpu, memory, replicas, port, domain,
-				 healthcheck_path, restart_policy, volumes, maintenance_mode, basic_auth_users,
-				 builder, cpu_reserve, memory_reserve, static_build_cmd, static_dir,
-				 created_at, updated_at)
-			SELECT $1, $2, $3, $4, service_type, source_type, source_url, image_name,
-				 build_command, start_command, type, 'stopped', image, command, $5,
-				 git_repo, git_branch, build_path, cpu, memory, replicas, port, domain,
-				 healthcheck_path, restart_policy, $6::jsonb, $7, $8,
-				 builder, cpu_reserve, memory_reserve, static_build_cmd, static_dir,
-				 $9, $9
-			FROM services WHERE id = $10`,
-		newID, targetProjectID, name, environmentID, environment, volumesJSON,
-		maintenance, basicAuth, now, sourceID,
-	)
+	err = q.CloneServiceRow(ctx, sqlcdb.CloneServiceRowParams{
+		ID:              newID,
+		ProjectID:       targetProjectID,
+		Name:            name,
+		EnvironmentID:   environmentID,
+		Environment:     sql.NullString{String: environment, Valid: true},
+		MaintenanceMode: maintenance,
+		BasicAuthUsers:  basicAuth,
+		CreatedAt:       sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
+		ID_2:            sourceID,
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return uuid.Nil, err
 	}
 
-	if _, err := db.Exec(
-		`INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type)
-		 SELECT $1, domain, is_default, cert_type FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $2`,
-		newID, sourceID,
-	); err != nil {
-		_, _ = db.Exec(`DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1`, newID)
+	if err := q.CloneServiceDomains(ctx, sqlcdb.CloneServiceDomainsParams{
+		ServiceID: newID, ServiceID_2: sourceID}); err != nil {
+		_ = q.DeleteServiceByID(ctx, newID)
 		return uuid.Nil, err
 	}
 	// Variable values are copied as stored — ciphertext stays ciphertext.
-	if _, err := db.Exec(
-		`INSERT INTO environment_variables (id, service_id, key, value, is_secret)
-		 SELECT gen_random_uuid(), $1, key, value, is_secret FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $2`,
-		newID, sourceID,
-	); err != nil {
-		_, _ = db.Exec(`DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1`, newID)
+	if err := q.CloneServiceVariables(ctx, sqlcdb.CloneServiceVariablesParams{
+		ServiceID: newID, ServiceID_2: sourceID}); err != nil {
+		_ = q.DeleteServiceByID(ctx, newID)
 		return uuid.Nil, err
 	}
 	return newID, nil
@@ -187,11 +175,8 @@ func handleMoveService(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	var count int
-	_ = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
-		`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM services WHERE project_id = $1 AND name = $2`,
-		req.ProjectID, service.Name,
-	).Scan(&count)
+	count, _ := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB).CountServicesByName(
+		c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.CountServicesByNameParams{ProjectID: req.ProjectID, Name: service.Name})
 	if count > 0 {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": "A service with this name already exists in the target project", "code": "CONFLICT"})
 		return
@@ -207,15 +192,18 @@ func handleMoveService(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	res, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
-		`UPDATE services SET project_id = $1, environment_id = $2, updated_at = $3 WHERE id = $4`,
-		req.ProjectID, environmentID, time.Now(), serviceID,
-	)
+	n, err := sqlcdb.New(db.(*database.DB).DB).MoveServiceProject(
+		c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.MoveServiceProjectParams{
+			ProjectID:     req.ProjectID,
+			EnvironmentID: environmentID,
+			UpdatedAt:     sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+			ID:            serviceID,
+		})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to move service"})
 		return
 	}
-	if n, _ := res.RowsAffected(); n == 0 {
+	if n == 0 {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Service not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
 		return
 	}
@@ -229,16 +217,10 @@ func ownsProject(db *database.DB, projectID uuid.UUID, userID string, isAdmin bo
 	if isAdmin {
 		return true
 	}
-	var owner string
-	err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT owner_id FROM projects WHERE id = $1`, projectID).Scan(&owner)
-	return err == nil && owner == userID
-}
-
-// loadServiceVolumesJSON returns the raw stored mounts for a verbatim copy.
-func loadServiceVolumesJSON(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) []byte {
-	var raw []byte
-	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT volumes FROM services WHERE id = $1`, serviceID).Scan(&raw); err != nil || len(raw) == 0 {
-		return []byte("[]")
+	uid, err := uuid.Parse(userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
 	}
-	return raw
+	owner, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetProjectOwner(context.Background(), projectID)
+	return err == nil && owner == uid
 }

app/backend/internal/database/sqlcdb/cron.sql.go

@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+// Code generated by sqlc. DO NOT EDIT.
+// versions:
+//   sqlc v1.31.1
+// source: cron.sql
+
+package sqlcdb
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+const deleteCronJob = `-- name: DeleteCronJob :exec
+DELETE FROM cron_jobs WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) DeleteCronJob(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, deleteCronJob, id)
+	return err
+}
+
+const finishCronExecution = `-- name: FinishCronExecution :exec
+UPDATE cron_executions SET finished_at = $1, status = $2, output = $3, error = $4 WHERE id = $5
+`
+
+type FinishCronExecutionParams struct {
+	FinishedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"finished_at"`
+	Status     sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	Output     sql.NullString `json:"output"`
+	Error      sql.NullString `json:"error"`
+	ID         uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) FinishCronExecution(ctx context.Context, arg FinishCronExecutionParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, finishCronExecution,
+		arg.FinishedAt,
+		arg.Status,
+		arg.Output,
+		arg.Error,
+		arg.ID,
+	)
+	return err
+}
+
+const getCronJob = `-- name: GetCronJob :one
+SELECT id, project_id, service_id, name, schedule, command, timezone,
+       enabled, last_run_at, next_run_at, last_status, last_output,
+       retention, created_at, updated_at
+FROM cron_jobs WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetCronJob(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (CronJob, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getCronJob, id)
+	var i CronJob
+	err := row.Scan(
+		&i.ID,
+		&i.ProjectID,
+		&i.ServiceID,
+		&i.Name,
+		&i.Schedule,
+		&i.Command,
+		&i.Timezone,
+		&i.Enabled,
+		&i.LastRunAt,
+		&i.NextRunAt,
+		&i.LastStatus,
+		&i.LastOutput,
+		&i.Retention,
+		&i.CreatedAt,
+		&i.UpdatedAt,
+	)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getCronJobForTrigger = `-- name: GetCronJobForTrigger :one
+SELECT cj.service_id, cj.command, cj.schedule, cj.timezone, cj.retention, p.owner_id
+FROM cron_jobs cj
+JOIN projects p ON cj.project_id = p.id
+WHERE cj.id = $1
+`
+
+type GetCronJobForTriggerRow struct {
+	ServiceID uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	Command   string         `json:"command"`
+	Schedule  string         `json:"schedule"`
+	Timezone  sql.NullString `json:"timezone"`
+	Retention sql.NullInt32  `json:"retention"`
+	OwnerID   uuid.UUID      `json:"owner_id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetCronJobForTrigger(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetCronJobForTriggerRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getCronJobForTrigger, id)
+	var i GetCronJobForTriggerRow
+	err := row.Scan(
+		&i.ServiceID,
+		&i.Command,
+		&i.Schedule,
+		&i.Timezone,
+		&i.Retention,
+		&i.OwnerID,
+	)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getCronJobOwner = `-- name: GetCronJobOwner :one
+SELECT p.owner_id FROM cron_jobs cj
+JOIN projects p ON cj.project_id = p.id
+WHERE cj.id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetCronJobOwner(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.UUID, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getCronJobOwner, id)
+	var owner_id uuid.UUID
+	err := row.Scan(&owner_id)
+	return owner_id, err
+}
+
+const getCronJobProjectID = `-- name: GetCronJobProjectID :one
+SELECT project_id FROM cron_jobs WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetCronJobProjectID(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.UUID, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getCronJobProjectID, id)
+	var project_id uuid.UUID
+	err := row.Scan(&project_id)
+	return project_id, err
+}
+
+const getCronOwnerViaService = `-- name: GetCronOwnerViaService :one
+SELECT p.owner_id FROM projects p
+JOIN services s ON s.project_id = p.id
+WHERE s.id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetCronOwnerViaService(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.UUID, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getCronOwnerViaService, id)
+	var owner_id uuid.UUID
+	err := row.Scan(&owner_id)
+	return owner_id, err
+}
+
+const insertCronExecution = `-- name: InsertCronExecution :exec
+INSERT INTO cron_executions (id, cron_job_id, started_at, status)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4)
+`
+
+type InsertCronExecutionParams struct {
+	ID        uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	CronJobID uuid.UUID      `json:"cron_job_id"`
+	StartedAt time.Time      `json:"started_at"`
+	Status    sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) InsertCronExecution(ctx context.Context, arg InsertCronExecutionParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, insertCronExecution,
+		arg.ID,
+		arg.CronJobID,
+		arg.StartedAt,
+		arg.Status,
+	)
+	return err
+}
+
+const insertCronJob = `-- name: InsertCronJob :exec
+INSERT INTO cron_jobs (id, project_id, service_id, name, schedule, command, timezone, enabled, next_run_at, retention, created_at, updated_at)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12)
+`
+
+type InsertCronJobParams struct {
+	ID        uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID uuid.UUID      `json:"project_id"`
+	ServiceID uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	Name      string         `json:"name"`
+	Schedule  string         `json:"schedule"`
+	Command   string         `json:"command"`
+	Timezone  sql.NullString `json:"timezone"`
+	Enabled   sql.NullBool   `json:"enabled"`
+	NextRunAt sql.NullTime   `json:"next_run_at"`
+	Retention sql.NullInt32  `json:"retention"`
+	CreatedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) InsertCronJob(ctx context.Context, arg InsertCronJobParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, insertCronJob,
+		arg.ID,
+		arg.ProjectID,
+		arg.ServiceID,
+		arg.Name,
+		arg.Schedule,
+		arg.Command,
+		arg.Timezone,
+		arg.Enabled,
+		arg.NextRunAt,
+		arg.Retention,
+		arg.CreatedAt,
+		arg.UpdatedAt,
+	)
+	return err
+}
+
+const listCronExecutions = `-- name: ListCronExecutions :many
+SELECT id, cron_job_id, started_at, finished_at, status, output, error
+FROM cron_executions
+WHERE cron_job_id = $1
+ORDER BY started_at DESC
+LIMIT 100
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) ListCronExecutions(ctx context.Context, cronJobID uuid.UUID) ([]CronExecution, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listCronExecutions, cronJobID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []CronExecution{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i CronExecution
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&i.ID,
+			&i.CronJobID,
+			&i.StartedAt,
+			&i.FinishedAt,
+			&i.Status,
+			&i.Output,
+			&i.Error,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const listDueCronJobs = `-- name: ListDueCronJobs :many
+SELECT id, project_id, service_id, name, schedule, command, timezone, enabled, retention
+FROM cron_jobs
+WHERE enabled = TRUE AND next_run_at IS NOT NULL AND next_run_at <= NOW()
+`
+
+type ListDueCronJobsRow struct {
+	ID        uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID uuid.UUID      `json:"project_id"`
+	ServiceID uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	Name      string         `json:"name"`
+	Schedule  string         `json:"schedule"`
+	Command   string         `json:"command"`
+	Timezone  sql.NullString `json:"timezone"`
+	Enabled   sql.NullBool   `json:"enabled"`
+	Retention sql.NullInt32  `json:"retention"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ListDueCronJobs(ctx context.Context) ([]ListDueCronJobsRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listDueCronJobs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ListDueCronJobsRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ListDueCronJobsRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&i.ID,
+			&i.ProjectID,
+			&i.ServiceID,
+			&i.Name,
+			&i.Schedule,
+			&i.Command,
+			&i.Timezone,
+			&i.Enabled,
+			&i.Retention,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const trimCronExecutions = `-- name: TrimCronExecutions :exec
+DELETE FROM cron_executions WHERE cron_executions.cron_job_id = $1 AND cron_executions.id NOT IN (
+    SELECT ce.id FROM cron_executions ce WHERE ce.cron_job_id = $1
+    ORDER BY ce.started_at DESC LIMIT $2)
+`
+
+type TrimCronExecutionsParams struct {
+	CronJobID uuid.UUID `json:"cron_job_id"`
+	Limit     int32     `json:"limit"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) TrimCronExecutions(ctx context.Context, arg TrimCronExecutionsParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, trimCronExecutions, arg.CronJobID, arg.Limit)
+	return err
+}
+
+const updateCronJobRun = `-- name: UpdateCronJobRun :exec
+UPDATE cron_jobs SET last_run_at = $1, last_status = $2, last_output = $3, next_run_at = $4 WHERE id = $5
+`
+
+type UpdateCronJobRunParams struct {
+	LastRunAt  sql.NullTime   `json:"last_run_at"`
+	LastStatus sql.NullString `json:"last_status"`
+	LastOutput sql.NullString `json:"last_output"`
+	NextRunAt  sql.NullTime   `json:"next_run_at"`
+	ID         uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) UpdateCronJobRun(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateCronJobRunParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, updateCronJobRun,
+		arg.LastRunAt,
+		arg.LastStatus,
+		arg.LastOutput,
+		arg.NextRunAt,
+		arg.ID,
+	)
+	return err
+}

app/backend/internal/database/sqlcdb/deployments.sql.go

@@ -0,0 +1,536 @@
+// Code generated by sqlc. DO NOT EDIT.
+// versions:
+//   sqlc v1.31.1
+// source: deployments.sql
+
+package sqlcdb
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+const completeDeployment = `-- name: CompleteDeployment :exec
+UPDATE deployments
+SET status = $1, error = $2, completed_at = $3, updated_at = $3
+WHERE id = $4
+`
+
+type CompleteDeploymentParams struct {
+	Status      sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	Error       sql.NullString `json:"error"`
+	CompletedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"completed_at"`
+	ID          uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) CompleteDeployment(ctx context.Context, arg CompleteDeploymentParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, completeDeployment,
+		arg.Status,
+		arg.Error,
+		arg.CompletedAt,
+		arg.ID,
+	)
+	return err
+}
+
+const countAccessibleDeployments = `-- name: CountAccessibleDeployments :one
+SELECT COUNT(*)
+FROM deployments d
+JOIN services s ON s.id = d.service_id
+JOIN projects p ON p.id = s.project_id
+WHERE p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1 OR $2::bool
+   OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1)
+`
+
+type CountAccessibleDeploymentsParams struct {
+	OwnerID uuid.UUID `json:"owner_id"`
+	Column2 bool      `json:"column_2"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) CountAccessibleDeployments(ctx context.Context, arg CountAccessibleDeploymentsParams) (int64, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, countAccessibleDeployments, arg.OwnerID, arg.Column2)
+	var count int64
+	err := row.Scan(&count)
+	return count, err
+}
+
+const countDeploymentsForService = `-- name: CountDeploymentsForService :one
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM deployments WHERE service_id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) CountDeploymentsForService(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) (int64, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, countDeploymentsForService, serviceID)
+	var count int64
+	err := row.Scan(&count)
+	return count, err
+}
+
+const failDeployment = `-- name: FailDeployment :exec
+UPDATE deployments
+SET status = 'failed', error = $1, completed_at = $2, updated_at = $2
+WHERE id = $3
+`
+
+type FailDeploymentParams struct {
+	Error       sql.NullString `json:"error"`
+	CompletedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"completed_at"`
+	ID          uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) FailDeployment(ctx context.Context, arg FailDeploymentParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, failDeployment, arg.Error, arg.CompletedAt, arg.ID)
+	return err
+}
+
+const getDeploymentAccess = `-- name: GetDeploymentAccess :one
+SELECT d.status, d.service_id, p.owner_id
+FROM deployments d
+JOIN services s ON d.service_id = s.id
+JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+WHERE d.id = $1
+`
+
+type GetDeploymentAccessRow struct {
+	Status    sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	ServiceID uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	OwnerID   uuid.UUID      `json:"owner_id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetDeploymentAccess(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetDeploymentAccessRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getDeploymentAccess, id)
+	var i GetDeploymentAccessRow
+	err := row.Scan(&i.Status, &i.ServiceID, &i.OwnerID)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getDeploymentForRollback = `-- name: GetDeploymentForRollback :one
+SELECT d.id, d.service_id, d.commit_hash, d.status, d.image_name, d.image_tag,
+       d.build_log, d.runtime_log, d.error, d.started_at, d.completed_at,
+       d.created_at, d.updated_at, p.owner_id
+FROM deployments d
+JOIN services s ON d.service_id = s.id
+JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+WHERE d.id = $1
+`
+
+type GetDeploymentForRollbackRow struct {
+	ID          uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ServiceID   uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	CommitHash  sql.NullString `json:"commit_hash"`
+	Status      sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	ImageName   sql.NullString `json:"image_name"`
+	ImageTag    sql.NullString `json:"image_tag"`
+	BuildLog    sql.NullString `json:"build_log"`
+	RuntimeLog  sql.NullString `json:"runtime_log"`
+	Error       sql.NullString `json:"error"`
+	StartedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"started_at"`
+	CompletedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"completed_at"`
+	CreatedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+	OwnerID     uuid.UUID      `json:"owner_id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetDeploymentForRollback(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetDeploymentForRollbackRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getDeploymentForRollback, id)
+	var i GetDeploymentForRollbackRow
+	err := row.Scan(
+		&i.ID,
+		&i.ServiceID,
+		&i.CommitHash,
+		&i.Status,
+		&i.ImageName,
+		&i.ImageTag,
+		&i.BuildLog,
+		&i.RuntimeLog,
+		&i.Error,
+		&i.StartedAt,
+		&i.CompletedAt,
+		&i.CreatedAt,
+		&i.UpdatedAt,
+		&i.OwnerID,
+	)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getDeploymentWithProject = `-- name: GetDeploymentWithProject :one
+SELECT d.id, d.service_id, d.commit_hash, d.status, d.image_name, d.image_tag,
+       d.build_log, d.runtime_log, d.error, d.started_at, d.completed_at,
+       d.created_at, d.updated_at, p.id AS project_id
+FROM deployments d
+JOIN services s ON d.service_id = s.id
+JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+WHERE d.id = $1
+`
+
+type GetDeploymentWithProjectRow struct {
+	ID          uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ServiceID   uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	CommitHash  sql.NullString `json:"commit_hash"`
+	Status      sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	ImageName   sql.NullString `json:"image_name"`
+	ImageTag    sql.NullString `json:"image_tag"`
+	BuildLog    sql.NullString `json:"build_log"`
+	RuntimeLog  sql.NullString `json:"runtime_log"`
+	Error       sql.NullString `json:"error"`
+	StartedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"started_at"`
+	CompletedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"completed_at"`
+	CreatedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+	ProjectID   uuid.UUID      `json:"project_id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetDeploymentWithProject(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetDeploymentWithProjectRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getDeploymentWithProject, id)
+	var i GetDeploymentWithProjectRow
+	err := row.Scan(
+		&i.ID,
+		&i.ServiceID,
+		&i.CommitHash,
+		&i.Status,
+		&i.ImageName,
+		&i.ImageTag,
+		&i.BuildLog,
+		&i.RuntimeLog,
+		&i.Error,
+		&i.StartedAt,
+		&i.CompletedAt,
+		&i.CreatedAt,
+		&i.UpdatedAt,
+		&i.ProjectID,
+	)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getServiceForDeployWithOwner = `-- name: GetServiceForDeployWithOwner :one
+SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name, s.type, s.status, s.image, s.command,
+       s.environment, s.git_repo, s.git_branch, s.build_path, s.cpu, s.memory,
+       COALESCE(s.replicas, 1) AS replicas, COALESCE(s.port, 0) AS port,
+       COALESCE(s.domain, '') AS domain, COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, '') AS healthcheck_path,
+       COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped') AS restart_policy,
+       COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto') AS builder, COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, '') AS cpu_reserve,
+       COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, '') AS memory_reserve, COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, '') AS static_build_cmd,
+       COALESCE(s.static_dir, '') AS static_dir,
+       s.created_at, s.updated_at, p.owner_id
+FROM services s
+JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+WHERE s.id = $1
+`
+
+type GetServiceForDeployWithOwnerRow struct {
+	ID              uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID       uuid.UUID      `json:"project_id"`
+	Name            string         `json:"name"`
+	Type            sql.NullString `json:"type"`
+	Status          sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	Image           sql.NullString `json:"image"`
+	Command         sql.NullString `json:"command"`
+	Environment     sql.NullString `json:"environment"`
+	GitRepo         sql.NullString `json:"git_repo"`
+	GitBranch       sql.NullString `json:"git_branch"`
+	BuildPath       sql.NullString `json:"build_path"`
+	Cpu             sql.NullString `json:"cpu"`
+	Memory          sql.NullString `json:"memory"`
+	Replicas        int32          `json:"replicas"`
+	Port            int32          `json:"port"`
+	Domain          string         `json:"domain"`
+	HealthcheckPath string         `json:"healthcheck_path"`
+	RestartPolicy   string         `json:"restart_policy"`
+	Builder         string         `json:"builder"`
+	CpuReserve      string         `json:"cpu_reserve"`
+	MemoryReserve   string         `json:"memory_reserve"`
+	StaticBuildCmd  string         `json:"static_build_cmd"`
+	StaticDir       string         `json:"static_dir"`
+	CreatedAt       sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt       sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+	OwnerID         uuid.UUID      `json:"owner_id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetServiceForDeployWithOwner(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetServiceForDeployWithOwnerRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getServiceForDeployWithOwner, id)
+	var i GetServiceForDeployWithOwnerRow
+	err := row.Scan(
+		&i.ID,
+		&i.ProjectID,
+		&i.Name,
+		&i.Type,
+		&i.Status,
+		&i.Image,
+		&i.Command,
+		&i.Environment,
+		&i.GitRepo,
+		&i.GitBranch,
+		&i.BuildPath,
+		&i.Cpu,
+		&i.Memory,
+		&i.Replicas,
+		&i.Port,
+		&i.Domain,
+		&i.HealthcheckPath,
+		&i.RestartPolicy,
+		&i.Builder,
+		&i.CpuReserve,
+		&i.MemoryReserve,
+		&i.StaticBuildCmd,
+		&i.StaticDir,
+		&i.CreatedAt,
+		&i.UpdatedAt,
+		&i.OwnerID,
+	)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getServicePublishedPort = `-- name: GetServicePublishedPort :one
+SELECT published_port FROM services WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetServicePublishedPort(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (int32, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getServicePublishedPort, id)
+	var published_port int32
+	err := row.Scan(&published_port)
+	return published_port, err
+}
+
+const insertDeployment = `-- name: InsertDeployment :exec
+INSERT INTO deployments
+    (id, service_id, version, commit_hash, status, image_name, image_tag, created_at, updated_at)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9)
+`
+
+type InsertDeploymentParams struct {
+	ID         uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ServiceID  uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	Version    string         `json:"version"`
+	CommitHash sql.NullString `json:"commit_hash"`
+	Status     sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	ImageName  sql.NullString `json:"image_name"`
+	ImageTag   sql.NullString `json:"image_tag"`
+	CreatedAt  sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt  sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) InsertDeployment(ctx context.Context, arg InsertDeploymentParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, insertDeployment,
+		arg.ID,
+		arg.ServiceID,
+		arg.Version,
+		arg.CommitHash,
+		arg.Status,
+		arg.ImageName,
+		arg.ImageTag,
+		arg.CreatedAt,
+		arg.UpdatedAt,
+	)
+	return err
+}
+
+const listDeploymentsForService = `-- name: ListDeploymentsForService :many
+SELECT id, service_id, commit_hash, status, image_name, image_tag,
+       build_log, runtime_log, error, started_at, completed_at, created_at, updated_at
+FROM deployments
+WHERE service_id = $1
+ORDER BY created_at DESC
+LIMIT $2 OFFSET $3
+`
+
+type ListDeploymentsForServiceParams struct {
+	ServiceID uuid.UUID `json:"service_id"`
+	Limit     int32     `json:"limit"`
+	Offset    int32     `json:"offset"`
+}
+
+type ListDeploymentsForServiceRow struct {
+	ID          uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ServiceID   uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	CommitHash  sql.NullString `json:"commit_hash"`
+	Status      sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	ImageName   sql.NullString `json:"image_name"`
+	ImageTag    sql.NullString `json:"image_tag"`
+	BuildLog    sql.NullString `json:"build_log"`
+	RuntimeLog  sql.NullString `json:"runtime_log"`
+	Error       sql.NullString `json:"error"`
+	StartedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"started_at"`
+	CompletedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"completed_at"`
+	CreatedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ListDeploymentsForService(ctx context.Context, arg ListDeploymentsForServiceParams) ([]ListDeploymentsForServiceRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listDeploymentsForService, arg.ServiceID, arg.Limit, arg.Offset)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ListDeploymentsForServiceRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ListDeploymentsForServiceRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&i.ID,
+			&i.ServiceID,
+			&i.CommitHash,
+			&i.Status,
+			&i.ImageName,
+			&i.ImageTag,
+			&i.BuildLog,
+			&i.RuntimeLog,
+			&i.Error,
+			&i.StartedAt,
+			&i.CompletedAt,
+			&i.CreatedAt,
+			&i.UpdatedAt,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const listRecentAccessibleDeployments = `-- name: ListRecentAccessibleDeployments :many
+SELECT d.id, d.service_id, s.name AS service_name, p.name AS project_name, d.status,
+       COALESCE(d.image_name, '') AS image_name, d.started_at, d.completed_at, d.created_at
+FROM deployments d
+JOIN services s ON s.id = d.service_id
+JOIN projects p ON p.id = s.project_id
+WHERE p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1 OR $2::bool
+   OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1)
+ORDER BY d.created_at DESC
+LIMIT $3 OFFSET $4
+`
+
+type ListRecentAccessibleDeploymentsParams struct {
+	OwnerID uuid.UUID `json:"owner_id"`
+	Column2 bool      `json:"column_2"`
+	Limit   int32     `json:"limit"`
+	Offset  int32     `json:"offset"`
+}
+
+type ListRecentAccessibleDeploymentsRow struct {
+	ID          uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ServiceID   uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	ServiceName string         `json:"service_name"`
+	ProjectName string         `json:"project_name"`
+	Status      sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	ImageName   string         `json:"image_name"`
+	StartedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"started_at"`
+	CompletedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"completed_at"`
+	CreatedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ListRecentAccessibleDeployments(ctx context.Context, arg ListRecentAccessibleDeploymentsParams) ([]ListRecentAccessibleDeploymentsRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listRecentAccessibleDeployments,
+		arg.OwnerID,
+		arg.Column2,
+		arg.Limit,
+		arg.Offset,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ListRecentAccessibleDeploymentsRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ListRecentAccessibleDeploymentsRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&i.ID,
+			&i.ServiceID,
+			&i.ServiceName,
+			&i.ProjectName,
+			&i.Status,
+			&i.ImageName,
+			&i.StartedAt,
+			&i.CompletedAt,
+			&i.CreatedAt,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const setDeploymentStatus = `-- name: SetDeploymentStatus :exec
+UPDATE deployments SET status = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3
+`
+
+type SetDeploymentStatusParams struct {
+	Status    sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	UpdatedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+	ID        uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) SetDeploymentStatus(ctx context.Context, arg SetDeploymentStatusParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, setDeploymentStatus, arg.Status, arg.UpdatedAt, arg.ID)
+	return err
+}
+
+const setServiceStatus = `-- name: SetServiceStatus :exec
+UPDATE services SET status = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3
+`
+
+type SetServiceStatusParams struct {
+	Status    sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	UpdatedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+	ID        uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) SetServiceStatus(ctx context.Context, arg SetServiceStatusParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, setServiceStatus, arg.Status, arg.UpdatedAt, arg.ID)
+	return err
+}
+
+const syncDeploymentProgress = `-- name: SyncDeploymentProgress :exec
+UPDATE deployments
+SET status = $1,
+    image_name = $2,
+    image_tag = $3,
+    build_log = $4,
+    runtime_log = $5,
+    error = $6,
+    started_at = $7,
+    completed_at = $8,
+    updated_at = $9
+WHERE id = $10
+`
+
+type SyncDeploymentProgressParams struct {
+	Status      sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	ImageName   sql.NullString `json:"image_name"`
+	ImageTag    sql.NullString `json:"image_tag"`
+	BuildLog    sql.NullString `json:"build_log"`
+	RuntimeLog  sql.NullString `json:"runtime_log"`
+	Error       sql.NullString `json:"error"`
+	StartedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"started_at"`
+	CompletedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"completed_at"`
+	UpdatedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+	ID          uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) SyncDeploymentProgress(ctx context.Context, arg SyncDeploymentProgressParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, syncDeploymentProgress,
+		arg.Status,
+		arg.ImageName,
+		arg.ImageTag,
+		arg.BuildLog,
+		arg.RuntimeLog,
+		arg.Error,
+		arg.StartedAt,
+		arg.CompletedAt,
+		arg.UpdatedAt,
+		arg.ID,
+	)
+	return err
+}

