feat(scheduling): replica spread + resource-aware auto placement (#56)

services.spread distributes replicas across every online, schedulable
agent (replica i → agents[i mod n], deterministic). auto placement now
orders by real headroom — memory utilisation, cpu usage, then container
count — instead of count alone.

Lifecycle (start/stop/restart/delete) and GET /runtime are now driven
by container_instances inventory, so remote replicas are visible and
tear down wherever they run — covers spread, pins, and stale pin
leftovers. Spread and explicit pins are mutually exclusive.

Generated with [Devin](https://devin.ai)

Co-authored-by: Devin <158243242+devin-ai-integration[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.env.example

@@ -39,10 +39,20 @@ REDIS_URL=redis://:your_secure_redis_password@localhost:6379/0
 # Application Configuration
 # In production this must be a strong value with at least 32 characters.
 JWT_SECRET=SuperSecretJWTKey123456789!@#$%^&*()
+# Encrypts secret env vars at rest. Defaults to JWT_SECRET when unset;
+# setting it explicitly survives a JWT_SECRET rotation.
+SECRETS_KEY=
+
 # Shared secret for node-agent registration/heartbeat auth.
 CONTAINR_AGENT_AUTH_TOKEN=replace_with_strong_agent_secret
 # Optional rotation list (comma-separated). When set, this takes precedence.
 # CONTAINR_AGENT_AUTH_TOKENS=current_secret,next_secret
+# Bundled agent binaries dir served at /api/agents/download/:platform.
+# CONTAINR_AGENT_BIN_DIR=/agents
+# Optional remote template catalog (another Containr instance). Its
+# templates merge into GET /templates as source:"registry" and
+# materialize locally on deploy. The bundled catalog works without it.
+# CONTAINR_TEMPLATE_REGISTRY_URL=https://templates.example.com
 CORS_ORIGINS=http://localhost:3000,http://localhost:8080
 # Optional build-time API URL overrides. Leave empty for the default
 # same-origin setup - the frontend nginx proxies /api to the backend, which
@@ -155,3 +165,6 @@ DOCKER_GID=0
 
 # Optional: trust reverse proxy CIDR (default local Docker bridge used by Traefik)
 TRUSTED_PROXY_CIDR=172.20.0.0/16
+
+# Optional: audit log retention in days (default 90; 0 disables pruning)
+# AUDIT_RETENTION_DAYS=90

.github/FUNDING.yml

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+github: Dvorinka

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -17,6 +17,30 @@ permissions:
   contents: read
 
 jobs:
+  # Cheap gate so docs-only/roadmap PRs skip the heavyweight jobs. Skipped
+  # required checks still satisfy branch protection ("skipped" = success).
+  changes:
+    name: Changed paths
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      code: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.code }}
+      mobile: ${{ steps.filter.outputs.mobile }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: dorny/paths-filter@v3
+        id: filter
+        with:
+          filters: |
+            code:
+              - 'app/**'
+              - 'infra/**'
+              - 'docker-compose.yml'
+              - 'install.sh'
+              - '.github/workflows/**'
+              - 'docs/api/**'
+            mobile:
+              - 'app/mobile/**'
+
   infra:
     name: Infra (Compose + Scripts)
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -48,6 +72,8 @@ jobs:
   backend:
     name: Backend (Go)
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: changes
+    if: needs.changes.outputs.code == 'true' || github.event_name != 'pull_request'
     defaults:
       run:
         working-directory: app/backend
@@ -70,6 +96,8 @@ jobs:
   frontend:
     name: Frontend (React)
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: changes
+    if: needs.changes.outputs.code == 'true' || github.event_name != 'pull_request'
     defaults:
       run:
         working-directory: app/frontend
@@ -96,10 +124,40 @@ jobs:
       - name: Test
         run: npm test
 