app/backend/internal/database/sqlcdb/domains.sql.go

@@ -0,0 +1,242 @@
+// Code generated by sqlc. DO NOT EDIT.
+// versions:
+//   sqlc v1.31.1
+// source: domains.sql
+
+package sqlcdb
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+const clearServiceDomainDefault = `-- name: ClearServiceDomainDefault :exec
+UPDATE service_domains SET is_default = false WHERE service_id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) ClearServiceDomainDefault(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, clearServiceDomainDefault, serviceID)
+	return err
+}
+
+const countServiceDomains = `-- name: CountServiceDomains :one
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) CountServiceDomains(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) (int64, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, countServiceDomains, serviceID)
+	var count int64
+	err := row.Scan(&count)
+	return count, err
+}
+
+const createServiceDomain = `-- name: CreateServiceDomain :one
+INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
+RETURNING id, service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type, cert_status, created_at
+`
+
+type CreateServiceDomainParams struct {
+	ServiceID uuid.UUID `json:"service_id"`
+	Domain    string    `json:"domain"`
+	IsDefault bool      `json:"is_default"`
+}
+
+type CreateServiceDomainRow struct {
+	ID         uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	ServiceID  uuid.UUID `json:"service_id"`
+	Domain     string    `json:"domain"`
+	IsDefault  bool      `json:"is_default"`
+	CertType   string    `json:"cert_type"`
+	CertStatus string    `json:"cert_status"`
+	CreatedAt  time.Time `json:"created_at"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) CreateServiceDomain(ctx context.Context, arg CreateServiceDomainParams) (CreateServiceDomainRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, createServiceDomain, arg.ServiceID, arg.Domain, arg.IsDefault)
+	var i CreateServiceDomainRow
+	err := row.Scan(
+		&i.ID,
+		&i.ServiceID,
+		&i.Domain,
+		&i.IsDefault,
+		&i.CertType,
+		&i.CertStatus,
+		&i.CreatedAt,
+	)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const deleteServiceDomain = `-- name: DeleteServiceDomain :execrows
+DELETE FROM service_domains WHERE id = $1 AND service_id = $2
+`
+
+type DeleteServiceDomainParams struct {
+	ID        uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	ServiceID uuid.UUID `json:"service_id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) DeleteServiceDomain(ctx context.Context, arg DeleteServiceDomainParams) (int64, error) {
+	result, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, deleteServiceDomain, arg.ID, arg.ServiceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return result.RowsAffected()
+}
+
+const getServiceAccess = `-- name: GetServiceAccess :one
+SELECT maintenance_mode, basic_auth_users FROM services WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+type GetServiceAccessRow struct {
+	MaintenanceMode bool   `json:"maintenance_mode"`
+	BasicAuthUsers  string `json:"basic_auth_users"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetServiceAccess(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetServiceAccessRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getServiceAccess, id)
+	var i GetServiceAccessRow
+	err := row.Scan(&i.MaintenanceMode, &i.BasicAuthUsers)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getServiceDomainDefault = `-- name: GetServiceDomainDefault :one
+SELECT domain FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1 AND is_default
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetServiceDomainDefault(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) (string, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getServiceDomainDefault, serviceID)
+	var domain string
+	err := row.Scan(&domain)
+	return domain, err
+}
+
+const getServiceDomainFirst = `-- name: GetServiceDomainFirst :one
+SELECT domain FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1 ORDER BY created_at ASC LIMIT 1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetServiceDomainFirst(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) (string, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getServiceDomainFirst, serviceID)
+	var domain string
+	err := row.Scan(&domain)
+	return domain, err
+}
+
+const getServicePlacementBrief = `-- name: GetServicePlacementBrief :one
+SELECT name, node_id, COALESCE(spread, false) AS spread FROM services WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+type GetServicePlacementBriefRow struct {
+	Name   string         `json:"name"`
+	NodeID sql.NullString `json:"node_id"`
+	Spread bool           `json:"spread"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetServicePlacementBrief(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetServicePlacementBriefRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getServicePlacementBrief, id)
+	var i GetServicePlacementBriefRow
+	err := row.Scan(&i.Name, &i.NodeID, &i.Spread)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const listServiceDomains = `-- name: ListServiceDomains :many
+SELECT id, service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type, cert_status, last_checked_at, created_at
+FROM service_domains
+WHERE service_id = $1
+ORDER BY is_default DESC, created_at ASC
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) ListServiceDomains(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) ([]ServiceDomain, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listServiceDomains, serviceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ServiceDomain{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ServiceDomain
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&i.ID,
+			&i.ServiceID,
+			&i.Domain,
+			&i.IsDefault,
+			&i.CertType,
+			&i.CertStatus,
+			&i.LastCheckedAt,
+			&i.CreatedAt,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const serviceWriteAccess = `-- name: ServiceWriteAccess :one
+SELECT EXISTS(
+    SELECT 1 FROM services s JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+    WHERE s.id = $1 AND (p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool)
+) AS allowed
+`
+
+type ServiceWriteAccessParams struct {
+	ID      uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	OwnerID uuid.UUID `json:"owner_id"`
+	Column3 bool      `json:"column_3"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ServiceWriteAccess(ctx context.Context, arg ServiceWriteAccessParams) (bool, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, serviceWriteAccess, arg.ID, arg.OwnerID, arg.Column3)
+	var allowed bool
+	err := row.Scan(&allowed)
+	return allowed, err
+}
+
+const setServiceDomainDefault = `-- name: SetServiceDomainDefault :execrows
+UPDATE service_domains SET is_default = (id = $1) WHERE service_id = $2
+`
+
+type SetServiceDomainDefaultParams struct {
+	ID        uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	ServiceID uuid.UUID `json:"service_id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) SetServiceDomainDefault(ctx context.Context, arg SetServiceDomainDefaultParams) (int64, error) {
+	result, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, setServiceDomainDefault, arg.ID, arg.ServiceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return result.RowsAffected()
+}
+
+const setServiceLegacyDomain = `-- name: SetServiceLegacyDomain :exec
+UPDATE services SET domain = $1 WHERE id = $2
+`
+
+type SetServiceLegacyDomainParams struct {
+	Domain string    `json:"domain"`
+	ID     uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) SetServiceLegacyDomain(ctx context.Context, arg SetServiceLegacyDomainParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, setServiceLegacyDomain, arg.Domain, arg.ID)
+	return err
+}
+
+const touchServiceDomainChecked = `-- name: TouchServiceDomainChecked :exec
+UPDATE service_domains SET last_checked_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) TouchServiceDomainChecked(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, touchServiceDomainChecked, id)
+	return err
+}

app/backend/internal/database/sqlcdb/metrics.sql.go

@@ -0,0 +1,623 @@
+// Code generated by sqlc. DO NOT EDIT.
+// versions:
+//   sqlc v1.31.1
+// source: metrics.sql
+
+package sqlcdb
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"time"
+)
+
+const aggregateNodeMetrics = `-- name: AggregateNodeMetrics :many
+SELECT date_bin($1::interval, timestamp, '2000-01-01'::timestamptz) AS bucket,
+       AVG(cpu_usage)::float8 AS avg_cpu,
+       AVG(memory_usage_percent)::float8 AS avg_memory,
+       AVG(storage_usage_percent)::float8 AS avg_storage
+FROM node_metrics
+WHERE node_id = $2 AND timestamp BETWEEN $3 AND $4
+GROUP BY bucket
+ORDER BY bucket ASC
+`
+
+type AggregateNodeMetricsParams struct {
+	Column1     int64     `json:"column_1"`
+	NodeID      string    `json:"node_id"`
+	Timestamp   time.Time `json:"timestamp"`
+	Timestamp_2 time.Time `json:"timestamp_2"`
+}
+
+type AggregateNodeMetricsRow struct {
+	Bucket     interface{} `json:"bucket"`
+	AvgCpu     float64     `json:"avg_cpu"`
+	AvgMemory  float64     `json:"avg_memory"`
+	AvgStorage float64     `json:"avg_storage"`
+}
+
+// Portable bucket bucketing (no TimescaleDB): floor epoch seconds into
+// bucket-sized buckets, then back to timestamptz.
+func (q *Queries) AggregateNodeMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg AggregateNodeMetricsParams) ([]AggregateNodeMetricsRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, aggregateNodeMetrics,
+		arg.Column1,
+		arg.NodeID,
+		arg.Timestamp,
+		arg.Timestamp_2,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []AggregateNodeMetricsRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i AggregateNodeMetricsRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&i.Bucket,
+			&i.AvgCpu,
+			&i.AvgMemory,
+			&i.AvgStorage,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const listInstanceMetrics = `-- name: ListInstanceMetrics :many
+SELECT instance_id, node_id, status, cpu, memory,
+       network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out,
+       network_connections_in, network_connections_out, network_errors_in, network_errors_out,
+       start_time, last_seen, health_status, health_last_check, health_check_count, health_failure_count
+FROM instance_metrics
+WHERE service_id = $1 AND timestamp = $2
+`
+
+type ListInstanceMetricsParams struct {
+	ServiceID string    `json:"service_id"`
+	Timestamp time.Time `json:"timestamp"`
+}
+
+type ListInstanceMetricsRow struct {
+	InstanceID            string         `json:"instance_id"`
+	NodeID                sql.NullString `json:"node_id"`
+	Status                sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	Cpu                   sql.NullString `json:"cpu"`
+	Memory                sql.NullInt64  `json:"memory"`
+	NetworkBytesIn        sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_bytes_in"`
+	NetworkBytesOut       sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_bytes_out"`
+	NetworkPacketsIn      sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_packets_in"`
+	NetworkPacketsOut     sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_packets_out"`
+	NetworkConnectionsIn  sql.NullInt32  `json:"network_connections_in"`
+	NetworkConnectionsOut sql.NullInt32  `json:"network_connections_out"`
+	NetworkErrorsIn       sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_errors_in"`
+	NetworkErrorsOut      sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_errors_out"`
+	StartTime             sql.NullTime   `json:"start_time"`
+	LastSeen              sql.NullTime   `json:"last_seen"`
+	HealthStatus          sql.NullString `json:"health_status"`
+	HealthLastCheck       sql.NullTime   `json:"health_last_check"`
+	HealthCheckCount      sql.NullInt32  `json:"health_check_count"`
+	HealthFailureCount    sql.NullInt32  `json:"health_failure_count"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ListInstanceMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg ListInstanceMetricsParams) ([]ListInstanceMetricsRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listInstanceMetrics, arg.ServiceID, arg.Timestamp)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ListInstanceMetricsRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ListInstanceMetricsRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&i.InstanceID,
+			&i.NodeID,
+			&i.Status,
+			&i.Cpu,
+			&i.Memory,
+			&i.NetworkBytesIn,
+			&i.NetworkBytesOut,
+			&i.NetworkPacketsIn,
+			&i.NetworkPacketsOut,
+			&i.NetworkConnectionsIn,
+			&i.NetworkConnectionsOut,
+			&i.NetworkErrorsIn,
+			&i.NetworkErrorsOut,
+			&i.StartTime,
+			&i.LastSeen,
+			&i.HealthStatus,
+			&i.HealthLastCheck,
+			&i.HealthCheckCount,
+			&i.HealthFailureCount,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const listNodeMetrics = `-- name: ListNodeMetrics :many
+SELECT node_id, timestamp, cpu_usage, cpu_cores, load_avg_1, load_avg_5, load_avg_15,
+       memory_total, memory_used, memory_available, memory_usage_percent,
+       storage_total, storage_used, storage_available, storage_usage_percent,
+       network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out,
+       network_connections_in, network_connections_out, network_errors_in, network_errors_out,
+       coalesce(extract(epoch from uptime), 0)::bigint AS uptime_seconds,
+       processes, os, kernel, architecture
+FROM node_metrics
+WHERE node_id = $1 AND timestamp BETWEEN $2 AND $3
+ORDER BY timestamp ASC
+`
+
+type ListNodeMetricsParams struct {
+	NodeID      string    `json:"node_id"`
+	Timestamp   time.Time `json:"timestamp"`
+	Timestamp_2 time.Time `json:"timestamp_2"`
+}
+
+type ListNodeMetricsRow struct {
+	NodeID                string         `json:"node_id"`
+	Timestamp             time.Time      `json:"timestamp"`
+	CpuUsage              sql.NullString `json:"cpu_usage"`
+	CpuCores              sql.NullString `json:"cpu_cores"`
+	LoadAvg1              sql.NullString `json:"load_avg_1"`
+	LoadAvg5              sql.NullString `json:"load_avg_5"`
+	LoadAvg15             sql.NullString `json:"load_avg_15"`
+	MemoryTotal           sql.NullInt64  `json:"memory_total"`
+	MemoryUsed            sql.NullInt64  `json:"memory_used"`
+	MemoryAvailable       sql.NullInt64  `json:"memory_available"`
+	MemoryUsagePercent    sql.NullString `json:"memory_usage_percent"`
+	StorageTotal          sql.NullInt64  `json:"storage_total"`
+	StorageUsed           sql.NullInt64  `json:"storage_used"`
+	StorageAvailable      sql.NullInt64  `json:"storage_available"`
+	StorageUsagePercent   sql.NullString `json:"storage_usage_percent"`
+	NetworkBytesIn        sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_bytes_in"`
+	NetworkBytesOut       sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_bytes_out"`
+	NetworkPacketsIn      sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_packets_in"`
+	NetworkPacketsOut     sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_packets_out"`
+	NetworkConnectionsIn  sql.NullInt32  `json:"network_connections_in"`
+	NetworkConnectionsOut sql.NullInt32  `json:"network_connections_out"`
+	NetworkErrorsIn       sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_errors_in"`
+	NetworkErrorsOut      sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_errors_out"`
+	UptimeSeconds         int64          `json:"uptime_seconds"`
+	Processes             sql.NullInt32  `json:"processes"`
+	Os                    sql.NullString `json:"os"`
+	Kernel                sql.NullString `json:"kernel"`
+	Architecture          sql.NullString `json:"architecture"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ListNodeMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg ListNodeMetricsParams) ([]ListNodeMetricsRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listNodeMetrics, arg.NodeID, arg.Timestamp, arg.Timestamp_2)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ListNodeMetricsRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ListNodeMetricsRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&i.NodeID,
+			&i.Timestamp,
+			&i.CpuUsage,
+			&i.CpuCores,
+			&i.LoadAvg1,
+			&i.LoadAvg5,
+			&i.LoadAvg15,
+			&i.MemoryTotal,
+			&i.MemoryUsed,
+			&i.MemoryAvailable,
+			&i.MemoryUsagePercent,
+			&i.StorageTotal,
+			&i.StorageUsed,
+			&i.StorageAvailable,
+			&i.StorageUsagePercent,
+			&i.NetworkBytesIn,
+			&i.NetworkBytesOut,
+			&i.NetworkPacketsIn,
+			&i.NetworkPacketsOut,
+			&i.NetworkConnectionsIn,
+			&i.NetworkConnectionsOut,
+			&i.NetworkErrorsIn,
+			&i.NetworkErrorsOut,
+			&i.UptimeSeconds,
+			&i.Processes,
+			&i.Os,
+			&i.Kernel,
+			&i.Architecture,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const listServiceMetrics = `-- name: ListServiceMetrics :many
+SELECT service_id, service_name, project_id, timestamp,
+       requests_total, requests_success, requests_errors, requests_avg_latency,
+       requests_p95_latency, requests_p99_latency, requests_throughput,
+       errors_total, errors_rate, performance_response_time, performance_throughput,
+       performance_concurrency, performance_saturation, performance_utilization,
+       resource_cpu_usage, resource_memory_usage, resource_storage_usage,
+       resource_network_usage, resource_score
+FROM service_metrics
+WHERE service_id = $1 AND timestamp BETWEEN $2 AND $3
+ORDER BY timestamp ASC
+`
+
+type ListServiceMetricsParams struct {
+	ServiceID   string    `json:"service_id"`
+	Timestamp   time.Time `json:"timestamp"`
+	Timestamp_2 time.Time `json:"timestamp_2"`
+}
+
+type ListServiceMetricsRow struct {
+	ServiceID               string         `json:"service_id"`
+	ServiceName             string         `json:"service_name"`
+	ProjectID               string         `json:"project_id"`
+	Timestamp               time.Time      `json:"timestamp"`
+	RequestsTotal           sql.NullInt64  `json:"requests_total"`
+	RequestsSuccess         sql.NullInt64  `json:"requests_success"`
+	RequestsErrors          sql.NullInt64  `json:"requests_errors"`
+	RequestsAvgLatency      sql.NullString `json:"requests_avg_latency"`
+	RequestsP95Latency      sql.NullString `json:"requests_p95_latency"`
+	RequestsP99Latency      sql.NullString `json:"requests_p99_latency"`
+	RequestsThroughput      sql.NullString `json:"requests_throughput"`
+	ErrorsTotal             sql.NullInt64  `json:"errors_total"`
+	ErrorsRate              sql.NullString `json:"errors_rate"`
+	PerformanceResponseTime sql.NullString `json:"performance_response_time"`
+	PerformanceThroughput   sql.NullString `json:"performance_throughput"`
+	PerformanceConcurrency  sql.NullInt64  `json:"performance_concurrency"`
+	PerformanceSaturation   sql.NullString `json:"performance_saturation"`
+	PerformanceUtilization  sql.NullString `json:"performance_utilization"`
+	ResourceCpuUsage        sql.NullString `json:"resource_cpu_usage"`
+	ResourceMemoryUsage     sql.NullInt64  `json:"resource_memory_usage"`
+	ResourceStorageUsage    sql.NullInt64  `json:"resource_storage_usage"`
+	ResourceNetworkUsage    sql.NullInt64  `json:"resource_network_usage"`
+	ResourceScore           sql.NullString `json:"resource_score"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ListServiceMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg ListServiceMetricsParams) ([]ListServiceMetricsRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listServiceMetrics, arg.ServiceID, arg.Timestamp, arg.Timestamp_2)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ListServiceMetricsRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ListServiceMetricsRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&i.ServiceID,
+			&i.ServiceName,
+			&i.ProjectID,
+			&i.Timestamp,
+			&i.RequestsTotal,
+			&i.RequestsSuccess,
+			&i.RequestsErrors,
+			&i.RequestsAvgLatency,
+			&i.RequestsP95Latency,
+			&i.RequestsP99Latency,
+			&i.RequestsThroughput,
+			&i.ErrorsTotal,
+			&i.ErrorsRate,
+			&i.PerformanceResponseTime,
+			&i.PerformanceThroughput,
+			&i.PerformanceConcurrency,
+			&i.PerformanceSaturation,
+			&i.PerformanceUtilization,
+			&i.ResourceCpuUsage,
+			&i.ResourceMemoryUsage,
+			&i.ResourceStorageUsage,
+			&i.ResourceNetworkUsage,
+			&i.ResourceScore,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const upsertInstanceMetrics = `-- name: UpsertInstanceMetrics :exec
+INSERT INTO instance_metrics (
+    service_id, timestamp, instance_id, node_id, status, cpu, memory,
+    network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out,
+    network_connections_in, network_connections_out, network_errors_in, network_errors_out,
+    start_time, last_seen, health_status, health_last_check, health_check_count, health_failure_count
+) VALUES (
+    $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15,
+    $16, $17, $18, $19, $20, $21
+)
+ON CONFLICT (service_id, timestamp, instance_id) DO UPDATE SET
+    node_id = EXCLUDED.node_id,
+    status = EXCLUDED.status,
+    cpu = EXCLUDED.cpu,
+    memory = EXCLUDED.memory,
+    network_bytes_in = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_in,
+    network_bytes_out = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_out,
+    network_packets_in = EXCLUDED.network_packets_in,
+    network_packets_out = EXCLUDED.network_packets_out,
+    network_connections_in = EXCLUDED.network_connections_in,
+    network_connections_out = EXCLUDED.network_connections_out,
+    network_errors_in = EXCLUDED.network_errors_in,
+    network_errors_out = EXCLUDED.network_errors_out,
+    start_time = EXCLUDED.start_time,
+    last_seen = EXCLUDED.last_seen,
+    health_status = EXCLUDED.health_status,
+    health_last_check = EXCLUDED.health_last_check,
+    health_check_count = EXCLUDED.health_check_count,
+    health_failure_count = EXCLUDED.health_failure_count
+`
+
+type UpsertInstanceMetricsParams struct {
+	ServiceID             string         `json:"service_id"`
+	Timestamp             time.Time      `json:"timestamp"`
+	InstanceID            string         `json:"instance_id"`
+	NodeID                sql.NullString `json:"node_id"`
+	Status                sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	Cpu                   sql.NullString `json:"cpu"`
+	Memory                sql.NullInt64  `json:"memory"`
+	NetworkBytesIn        sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_bytes_in"`
+	NetworkBytesOut       sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_bytes_out"`
+	NetworkPacketsIn      sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_packets_in"`
+	NetworkPacketsOut     sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_packets_out"`
+	NetworkConnectionsIn  sql.NullInt32  `json:"network_connections_in"`
+	NetworkConnectionsOut sql.NullInt32  `json:"network_connections_out"`
+	NetworkErrorsIn       sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_errors_in"`
+	NetworkErrorsOut      sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_errors_out"`
+	StartTime             sql.NullTime   `json:"start_time"`
+	LastSeen              sql.NullTime   `json:"last_seen"`
+	HealthStatus          sql.NullString `json:"health_status"`
+	HealthLastCheck       sql.NullTime   `json:"health_last_check"`
+	HealthCheckCount      sql.NullInt32  `json:"health_check_count"`
+	HealthFailureCount    sql.NullInt32  `json:"health_failure_count"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) UpsertInstanceMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg UpsertInstanceMetricsParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, upsertInstanceMetrics,
+		arg.ServiceID,
+		arg.Timestamp,
+		arg.InstanceID,
+		arg.NodeID,
+		arg.Status,
+		arg.Cpu,
+		arg.Memory,
+		arg.NetworkBytesIn,
+		arg.NetworkBytesOut,
+		arg.NetworkPacketsIn,
+		arg.NetworkPacketsOut,
+		arg.NetworkConnectionsIn,
+		arg.NetworkConnectionsOut,
+		arg.NetworkErrorsIn,
+		arg.NetworkErrorsOut,
+		arg.StartTime,
+		arg.LastSeen,
+		arg.HealthStatus,
+		arg.HealthLastCheck,
+		arg.HealthCheckCount,
+		arg.HealthFailureCount,
+	)
+	return err
+}
+
+const upsertNodeMetrics = `-- name: UpsertNodeMetrics :exec
+INSERT INTO node_metrics (
+    node_id, timestamp, cpu_usage, cpu_cores, load_avg_1, load_avg_5, load_avg_15,
+    memory_total, memory_used, memory_available, memory_usage_percent,
+    storage_total, storage_used, storage_available, storage_usage_percent,
+    network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out,
+    network_connections_in, network_connections_out, network_errors_in, network_errors_out,
+    uptime, processes, os, kernel, architecture
+) VALUES (
+    $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15,
+    $16, $17, $18, $19, $20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26, $27, $28
+)
+ON CONFLICT (node_id, timestamp) DO UPDATE SET
+    cpu_usage = EXCLUDED.cpu_usage,
+    cpu_cores = EXCLUDED.cpu_cores,
+    load_avg_1 = EXCLUDED.load_avg_1,
+    load_avg_5 = EXCLUDED.load_avg_5,
+    load_avg_15 = EXCLUDED.load_avg_15,
+    memory_total = EXCLUDED.memory_total,
+    memory_used = EXCLUDED.memory_used,
+    memory_available = EXCLUDED.memory_available,
+    memory_usage_percent = EXCLUDED.memory_usage_percent,
+    storage_total = EXCLUDED.storage_total,
+    storage_used = EXCLUDED.storage_used,
+    storage_available = EXCLUDED.storage_available,
+    storage_usage_percent = EXCLUDED.storage_usage_percent,
+    network_bytes_in = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_in,
+    network_bytes_out = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_out,
+    network_packets_in = EXCLUDED.network_packets_in,
+    network_packets_out = EXCLUDED.network_packets_out,
+    network_connections_in = EXCLUDED.network_connections_in,
+    network_connections_out = EXCLUDED.network_connections_out,
+    network_errors_in = EXCLUDED.network_errors_in,
+    network_errors_out = EXCLUDED.network_errors_out,
+    uptime = EXCLUDED.uptime,
+    processes = EXCLUDED.processes,
+    os = EXCLUDED.os,
+    kernel = EXCLUDED.kernel,
+    architecture = EXCLUDED.architecture
+`
+
+type UpsertNodeMetricsParams struct {
+	NodeID                string         `json:"node_id"`
+	Timestamp             time.Time      `json:"timestamp"`
+	CpuUsage              sql.NullString `json:"cpu_usage"`
+	CpuCores              sql.NullString `json:"cpu_cores"`
+	LoadAvg1              sql.NullString `json:"load_avg_1"`
+	LoadAvg5              sql.NullString `json:"load_avg_5"`
+	LoadAvg15             sql.NullString `json:"load_avg_15"`
+	MemoryTotal           sql.NullInt64  `json:"memory_total"`
+	MemoryUsed            sql.NullInt64  `json:"memory_used"`
+	MemoryAvailable       sql.NullInt64  `json:"memory_available"`
+	MemoryUsagePercent    sql.NullString `json:"memory_usage_percent"`
+	StorageTotal          sql.NullInt64  `json:"storage_total"`
+	StorageUsed           sql.NullInt64  `json:"storage_used"`
+	StorageAvailable      sql.NullInt64  `json:"storage_available"`
+	StorageUsagePercent   sql.NullString `json:"storage_usage_percent"`
+	NetworkBytesIn        sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_bytes_in"`
+	NetworkBytesOut       sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_bytes_out"`
+	NetworkPacketsIn      sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_packets_in"`
+	NetworkPacketsOut     sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_packets_out"`
+	NetworkConnectionsIn  sql.NullInt32  `json:"network_connections_in"`
+	NetworkConnectionsOut sql.NullInt32  `json:"network_connections_out"`
+	NetworkErrorsIn       sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_errors_in"`
+	NetworkErrorsOut      sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_errors_out"`
+	Uptime                sql.NullInt64  `json:"uptime"`
+	Processes             sql.NullInt32  `json:"processes"`
+	Os                    sql.NullString `json:"os"`
+	Kernel                sql.NullString `json:"kernel"`
+	Architecture          sql.NullString `json:"architecture"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) UpsertNodeMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg UpsertNodeMetricsParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, upsertNodeMetrics,
+		arg.NodeID,
+		arg.Timestamp,
+		arg.CpuUsage,
+		arg.CpuCores,
+		arg.LoadAvg1,
+		arg.LoadAvg5,
+		arg.LoadAvg15,
+		arg.MemoryTotal,
+		arg.MemoryUsed,
+		arg.MemoryAvailable,
+		arg.MemoryUsagePercent,
+		arg.StorageTotal,
+		arg.StorageUsed,
+		arg.StorageAvailable,
+		arg.StorageUsagePercent,
+		arg.NetworkBytesIn,
+		arg.NetworkBytesOut,
+		arg.NetworkPacketsIn,
+		arg.NetworkPacketsOut,
+		arg.NetworkConnectionsIn,
+		arg.NetworkConnectionsOut,
+		arg.NetworkErrorsIn,
+		arg.NetworkErrorsOut,
+		arg.Uptime,
+		arg.Processes,
+		arg.Os,
+		arg.Kernel,
+		arg.Architecture,
+	)
+	return err
+}
+
+const upsertServiceMetrics = `-- name: UpsertServiceMetrics :exec
+INSERT INTO service_metrics (
+    service_id, service_name, project_id, timestamp,
+    requests_total, requests_success, requests_errors, requests_avg_latency,
+    requests_p95_latency, requests_p99_latency, requests_throughput,
+    errors_total, errors_rate, performance_response_time, performance_throughput,
+    performance_concurrency, performance_saturation, performance_utilization,
+    resource_cpu_usage, resource_memory_usage, resource_storage_usage,
+    resource_network_usage, resource_score
+) VALUES (
+    $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15,
+    $16, $17, $18, $19, $20, $21, $22, $23
+)
+ON CONFLICT (service_id, timestamp) DO UPDATE SET
+    requests_total = EXCLUDED.requests_total,
+    requests_success = EXCLUDED.requests_success,
+    requests_errors = EXCLUDED.requests_errors,
+    requests_avg_latency = EXCLUDED.requests_avg_latency,
+    requests_p95_latency = EXCLUDED.requests_p95_latency,
+    requests_p99_latency = EXCLUDED.requests_p99_latency,
+    requests_throughput = EXCLUDED.requests_throughput,
+    errors_total = EXCLUDED.errors_total,
+    errors_rate = EXCLUDED.errors_rate,
+    performance_response_time = EXCLUDED.performance_response_time,
+    performance_throughput = EXCLUDED.performance_throughput,
+    performance_concurrency = EXCLUDED.performance_concurrency,
+    performance_saturation = EXCLUDED.performance_saturation,
+    performance_utilization = EXCLUDED.performance_utilization,
+    resource_cpu_usage = EXCLUDED.resource_cpu_usage,
+    resource_memory_usage = EXCLUDED.resource_memory_usage,
+    resource_storage_usage = EXCLUDED.resource_storage_usage,
+    resource_network_usage = EXCLUDED.resource_network_usage,
+    resource_score = EXCLUDED.resource_score
+`
+
+type UpsertServiceMetricsParams struct {
+	ServiceID               string         `json:"service_id"`
+	ServiceName             string         `json:"service_name"`
+	ProjectID               string         `json:"project_id"`
+	Timestamp               time.Time      `json:"timestamp"`
+	RequestsTotal           sql.NullInt64  `json:"requests_total"`
+	RequestsSuccess         sql.NullInt64  `json:"requests_success"`
+	RequestsErrors          sql.NullInt64  `json:"requests_errors"`
+	RequestsAvgLatency      sql.NullString `json:"requests_avg_latency"`
+	RequestsP95Latency      sql.NullString `json:"requests_p95_latency"`
+	RequestsP99Latency      sql.NullString `json:"requests_p99_latency"`
+	RequestsThroughput      sql.NullString `json:"requests_throughput"`
+	ErrorsTotal             sql.NullInt64  `json:"errors_total"`
+	ErrorsRate              sql.NullString `json:"errors_rate"`
+	PerformanceResponseTime sql.NullString `json:"performance_response_time"`
+	PerformanceThroughput   sql.NullString `json:"performance_throughput"`
+	PerformanceConcurrency  sql.NullInt64  `json:"performance_concurrency"`
+	PerformanceSaturation   sql.NullString `json:"performance_saturation"`
+	PerformanceUtilization  sql.NullString `json:"performance_utilization"`
+	ResourceCpuUsage        sql.NullString `json:"resource_cpu_usage"`
+	ResourceMemoryUsage     sql.NullInt64  `json:"resource_memory_usage"`
+	ResourceStorageUsage    sql.NullInt64  `json:"resource_storage_usage"`
+	ResourceNetworkUsage    sql.NullInt64  `json:"resource_network_usage"`
+	ResourceScore           sql.NullString `json:"resource_score"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) UpsertServiceMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg UpsertServiceMetricsParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, upsertServiceMetrics,
+		arg.ServiceID,
+		arg.ServiceName,
+		arg.ProjectID,
+		arg.Timestamp,
+		arg.RequestsTotal,
+		arg.RequestsSuccess,
+		arg.RequestsErrors,
+		arg.RequestsAvgLatency,
+		arg.RequestsP95Latency,
+		arg.RequestsP99Latency,
+		arg.RequestsThroughput,
+		arg.ErrorsTotal,
+		arg.ErrorsRate,
+		arg.PerformanceResponseTime,
+		arg.PerformanceThroughput,
+		arg.PerformanceConcurrency,
+		arg.PerformanceSaturation,
+		arg.PerformanceUtilization,
+		arg.ResourceCpuUsage,
+		arg.ResourceMemoryUsage,
+		arg.ResourceStorageUsage,
+		arg.ResourceNetworkUsage,
+		arg.ResourceScore,
+	)
+	return err
+}

app/backend/internal/database/sqlcdb/models.go

@@ -98,6 +98,34 @@ type ContainerInstance struct {
 	UpdatedAt     sql.NullTime          `json:"updated_at"`
 }
 
+type CronExecution struct {
+	ID         uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	CronJobID  uuid.UUID      `json:"cron_job_id"`
+	StartedAt  time.Time      `json:"started_at"`
+	FinishedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"finished_at"`
+	Status     sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	Output     sql.NullString `json:"output"`
+	Error      sql.NullString `json:"error"`
+}
+
+type CronJob struct {
+	ID         uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID  uuid.UUID      `json:"project_id"`
+	ServiceID  uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	Name       string         `json:"name"`
+	Schedule   string         `json:"schedule"`
+	Command    string         `json:"command"`
+	Timezone   sql.NullString `json:"timezone"`
+	Enabled    sql.NullBool   `json:"enabled"`
+	LastRunAt  sql.NullTime   `json:"last_run_at"`
+	NextRunAt  sql.NullTime   `json:"next_run_at"`
+	LastStatus sql.NullString `json:"last_status"`
+	LastOutput sql.NullString `json:"last_output"`
+	Retention  sql.NullInt32  `json:"retention"`
+	CreatedAt  sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt  sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
 type DatabaseBackup struct {
 	ID          string         `json:"id"`
 	DatabaseID  string         `json:"database_id"`
@@ -136,11 +164,22 @@ type DatabaseService struct {
 }
 
 type Deployment struct {
-	ID        uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
-	ServiceID uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
-	Status    sql.NullString `json:"status"`
-	CreatedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
-	UpdatedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+	ID            uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ServiceID     uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	Version       string         `json:"version"`
+	CommitHash    sql.NullString `json:"commit_hash"`
+	ImageDigest   sql.NullString `json:"image_digest"`
+	Status        sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	BuildLog      sql.NullString `json:"build_log"`
+	DeploymentLog sql.NullString `json:"deployment_log"`
+	StartedAt     sql.NullTime   `json:"started_at"`
+	CompletedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"completed_at"`
+	CreatedAt     sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt     sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+	ImageName     sql.NullString `json:"image_name"`
+	ImageTag      sql.NullString `json:"image_tag"`
+	RuntimeLog    sql.NullString `json:"runtime_log"`
+	Error         sql.NullString `json:"error"`
 }
 
 type Environment struct {
@@ -161,6 +200,31 @@ type EnvironmentVariable struct {
 	UpdatedAt sql.NullTime `json:"updated_at"`
 }
 
+type InstanceMetric struct {
+	ServiceID             string         `json:"service_id"`
+	Timestamp             time.Time      `json:"timestamp"`
+	InstanceID            string         `json:"instance_id"`
+	NodeID                sql.NullString `json:"node_id"`
+	Status                sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	Cpu                   sql.NullString `json:"cpu"`
+	Memory                sql.NullInt64  `json:"memory"`
+	NetworkBytesIn        sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_bytes_in"`
+	NetworkBytesOut       sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_bytes_out"`
+	NetworkPacketsIn      sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_packets_in"`
+	NetworkPacketsOut     sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_packets_out"`
+	NetworkConnectionsIn  sql.NullInt32  `json:"network_connections_in"`
+	NetworkConnectionsOut sql.NullInt32  `json:"network_connections_out"`
+	NetworkErrorsIn       sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_errors_in"`
+	NetworkErrorsOut      sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_errors_out"`
+	StartTime             sql.NullTime   `json:"start_time"`
+	LastSeen              sql.NullTime   `json:"last_seen"`
+	HealthStatus          sql.NullString `json:"health_status"`
+	HealthLastCheck       sql.NullTime   `json:"health_last_check"`
+	HealthCheckCount      sql.NullInt32  `json:"health_check_count"`
+	HealthFailureCount    sql.NullInt32  `json:"health_failure_count"`
+	CreatedAt             sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+}
+
 type NodeAgent struct {
 	ID            string                `json:"id"`
 	Name          string                `json:"name"`
@@ -181,6 +245,38 @@ type NodeAgent struct {
 	DefaultDomain string                `json:"default_domain"`
 }
 
+type NodeMetric struct {
+	NodeID                string         `json:"node_id"`
+	Timestamp             time.Time      `json:"timestamp"`
+	CpuUsage              sql.NullString `json:"cpu_usage"`
+	CpuCores              sql.NullString `json:"cpu_cores"`
+	LoadAvg1              sql.NullString `json:"load_avg_1"`
+	LoadAvg5              sql.NullString `json:"load_avg_5"`
+	LoadAvg15             sql.NullString `json:"load_avg_15"`
+	MemoryTotal           sql.NullInt64  `json:"memory_total"`
+	MemoryUsed            sql.NullInt64  `json:"memory_used"`
+	MemoryAvailable       sql.NullInt64  `json:"memory_available"`
+	MemoryUsagePercent    sql.NullString `json:"memory_usage_percent"`
+	StorageTotal          sql.NullInt64  `json:"storage_total"`
+	StorageUsed           sql.NullInt64  `json:"storage_used"`
+	StorageAvailable      sql.NullInt64  `json:"storage_available"`
+	StorageUsagePercent   sql.NullString `json:"storage_usage_percent"`
+	NetworkBytesIn        sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_bytes_in"`
+	NetworkBytesOut       sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_bytes_out"`
+	NetworkPacketsIn      sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_packets_in"`
+	NetworkPacketsOut     sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_packets_out"`
+	NetworkConnectionsIn  sql.NullInt32  `json:"network_connections_in"`
+	NetworkConnectionsOut sql.NullInt32  `json:"network_connections_out"`
+	NetworkErrorsIn       sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_errors_in"`
+	NetworkErrorsOut      sql.NullInt64  `json:"network_errors_out"`
+	Uptime                sql.NullInt64  `json:"uptime"`
+	Processes             sql.NullInt32  `json:"processes"`
+	Os                    sql.NullString `json:"os"`
+	Kernel                sql.NullString `json:"kernel"`
+	Architecture          sql.NullString `json:"architecture"`
+	CreatedAt             sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+}
+
 type Notification struct {
 	ID           uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
 	UserID       uuid.UUID      `json:"user_id"`
@@ -217,6 +313,21 @@ type OutboundWebhook struct {
 	UpdatedAt sql.NullTime          `json:"updated_at"`
 }
 
+type PreviewEnvironment struct {
+	ID               uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID        uuid.UUID      `json:"project_id"`
+	ServiceID        uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	BranchName       string         `json:"branch_name"`
+	PrNumber         sql.NullInt32  `json:"pr_number"`
+	Environment      string         `json:"environment"`
+	Status           string         `json:"status"`
+	Url              sql.NullString `json:"url"`
+	ExpiresAt        time.Time      `json:"expires_at"`
+	CreatedAt        sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt        sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+	PreviewServiceID uuid.NullUUID  `json:"preview_service_id"`
+}
+
 type Project struct {
 	ID          uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
 	Name        string         `json:"name"`
@@ -305,6 +416,33 @@ type ServiceDomain struct {
 	CreatedAt     time.Time    `json:"created_at"`
 }
 
+type ServiceMetric struct {
+	ServiceID               string         `json:"service_id"`
+	ServiceName             string         `json:"service_name"`
+	ProjectID               string         `json:"project_id"`
+	Timestamp               time.Time      `json:"timestamp"`
+	RequestsTotal           sql.NullInt64  `json:"requests_total"`
+	RequestsSuccess         sql.NullInt64  `json:"requests_success"`
+	RequestsErrors          sql.NullInt64  `json:"requests_errors"`
+	RequestsAvgLatency      sql.NullString `json:"requests_avg_latency"`
+	RequestsP95Latency      sql.NullString `json:"requests_p95_latency"`
+	RequestsP99Latency      sql.NullString `json:"requests_p99_latency"`
+	RequestsThroughput      sql.NullString `json:"requests_throughput"`
+	ErrorsTotal             sql.NullInt64  `json:"errors_total"`
+	ErrorsRate              sql.NullString `json:"errors_rate"`
+	PerformanceResponseTime sql.NullString `json:"performance_response_time"`
+	PerformanceThroughput   sql.NullString `json:"performance_throughput"`
+	PerformanceConcurrency  sql.NullInt64  `json:"performance_concurrency"`
+	PerformanceSaturation   sql.NullString `json:"performance_saturation"`
+	PerformanceUtilization  sql.NullString `json:"performance_utilization"`
+	ResourceCpuUsage        sql.NullString `json:"resource_cpu_usage"`
+	ResourceMemoryUsage     sql.NullInt64  `json:"resource_memory_usage"`
+	ResourceStorageUsage    sql.NullInt64  `json:"resource_storage_usage"`
+	ResourceNetworkUsage    sql.NullInt64  `json:"resource_network_usage"`
+	ResourceScore           sql.NullString `json:"resource_score"`
+	CreatedAt               sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+}
+
 type ServiceTemplate struct {
 	ID          string                `json:"id"`
 	Name        string                `json:"name"`

app/backend/internal/database/sqlcdb/preview_environments.sql.go

@@ -0,0 +1,635 @@
+// Code generated by sqlc. DO NOT EDIT.
+// versions:
+//   sqlc v1.31.1
+// source: preview_environments.sql
+
+package sqlcdb
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+const countActivePreviewsForBranch = `-- name: CountActivePreviewsForBranch :one
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM preview_environments
+WHERE service_id = $1 AND branch_name = $2 AND status NOT IN ('expired', 'stopped')
+`
+
+type CountActivePreviewsForBranchParams struct {
+	ServiceID  uuid.UUID `json:"service_id"`
+	BranchName string    `json:"branch_name"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) CountActivePreviewsForBranch(ctx context.Context, arg CountActivePreviewsForBranchParams) (int64, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, countActivePreviewsForBranch, arg.ServiceID, arg.BranchName)
+	var count int64
+	err := row.Scan(&count)
+	return count, err
+}
+
+const createPreviewDomain = `-- name: CreatePreviewDomain :exec
+INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type) VALUES ($1, $2, true, 'tls')
+`
+
+type CreatePreviewDomainParams struct {
+	ServiceID uuid.UUID `json:"service_id"`
+	Domain    string    `json:"domain"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) CreatePreviewDomain(ctx context.Context, arg CreatePreviewDomainParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, createPreviewDomain, arg.ServiceID, arg.Domain)
+	return err
+}
+
+const createPreviewEnvironment = `-- name: CreatePreviewEnvironment :exec
+INSERT INTO preview_environments
+    (id, project_id, service_id, preview_service_id, branch_name, pr_number, environment,
+     status, url, expires_at, created_at, updated_at)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12)
+`
+
+type CreatePreviewEnvironmentParams struct {
+	ID               uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID        uuid.UUID      `json:"project_id"`
+	ServiceID        uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	PreviewServiceID uuid.NullUUID  `json:"preview_service_id"`
+	BranchName       string         `json:"branch_name"`
+	PrNumber         sql.NullInt32  `json:"pr_number"`
+	Environment      string         `json:"environment"`
+	Status           string         `json:"status"`
+	Url              sql.NullString `json:"url"`
+	ExpiresAt        time.Time      `json:"expires_at"`
+	CreatedAt        sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt        sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) CreatePreviewEnvironment(ctx context.Context, arg CreatePreviewEnvironmentParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, createPreviewEnvironment,
+		arg.ID,
+		arg.ProjectID,
+		arg.ServiceID,
+		arg.PreviewServiceID,
+		arg.BranchName,
+		arg.PrNumber,
+		arg.Environment,
+		arg.Status,
+		arg.Url,
+		arg.ExpiresAt,
+		arg.CreatedAt,
+		arg.UpdatedAt,
+	)
+	return err
+}
+
+const deleteAllServiceDomains = `-- name: DeleteAllServiceDomains :exec
+DELETE FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) DeleteAllServiceDomains(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, deleteAllServiceDomains, serviceID)
+	return err
+}
+
+const deletePreviewEnvironment = `-- name: DeletePreviewEnvironment :exec
+DELETE FROM preview_environments WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) DeletePreviewEnvironment(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, deletePreviewEnvironment, id)
+	return err
+}
+
+const getPreviewEnvironment = `-- name: GetPreviewEnvironment :one
+SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.preview_service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.pr_number,
+       pe.environment, pe.status, pe.url, pe.expires_at, pe.created_at, pe.updated_at,
+       s.id AS svc_id, s.name AS service_name, s.type AS service_type
+FROM preview_environments pe
+LEFT JOIN services s ON pe.service_id = s.id
+JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
+WHERE pe.id = $1 AND (p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool
+    OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $2))
+`
+
+type GetPreviewEnvironmentParams struct {
+	ID      uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	OwnerID uuid.UUID `json:"owner_id"`
+	Column3 bool      `json:"column_3"`
+}
+
+type GetPreviewEnvironmentRow struct {
+	ID               uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID        uuid.UUID      `json:"project_id"`
+	ServiceID        uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	PreviewServiceID uuid.NullUUID  `json:"preview_service_id"`
+	BranchName       string         `json:"branch_name"`
+	PrNumber         sql.NullInt32  `json:"pr_number"`
+	Environment      string         `json:"environment"`
+	Status           string         `json:"status"`
+	Url              sql.NullString `json:"url"`
+	ExpiresAt        time.Time      `json:"expires_at"`
+	CreatedAt        sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt        sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+	SvcID            uuid.NullUUID  `json:"svc_id"`
+	ServiceName      sql.NullString `json:"service_name"`
+	ServiceType      sql.NullString `json:"service_type"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetPreviewEnvironment(ctx context.Context, arg GetPreviewEnvironmentParams) (GetPreviewEnvironmentRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getPreviewEnvironment, arg.ID, arg.OwnerID, arg.Column3)
+	var i GetPreviewEnvironmentRow
+	err := row.Scan(
+		&i.ID,
+		&i.ProjectID,
+		&i.ServiceID,
+		&i.PreviewServiceID,
+		&i.BranchName,
+		&i.PrNumber,
+		&i.Environment,
+		&i.Status,
+		&i.Url,
+		&i.ExpiresAt,
+		&i.CreatedAt,
+		&i.UpdatedAt,
+		&i.SvcID,
+		&i.ServiceName,
+		&i.ServiceType,
+	)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getPreviewEnvironmentForPromote = `-- name: GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromote :one
+SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.preview_service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.environment, pe.status
+FROM preview_environments pe
+JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
+WHERE pe.id = $1 AND (p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool)
+`
+
+type GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromoteParams struct {
+	ID      uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	OwnerID uuid.UUID `json:"owner_id"`
+	Column3 bool      `json:"column_3"`
+}
+
+type GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromoteRow struct {
+	ID               uuid.UUID     `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID        uuid.UUID     `json:"project_id"`
+	ServiceID        uuid.UUID     `json:"service_id"`
+	PreviewServiceID uuid.NullUUID `json:"preview_service_id"`
+	BranchName       string        `json:"branch_name"`
+	Environment      string        `json:"environment"`
+	Status           string        `json:"status"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromote(ctx context.Context, arg GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromoteParams) (GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromoteRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getPreviewEnvironmentForPromote, arg.ID, arg.OwnerID, arg.Column3)
+	var i GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromoteRow
+	err := row.Scan(
+		&i.ID,
+		&i.ProjectID,
+		&i.ServiceID,
+		&i.PreviewServiceID,
+		&i.BranchName,
+		&i.Environment,
+		&i.Status,
+	)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getPreviewEnvironmentForWrite = `-- name: GetPreviewEnvironmentForWrite :one
+SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.pr_number,
+       pe.environment, pe.status, pe.url, pe.expires_at, pe.created_at, pe.updated_at
+FROM preview_environments pe
+JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
+WHERE pe.id = $1 AND (p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool)
+`
+
+type GetPreviewEnvironmentForWriteParams struct {
+	ID      uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	OwnerID uuid.UUID `json:"owner_id"`
+	Column3 bool      `json:"column_3"`
+}
+
+type GetPreviewEnvironmentForWriteRow struct {
+	ID          uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID   uuid.UUID      `json:"project_id"`
+	ServiceID   uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	BranchName  string         `json:"branch_name"`
+	PrNumber    sql.NullInt32  `json:"pr_number"`
+	Environment string         `json:"environment"`
+	Status      string         `json:"status"`
+	Url         sql.NullString `json:"url"`
+	ExpiresAt   time.Time      `json:"expires_at"`
+	CreatedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt   sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetPreviewEnvironmentForWrite(ctx context.Context, arg GetPreviewEnvironmentForWriteParams) (GetPreviewEnvironmentForWriteRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getPreviewEnvironmentForWrite, arg.ID, arg.OwnerID, arg.Column3)
+	var i GetPreviewEnvironmentForWriteRow
+	err := row.Scan(
+		&i.ID,
+		&i.ProjectID,
+		&i.ServiceID,
+		&i.BranchName,
+		&i.PrNumber,
+		&i.Environment,
+		&i.Status,
+		&i.Url,
+		&i.ExpiresAt,
+		&i.CreatedAt,
+		&i.UpdatedAt,
+	)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getPreviewEnvironmentOwner = `-- name: GetPreviewEnvironmentOwner :one
+SELECT p.owner_id
+FROM preview_environments pe
+JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
+WHERE pe.id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetPreviewEnvironmentOwner(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.UUID, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getPreviewEnvironmentOwner, id)
+	var owner_id uuid.UUID
+	err := row.Scan(&owner_id)
+	return owner_id, err
+}
+
+const getPreviewServiceID = `-- name: GetPreviewServiceID :one
+SELECT preview_service_id FROM preview_environments WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetPreviewServiceID(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.NullUUID, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getPreviewServiceID, id)
+	var preview_service_id uuid.NullUUID
+	err := row.Scan(&preview_service_id)
+	return preview_service_id, err
+}
+
+const getProjectBrief = `-- name: GetProjectBrief :one
+SELECT id, name, owner_id FROM projects WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+type GetProjectBriefRow struct {
+	ID      uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	Name    string    `json:"name"`
+	OwnerID uuid.UUID `json:"owner_id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetProjectBrief(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetProjectBriefRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getProjectBrief, id)
+	var i GetProjectBriefRow
+	err := row.Scan(&i.ID, &i.Name, &i.OwnerID)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getServiceForDeploy = `-- name: GetServiceForDeploy :one
+SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name, s.type, s.status, s.image, s.command,
+       s.environment, s.git_repo, s.git_branch, s.build_path, s.cpu, s.memory,
+       COALESCE(s.replicas, 1) AS replicas, COALESCE(s.port, 0) AS port,
+       COALESCE(s.domain, '') AS domain, COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, '') AS healthcheck_path,
+       COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped') AS restart_policy,
+       COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto') AS builder, COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, '') AS cpu_reserve,
+       COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, '') AS memory_reserve, COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, '') AS static_build_cmd,
+       COALESCE(s.static_dir, '') AS static_dir,
+       s.created_at, s.updated_at
+FROM services s
+WHERE s.id = $1
+`
+
+type GetServiceForDeployRow struct {
+	ID              uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID       uuid.UUID      `json:"project_id"`
+	Name            string         `json:"name"`
+	Type            sql.NullString `json:"type"`
+	Status          sql.NullString `json:"status"`
+	Image           sql.NullString `json:"image"`
+	Command         sql.NullString `json:"command"`
+	Environment     sql.NullString `json:"environment"`
+	GitRepo         sql.NullString `json:"git_repo"`
+	GitBranch       sql.NullString `json:"git_branch"`
+	BuildPath       sql.NullString `json:"build_path"`
+	Cpu             sql.NullString `json:"cpu"`
+	Memory          sql.NullString `json:"memory"`
+	Replicas        int32          `json:"replicas"`
+	Port            int32          `json:"port"`
+	Domain          string         `json:"domain"`
+	HealthcheckPath string         `json:"healthcheck_path"`
+	RestartPolicy   string         `json:"restart_policy"`
+	Builder         string         `json:"builder"`
+	CpuReserve      string         `json:"cpu_reserve"`
+	MemoryReserve   string         `json:"memory_reserve"`
+	StaticBuildCmd  string         `json:"static_build_cmd"`
+	StaticDir       string         `json:"static_dir"`
+	CreatedAt       sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt       sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetServiceForDeploy(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetServiceForDeployRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getServiceForDeploy, id)
+	var i GetServiceForDeployRow
+	err := row.Scan(
+		&i.ID,
+		&i.ProjectID,
+		&i.Name,
+		&i.Type,
+		&i.Status,
+		&i.Image,
+		&i.Command,
+		&i.Environment,
+		&i.GitRepo,
+		&i.GitBranch,
+		&i.BuildPath,
+		&i.Cpu,
+		&i.Memory,
+		&i.Replicas,
+		&i.Port,
+		&i.Domain,
+		&i.HealthcheckPath,
+		&i.RestartPolicy,
+		&i.Builder,
+		&i.CpuReserve,
+		&i.MemoryReserve,
+		&i.StaticBuildCmd,
+		&i.StaticDir,
+		&i.CreatedAt,
+		&i.UpdatedAt,
+	)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getServiceTypeBrief = `-- name: GetServiceTypeBrief :one
+SELECT id, name, COALESCE(type, service_type, '') AS service_type FROM services WHERE id = $1 AND project_id = $2
+`
+
+type GetServiceTypeBriefParams struct {
+	ID        uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID uuid.UUID `json:"project_id"`
+}
+
+type GetServiceTypeBriefRow struct {
+	ID          uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	Name        string    `json:"name"`
+	ServiceType string    `json:"service_type"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetServiceTypeBrief(ctx context.Context, arg GetServiceTypeBriefParams) (GetServiceTypeBriefRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getServiceTypeBrief, arg.ID, arg.ProjectID)
+	var i GetServiceTypeBriefRow
+	err := row.Scan(&i.ID, &i.Name, &i.ServiceType)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const insertPendingDeployment = `-- name: InsertPendingDeployment :exec
+INSERT INTO deployments (id, service_id, version, commit_hash, status, created_at, updated_at)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, 'pending', NOW(), NOW())
+`
+
+type InsertPendingDeploymentParams struct {
+	ID         uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ServiceID  uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	Version    string         `json:"version"`
+	CommitHash sql.NullString `json:"commit_hash"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) InsertPendingDeployment(ctx context.Context, arg InsertPendingDeploymentParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, insertPendingDeployment,
+		arg.ID,
+		arg.ServiceID,
+		arg.Version,
+		arg.CommitHash,
+	)
+	return err
+}
+
+const listExpiredPreviewsForUser = `-- name: ListExpiredPreviewsForUser :many
+SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.preview_service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.environment
+FROM preview_environments pe
+JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
+WHERE (p.owner_id = $1 OR $2::bool) AND pe.expires_at < NOW() AND pe.status != 'expired'
+`
+
+type ListExpiredPreviewsForUserParams struct {
+	OwnerID uuid.UUID `json:"owner_id"`
+	Column2 bool      `json:"column_2"`
+}
+
+type ListExpiredPreviewsForUserRow struct {
+	ID               uuid.UUID     `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID        uuid.UUID     `json:"project_id"`
+	ServiceID        uuid.UUID     `json:"service_id"`
+	PreviewServiceID uuid.NullUUID `json:"preview_service_id"`
+	BranchName       string        `json:"branch_name"`
+	Environment      string        `json:"environment"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ListExpiredPreviewsForUser(ctx context.Context, arg ListExpiredPreviewsForUserParams) ([]ListExpiredPreviewsForUserRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listExpiredPreviewsForUser, arg.OwnerID, arg.Column2)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ListExpiredPreviewsForUserRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ListExpiredPreviewsForUserRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&i.ID,
+			&i.ProjectID,
+			&i.ServiceID,
+			&i.PreviewServiceID,
+			&i.BranchName,
+			&i.Environment,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const listPreviewEnvironmentsForProject = `-- name: ListPreviewEnvironmentsForProject :many
+SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.preview_service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.pr_number,
+       pe.environment, pe.status, pe.url, pe.expires_at, pe.created_at, pe.updated_at,
+       s.id AS svc_id, s.name AS service_name, s.type AS service_type
+FROM preview_environments pe
+LEFT JOIN services s ON pe.service_id = s.id
+WHERE pe.project_id = $1
+ORDER BY pe.created_at DESC
+`
+
+type ListPreviewEnvironmentsForProjectRow struct {
+	ID               uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID        uuid.UUID      `json:"project_id"`
+	ServiceID        uuid.UUID      `json:"service_id"`
+	PreviewServiceID uuid.NullUUID  `json:"preview_service_id"`
+	BranchName       string         `json:"branch_name"`
+	PrNumber         sql.NullInt32  `json:"pr_number"`
+	Environment      string         `json:"environment"`
+	Status           string         `json:"status"`
+	Url              sql.NullString `json:"url"`
+	ExpiresAt        time.Time      `json:"expires_at"`
+	CreatedAt        sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt        sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+	SvcID            uuid.NullUUID  `json:"svc_id"`
+	ServiceName      sql.NullString `json:"service_name"`
+	ServiceType      sql.NullString `json:"service_type"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ListPreviewEnvironmentsForProject(ctx context.Context, projectID uuid.UUID) ([]ListPreviewEnvironmentsForProjectRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listPreviewEnvironmentsForProject, projectID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ListPreviewEnvironmentsForProjectRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ListPreviewEnvironmentsForProjectRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(
+			&i.ID,
+			&i.ProjectID,
+			&i.ServiceID,
+			&i.PreviewServiceID,
+			&i.BranchName,
+			&i.PrNumber,
+			&i.Environment,
+			&i.Status,
+			&i.Url,
+			&i.ExpiresAt,
+			&i.CreatedAt,
+			&i.UpdatedAt,
+			&i.SvcID,
+			&i.ServiceName,
+			&i.ServiceType,
+		); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const listSweepablePreviews = `-- name: ListSweepablePreviews :many
+SELECT id, preview_service_id FROM preview_environments
+WHERE expires_at < NOW() AND status NOT IN ('expired', 'stopped')
+`
+
+type ListSweepablePreviewsRow struct {
+	ID               uuid.UUID     `json:"id"`
+	PreviewServiceID uuid.NullUUID `json:"preview_service_id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ListSweepablePreviews(ctx context.Context) ([]ListSweepablePreviewsRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listSweepablePreviews)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ListSweepablePreviewsRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ListSweepablePreviewsRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(&i.ID, &i.PreviewServiceID); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const markPreviewEnvironmentStatus = `-- name: MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatus :exec
+UPDATE preview_environments SET status = $1, updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $2
+`
+
+type MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatusParams struct {
+	Status string    `json:"status"`
+	ID     uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatus(ctx context.Context, arg MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatusParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, markPreviewEnvironmentStatus, arg.Status, arg.ID)
+	return err
+}
+
+const syncPreviewStatuses = `-- name: SyncPreviewStatuses :exec
+UPDATE preview_environments pe
+SET status = derived.st, updated_at = NOW()
+FROM (
+    SELECT pe2.id,
+        CASE
+            WHEN s.status IN ('running', 'deployed') THEN 'running'
+            WHEN s.status IN ('failed', 'error') THEN 'failed'
+            WHEN s.status IN ('building', 'deploying', 'queued', 'pending', 'cloning') THEN 'building'
+            ELSE pe2.status
+        END AS st
+    FROM preview_environments pe2
+    JOIN services s ON pe2.preview_service_id = s.id
+) derived
+WHERE pe.id = derived.id
+  AND pe.status IN ('building', 'running', 'failed')
+  AND pe.status <> derived.st
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) SyncPreviewStatuses(ctx context.Context) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, syncPreviewStatuses)
+	return err
+}
+
+const updatePreviewEnvironment = `-- name: UpdatePreviewEnvironment :exec
+UPDATE preview_environments
+SET status = $1, url = $2, expires_at = $3, updated_at = $4
+WHERE id = $5
+`
+
+type UpdatePreviewEnvironmentParams struct {
+	Status    string         `json:"status"`
+	Url       sql.NullString `json:"url"`
+	ExpiresAt time.Time      `json:"expires_at"`
+	UpdatedAt sql.NullTime   `json:"updated_at"`
+	ID        uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) UpdatePreviewEnvironment(ctx context.Context, arg UpdatePreviewEnvironmentParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, updatePreviewEnvironment,
+		arg.Status,
+		arg.Url,
+		arg.ExpiresAt,
+		arg.UpdatedAt,
+		arg.ID,
+	)
+	return err
+}
+
+const updateServicePreviewBranch = `-- name: UpdateServicePreviewBranch :exec
+UPDATE services SET git_branch = $1, domain = '', updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $2
+`
+
+type UpdateServicePreviewBranchParams struct {
+	GitBranch sql.NullString `json:"git_branch"`
+	ID        uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) UpdateServicePreviewBranch(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateServicePreviewBranchParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, updateServicePreviewBranch, arg.GitBranch, arg.ID)
+	return err
+}

app/backend/internal/database/sqlcdb/querier.go

@@ -13,12 +13,25 @@ import (
 )
 
 type Querier interface {
+	// Portable bucket bucketing (no TimescaleDB): floor epoch seconds into
+	// bucket-sized buckets, then back to timestamptz.
+	AggregateNodeMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg AggregateNodeMetricsParams) ([]AggregateNodeMetricsRow, error)
+	ClearServiceDomainDefault(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) error
 	ClearServiceNodePins(ctx context.Context, nodeID sql.NullString) (int64, error)
+	CloneServiceDomains(ctx context.Context, arg CloneServiceDomainsParams) error
+	CloneServiceRow(ctx context.Context, arg CloneServiceRowParams) error
+	CloneServiceVariables(ctx context.Context, arg CloneServiceVariablesParams) error
 	CompleteCommand(ctx context.Context, arg CompleteCommandParams) (AgentCommand, error)
+	CompleteDeployment(ctx context.Context, arg CompleteDeploymentParams) error
+	CountAccessibleDeployments(ctx context.Context, arg CountAccessibleDeploymentsParams) (int64, error)
+	CountActivePreviewsForBranch(ctx context.Context, arg CountActivePreviewsForBranchParams) (int64, error)
 	CountDatabaseServicesByUserAndName(ctx context.Context, arg CountDatabaseServicesByUserAndNameParams) (int64, error)
 	CountDatabasesUsingBackupTarget(ctx context.Context, targetID sql.NullString) (int64, error)
+	CountDeploymentsForService(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) (int64, error)
 	CountEnvironmentServices(ctx context.Context, environmentID uuid.UUID) (int64, error)
 	CountProjectsByUser(ctx context.Context, arg CountProjectsByUserParams) (int64, error)
+	CountServiceDomains(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) (int64, error)
+	CountServicesByName(ctx context.Context, arg CountServicesByNameParams) (int64, error)
 	CountServicesByProjectAndName(ctx context.Context, arg CountServicesByProjectAndNameParams) (int64, error)
 	CountUnreadNotificationsByUser(ctx context.Context, userID uuid.UUID) (int64, error)
 	CreateAgent(ctx context.Context, arg CreateAgentParams) (NodeAgent, error)
@@ -32,7 +45,10 @@ type Querier interface {
 	CreateExternalDatabaseService(ctx context.Context, arg CreateExternalDatabaseServiceParams) error
 	CreateNotification(ctx context.Context, arg CreateNotificationParams) error
 	CreateOutboundWebhook(ctx context.Context, arg CreateOutboundWebhookParams) error
+	CreatePreviewDomain(ctx context.Context, arg CreatePreviewDomainParams) error
+	CreatePreviewEnvironment(ctx context.Context, arg CreatePreviewEnvironmentParams) error
 	CreateProject(ctx context.Context, arg CreateProjectParams) (Project, error)
+	CreateServiceDomain(ctx context.Context, arg CreateServiceDomainParams) (CreateServiceDomainRow, error)
 	CreateServiceFromTemplate(ctx context.Context, arg CreateServiceFromTemplateParams) error
 	CreateUserInvite(ctx context.Context, arg CreateUserInviteParams) (UserInvite, error)
 	CreateUserTemplate(ctx context.Context, arg CreateUserTemplateParams) error
@@ -40,17 +56,24 @@ type Querier interface {
 	CreateWebhookDelivery(ctx context.Context, arg CreateWebhookDeliveryParams) error
 	DatabaseServiceExistsByIDAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg DatabaseServiceExistsByIDAndUserParams) (bool, error)
 	DeleteAgent(ctx context.Context, id string) error
+	DeleteAllServiceDomains(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) error
 	DeleteBackupTargetByIDAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg DeleteBackupTargetByIDAndUserParams) error
 	DeleteBanner(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) error
+	DeleteCronJob(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) error
 	DeleteDatabaseServiceByID(ctx context.Context, id string) error
 	DeleteDatabaseServiceByIDAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg DeleteDatabaseServiceByIDAndUserParams) error
 	DeleteNotificationChannel(ctx context.Context, arg DeleteNotificationChannelParams) (int64, error)
 	DeleteOutboundWebhookByIDAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg DeleteOutboundWebhookByIDAndUserParams) error
+	DeletePreviewEnvironment(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) error
 	DeleteProjectByID(ctx context.Context, projectID uuid.UUID) (int64, error)
 	DeleteProjectEnvironment(ctx context.Context, arg DeleteProjectEnvironmentParams) error
+	DeleteServiceByID(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) error
 	DeleteServiceContainersOnAgent(ctx context.Context, arg DeleteServiceContainersOnAgentParams) error
+	DeleteServiceDomain(ctx context.Context, arg DeleteServiceDomainParams) (int64, error)
 	DeleteUserInvite(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) error
 	DeleteUserTemplate(ctx context.Context, arg DeleteUserTemplateParams) (int64, error)
+	FailDeployment(ctx context.Context, arg FailDeploymentParams) error
+	FinishCronExecution(ctx context.Context, arg FinishCronExecutionParams) error
 	GetActiveAgentAuthTokenByHash(ctx context.Context, tokenHash string) (AgentAuthToken, error)
 	GetAgent(ctx context.Context, id string) (NodeAgent, error)
 	GetAgentByHostAndIP(ctx context.Context, arg GetAgentByHostAndIPParams) (NodeAgent, error)
@@ -60,23 +83,55 @@ type Querier interface {
 	GetCommandForAgent(ctx context.Context, arg GetCommandForAgentParams) (AgentCommand, error)
 	GetContainer(ctx context.Context, id string) (ContainerInstance, error)
 	GetContainerForAgent(ctx context.Context, arg GetContainerForAgentParams) (ContainerInstance, error)
+	GetCronJob(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (CronJob, error)
+	GetCronJobForTrigger(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetCronJobForTriggerRow, error)
+	GetCronJobOwner(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.UUID, error)
+	GetCronJobProjectID(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.UUID, error)
+	GetCronOwnerViaService(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.UUID, error)
 	GetDatabaseBackupByIDAndDatabaseAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg GetDatabaseBackupByIDAndDatabaseAndUserParams) (DatabaseBackup, error)
 	GetDatabaseServiceByID(ctx context.Context, id string) (DatabaseService, error)
 	GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUserParams) (DatabaseService, error)
 	GetDatabaseServiceOwnerID(ctx context.Context, id string) (string, error)
+	GetDeploymentAccess(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetDeploymentAccessRow, error)
+	GetDeploymentForRollback(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetDeploymentForRollbackRow, error)
+	GetDeploymentWithProject(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetDeploymentWithProjectRow, error)
 	GetLastAgentCommandByType(ctx context.Context, arg GetLastAgentCommandByTypeParams) (AgentCommand, error)
+	GetLastDeployedImage(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) (string, error)
 	GetOutboundWebhookByID(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (OutboundWebhook, error)
 	GetOutboundWebhookByIDAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg GetOutboundWebhookByIDAndUserParams) (OutboundWebhook, error)
+	GetPreviewEnvironment(ctx context.Context, arg GetPreviewEnvironmentParams) (GetPreviewEnvironmentRow, error)
+	GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromote(ctx context.Context, arg GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromoteParams) (GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromoteRow, error)
+	GetPreviewEnvironmentForWrite(ctx context.Context, arg GetPreviewEnvironmentForWriteParams) (GetPreviewEnvironmentForWriteRow, error)
+	GetPreviewEnvironmentOwner(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.UUID, error)
+	GetPreviewServiceID(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.NullUUID, error)
+	GetProjectBrief(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetProjectBriefRow, error)
 	GetProjectByIDForUser(ctx context.Context, arg GetProjectByIDForUserParams) (Project, error)
 	GetProjectEnvironmentByName(ctx context.Context, arg GetProjectEnvironmentByNameParams) (Environment, error)
+	GetProjectOwner(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.UUID, error)
 	GetProjectOwnerByID(ctx context.Context, projectID uuid.UUID) (uuid.UUID, error)
 	GetProjectOwnerID(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.UUID, error)
 	GetProjectRoleForUser(ctx context.Context, arg GetProjectRoleForUserParams) (string, error)
+	GetServiceAccess(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetServiceAccessRow, error)
+	GetServiceDomainDefault(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) (string, error)
+	GetServiceDomainFirst(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) (string, error)
+	GetServiceEnvironment(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (string, error)
+	GetServiceForDeploy(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetServiceForDeployRow, error)
+	GetServiceForDeployWithOwner(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetServiceForDeployWithOwnerRow, error)
+	GetServicePlacementBrief(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetServicePlacementBriefRow, error)
+	GetServicePort(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (int32, error)
+	GetServicePublishedPort(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (int32, error)
+	GetServiceRuntimeWithOwner(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetServiceRuntimeWithOwnerRow, error)
 	GetServiceTemplateByID(ctx context.Context, id string) (ServiceTemplate, error)
+	GetServiceTypeBrief(ctx context.Context, arg GetServiceTypeBriefParams) (GetServiceTypeBriefRow, error)
+	GetServiceVariableValue(ctx context.Context, arg GetServiceVariableValueParams) (string, error)
 	GetUserInviteByTokenHash(ctx context.Context, tokenHash string) (UserInvite, error)
 	GetUserTokenByHash(ctx context.Context, tokenHash string) (UserToken, error)
 	InsertAgentHeartbeat(ctx context.Context, arg InsertAgentHeartbeatParams) error
+	InsertCronExecution(ctx context.Context, arg InsertCronExecutionParams) error
+	InsertCronJob(ctx context.Context, arg InsertCronJobParams) error
+	InsertDeployment(ctx context.Context, arg InsertDeploymentParams) error
 	InsertNotificationChannel(ctx context.Context, arg InsertNotificationChannelParams) (NotificationChannel, error)
+	InsertPendingDeployment(ctx context.Context, arg InsertPendingDeploymentParams) error
 	InsertProjectEnvironment(ctx context.Context, arg InsertProjectEnvironmentParams) error
 	ListActiveBanners(ctx context.Context) ([]Banner, error)
 	ListAgentAuthTokens(ctx context.Context) ([]AgentAuthToken, error)
@@ -88,21 +143,31 @@ type Querier interface {
 	ListBanners(ctx context.Context) ([]Banner, error)
 	ListCommandsForAgent(ctx context.Context, nodeAgentID string) ([]AgentCommand, error)
 	ListContainersForAgent(ctx context.Context, nodeAgentID string) ([]ContainerInstance, error)
+	ListCronExecutions(ctx context.Context, cronJobID uuid.UUID) ([]CronExecution, error)
 	ListDatabaseBackupsByDatabaseAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg ListDatabaseBackupsByDatabaseAndUserParams) ([]DatabaseBackup, error)
 	ListDatabaseServicesByProject(ctx context.Context, projectID uuid.NullUUID) ([]DatabaseService, error)
 	ListDatabaseServicesByUser(ctx context.Context, userID string) ([]DatabaseService, error)
+	ListDeploymentsForService(ctx context.Context, arg ListDeploymentsForServiceParams) ([]ListDeploymentsForServiceRow, error)
+	ListDueCronJobs(ctx context.Context) ([]ListDueCronJobsRow, error)
 	ListDueDatabaseBackups(ctx context.Context) ([]ListDueDatabaseBackupsRow, error)
 	ListEnabledOutboundWebhooks(ctx context.Context) ([]OutboundWebhook, error)
+	ListExpiredPreviewsForUser(ctx context.Context, arg ListExpiredPreviewsForUserParams) ([]ListExpiredPreviewsForUserRow, error)
+	ListInstanceMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg ListInstanceMetricsParams) ([]ListInstanceMetricsRow, error)
+	ListNodeAgentsForService(ctx context.Context, serviceID string) ([]string, error)
+	ListNodeMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg ListNodeMetricsParams) ([]ListNodeMetricsRow, error)
 	ListNotificationChannelsByUser(ctx context.Context, userID uuid.UUID) ([]NotificationChannel, error)
 	ListNotificationsByUser(ctx context.Context, arg ListNotificationsByUserParams) ([]Notification, error)
 	ListOutboundWebhooksByUser(ctx context.Context, userID uuid.UUID) ([]OutboundWebhook, error)
 	ListPendingCommands(ctx context.Context, nodeAgentID string) ([]AgentCommand, error)
 	ListPendingProjects(ctx context.Context) ([]Project, error)
+	ListPreviewEnvironmentsForProject(ctx context.Context, projectID uuid.UUID) ([]ListPreviewEnvironmentsForProjectRow, error)
 	ListProjectEnvironments(ctx context.Context, projectID uuid.UUID) ([]ListProjectEnvironmentsRow, error)
+	ListProjectServiceRefs(ctx context.Context, projectID uuid.UUID) ([]ListProjectServiceRefsRow, error)
 	// Visibility model: a project is readable when it is approved for public
 	// display, when the caller owns or is a member of it, or when the caller is a
 	// platform admin. Anonymous callers pass user_id = uuid.Nil, is_admin = false.
 	ListProjectsWithStatsByUser(ctx context.Context, arg ListProjectsWithStatsByUserParams) ([]ListProjectsWithStatsByUserRow, error)
+	ListRecentAccessibleDeployments(ctx context.Context, arg ListRecentAccessibleDeploymentsParams) ([]ListRecentAccessibleDeploymentsRow, error)
 	// Base domains of every online, schedulable agent carrying the required
 	// placement tags — auto-domain candidates for spread services.
 	ListSchedulableAgentDomains(ctx context.Context, dollar_1 json.RawMessage) ([]string, error)
@@ -112,14 +177,21 @@ type Querier interface {
 	// Distinct agents holding inventory rows for a service.
 	ListServiceAgents(ctx context.Context, serviceID string) ([]string, error)
 	ListServiceContainers(ctx context.Context, serviceID string) ([]ListServiceContainersRow, error)
+	ListServiceDomains(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) ([]ServiceDomain, error)
+	ListServiceMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg ListServiceMetricsParams) ([]ListServiceMetricsRow, error)
 	ListServiceTemplatesByCategoryForUser(ctx context.Context, arg ListServiceTemplatesByCategoryForUserParams) ([]ServiceTemplate, error)
 	ListServiceTemplatesForUser(ctx context.Context, ownerID uuid.NullUUID) ([]ServiceTemplate, error)
+	ListServiceVariableValues(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) ([]ListServiceVariableValuesRow, error)
+	ListServiceVariablesWithSecret(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) ([]ListServiceVariablesWithSecretRow, error)
+	ListSweepablePreviews(ctx context.Context) ([]ListSweepablePreviewsRow, error)
 	ListUserInvites(ctx context.Context) ([]UserInvite, error)
 	ListUserTokens(ctx context.Context, userID uuid.UUID) ([]UserToken, error)
 	ListWebhookDeliveriesByWebhook(ctx context.Context, webhookID uuid.UUID) ([]WebhookDelivery, error)
 	MarkAllNotificationsReadByUser(ctx context.Context, arg MarkAllNotificationsReadByUserParams) error
 	MarkNotificationReadByIDAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg MarkNotificationReadByIDAndUserParams) error
+	MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatus(ctx context.Context, arg MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatusParams) error
 	MarkUserInviteUsed(ctx context.Context, arg MarkUserInviteUsedParams) error
+	MoveServiceProject(ctx context.Context, arg MoveServiceProjectParams) (int64, error)
 	// Resource-aware: lowest memory utilisation first, then cpu, then container
 	// count. Agents without telemetry sort last (NULL → worst score).
 	PickLeastLoadedAgent(ctx context.Context) (string, error)
@@ -129,6 +201,7 @@ type Querier interface {
 	RevokeAgentAuthToken(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (AgentAuthToken, error)
 	RevokeUserToken(ctx context.Context, arg RevokeUserTokenParams) (int64, error)
 	ScrubCommandPayload(ctx context.Context, arg ScrubCommandPayloadParams) error
+	ServiceWriteAccess(ctx context.Context, arg ServiceWriteAccessParams) (bool, error)
 	SetAgentDefaultDomain(ctx context.Context, arg SetAgentDefaultDomainParams) error
 	SetAgentSchedulable(ctx context.Context, arg SetAgentSchedulableParams) error
 	SetAgentTags(ctx context.Context, arg SetAgentTagsParams) error
@@ -141,9 +214,19 @@ type Querier interface {
 	SetDatabaseServiceStatusAndConnectionByID(ctx context.Context, arg SetDatabaseServiceStatusAndConnectionByIDParams) error
 	SetDatabaseServiceStatusByID(ctx context.Context, arg SetDatabaseServiceStatusByIDParams) error
 	SetDatabaseServiceStatusByIDAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg SetDatabaseServiceStatusByIDAndUserParams) error
+	SetDeploymentStatus(ctx context.Context, arg SetDeploymentStatusParams) error
 	SetProjectApproved(ctx context.Context, arg SetProjectApprovedParams) (int64, error)
+	SetServiceDomainDefault(ctx context.Context, arg SetServiceDomainDefaultParams) (int64, error)
+	SetServiceLegacyDomain(ctx context.Context, arg SetServiceLegacyDomainParams) error
+	SetServicePublishedPort(ctx context.Context, arg SetServicePublishedPortParams) error
+	SetServiceReplicas(ctx context.Context, arg SetServiceReplicasParams) error
+	SetServiceStatus(ctx context.Context, arg SetServiceStatusParams) error
+	SyncDeploymentProgress(ctx context.Context, arg SyncDeploymentProgressParams) error
+	SyncPreviewStatuses(ctx context.Context) error
 	TouchAgentAuthToken(ctx context.Context, tokenHash string) error
+	TouchServiceDomainChecked(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) error
 	TouchUserToken(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) error
+	TrimCronExecutions(ctx context.Context, arg TrimCronExecutionsParams) error
 	UpdateAgent(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateAgentParams) (NodeAgent, error)
 	UpdateAgentHeartbeat(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateAgentHeartbeatParams) error
 	UpdateBackupTargetByIDAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateBackupTargetByIDAndUserParams) error
@@ -156,15 +239,21 @@ type Querier interface {
 	// removed replica. $4 is the cumulative rx+tx byte counter.
 	UpdateContainerStateByName(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateContainerStateByNameParams) error
 	UpdateContainerStatus(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateContainerStatusParams) error
+	UpdateCronJobRun(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateCronJobRunParams) error
 	UpdateDatabaseServiceNameAndPlanByIDAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateDatabaseServiceNameAndPlanByIDAndUserParams) error
 	UpdateDatabaseServiceNameByIDAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateDatabaseServiceNameByIDAndUserParams) error
 	UpdateDatabaseServicePlanByIDAndUser(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateDatabaseServicePlanByIDAndUserParams) error
 	UpdateOutboundWebhook(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateOutboundWebhookParams) error
+	UpdatePreviewEnvironment(ctx context.Context, arg UpdatePreviewEnvironmentParams) error
 	UpdateProjectByID(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateProjectByIDParams) (int64, error)
+	UpdateServicePreviewBranch(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateServicePreviewBranchParams) error
 	UpdateUserTemplate(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateUserTemplateParams) (int64, error)
 	UpdateWebhookDeliveryResult(ctx context.Context, arg UpdateWebhookDeliveryResultParams) error
 	UpsertEnvironmentVariable(ctx context.Context, arg UpsertEnvironmentVariableParams) error
+	UpsertInstanceMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg UpsertInstanceMetricsParams) error
+	UpsertNodeMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg UpsertNodeMetricsParams) error
 	UpsertServiceContainer(ctx context.Context, arg UpsertServiceContainerParams) error
+	UpsertServiceMetrics(ctx context.Context, arg UpsertServiceMetricsParams) error
 	UpsertServiceTemplate(ctx context.Context, arg UpsertServiceTemplateParams) error
 }
 

app/backend/internal/database/sqlcdb/runtime.sql.go

@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+// Code generated by sqlc. DO NOT EDIT.
+// versions:
+//   sqlc v1.31.1
+// source: runtime.sql
+
+package sqlcdb
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+const getLastDeployedImage = `-- name: GetLastDeployedImage :one
+SELECT (image_name || ':' || image_tag)::text AS image FROM deployments
+WHERE service_id = $1 AND status = 'deployed' AND image_name <> ''
+ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetLastDeployedImage(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) (string, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getLastDeployedImage, serviceID)
+	var image string
+	err := row.Scan(&image)
+	return image, err
+}
+
+const getServicePort = `-- name: GetServicePort :one
+SELECT COALESCE(port, 0) AS port FROM services WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetServicePort(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (int32, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getServicePort, id)
+	var port int32
+	err := row.Scan(&port)
+	return port, err
+}
+
+const getServiceRuntimeWithOwner = `-- name: GetServiceRuntimeWithOwner :one
+SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name,
+       COALESCE(s.type, s.service_type, '') AS type, COALESCE(s.status, '') AS status,
+       COALESCE(s.image, s.image_name, '') AS image, COALESCE(s.command, s.start_command, '') AS command,
+       COALESCE(s.environment, '') AS environment, COALESCE(s.git_repo, s.source_url, '') AS git_repo,
+       COALESCE(s.git_branch, '') AS git_branch, COALESCE(s.build_path, '') AS build_path,
+       COALESCE(s.cpu, '') AS cpu, COALESCE(s.memory, '') AS memory,
+       COALESCE(s.replicas, 1) AS replicas, COALESCE(s.port, 0) AS port,
+       COALESCE(s.domain, '') AS domain, COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, '') AS healthcheck_path,
+       COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped') AS restart_policy,
+       COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto') AS builder, COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, '') AS cpu_reserve,
+       COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, '') AS memory_reserve, COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, '') AS static_build_cmd,
+       COALESCE(s.static_dir, '') AS static_dir,
+       s.created_at, s.updated_at, p.owner_id
+FROM services s
+JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+WHERE s.id = $1
+`
+
+type GetServiceRuntimeWithOwnerRow struct {
+	ID              uuid.UUID    `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID       uuid.UUID    `json:"project_id"`
+	Name            string       `json:"name"`
+	Type            string       `json:"type"`
+	Status          string       `json:"status"`
+	Image           string       `json:"image"`
+	Command         string       `json:"command"`
+	Environment     string       `json:"environment"`
+	GitRepo         string       `json:"git_repo"`
+	GitBranch       string       `json:"git_branch"`
+	BuildPath       string       `json:"build_path"`
+	Cpu             string       `json:"cpu"`
+	Memory          string       `json:"memory"`
+	Replicas        int32        `json:"replicas"`
+	Port            int32        `json:"port"`
+	Domain          string       `json:"domain"`
+	HealthcheckPath string       `json:"healthcheck_path"`
+	RestartPolicy   string       `json:"restart_policy"`
+	Builder         string       `json:"builder"`
+	CpuReserve      string       `json:"cpu_reserve"`
+	MemoryReserve   string       `json:"memory_reserve"`
+	StaticBuildCmd  string       `json:"static_build_cmd"`
+	StaticDir       string       `json:"static_dir"`
+	CreatedAt       sql.NullTime `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt       sql.NullTime `json:"updated_at"`
+	OwnerID         uuid.UUID    `json:"owner_id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetServiceRuntimeWithOwner(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (GetServiceRuntimeWithOwnerRow, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getServiceRuntimeWithOwner, id)
+	var i GetServiceRuntimeWithOwnerRow
+	err := row.Scan(
+		&i.ID,
+		&i.ProjectID,
+		&i.Name,
+		&i.Type,
+		&i.Status,
+		&i.Image,
+		&i.Command,
+		&i.Environment,
+		&i.GitRepo,
+		&i.GitBranch,
+		&i.BuildPath,
+		&i.Cpu,
+		&i.Memory,
+		&i.Replicas,
+		&i.Port,
+		&i.Domain,
+		&i.HealthcheckPath,
+		&i.RestartPolicy,
+		&i.Builder,
+		&i.CpuReserve,
+		&i.MemoryReserve,
+		&i.StaticBuildCmd,
+		&i.StaticDir,
+		&i.CreatedAt,
+		&i.UpdatedAt,
+		&i.OwnerID,
+	)
+	return i, err
+}
+
+const getServiceVariableValue = `-- name: GetServiceVariableValue :one
+SELECT value FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1 AND key = $2
+`
+
+type GetServiceVariableValueParams struct {
+	ServiceID uuid.UUID `json:"service_id"`
+	Key       string    `json:"key"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) GetServiceVariableValue(ctx context.Context, arg GetServiceVariableValueParams) (string, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getServiceVariableValue, arg.ServiceID, arg.Key)
+	var value string
+	err := row.Scan(&value)
+	return value, err
+}
+
+const listNodeAgentsForService = `-- name: ListNodeAgentsForService :many
+SELECT DISTINCT node_agent_id FROM container_instances WHERE service_id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) ListNodeAgentsForService(ctx context.Context, serviceID string) ([]string, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listNodeAgentsForService, serviceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []string{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var node_agent_id string
+		if err := rows.Scan(&node_agent_id); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, node_agent_id)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const listProjectServiceRefs = `-- name: ListProjectServiceRefs :many
+SELECT id, name FROM services WHERE project_id = $1
+`
+
+type ListProjectServiceRefsRow struct {
+	ID   uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	Name string    `json:"name"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ListProjectServiceRefs(ctx context.Context, projectID uuid.UUID) ([]ListProjectServiceRefsRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listProjectServiceRefs, projectID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ListProjectServiceRefsRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ListProjectServiceRefsRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(&i.ID, &i.Name); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const listServiceVariableValues = `-- name: ListServiceVariableValues :many
+SELECT key, value FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1
+`
+
+type ListServiceVariableValuesRow struct {
+	Key   string `json:"key"`
+	Value string `json:"value"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ListServiceVariableValues(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) ([]ListServiceVariableValuesRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listServiceVariableValues, serviceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ListServiceVariableValuesRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ListServiceVariableValuesRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(&i.Key, &i.Value); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const listServiceVariablesWithSecret = `-- name: ListServiceVariablesWithSecret :many
+SELECT key, value, COALESCE(is_secret, false) AS is_secret
+FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1
+`
+
+type ListServiceVariablesWithSecretRow struct {
+	Key      string `json:"key"`
+	Value    string `json:"value"`
+	IsSecret bool   `json:"is_secret"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) ListServiceVariablesWithSecret(ctx context.Context, serviceID uuid.UUID) ([]ListServiceVariablesWithSecretRow, error) {
+	rows, err := q.db.QueryContext(ctx, listServiceVariablesWithSecret, serviceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	items := []ListServiceVariablesWithSecretRow{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var i ListServiceVariablesWithSecretRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(&i.Key, &i.Value, &i.IsSecret); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		items = append(items, i)
+	}
+	if err := rows.Close(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return items, nil
+}
+
+const setServicePublishedPort = `-- name: SetServicePublishedPort :exec
+UPDATE services SET published_port = $1 WHERE id = $2 AND published_port <> $1
+`
+
+type SetServicePublishedPortParams struct {
+	PublishedPort int32     `json:"published_port"`
+	ID            uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) SetServicePublishedPort(ctx context.Context, arg SetServicePublishedPortParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, setServicePublishedPort, arg.PublishedPort, arg.ID)
+	return err
+}
+
+const setServiceReplicas = `-- name: SetServiceReplicas :exec
+UPDATE services SET replicas = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3
+`
+
+type SetServiceReplicasParams struct {
+	Replicas  int32        `json:"replicas"`
+	UpdatedAt sql.NullTime `json:"updated_at"`
+	ID        uuid.UUID    `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) SetServiceReplicas(ctx context.Context, arg SetServiceReplicasParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, setServiceReplicas, arg.Replicas, arg.UpdatedAt, arg.ID)
+	return err
+}

app/backend/internal/database/sqlcdb/service_ops.sql.go

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+// Code generated by sqlc. DO NOT EDIT.
+// versions:
+//   sqlc v1.31.1
+// source: service_ops.sql
+
+package sqlcdb
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+const cloneServiceDomains = `-- name: CloneServiceDomains :exec
+INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type)
+SELECT $1, domain, is_default, cert_type FROM service_domains sd WHERE sd.service_id = $2
+`
+
+type CloneServiceDomainsParams struct {
+	ServiceID   uuid.UUID `json:"service_id"`
+	ServiceID_2 uuid.UUID `json:"service_id_2"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) CloneServiceDomains(ctx context.Context, arg CloneServiceDomainsParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, cloneServiceDomains, arg.ServiceID, arg.ServiceID_2)
+	return err
+}
+
+const cloneServiceRow = `-- name: CloneServiceRow :exec
+INSERT INTO services
+    (id, project_id, name, environment_id, service_type, source_type, source_url, image_name,
+     build_command, start_command, type, status, image, command, environment,
+     git_repo, git_branch, build_path, cpu, memory, replicas, port, domain,
+     healthcheck_path, restart_policy, volumes, maintenance_mode, basic_auth_users,
+     builder, cpu_reserve, memory_reserve, static_build_cmd, static_dir,
+     traefik_labels, created_at, updated_at)
+SELECT $1, $2, $3, $4, service_type, source_type, source_url, image_name,
+     build_command, start_command, type, 'stopped', image, command, $5,
+     git_repo, git_branch, build_path, cpu, memory, replicas, port, domain,
+     healthcheck_path, restart_policy, volumes, $6, $7,
+     builder, cpu_reserve, memory_reserve, static_build_cmd, static_dir,
+     traefik_labels, $8, $8
+FROM services s WHERE s.id = $9
+`
+
+type CloneServiceRowParams struct {
+	ID              uuid.UUID      `json:"id"`
+	ProjectID       uuid.UUID      `json:"project_id"`
+	Name            string         `json:"name"`
+	EnvironmentID   uuid.UUID      `json:"environment_id"`
+	Environment     sql.NullString `json:"environment"`
+	MaintenanceMode bool           `json:"maintenance_mode"`
+	BasicAuthUsers  string         `json:"basic_auth_users"`
+	CreatedAt       sql.NullTime   `json:"created_at"`
+	ID_2            uuid.UUID      `json:"id_2"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) CloneServiceRow(ctx context.Context, arg CloneServiceRowParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, cloneServiceRow,
+		arg.ID,
+		arg.ProjectID,
+		arg.Name,
+		arg.EnvironmentID,
+		arg.Environment,
+		arg.MaintenanceMode,
+		arg.BasicAuthUsers,
+		arg.CreatedAt,
+		arg.ID_2,
+	)
+	return err
+}
+
+const cloneServiceVariables = `-- name: CloneServiceVariables :exec
+INSERT INTO environment_variables (id, service_id, key, value, is_secret)
+SELECT gen_random_uuid(), $1, key, value, is_secret FROM environment_variables ev WHERE ev.service_id = $2
+`
+
+type CloneServiceVariablesParams struct {
+	ServiceID   uuid.UUID `json:"service_id"`
+	ServiceID_2 uuid.UUID `json:"service_id_2"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) CloneServiceVariables(ctx context.Context, arg CloneServiceVariablesParams) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, cloneServiceVariables, arg.ServiceID, arg.ServiceID_2)
+	return err
+}
+
+const countServicesByName = `-- name: CountServicesByName :one
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM services WHERE project_id = $1 AND name = $2
+`
+
+type CountServicesByNameParams struct {
+	ProjectID uuid.UUID `json:"project_id"`
+	Name      string    `json:"name"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) CountServicesByName(ctx context.Context, arg CountServicesByNameParams) (int64, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, countServicesByName, arg.ProjectID, arg.Name)
+	var count int64
+	err := row.Scan(&count)
+	return count, err
+}
+
+const deleteServiceByID = `-- name: DeleteServiceByID :exec
+DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) DeleteServiceByID(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) error {
+	_, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, deleteServiceByID, id)
+	return err
+}
+
+const getProjectOwner = `-- name: GetProjectOwner :one
+SELECT owner_id FROM projects WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetProjectOwner(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (uuid.UUID, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getProjectOwner, id)
+	var owner_id uuid.UUID
+	err := row.Scan(&owner_id)
+	return owner_id, err
+}
+
+const getServiceEnvironment = `-- name: GetServiceEnvironment :one
+SELECT COALESCE(environment, '') FROM services WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetServiceEnvironment(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (string, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRowContext(ctx, getServiceEnvironment, id)
+	var environment string
+	err := row.Scan(&environment)
+	return environment, err
+}
+
+const moveServiceProject = `-- name: MoveServiceProject :execrows
+UPDATE services SET project_id = $1, environment_id = $2, updated_at = $3 WHERE id = $4
+`
+
+type MoveServiceProjectParams struct {
+	ProjectID     uuid.UUID    `json:"project_id"`
+	EnvironmentID uuid.UUID    `json:"environment_id"`
+	UpdatedAt     sql.NullTime `json:"updated_at"`
+	ID            uuid.UUID    `json:"id"`
+}
+
+func (q *Queries) MoveServiceProject(ctx context.Context, arg MoveServiceProjectParams) (int64, error) {
+	result, err := q.db.ExecContext(ctx, moveServiceProject,
+		arg.ProjectID,
+		arg.EnvironmentID,
+		arg.UpdatedAt,
+		arg.ID,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	return result.RowsAffected()
+}

app/backend/internal/metrics/storage.go

@@ -4,293 +4,286 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
 	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+
 	_ "github.com/lib/pq"
 )
 
 // PostgreSQLMetricsStorage implements MetricsStorage using PostgreSQL
+// through sqlc-generated queries (sqlc/queries/metrics.sql).
+//
+// Per-container node metrics are deliberately not persisted: the
+// container_metrics table belongs to the container_instances model and
+// has no place for the node/container samples collected here. Node and
+// service/instance rows map cleanly, so those are stored.
 type PostgreSQLMetricsStorage struct {
-	db *sql.DB
+	q *sqlcdb.Queries
 }
 
 // NewPostgreSQLMetricsStorage creates a new PostgreSQL metrics storage
 func NewPostgreSQLMetricsStorage(db *sql.DB) *PostgreSQLMetricsStorage {
-	return &PostgreSQLMetricsStorage{db: db}
+	return &PostgreSQLMetricsStorage{q: sqlcdb.New(db)}
 }
 
+func numStr(v float64) sql.NullString {
+	return sql.NullString{String: strconv.FormatFloat(v, 'f', -1, 64), Valid: true}
+}
+
+func int64N(v int64) sql.NullInt64 {
+	return sql.NullInt64{Int64: v, Valid: true}
+}
+
+func int32N(v int64) sql.NullInt32 {
+	return sql.NullInt32{Int32: int32(v), Valid: true}
+}
+
+func strN(v string) sql.NullString {
+	return sql.NullString{String: v, Valid: v != ""}
+}
+
+func timeN(t time.Time) sql.NullTime {
+	return sql.NullTime{Time: t, Valid: !t.IsZero()}
+}
+
+func f64v(n sql.NullString) float64 {
+	f, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(n.String, 64)
+	return f
+}
+
+func i64v(n sql.NullInt64) int64 { return n.Int64 }
+
+func i32v(n sql.NullInt32) int64 { return int64(n.Int32) }
+
 // StoreNodeMetrics stores node metrics in the database
 func (s *PostgreSQLMetricsStorage) StoreNodeMetrics(ctx context.Context, metrics *NodeMetrics) error {
-	query := `
-		INSERT INTO node_metrics (
-			node_id, timestamp, cpu_usage, cpu_cores, load_avg_1, load_avg_5, load_avg_15,
-			memory_total, memory_used, memory_available, memory_usage_percent,
-			storage_total, storage_used, storage_available, storage_usage_percent,
-			network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out,
-			network_connections_in, network_connections_out, network_errors_in, network_errors_out,
-			uptime, processes, os, kernel, architecture
-		) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15, $16, $17, $18, $19, $20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26, $27, $28)
-		ON CONFLICT (node_id, timestamp) DO UPDATE SET
-			cpu_usage = EXCLUDED.cpu_usage,
-			cpu_cores = EXCLUDED.cpu_cores,
-			load_avg_1 = EXCLUDED.load_avg_1,
-			load_avg_5 = EXCLUDED.load_avg_5,
-			load_avg_15 = EXCLUDED.load_avg_15,
-			memory_total = EXCLUDED.memory_total,
-			memory_used = EXCLUDED.memory_used,
-			memory_available = EXCLUDED.memory_available,
-			memory_usage_percent = EXCLUDED.memory_usage_percent,
-			storage_total = EXCLUDED.storage_total,
-			storage_used = EXCLUDED.storage_used,
-			storage_available = EXCLUDED.storage_available,
-			storage_usage_percent = EXCLUDED.storage_usage_percent,
-			network_bytes_in = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_in,
-			network_bytes_out = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_out,
-			network_packets_in = EXCLUDED.network_packets_in,
-			network_packets_out = EXCLUDED.network_packets_out,
-			network_connections_in = EXCLUDED.network_connections_in,
-			network_connections_out = EXCLUDED.network_connections_out,
-			network_errors_in = EXCLUDED.network_errors_in,
-			network_errors_out = EXCLUDED.network_errors_out,
-			uptime = EXCLUDED.uptime,
-			processes = EXCLUDED.processes,
-			os = EXCLUDED.os,
-			kernel = EXCLUDED.kernel,
-			architecture = EXCLUDED.architecture
-	`
-
-	_, err := s.db.ExecContext(ctx, query,
-		metrics.NodeID, metrics.Timestamp, metrics.CPU.UsagePercent, metrics.CPU.UsageCores,
-		metrics.CPU.LoadAverage1, metrics.CPU.LoadAverage5, metrics.CPU.LoadAverage15,
-		metrics.Memory.Total, metrics.Memory.Used, metrics.Memory.Available, metrics.Memory.UsagePercent,
-		metrics.Storage.Total, metrics.Storage.Used, metrics.Storage.Available, metrics.Storage.UsagePercent,
-		metrics.Network.BytesIn, metrics.Network.BytesOut, metrics.Network.PacketsIn, metrics.Network.PacketsOut,
-		metrics.Network.ConnectionsIn, metrics.Network.ConnectionsOut, metrics.Network.ErrorsIn, metrics.Network.ErrorsOut,
-		metrics.System.Uptime, metrics.System.Processes, metrics.System.OS, metrics.System.Kernel, metrics.System.Architecture,
-	)
-
+	err := s.q.UpsertNodeMetrics(ctx, sqlcdb.UpsertNodeMetricsParams{
+		NodeID:                metrics.NodeID,
+		Timestamp:             metrics.Timestamp,
+		CpuUsage:              numStr(metrics.CPU.UsagePercent),
+		CpuCores:              numStr(metrics.CPU.UsageCores),
+		LoadAvg1:              numStr(metrics.CPU.LoadAverage1),
+		LoadAvg5:              numStr(metrics.CPU.LoadAverage5),
+		LoadAvg15:             numStr(metrics.CPU.LoadAverage15),
+		MemoryTotal:           int64N(metrics.Memory.Total),
+		MemoryUsed:            int64N(metrics.Memory.Used),
+		MemoryAvailable:       int64N(metrics.Memory.Available),
+		MemoryUsagePercent:    numStr(metrics.Memory.UsagePercent),
+		StorageTotal:          int64N(metrics.Storage.Total),
+		StorageUsed:           int64N(metrics.Storage.Used),
+		StorageAvailable:      int64N(metrics.Storage.Available),
+		StorageUsagePercent:   numStr(metrics.Storage.UsagePercent),
+		NetworkBytesIn:        int64N(metrics.Network.BytesIn),
+		NetworkBytesOut:       int64N(metrics.Network.BytesOut),
+		NetworkPacketsIn:      int64N(metrics.Network.PacketsIn),
+		NetworkPacketsOut:     int64N(metrics.Network.PacketsOut),
+		NetworkConnectionsIn:  int32N(metrics.Network.ConnectionsIn),
+		NetworkConnectionsOut: int32N(metrics.Network.ConnectionsOut),
+		NetworkErrorsIn:       int64N(metrics.Network.ErrorsIn),
+		NetworkErrorsOut:      int64N(metrics.Network.ErrorsOut),
+		// INTERVAL param — Postgres casts the bigint as seconds.
+		Uptime:       int64N(int64(metrics.System.Uptime.Seconds())),
+		Processes:    sql.NullInt32{Int32: int32(metrics.System.Processes), Valid: true},
+		Os:           strN(metrics.System.OS),
+		Kernel:       strN(metrics.System.Kernel),
+		Architecture: strN(metrics.System.Architecture),
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to store node metrics: %w", err)
 	}
-
-	// Store container metrics
-	for _, container := range metrics.Containers {
-		if err := s.storeContainerMetrics(ctx, metrics.NodeID, metrics.Timestamp, container); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to store container metrics: %w", err)
-		}
-	}
-
 	return nil
 }
 
 // StoreServiceMetrics stores service metrics in the database
 func (s *PostgreSQLMetricsStorage) StoreServiceMetrics(ctx context.Context, metrics *ServiceMetrics) error {
-	query := `
-		INSERT INTO service_metrics (
-			service_id, service_name, project_id, timestamp,
-			requests_total, requests_success, requests_errors, requests_avg_latency,
-			requests_p95_latency, requests_p99_latency, requests_throughput,
-			errors_total, errors_rate, performance_response_time, performance_throughput,
-			performance_concurrency, performance_saturation, performance_utilization,
-			resource_cpu_usage, resource_memory_usage, resource_storage_usage,
-			resource_network_usage, resource_score
-		) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15, $16, $17, $18, $19, $20, $21, $22, $23)
-		ON CONFLICT (service_id, timestamp) DO UPDATE SET
-			requests_total = EXCLUDED.requests_total,
-			requests_success = EXCLUDED.requests_success,
-			requests_errors = EXCLUDED.requests_errors,
-			requests_avg_latency = EXCLUDED.requests_avg_latency,
-			requests_p95_latency = EXCLUDED.requests_p95_latency,
-			requests_p99_latency = EXCLUDED.requests_p99_latency,
-			requests_throughput = EXCLUDED.requests_throughput,
-			errors_total = EXCLUDED.errors_total,
-			errors_rate = EXCLUDED.errors_rate,
-			performance_response_time = EXCLUDED.performance_response_time,
-			performance_throughput = EXCLUDED.performance_throughput,
-			performance_concurrency = EXCLUDED.performance_concurrency,
-			performance_saturation = EXCLUDED.performance_saturation,
-			performance_utilization = EXCLUDED.performance_utilization,
-			resource_cpu_usage = EXCLUDED.resource_cpu_usage,
-			resource_memory_usage = EXCLUDED.resource_memory_usage,
-			resource_storage_usage = EXCLUDED.resource_storage_usage,
-			resource_network_usage = EXCLUDED.resource_network_usage,
-			resource_score = EXCLUDED.resource_score
-	`
-
-	_, err := s.db.ExecContext(ctx, query,
-		metrics.ServiceID, metrics.ServiceName, metrics.ProjectID, metrics.Timestamp,
-		metrics.Requests.Total, metrics.Requests.Success, metrics.Requests.Errors,
-		metrics.Requests.AvgLatency, metrics.Requests.P95Latency, metrics.Requests.P99Latency,
-		metrics.Requests.Throughput, metrics.Errors.Total, metrics.Errors.Rate,
-		metrics.Performance.ResponseTime, metrics.Performance.Throughput,
-		metrics.Performance.Concurrency, metrics.Performance.Saturation, metrics.Performance.Utilization,
-		metrics.Resources.CPUUsage, metrics.Resources.MemoryUsage, metrics.Resources.StorageUsage,
-		metrics.Resources.NetworkUsage, metrics.Resources.ResourceScore,
-	)
-
+	err := s.q.UpsertServiceMetrics(ctx, sqlcdb.UpsertServiceMetricsParams{
+		ServiceID:               metrics.ServiceID,
+		ServiceName:             metrics.ServiceName,
+		ProjectID:               metrics.ProjectID,
+		Timestamp:               metrics.Timestamp,
+		RequestsTotal:           int64N(metrics.Requests.Total),
+		RequestsSuccess:         int64N(metrics.Requests.Success),
+		RequestsErrors:          int64N(metrics.Requests.Errors),
+		RequestsAvgLatency:      numStr(metrics.Requests.AvgLatency),
+		RequestsP95Latency:      numStr(metrics.Requests.P95Latency),
+		RequestsP99Latency:      numStr(metrics.Requests.P99Latency),
+		RequestsThroughput:      numStr(metrics.Requests.Throughput),
+		ErrorsTotal:             int64N(metrics.Errors.Total),
+		ErrorsRate:              numStr(metrics.Errors.Rate),
+		PerformanceResponseTime: numStr(metrics.Performance.ResponseTime),
+		PerformanceThroughput:   numStr(metrics.Performance.Throughput),
+		PerformanceConcurrency:  int64N(metrics.Performance.Concurrency),
+		PerformanceSaturation:   numStr(metrics.Performance.Saturation),
+		PerformanceUtilization:  numStr(metrics.Performance.Utilization),
+		ResourceCpuUsage:        numStr(metrics.Resources.CPUUsage),
+		ResourceMemoryUsage:     int64N(metrics.Resources.MemoryUsage),
+		ResourceStorageUsage:    int64N(metrics.Resources.StorageUsage),
+		ResourceNetworkUsage:    int64N(metrics.Resources.NetworkUsage),
+		ResourceScore:           numStr(metrics.Resources.ResourceScore),
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to store service metrics: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	// Store instance metrics
+	// The service row must land first — instance_metrics references
+	// service_metrics(service_id, timestamp).
 	for _, instance := range metrics.Instances {
 		if err := s.storeInstanceMetrics(ctx, metrics.ServiceID, metrics.Timestamp, instance); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to store instance metrics: %w", err)
 		}
 	}
-
 	return nil
 }
 
 // GetNodeMetrics retrieves node metrics from the database
 func (s *PostgreSQLMetricsStorage) GetNodeMetrics(ctx context.Context, nodeID string, from, to time.Time) ([]*NodeMetrics, error) {
-	query := `
-		SELECT node_id, timestamp, cpu_usage, cpu_cores, load_avg_1, load_avg_5, load_avg_15,
-			   memory_total, memory_used, memory_available, memory_usage_percent,
-			   storage_total, storage_used, storage_available, storage_usage_percent,
-			   network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out,
-			   network_connections_in, network_connections_out, network_errors_in, network_errors_out,
-			   uptime, processes, os, kernel, architecture
-		FROM node_metrics
-		WHERE node_id = $1 AND timestamp BETWEEN $2 AND $3
-		ORDER BY timestamp ASC
-	`
-
-	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx, query, nodeID, from, to)
+	rows, err := s.q.ListNodeMetrics(ctx, sqlcdb.ListNodeMetricsParams{
+		NodeID:      nodeID,
+		Timestamp:   from,
+		Timestamp_2: to,
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to query node metrics: %w", err)
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
 
 	var metrics []*NodeMetrics
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var m NodeMetrics
-		err := rows.Scan(
-			&m.NodeID, &m.Timestamp, &m.CPU.UsagePercent, &m.CPU.UsageCores,
-			&m.CPU.LoadAverage1, &m.CPU.LoadAverage5, &m.CPU.LoadAverage15,
-			&m.Memory.Total, &m.Memory.Used, &m.Memory.Available, &m.Memory.UsagePercent,
-			&m.Storage.Total, &m.Storage.Used, &m.Storage.Available, &m.Storage.UsagePercent,
-			&m.Network.BytesIn, &m.Network.BytesOut, &m.Network.PacketsIn, &m.Network.PacketsOut,
-			&m.Network.ConnectionsIn, &m.Network.ConnectionsOut, &m.Network.ErrorsIn, &m.Network.ErrorsOut,
-			&m.System.Uptime, &m.System.Processes, &m.System.OS, &m.System.Kernel, &m.System.Architecture,
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to scan node metrics: %w", err)
-		}
-
-		// Get container metrics for this timestamp
-		containers, err := s.getContainerMetrics(ctx, nodeID, m.Timestamp)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get container metrics: %w", err)
-		}
-		m.Containers = containers
-
-		metrics = append(metrics, &m)
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		metrics = append(metrics, &NodeMetrics{
+			NodeID:    r.NodeID,
+			Timestamp: r.Timestamp,
+			CPU: CPUMetrics{
+				UsagePercent:  f64v(r.CpuUsage),
+				UsageCores:    f64v(r.CpuCores),
+				LoadAverage1:  f64v(r.LoadAvg1),
+				LoadAverage5:  f64v(r.LoadAvg5),
+				LoadAverage15: f64v(r.LoadAvg15),
+			},
+			Memory: MemoryMetrics{
+				Total:        i64v(r.MemoryTotal),
+				Used:         i64v(r.MemoryUsed),
+				Available:    i64v(r.MemoryAvailable),
+				UsagePercent: f64v(r.MemoryUsagePercent),
+			},
+			Storage: StorageMetrics{
+				Total:        i64v(r.StorageTotal),
+				Used:         i64v(r.StorageUsed),
+				Available:    i64v(r.StorageAvailable),
+				UsagePercent: f64v(r.StorageUsagePercent),
+			},
+			Network: NetworkMetrics{
+				BytesIn:        i64v(r.NetworkBytesIn),
+				BytesOut:       i64v(r.NetworkBytesOut),
+				PacketsIn:      i64v(r.NetworkPacketsIn),
+				PacketsOut:     i64v(r.NetworkPacketsOut),
+				ConnectionsIn:  i32v(r.NetworkConnectionsIn),
+				ConnectionsOut: i32v(r.NetworkConnectionsOut),
+				ErrorsIn:       i64v(r.NetworkErrorsIn),
+				ErrorsOut:      i64v(r.NetworkErrorsOut),
+			},
+			System: SystemMetrics{
+				Uptime:       time.Duration(r.UptimeSeconds) * time.Second,
+				Processes:    int(r.Processes.Int32),
+				OS:           r.Os.String,
+				Kernel:       r.Kernel.String,
+				Architecture: r.Architecture.String,
+			},
+		})
 	}
-
 	return metrics, nil
 }
 
 // GetServiceMetrics retrieves service metrics from the database
 func (s *PostgreSQLMetricsStorage) GetServiceMetrics(ctx context.Context, serviceID string, from, to time.Time) ([]*ServiceMetrics, error) {
-	query := `
-		SELECT service_id, service_name, project_id, timestamp,
-			   requests_total, requests_success, requests_errors, requests_avg_latency,
-			   requests_p95_latency, requests_p99_latency, requests_throughput,
-			   errors_total, errors_rate, performance_response_time, performance_throughput,
-			   performance_concurrency, performance_saturation, performance_utilization,
-			   resource_cpu_usage, resource_memory_usage, resource_storage_usage,
-			   resource_network_usage, resource_score
-		FROM service_metrics
-		WHERE service_id = $1 AND timestamp BETWEEN $2 AND $3
-		ORDER BY timestamp ASC
-	`
-
-	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx, query, serviceID, from, to)
+	rows, err := s.q.ListServiceMetrics(ctx, sqlcdb.ListServiceMetricsParams{
+		ServiceID:   serviceID,
+		Timestamp:   from,
+		Timestamp_2: to,
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to query service metrics: %w", err)
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
 
 	var metrics []*ServiceMetrics
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var m ServiceMetrics
-		err := rows.Scan(
-			&m.ServiceID, &m.ServiceName, &m.ProjectID, &m.Timestamp,
-			&m.Requests.Total, &m.Requests.Success, &m.Requests.Errors,
-			&m.Requests.AvgLatency, &m.Requests.P95Latency, &m.Requests.P99Latency,
-			&m.Requests.Throughput, &m.Errors.Total, &m.Errors.Rate,
-			&m.Performance.ResponseTime, &m.Performance.Throughput,
-			&m.Performance.Concurrency, &m.Performance.Saturation, &m.Performance.Utilization,
-			&m.Resources.CPUUsage, &m.Resources.MemoryUsage, &m.Resources.StorageUsage,
-			&m.Resources.NetworkUsage, &m.Resources.ResourceScore,
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to scan service metrics: %w", err)
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		m := &ServiceMetrics{
+			ServiceID:   r.ServiceID,
+			ServiceName: r.ServiceName,
+			ProjectID:   r.ProjectID,
+			Timestamp:   r.Timestamp,
+			Requests: RequestMetrics{
+				Total:      i64v(r.RequestsTotal),
+				Success:    i64v(r.RequestsSuccess),
+				Errors:     i64v(r.RequestsErrors),
+				AvgLatency: f64v(r.RequestsAvgLatency),
+				P95Latency: f64v(r.RequestsP95Latency),
+				P99Latency: f64v(r.RequestsP99Latency),
+				Throughput: f64v(r.RequestsThroughput),
+			},
+			Errors: ErrorMetrics{
+				Total: i64v(r.ErrorsTotal),
+				Rate:  f64v(r.ErrorsRate),
+			},
+			Performance: PerformanceMetrics{
+				ResponseTime: f64v(r.PerformanceResponseTime),
+				Throughput:   f64v(r.PerformanceThroughput),
+				Concurrency:  i64v(r.PerformanceConcurrency),
+				Saturation:   f64v(r.PerformanceSaturation),
+				Utilization:  f64v(r.PerformanceUtilization),
+			},
+			Resources: ResourceMetrics{
+				CPUUsage:      f64v(r.ResourceCpuUsage),
+				MemoryUsage:   i64v(r.ResourceMemoryUsage),
+				StorageUsage:  i64v(r.ResourceStorageUsage),
+				NetworkUsage:  i64v(r.ResourceNetworkUsage),
+				ResourceScore: f64v(r.ResourceScore),
+			},
 		}
 
-		// Get instance metrics for this timestamp
-		instances, err := s.getInstanceMetrics(ctx, serviceID, m.Timestamp)
+		instances, err := s.getInstanceMetrics(ctx, serviceID, r.Timestamp)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get instance metrics: %w", err)
 		}
 		m.Instances = instances
-
-		metrics = append(metrics, &m)
+		metrics = append(metrics, m)
 	}
-
 	return metrics, nil
 }
 
-// GetAggregatedMetrics retrieves aggregated metrics based on a query
+// GetAggregatedMetrics retrieves aggregated metrics based on a query.
+// Bucketing uses date_bin (PostgreSQL 14+) — no TimescaleDB needed.
 func (s *PostgreSQLMetricsStorage) GetAggregatedMetrics(ctx context.Context, query MetricsQuery) (*AggregatedMetrics, error) {
-	// This is a simplified implementation
-	// In a real system, you'd build dynamic SQL based on the query
-
 	var timeSeries []TimeSeriesPoint
 	var summary map[string]MetricSummary
 
 	switch query.Type {
 	case "node":
-		// Aggregate node metrics
-		nodeQuery := `
-			SELECT 
-				time_bucket($1, timestamp) AS bucket,
-				AVG(cpu_usage) as avg_cpu,
-				AVG(memory_usage_percent) as avg_memory,
-				AVG(storage_usage_percent) as avg_storage
-			FROM node_metrics
-			WHERE node_id = $2 AND timestamp BETWEEN $3 AND $4
-			GROUP BY bucket
-			ORDER BY bucket ASC
-		`
-
-		rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx, nodeQuery, query.Interval, query.ID, query.From, query.To)
+		seconds := int64(query.Interval.Seconds())
+		if seconds <= 0 {
+			seconds = 300
+		}
+		rows, err := s.q.AggregateNodeMetrics(ctx, sqlcdb.AggregateNodeMetricsParams{
+			Column1:     seconds,
+			NodeID:      query.ID,
+			Timestamp:   query.From,
+			Timestamp_2: query.To,
+		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to query aggregated node metrics: %w", err)
 		}
-		defer rows.Close()
-
-		for rows.Next() {
-			var bucket time.Time
-			var avgCPU, avgMemory, avgStorage float64
-			if err := rows.Scan(&bucket, &avgCPU, &avgMemory, &avgStorage); err != nil {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to scan aggregated metrics: %w", err)
-			}
-
-			point := TimeSeriesPoint{
+		for _, r := range rows {
+			bucket, _ := r.Bucket.(time.Time)
+			timeSeries = append(timeSeries, TimeSeriesPoint{
 				Timestamp: bucket,
 				Values: map[string]float64{
-					"cpu_usage":     avgCPU,
-					"memory_usage":  avgMemory,
-					"storage_usage": avgStorage,
+					"cpu_usage":     r.AvgCpu,
+					"memory_usage":  r.AvgMemory,
+					"storage_usage": r.AvgStorage,
 				},
-			}
-			timeSeries = append(timeSeries, point)
+			})
 		}
-
-		// Calculate summary statistics
 		summary = map[string]MetricSummary{
 			"cpu_usage":     calculateSummary(timeSeries, "cpu_usage"),
 			"memory_usage":  calculateSummary(timeSeries, "memory_usage"),
@@ -305,137 +298,69 @@ func (s *PostgreSQLMetricsStorage) GetAggregatedMetrics(ctx context.Context, que
 	}, nil
 }
 
-// Helper methods
-
-func (s *PostgreSQLMetricsStorage) storeContainerMetrics(ctx context.Context, nodeID string, timestamp time.Time, container ContainerMetrics) error {
-	query := `
-		INSERT INTO container_metrics (
-			node_id, timestamp, container_id, name, state, cpu, memory,
-			network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out, start_time
-		) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12)
-		ON CONFLICT (node_id, timestamp, container_id) DO UPDATE SET
-			name = EXCLUDED.name,
-			state = EXCLUDED.state,
-			cpu = EXCLUDED.cpu,
-			memory = EXCLUDED.memory,
-			network_bytes_in = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_in,
-			network_bytes_out = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_out,
-			network_packets_in = EXCLUDED.network_packets_in,
-			network_packets_out = EXCLUDED.network_packets_out,
-			start_time = EXCLUDED.start_time
-	`
-
-	_, err := s.db.ExecContext(ctx, query,
-		nodeID, timestamp, container.ContainerID, container.Name, container.State,
-		container.CPU, container.Memory, container.Network.BytesIn, container.Network.BytesOut,
-		container.Network.PacketsIn, container.Network.PacketsOut, container.StartTime,
-	)
-
-	return err
-}
-
 func (s *PostgreSQLMetricsStorage) storeInstanceMetrics(ctx context.Context, serviceID string, timestamp time.Time, instance InstanceMetrics) error {
-	query := `
-		INSERT INTO instance_metrics (
-			service_id, timestamp, instance_id, node_id, status, cpu, memory,
-			network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out,
-			network_connections_in, network_connections_out, network_errors_in, network_errors_out,
-			start_time, last_seen, health_status, health_last_check, health_check_count, health_failure_count
-		) VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15, $16, $17, $18, $19, $20, $21)
-		ON CONFLICT (service_id, timestamp, instance_id) DO UPDATE SET
-			node_id = EXCLUDED.node_id,
-			status = EXCLUDED.status,
-			cpu = EXCLUDED.cpu,
-			memory = EXCLUDED.memory,
-			network_bytes_in = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_in,
-			network_bytes_out = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_out,
-			network_packets_in = EXCLUDED.network_packets_in,
-			network_packets_out = EXCLUDED.network_packets_out,
-			network_connections_in = EXCLUDED.network_connections_in,
-			network_connections_out = EXCLUDED.network_connections_out,
-			network_errors_in = EXCLUDED.network_errors_in,
-			network_errors_out = EXCLUDED.network_errors_out,
-			start_time = EXCLUDED.start_time,
-			last_seen = EXCLUDED.last_seen,
-			health_status = EXCLUDED.health_status,
-			health_last_check = EXCLUDED.health_last_check,
-			health_check_count = EXCLUDED.health_check_count,
-			health_failure_count = EXCLUDED.health_failure_count
-	`
-
-	_, err := s.db.ExecContext(ctx, query,
-		serviceID, timestamp, instance.InstanceID, instance.NodeID, instance.Status,
-		instance.CPU, instance.Memory, instance.Network.BytesIn, instance.Network.BytesOut,
-		instance.Network.PacketsIn, instance.Network.PacketsOut, instance.Network.ConnectionsIn,
-		instance.Network.ConnectionsOut, instance.Network.ErrorsIn, instance.Network.ErrorsOut,
-		instance.StartTime, instance.LastSeen, instance.Health.Status, instance.Health.LastCheck,
-		instance.Health.CheckCount, instance.Health.FailureCount,
-	)
-
-	return err
-}
-
-func (s *PostgreSQLMetricsStorage) getContainerMetrics(ctx context.Context, nodeID string, timestamp time.Time) ([]ContainerMetrics, error) {
-	query := `
-		SELECT container_id, name, state, cpu, memory,
-			   network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out, start_time
-		FROM container_metrics
-		WHERE node_id = $1 AND timestamp = $2
-	`
-
-	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx, query, nodeID, timestamp)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	defer rows.Close()
-
-	var containers []ContainerMetrics
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var c ContainerMetrics
-		err := rows.Scan(
-			&c.ContainerID, &c.Name, &c.State, &c.CPU, &c.Memory,
-			&c.Network.BytesIn, &c.Network.BytesOut, &c.Network.PacketsIn, &c.Network.PacketsOut, &c.StartTime,
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		containers = append(containers, c)
-	}
-
-	return containers, nil
+	return s.q.UpsertInstanceMetrics(ctx, sqlcdb.UpsertInstanceMetricsParams{
+		ServiceID:             serviceID,
+		Timestamp:             timestamp,
+		InstanceID:            instance.InstanceID,
+		NodeID:                strN(instance.NodeID),
+		Status:                strN(instance.Status),
+		Cpu:                   numStr(instance.CPU),
+		Memory:                int64N(instance.Memory),
+		NetworkBytesIn:        int64N(instance.Network.BytesIn),
+		NetworkBytesOut:       int64N(instance.Network.BytesOut),
+		NetworkPacketsIn:      int64N(instance.Network.PacketsIn),
+		NetworkPacketsOut:     int64N(instance.Network.PacketsOut),
+		NetworkConnectionsIn:  int32N(instance.Network.ConnectionsIn),
+		NetworkConnectionsOut: int32N(instance.Network.ConnectionsOut),
+		NetworkErrorsIn:       int64N(instance.Network.ErrorsIn),
+		NetworkErrorsOut:      int64N(instance.Network.ErrorsOut),
+		StartTime:             timeN(instance.StartTime),
+		LastSeen:              timeN(instance.LastSeen),
+		HealthStatus:          strN(instance.Health.Status),
+		HealthLastCheck:       timeN(instance.Health.LastCheck),
+		HealthCheckCount:      sql.NullInt32{Int32: int32(instance.Health.CheckCount), Valid: true},
+		HealthFailureCount:    sql.NullInt32{Int32: int32(instance.Health.FailureCount), Valid: true},
+	})
 }
 
 func (s *PostgreSQLMetricsStorage) getInstanceMetrics(ctx context.Context, serviceID string, timestamp time.Time) ([]InstanceMetrics, error) {
-	query := `
-		SELECT instance_id, node_id, status, cpu, memory,
-			   network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out,
-			   network_connections_in, network_connections_out, network_errors_in, network_errors_out,
-			   start_time, last_seen, health_status, health_last_check, health_check_count, health_failure_count
-		FROM instance_metrics
-		WHERE service_id = $1 AND timestamp = $2
-	`
-
-	rows, err := s.db.QueryContext(ctx, query, serviceID, timestamp)
+	rows, err := s.q.ListInstanceMetrics(ctx, sqlcdb.ListInstanceMetricsParams{
+		ServiceID: serviceID,
+		Timestamp: timestamp,
+	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	defer rows.Close()
 
 	var instances []InstanceMetrics
-	for rows.Next() {
-		var i InstanceMetrics
-		err := rows.Scan(
-			&i.InstanceID, &i.NodeID, &i.Status, &i.CPU, &i.Memory,
-			&i.Network.BytesIn, &i.Network.BytesOut, &i.Network.PacketsIn, &i.Network.PacketsOut,
-			&i.Network.ConnectionsIn, &i.Network.ConnectionsOut, &i.Network.ErrorsIn, &i.Network.ErrorsOut,
-			&i.StartTime, &i.LastSeen, &i.Health.Status, &i.Health.LastCheck, &i.Health.CheckCount, &i.Health.FailureCount,
-		)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		instances = append(instances, i)
+	for _, r := range rows {
+		instances = append(instances, InstanceMetrics{
+			InstanceID: r.InstanceID,
+			NodeID:     r.NodeID.String,
+			Status:     r.Status.String,
+			CPU:        f64v(r.Cpu),
+			Memory:     i64v(r.Memory),
+			Network: NetworkMetrics{
+				BytesIn:        i64v(r.NetworkBytesIn),
+				BytesOut:       i64v(r.NetworkBytesOut),
+				PacketsIn:      i64v(r.NetworkPacketsIn),
+				PacketsOut:     i64v(r.NetworkPacketsOut),
+				ConnectionsIn:  i32v(r.NetworkConnectionsIn),
+				ConnectionsOut: i32v(r.NetworkConnectionsOut),
+				ErrorsIn:       i64v(r.NetworkErrorsIn),
+				ErrorsOut:      i64v(r.NetworkErrorsOut),
+			},
+			StartTime: r.StartTime.Time,
+			LastSeen:  r.LastSeen.Time,
+			Health: HealthMetrics{
+				Status:       r.HealthStatus.String,
+				LastCheck:    r.HealthLastCheck.Time,
+				CheckCount:   int(r.HealthCheckCount.Int32),
+				FailureCount: int(r.HealthFailureCount.Int32),
+			},
+		})
 	}
-
 	return instances, nil
 }
 
@@ -544,7 +469,9 @@ func (s *InMemoryMetricsStorage) GetServiceMetrics(ctx context.Context, serviceI
 }
 
 func (s *InMemoryMetricsStorage) GetAggregatedMetrics(ctx context.Context, query MetricsQuery) (*AggregatedMetrics, error) {
-	// Simplified implementation
+	s.mu.RLock()
+	defer s.mu.RUnlock()
+
 	return &AggregatedMetrics{
 		Query:      query,
 		TimeSeries: []TimeSeriesPoint{},

app/backend/internal/metrics/storage_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+package metrics
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// Live round-trip against a real Postgres — set METRICS_TEST_DSN (or
+// DATABASE_URL) to enable. Skipped by default so unit runs stay hermetic.
+func testDSN(t *testing.T) *sql.DB {
+	t.Helper()
+	dsn := os.Getenv("METRICS_TEST_DSN")
+	if dsn == "" {
+		dsn = os.Getenv("DATABASE_URL")
+	}
+	if dsn == "" {
+		t.Skip("METRICS_TEST_DSN not set")
+	}
+	db, err := sql.Open("postgres", dsn)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("open: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := db.PingContext(context.Background()); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("ping: %v", err)
+	}
+	t.Cleanup(func() { db.Close() })
+	return db
+}
+
+func TestPostgresStorageRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
+	db := testDSN(t)
+	s := NewPostgreSQLMetricsStorage(db)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	ts := time.Now().UTC().Truncate(time.Second)
+	nodeID := "test-node-" + ts.Format("150405")
+	svcID := "test-svc-" + ts.Format("150405")
+
+	// Clean slate + teardown
+	db.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM instance_metrics WHERE service_id = $1`, svcID)
+	db.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM service_metrics WHERE service_id = $1`, svcID)
+	db.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM node_metrics WHERE node_id = $1`, nodeID)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		db.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM instance_metrics WHERE service_id = $1`, svcID)
+		db.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM service_metrics WHERE service_id = $1`, svcID)
+		db.ExecContext(ctx, `DELETE FROM node_metrics WHERE node_id = $1`, nodeID)
+	})
+
+	node := &NodeMetrics{
+		NodeID:    nodeID,
+		Timestamp: ts,
+		CPU:       CPUMetrics{UsagePercent: 42.5, UsageCores: 1.7, LoadAverage1: 0.5, LoadAverage5: 0.4, LoadAverage15: 0.3},
+		Memory:    MemoryMetrics{Total: 16 << 30, Used: 8 << 30, Available: 8 << 30, UsagePercent: 50.0},
+		Storage:   StorageMetrics{Total: 100 << 30, Used: 40 << 30, Available: 60 << 30, UsagePercent: 40.0},
+		Network:   NetworkMetrics{BytesIn: 1000, BytesOut: 2000, PacketsIn: 10, PacketsOut: 20, ConnectionsIn: 3, ConnectionsOut: 4, ErrorsIn: 0, ErrorsOut: 1},
+		System:    SystemMetrics{Uptime: 3600 * time.Second, Processes: 120, OS: "linux", Kernel: "6.8", Architecture: "amd64"},
+	}
+	if err := s.StoreNodeMetrics(ctx, node); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("store node: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Upsert idempotent on the same key.
+	if err := s.StoreNodeMetrics(ctx, node); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("store node (repeat): %v", err)
+	}
+
+	svc := &ServiceMetrics{
+		ServiceID:   svcID,
+		ServiceName: "svc",
+		ProjectID:   "proj",
+		Timestamp:   ts,
+		Requests:    RequestMetrics{Total: 100, Success: 95, Errors: 5, AvgLatency: 12.5, P95Latency: 80, P99Latency: 120, Throughput: 3.3},
+		Errors:      ErrorMetrics{Total: 5, Rate: 0.05},
+		Performance: PerformanceMetrics{ResponseTime: 12.5, Throughput: 3.3, Concurrency: 2, Saturation: 0.4, Utilization: 0.55},
+		Resources:   ResourceMetrics{CPUUsage: 42.5, MemoryUsage: 512 << 20, StorageUsage: 1 << 30, NetworkUsage: 3000, ResourceScore: 0.7},
+		Instances: []InstanceMetrics{{
+			InstanceID: "inst-1",
+			NodeID:     nodeID,
+			Status:     "running",
+			CPU:        42.5,
+			Memory:     512 << 20,
+			Network:    NetworkMetrics{BytesIn: 1000, BytesOut: 2000},
+			StartTime:  ts.Add(-time.Hour),
+			LastSeen:   ts,
+			Health:     HealthMetrics{Status: "healthy", LastCheck: ts, CheckCount: 10, FailureCount: 0},
+		}},
+	}
+	if err := s.StoreServiceMetrics(ctx, svc); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("store service: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	from, to := ts.Add(-time.Minute), ts.Add(time.Minute)
+	gotNodes, err := s.GetNodeMetrics(ctx, nodeID, from, to)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get nodes: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(gotNodes) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("want 1 node row, got %d", len(gotNodes))
+	}
+	if got := gotNodes[0]; got.CPU.UsagePercent != 42.5 || got.System.Processes != 120 || got.System.Uptime != time.Hour {
+		t.Errorf("node round-trip mismatch: %+v", got)
+	}
+
+	gotSvcs, err := s.GetServiceMetrics(ctx, svcID, from, to)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("get services: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(gotSvcs) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("want 1 service row, got %d", len(gotSvcs))
+	}
+	if gotSvcs[0].Requests.P99Latency != 120 {
+		t.Errorf("p99 mismatch: %v", gotSvcs[0].Requests.P99Latency)
+	}
+	if len(gotSvcs[0].Instances) != 1 || gotSvcs[0].Instances[0].Health.Status != "healthy" {
+		t.Errorf("instance join mismatch: %+v", gotSvcs[0].Instances)
+	}
+
+	agg, err := s.GetAggregatedMetrics(ctx, MetricsQuery{Type: "node", ID: nodeID, From: from, To: to, Interval: 5 * time.Minute})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("aggregate: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(agg.TimeSeries) != 1 || agg.TimeSeries[0].Values["cpu_usage"] != 42.5 {
+		t.Errorf("aggregate mismatch: %+v", agg.TimeSeries)
+	}
+	if agg.Summary["cpu_usage"].Avg != 42.5 {
+		t.Errorf("summary mismatch: %+v", agg.Summary)
+	}
+}

app/backend/sqlc/queries/cron.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+-- name: GetCronJobProjectID :one
+SELECT project_id FROM cron_jobs WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetCronOwnerViaService :one
+SELECT p.owner_id FROM projects p
+JOIN services s ON s.project_id = p.id
+WHERE s.id = $1;
+
+-- name: InsertCronJob :exec
+INSERT INTO cron_jobs (id, project_id, service_id, name, schedule, command, timezone, enabled, next_run_at, retention, created_at, updated_at)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12);
+
+-- name: GetCronJob :one
+SELECT id, project_id, service_id, name, schedule, command, timezone,
+       enabled, last_run_at, next_run_at, last_status, last_output,
+       retention, created_at, updated_at
+FROM cron_jobs WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetCronJobOwner :one
+SELECT p.owner_id FROM cron_jobs cj
+JOIN projects p ON cj.project_id = p.id
+WHERE cj.id = $1;
+
+-- name: DeleteCronJob :exec
+DELETE FROM cron_jobs WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: ListCronExecutions :many
+SELECT id, cron_job_id, started_at, finished_at, status, output, error
+FROM cron_executions
+WHERE cron_job_id = $1
+ORDER BY started_at DESC
+LIMIT 100;
+
+-- name: GetCronJobForTrigger :one
+SELECT cj.service_id, cj.command, cj.schedule, cj.timezone, cj.retention, p.owner_id
+FROM cron_jobs cj
+JOIN projects p ON cj.project_id = p.id
+WHERE cj.id = $1;
+
+-- name: InsertCronExecution :exec
+INSERT INTO cron_executions (id, cron_job_id, started_at, status)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4);
+
+-- name: ListDueCronJobs :many
+SELECT id, project_id, service_id, name, schedule, command, timezone, enabled, retention
+FROM cron_jobs
+WHERE enabled = TRUE AND next_run_at IS NOT NULL AND next_run_at <= NOW();
+
+-- name: FinishCronExecution :exec
+UPDATE cron_executions SET finished_at = $1, status = $2, output = $3, error = $4 WHERE id = $5;
+
+-- name: UpdateCronJobRun :exec
+UPDATE cron_jobs SET last_run_at = $1, last_status = $2, last_output = $3, next_run_at = $4 WHERE id = $5;
+
+-- name: TrimCronExecutions :exec
+DELETE FROM cron_executions WHERE cron_executions.cron_job_id = $1 AND cron_executions.id NOT IN (
+    SELECT ce.id FROM cron_executions ce WHERE ce.cron_job_id = $1
+    ORDER BY ce.started_at DESC LIMIT $2);

app/backend/sqlc/queries/deployments.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+-- name: CountDeploymentsForService :one
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM deployments WHERE service_id = $1;
+
+-- name: ListDeploymentsForService :many
+SELECT id, service_id, commit_hash, status, image_name, image_tag,
+       build_log, runtime_log, error, started_at, completed_at, created_at, updated_at
+FROM deployments
+WHERE service_id = $1
+ORDER BY created_at DESC
+LIMIT $2 OFFSET $3;
+
+-- name: CountAccessibleDeployments :one
+SELECT COUNT(*)
+FROM deployments d
+JOIN services s ON s.id = d.service_id
+JOIN projects p ON p.id = s.project_id
+WHERE p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1 OR $2::bool
+   OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1);
+
+-- name: ListRecentAccessibleDeployments :many
+SELECT d.id, d.service_id, s.name AS service_name, p.name AS project_name, d.status,
+       COALESCE(d.image_name, '') AS image_name, d.started_at, d.completed_at, d.created_at
+FROM deployments d
+JOIN services s ON s.id = d.service_id
+JOIN projects p ON p.id = s.project_id
+WHERE p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1 OR $2::bool
+   OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1)
+ORDER BY d.created_at DESC
+LIMIT $3 OFFSET $4;
+
+-- name: GetServiceForDeployWithOwner :one
+SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name, s.type, s.status, s.image, s.command,
+       s.environment, s.git_repo, s.git_branch, s.build_path, s.cpu, s.memory,
+       COALESCE(s.replicas, 1) AS replicas, COALESCE(s.port, 0) AS port,
+       COALESCE(s.domain, '') AS domain, COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, '') AS healthcheck_path,
+       COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped') AS restart_policy,
+       COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto') AS builder, COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, '') AS cpu_reserve,
+       COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, '') AS memory_reserve, COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, '') AS static_build_cmd,
+       COALESCE(s.static_dir, '') AS static_dir,
+       s.created_at, s.updated_at, p.owner_id
+FROM services s
+JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+WHERE s.id = $1;
+
+-- name: InsertDeployment :exec
+INSERT INTO deployments
+    (id, service_id, version, commit_hash, status, image_name, image_tag, created_at, updated_at)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9);
+
+-- name: FailDeployment :exec
+UPDATE deployments
+SET status = 'failed', error = $1, completed_at = $2, updated_at = $2
+WHERE id = $3;
+
+-- name: CompleteDeployment :exec
+UPDATE deployments
+SET status = $1, error = $2, completed_at = $3, updated_at = $3
+WHERE id = $4;
+
+-- name: SetDeploymentStatus :exec
+UPDATE deployments SET status = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3;
+
+-- name: SetServiceStatus :exec
+UPDATE services SET status = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3;
+
+-- name: SyncDeploymentProgress :exec
+UPDATE deployments
+SET status = $1,
+    image_name = $2,
+    image_tag = $3,
+    build_log = $4,
+    runtime_log = $5,
+    error = $6,
+    started_at = $7,
+    completed_at = $8,
+    updated_at = $9
+WHERE id = $10;
+
+-- name: GetDeploymentAccess :one
+SELECT d.status, d.service_id, p.owner_id
+FROM deployments d
+JOIN services s ON d.service_id = s.id
+JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+WHERE d.id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetDeploymentWithProject :one
+SELECT d.id, d.service_id, d.commit_hash, d.status, d.image_name, d.image_tag,
+       d.build_log, d.runtime_log, d.error, d.started_at, d.completed_at,
+       d.created_at, d.updated_at, p.id AS project_id
+FROM deployments d
+JOIN services s ON d.service_id = s.id
+JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+WHERE d.id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetDeploymentForRollback :one
+SELECT d.id, d.service_id, d.commit_hash, d.status, d.image_name, d.image_tag,
+       d.build_log, d.runtime_log, d.error, d.started_at, d.completed_at,
+       d.created_at, d.updated_at, p.owner_id
+FROM deployments d
+JOIN services s ON d.service_id = s.id
+JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+WHERE d.id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetServicePublishedPort :one
+SELECT published_port FROM services WHERE id = $1;

app/backend/sqlc/queries/domains.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+-- name: ListServiceDomains :many
+SELECT id, service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type, cert_status, last_checked_at, created_at
+FROM service_domains
+WHERE service_id = $1
+ORDER BY is_default DESC, created_at ASC;
+
+-- name: CountServiceDomains :one
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1;
+
+-- name: ClearServiceDomainDefault :exec
+UPDATE service_domains SET is_default = false WHERE service_id = $1;
+
+-- name: CreateServiceDomain :one
+INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
+RETURNING id, service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type, cert_status, created_at;
+
+-- name: DeleteServiceDomain :execrows
+DELETE FROM service_domains WHERE id = $1 AND service_id = $2;
+
+-- name: SetServiceDomainDefault :execrows
+UPDATE service_domains SET is_default = (id = $1) WHERE service_id = $2;
+
+-- name: TouchServiceDomainChecked :exec
+UPDATE service_domains SET last_checked_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetServiceDomainDefault :one
+SELECT domain FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1 AND is_default;
+
+-- name: GetServiceDomainFirst :one
+SELECT domain FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1 ORDER BY created_at ASC LIMIT 1;
+
+-- name: SetServiceLegacyDomain :exec
+UPDATE services SET domain = $1 WHERE id = $2;
+
+-- name: GetServicePlacementBrief :one
+SELECT name, node_id, COALESCE(spread, false) AS spread FROM services WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetServiceAccess :one
+SELECT maintenance_mode, basic_auth_users FROM services WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: ServiceWriteAccess :one
+SELECT EXISTS(
+    SELECT 1 FROM services s JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+    WHERE s.id = $1 AND (p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool)
+) AS allowed;

app/backend/sqlc/queries/metrics.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+-- name: UpsertNodeMetrics :exec
+INSERT INTO node_metrics (
+    node_id, timestamp, cpu_usage, cpu_cores, load_avg_1, load_avg_5, load_avg_15,
+    memory_total, memory_used, memory_available, memory_usage_percent,
+    storage_total, storage_used, storage_available, storage_usage_percent,
+    network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out,
+    network_connections_in, network_connections_out, network_errors_in, network_errors_out,
+    uptime, processes, os, kernel, architecture
+) VALUES (
+    $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15,
+    $16, $17, $18, $19, $20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26, $27, $28
+)
+ON CONFLICT (node_id, timestamp) DO UPDATE SET
+    cpu_usage = EXCLUDED.cpu_usage,
+    cpu_cores = EXCLUDED.cpu_cores,
+    load_avg_1 = EXCLUDED.load_avg_1,
+    load_avg_5 = EXCLUDED.load_avg_5,
+    load_avg_15 = EXCLUDED.load_avg_15,
+    memory_total = EXCLUDED.memory_total,
+    memory_used = EXCLUDED.memory_used,
+    memory_available = EXCLUDED.memory_available,
+    memory_usage_percent = EXCLUDED.memory_usage_percent,
+    storage_total = EXCLUDED.storage_total,
+    storage_used = EXCLUDED.storage_used,
+    storage_available = EXCLUDED.storage_available,
+    storage_usage_percent = EXCLUDED.storage_usage_percent,
+    network_bytes_in = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_in,
+    network_bytes_out = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_out,
+    network_packets_in = EXCLUDED.network_packets_in,
+    network_packets_out = EXCLUDED.network_packets_out,
+    network_connections_in = EXCLUDED.network_connections_in,
+    network_connections_out = EXCLUDED.network_connections_out,
+    network_errors_in = EXCLUDED.network_errors_in,
+    network_errors_out = EXCLUDED.network_errors_out,
+    uptime = EXCLUDED.uptime,
+    processes = EXCLUDED.processes,
+    os = EXCLUDED.os,
+    kernel = EXCLUDED.kernel,
+    architecture = EXCLUDED.architecture;
+
+-- name: UpsertServiceMetrics :exec
+INSERT INTO service_metrics (
+    service_id, service_name, project_id, timestamp,
+    requests_total, requests_success, requests_errors, requests_avg_latency,
+    requests_p95_latency, requests_p99_latency, requests_throughput,
+    errors_total, errors_rate, performance_response_time, performance_throughput,
+    performance_concurrency, performance_saturation, performance_utilization,
+    resource_cpu_usage, resource_memory_usage, resource_storage_usage,
+    resource_network_usage, resource_score
+) VALUES (
+    $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15,
+    $16, $17, $18, $19, $20, $21, $22, $23
+)
+ON CONFLICT (service_id, timestamp) DO UPDATE SET
+    requests_total = EXCLUDED.requests_total,
+    requests_success = EXCLUDED.requests_success,
+    requests_errors = EXCLUDED.requests_errors,
+    requests_avg_latency = EXCLUDED.requests_avg_latency,
+    requests_p95_latency = EXCLUDED.requests_p95_latency,
+    requests_p99_latency = EXCLUDED.requests_p99_latency,
+    requests_throughput = EXCLUDED.requests_throughput,
+    errors_total = EXCLUDED.errors_total,
+    errors_rate = EXCLUDED.errors_rate,
+    performance_response_time = EXCLUDED.performance_response_time,
+    performance_throughput = EXCLUDED.performance_throughput,
+    performance_concurrency = EXCLUDED.performance_concurrency,
+    performance_saturation = EXCLUDED.performance_saturation,
+    performance_utilization = EXCLUDED.performance_utilization,
+    resource_cpu_usage = EXCLUDED.resource_cpu_usage,
+    resource_memory_usage = EXCLUDED.resource_memory_usage,
+    resource_storage_usage = EXCLUDED.resource_storage_usage,
+    resource_network_usage = EXCLUDED.resource_network_usage,
+    resource_score = EXCLUDED.resource_score;
+
+-- name: UpsertInstanceMetrics :exec
+INSERT INTO instance_metrics (
+    service_id, timestamp, instance_id, node_id, status, cpu, memory,
+    network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out,
+    network_connections_in, network_connections_out, network_errors_in, network_errors_out,
+    start_time, last_seen, health_status, health_last_check, health_check_count, health_failure_count
+) VALUES (
+    $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15,
+    $16, $17, $18, $19, $20, $21
+)
+ON CONFLICT (service_id, timestamp, instance_id) DO UPDATE SET
+    node_id = EXCLUDED.node_id,
+    status = EXCLUDED.status,
+    cpu = EXCLUDED.cpu,
+    memory = EXCLUDED.memory,
+    network_bytes_in = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_in,
+    network_bytes_out = EXCLUDED.network_bytes_out,
+    network_packets_in = EXCLUDED.network_packets_in,
+    network_packets_out = EXCLUDED.network_packets_out,
+    network_connections_in = EXCLUDED.network_connections_in,
+    network_connections_out = EXCLUDED.network_connections_out,
+    network_errors_in = EXCLUDED.network_errors_in,
+    network_errors_out = EXCLUDED.network_errors_out,
+    start_time = EXCLUDED.start_time,
+    last_seen = EXCLUDED.last_seen,
+    health_status = EXCLUDED.health_status,
+    health_last_check = EXCLUDED.health_last_check,
+    health_check_count = EXCLUDED.health_check_count,
+    health_failure_count = EXCLUDED.health_failure_count;
+
+-- name: ListNodeMetrics :many
+SELECT node_id, timestamp, cpu_usage, cpu_cores, load_avg_1, load_avg_5, load_avg_15,
+       memory_total, memory_used, memory_available, memory_usage_percent,
+       storage_total, storage_used, storage_available, storage_usage_percent,
+       network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out,
+       network_connections_in, network_connections_out, network_errors_in, network_errors_out,
+       coalesce(extract(epoch from uptime), 0)::bigint AS uptime_seconds,
+       processes, os, kernel, architecture
+FROM node_metrics
+WHERE node_id = $1 AND timestamp BETWEEN $2 AND $3
+ORDER BY timestamp ASC;
+
+-- name: ListServiceMetrics :many
+SELECT service_id, service_name, project_id, timestamp,
+       requests_total, requests_success, requests_errors, requests_avg_latency,
+       requests_p95_latency, requests_p99_latency, requests_throughput,
+       errors_total, errors_rate, performance_response_time, performance_throughput,
+       performance_concurrency, performance_saturation, performance_utilization,
+       resource_cpu_usage, resource_memory_usage, resource_storage_usage,
+       resource_network_usage, resource_score
+FROM service_metrics
+WHERE service_id = $1 AND timestamp BETWEEN $2 AND $3
+ORDER BY timestamp ASC;
+
+-- name: ListInstanceMetrics :many
+SELECT instance_id, node_id, status, cpu, memory,
+       network_bytes_in, network_bytes_out, network_packets_in, network_packets_out,
+       network_connections_in, network_connections_out, network_errors_in, network_errors_out,
+       start_time, last_seen, health_status, health_last_check, health_check_count, health_failure_count
+FROM instance_metrics
+WHERE service_id = $1 AND timestamp = $2;
+
+-- name: AggregateNodeMetrics :many
+-- Portable bucket bucketing (no TimescaleDB): floor epoch seconds into
+-- bucket-sized buckets, then back to timestamptz.
+SELECT date_bin($1::interval, timestamp, '2000-01-01'::timestamptz) AS bucket,
+       AVG(cpu_usage)::float8 AS avg_cpu,
+       AVG(memory_usage_percent)::float8 AS avg_memory,
+       AVG(storage_usage_percent)::float8 AS avg_storage
+FROM node_metrics
+WHERE node_id = $2 AND timestamp BETWEEN $3 AND $4
+GROUP BY bucket
+ORDER BY bucket ASC;

app/backend/sqlc/queries/preview_environments.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+-- name: ListPreviewEnvironmentsForProject :many
+SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.preview_service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.pr_number,
+       pe.environment, pe.status, pe.url, pe.expires_at, pe.created_at, pe.updated_at,
+       s.id AS svc_id, s.name AS service_name, s.type AS service_type
+FROM preview_environments pe
+LEFT JOIN services s ON pe.service_id = s.id
+WHERE pe.project_id = $1
+ORDER BY pe.created_at DESC;
+
+-- name: GetPreviewEnvironment :one
+SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.preview_service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.pr_number,
+       pe.environment, pe.status, pe.url, pe.expires_at, pe.created_at, pe.updated_at,
+       s.id AS svc_id, s.name AS service_name, s.type AS service_type
+FROM preview_environments pe
+LEFT JOIN services s ON pe.service_id = s.id
+JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
+WHERE pe.id = $1 AND (p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool
+    OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $2));
+
+-- name: GetPreviewEnvironmentForWrite :one
+SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.pr_number,
+       pe.environment, pe.status, pe.url, pe.expires_at, pe.created_at, pe.updated_at
+FROM preview_environments pe
+JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
+WHERE pe.id = $1 AND (p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool);
+
+-- name: GetPreviewEnvironmentForPromote :one
+SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.preview_service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.environment, pe.status
+FROM preview_environments pe
+JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
+WHERE pe.id = $1 AND (p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool);
+
+-- name: GetPreviewEnvironmentOwner :one
+SELECT p.owner_id
+FROM preview_environments pe
+JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
+WHERE pe.id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetPreviewServiceID :one
+SELECT preview_service_id FROM preview_environments WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: UpdatePreviewEnvironment :exec
+UPDATE preview_environments
+SET status = $1, url = $2, expires_at = $3, updated_at = $4
+WHERE id = $5;
+
+-- name: MarkPreviewEnvironmentStatus :exec
+UPDATE preview_environments SET status = $1, updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $2;
+
+-- name: DeletePreviewEnvironment :exec
+DELETE FROM preview_environments WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: CountActivePreviewsForBranch :one
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM preview_environments
+WHERE service_id = $1 AND branch_name = $2 AND status NOT IN ('expired', 'stopped');
+
+-- name: CreatePreviewEnvironment :exec
+INSERT INTO preview_environments
+    (id, project_id, service_id, preview_service_id, branch_name, pr_number, environment,
+     status, url, expires_at, created_at, updated_at)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12);
+
+-- name: UpdateServicePreviewBranch :exec
+UPDATE services SET git_branch = $1, domain = '', updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $2;
+
+-- name: DeleteAllServiceDomains :exec
+DELETE FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1;
+
+-- name: CreatePreviewDomain :exec
+INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type) VALUES ($1, $2, true, 'tls');
+
+-- name: InsertPendingDeployment :exec
+INSERT INTO deployments (id, service_id, version, commit_hash, status, created_at, updated_at)
+VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, 'pending', NOW(), NOW());
+
+-- name: ListExpiredPreviewsForUser :many
+SELECT pe.id, pe.project_id, pe.service_id, pe.preview_service_id, pe.branch_name, pe.environment
+FROM preview_environments pe
+JOIN projects p ON pe.project_id = p.id
+WHERE (p.owner_id = $1 OR $2::bool) AND pe.expires_at < NOW() AND pe.status != 'expired';
+
+-- name: ListSweepablePreviews :many
+SELECT id, preview_service_id FROM preview_environments
+WHERE expires_at < NOW() AND status NOT IN ('expired', 'stopped');
+
+-- name: SyncPreviewStatuses :exec
+UPDATE preview_environments pe
+SET status = derived.st, updated_at = NOW()
+FROM (
+    SELECT pe2.id,
+        CASE
+            WHEN s.status IN ('running', 'deployed') THEN 'running'
+            WHEN s.status IN ('failed', 'error') THEN 'failed'
+            WHEN s.status IN ('building', 'deploying', 'queued', 'pending', 'cloning') THEN 'building'
+            ELSE pe2.status
+        END AS st
+    FROM preview_environments pe2
+    JOIN services s ON pe2.preview_service_id = s.id
+) derived
+WHERE pe.id = derived.id
+  AND pe.status IN ('building', 'running', 'failed')
+  AND pe.status <> derived.st;
+
+-- name: GetProjectBrief :one
+SELECT id, name, owner_id FROM projects WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetServiceTypeBrief :one
+SELECT id, name, COALESCE(type, service_type, '') AS service_type FROM services WHERE id = $1 AND project_id = $2;
+
+-- name: GetServiceForDeploy :one
+SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name, s.type, s.status, s.image, s.command,
+       s.environment, s.git_repo, s.git_branch, s.build_path, s.cpu, s.memory,
+       COALESCE(s.replicas, 1) AS replicas, COALESCE(s.port, 0) AS port,
+       COALESCE(s.domain, '') AS domain, COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, '') AS healthcheck_path,
+       COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped') AS restart_policy,
+       COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto') AS builder, COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, '') AS cpu_reserve,
+       COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, '') AS memory_reserve, COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, '') AS static_build_cmd,
+       COALESCE(s.static_dir, '') AS static_dir,
+       s.created_at, s.updated_at
+FROM services s
+WHERE s.id = $1;

app/backend/sqlc/queries/runtime.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+-- name: ListNodeAgentsForService :many
+SELECT DISTINCT node_agent_id FROM container_instances WHERE service_id = $1;
+
+-- name: ListServiceVariableValues :many
+SELECT key, value FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1;
+
+-- name: ListServiceVariablesWithSecret :many
+SELECT key, value, COALESCE(is_secret, false) AS is_secret
+FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1;
+
+-- name: ListProjectServiceRefs :many
+SELECT id, name FROM services WHERE project_id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetServicePort :one
+SELECT COALESCE(port, 0) AS port FROM services WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetServiceVariableValue :one
+SELECT value FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1 AND key = $2;
+
+-- name: GetServiceRuntimeWithOwner :one
+SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name,
+       COALESCE(s.type, s.service_type, '') AS type, COALESCE(s.status, '') AS status,
+       COALESCE(s.image, s.image_name, '') AS image, COALESCE(s.command, s.start_command, '') AS command,
+       COALESCE(s.environment, '') AS environment, COALESCE(s.git_repo, s.source_url, '') AS git_repo,
+       COALESCE(s.git_branch, '') AS git_branch, COALESCE(s.build_path, '') AS build_path,
+       COALESCE(s.cpu, '') AS cpu, COALESCE(s.memory, '') AS memory,
+       COALESCE(s.replicas, 1) AS replicas, COALESCE(s.port, 0) AS port,
+       COALESCE(s.domain, '') AS domain, COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, '') AS healthcheck_path,
+       COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped') AS restart_policy,
+       COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto') AS builder, COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, '') AS cpu_reserve,
+       COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, '') AS memory_reserve, COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, '') AS static_build_cmd,
+       COALESCE(s.static_dir, '') AS static_dir,
+       s.created_at, s.updated_at, p.owner_id
+FROM services s
+JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+WHERE s.id = $1;
+
+-- name: GetLastDeployedImage :one
+SELECT (image_name || ':' || image_tag)::text AS image FROM deployments
+WHERE service_id = $1 AND status = 'deployed' AND image_name <> ''
+ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1;
+
+-- name: SetServicePublishedPort :exec
+UPDATE services SET published_port = $1 WHERE id = $2 AND published_port <> $1;
+
+-- name: SetServiceReplicas :exec
+UPDATE services SET replicas = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3;

app/backend/sqlc/queries/service_ops.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+-- name: CountServicesByName :one
+SELECT COUNT(*) FROM services WHERE project_id = $1 AND name = $2;
+
+-- name: GetServiceEnvironment :one
+SELECT COALESCE(environment, '') FROM services WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: CloneServiceRow :exec
+INSERT INTO services
+    (id, project_id, name, environment_id, service_type, source_type, source_url, image_name,
+     build_command, start_command, type, status, image, command, environment,
+     git_repo, git_branch, build_path, cpu, memory, replicas, port, domain,
+     healthcheck_path, restart_policy, volumes, maintenance_mode, basic_auth_users,
+     builder, cpu_reserve, memory_reserve, static_build_cmd, static_dir,
+     traefik_labels, created_at, updated_at)
+SELECT $1, $2, $3, $4, service_type, source_type, source_url, image_name,
+     build_command, start_command, type, 'stopped', image, command, $5,
+     git_repo, git_branch, build_path, cpu, memory, replicas, port, domain,
+     healthcheck_path, restart_policy, volumes, $6, $7,
+     builder, cpu_reserve, memory_reserve, static_build_cmd, static_dir,
+     traefik_labels, $8, $8
+FROM services s WHERE s.id = $9;
+
+-- name: CloneServiceDomains :exec
+INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type)
+SELECT $1, domain, is_default, cert_type FROM service_domains sd WHERE sd.service_id = $2;
+
+-- name: CloneServiceVariables :exec
+INSERT INTO environment_variables (id, service_id, key, value, is_secret)
+SELECT gen_random_uuid(), $1, key, value, is_secret FROM environment_variables ev WHERE ev.service_id = $2;
+
+-- name: DeleteServiceByID :exec
+DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1;
+
+-- name: MoveServiceProject :execrows
+UPDATE services SET project_id = $1, environment_id = $2, updated_at = $3 WHERE id = $4;
+
+-- name: GetProjectOwner :one
+SELECT owner_id FROM projects WHERE id = $1;

app/backend/sqlc/schema.sql

@@ -98,11 +98,37 @@ CREATE TABLE service_domains (
 );
 
 CREATE TABLE deployments (
-    id UUID PRIMARY KEY,
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
     service_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES services(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
-    status VARCHAR(50),
+    version VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    commit_hash VARCHAR(255),
+    image_digest VARCHAR(255),
+    status VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT 'created',
+    build_log TEXT,
+    deployment_log TEXT,
+    started_at TIMESTAMPTZ,
+    completed_at TIMESTAMPTZ,
     created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
-    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW()
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
+    image_name VARCHAR(255),
+    image_tag VARCHAR(255),
+    runtime_log TEXT,
+    error TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE preview_environments (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    project_id UUID NOT NULL,
+    service_id UUID NOT NULL,
+    branch_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    pr_number INTEGER,
+    environment VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    status VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'building',
+    url TEXT,
+    expires_at TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
+    created_at TIMESTAMPTZ DEFAULT now(),
+    updated_at TIMESTAMPTZ DEFAULT now(),
+    preview_service_id UUID
 );
 
 CREATE TABLE environment_variables (
@@ -346,3 +372,118 @@ CREATE TABLE notification_channels (
     created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
     updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW()
 );
+
+CREATE TABLE node_metrics (
+    node_id VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    timestamp TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
+    cpu_usage NUMERIC(5,2),
+    cpu_cores NUMERIC(10,2),
+    load_avg_1 NUMERIC(5,2),
+    load_avg_5 NUMERIC(5,2),
+    load_avg_15 NUMERIC(5,2),
+    memory_total BIGINT,
+    memory_used BIGINT,
+    memory_available BIGINT,
+    memory_usage_percent NUMERIC(5,2),
+    storage_total BIGINT,
+    storage_used BIGINT,
+    storage_available BIGINT,
+    storage_usage_percent NUMERIC(5,2),
+    network_bytes_in BIGINT,
+    network_bytes_out BIGINT,
+    network_packets_in BIGINT,
+    network_packets_out BIGINT,
+    network_connections_in INTEGER,
+    network_connections_out INTEGER,
+    network_errors_in BIGINT,
+    network_errors_out BIGINT,
+    uptime INTERVAL,
+    processes INTEGER,
+    os VARCHAR(50),
+    kernel VARCHAR(50),
+    architecture VARCHAR(20),
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
+    PRIMARY KEY (node_id, timestamp)
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE service_metrics (
+    service_id VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    service_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    project_id VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    timestamp TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
+    requests_total BIGINT DEFAULT 0,
+    requests_success BIGINT DEFAULT 0,
+    requests_errors BIGINT DEFAULT 0,
+    requests_avg_latency NUMERIC(10,3),
+    requests_p95_latency NUMERIC(10,3),
+    requests_p99_latency NUMERIC(10,3),
+    requests_throughput NUMERIC(10,3),
+    errors_total BIGINT DEFAULT 0,
+    errors_rate NUMERIC(5,4),
+    performance_response_time NUMERIC(10,3),
+    performance_throughput NUMERIC(10,3),
+    performance_concurrency BIGINT,
+    performance_saturation NUMERIC(5,2),
+    performance_utilization NUMERIC(5,2),
+    resource_cpu_usage NUMERIC(5,2),
+    resource_memory_usage BIGINT,
+    resource_storage_usage BIGINT,
+    resource_network_usage BIGINT,
+    resource_score NUMERIC(5,2),
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
+    PRIMARY KEY (service_id, timestamp)
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE instance_metrics (
+    service_id VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    timestamp TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
+    instance_id VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    node_id VARCHAR(255),
+    status VARCHAR(50),
+    cpu NUMERIC(5,2),
+    memory BIGINT,
+    network_bytes_in BIGINT,
+    network_bytes_out BIGINT,
+    network_packets_in BIGINT,
+    network_packets_out BIGINT,
+    network_connections_in INTEGER,
+    network_connections_out INTEGER,
+    network_errors_in BIGINT,
+    network_errors_out BIGINT,
+    start_time TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
+    last_seen TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
+    health_status VARCHAR(20),
+    health_last_check TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
+    health_check_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
+    health_failure_count INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
+    PRIMARY KEY (service_id, timestamp, instance_id)
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE cron_jobs (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    project_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES projects(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    service_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES services(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    schedule VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
+    command TEXT NOT NULL,
+    timezone VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT 'UTC',
+    enabled BOOLEAN DEFAULT true,
+    last_run_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
+    next_run_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
+    last_status VARCHAR(50),
+    last_output TEXT,
+    retention INTEGER DEFAULT 30,
+    created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW(),
+    updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE DEFAULT NOW()
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE cron_executions (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    cron_job_id UUID NOT NULL REFERENCES cron_jobs(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    started_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE NOT NULL,
+    finished_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
+    status VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT 'pending',
+    output TEXT,
+    error TEXT
+);