+  mobile:
+    name: Mobile (Expo)
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    needs: changes
+    if: needs.changes.outputs.mobile == 'true' || github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+    defaults:
+      run:
+        working-directory: app/mobile
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Setup Node
+        uses: actions/setup-node@v4
+        with:
+          node-version: "22"
+          cache: npm
+          cache-dependency-path: app/mobile/package-lock.json
+
+      - name: Install dependencies
+        run: npm ci
+
+      - name: Typecheck
+        run: npx tsc --noEmit
+
+      - name: Lint
+        run: npx expo lint
+
   smoke:
     name: Compose boot smoke
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     timeout-minutes: 20
+    needs: changes
+    if: needs.changes.outputs.code == 'true' || github.event_name != 'pull_request'
     steps:
       - name: Checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@v4
@@ -137,6 +195,7 @@ jobs:
     name: Build & publish images
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: [backend, frontend, smoke]
+    if: needs.backend.result == 'success' && needs.frontend.result == 'success' && needs.smoke.result == 'success'
     permissions:
       contents: read
       packages: write
@@ -189,6 +248,10 @@ jobs:
           push: ${{ github.event_name != 'pull_request' }}
           tags: ${{ steps.meta-backend.outputs.tags }}
           labels: ${{ steps.meta-backend.outputs.labels }}
+          # Stamp the release tag into the binary so the in-app upgrade
+          # check knows what it's running ("dev" disables it).
+          build-args: |
+            VERSION=${{ github.ref_type == 'tag' && github.ref_name || 'dev' }}
           cache-from: type=gha,scope=backend
           cache-to: type=gha,mode=max,scope=backend
 
@@ -227,7 +290,7 @@ jobs:
     name: Release
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     needs: [docker]
-    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request'
+    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' && needs.docker.result == 'success'
     permissions:
       contents: write
       packages: write

AGENTS.md

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# AGENTS.md — Containr
+
+Containr is a self-hosted Docker PaaS (Railway-style). Backend: Go + Gin + PostgreSQL (sqlc) + Redis-compatible cache (Dragonfly) + Docker API. Frontend: React + Vite + TypeScript + React Query. API contract: `docs/api/openapi.yaml` (generated types: `app/frontend/src/generated/api-types.ts`).
+
+This file is for **coding agents working on the repo**. For operating Containr as a deployed product, see `llms.txt`.
+
+## Layout
+
+- `app/backend` — Go monolith. Entrypoints: `cmd/server` (API), `cmd/cli` (`containr` CLI), `cmd/mcp` (`containr-mcp` MCP server).
+- `app/backend/internal/api` — Gin handlers + route groups (`routes.go`: public / `read` OptionalAuth / `authed` / `admin`).
+- `app/backend/internal/middleware` — `Auth` (JWT + Better Auth session + PAT), `RequireAdmin`, `Idempotency`.
+- `app/backend/internal/cli/commands` — all CLI commands; shared `Client`, `Output`, `confirm` helpers live here.
+- `app/backend/internal/mcpserver` — declarative MCP tool registry mirroring the API.
+- `app/backend/sqlc` — `schema.sql` + `queries/*.sql`; generate via `sqlc generate` into `internal/database/sqlcdb`.
+- `app/backend/migrations_goose` — goose migrations (`YYYYMMDDHHMMSS_name.sql`).
+- `app/frontend` — React app. Pages under `src/features/`, API calls via `src/lib/api-client.ts`.
+
+## Build / test / verify
+
+```sh
+cd app/backend && go build ./... && go vet ./... && go test ./...
+cd app/frontend && npx tsc --noEmit && npm run lint && npm run build
+cd app/frontend && npm run generate:api   # after any openapi.yaml change
+```
+
+Dev stack: Postgres on `:15432` (`containr-postgres-1`), Dragonfly on `:16379` (`containr-dragonfly-1`). Server needs `DATABASE_URL`, `REDIS_URL`, `JWT_SECRET`, `PORT=8080`.
+
+## Conventions that matter
+
+- New endpoints go in the right route group; mutations on `authed`/`admin` get idempotency for free.
+- Deploy work goes through `deploy_queue` (`internal/deployqueue`) — per-service FIFO; enqueue jobs instead of `go`-ing deployment/reconcile goroutines so they never race a build.
+- New list endpoints use `pageWindow`/`paginationMeta` (`internal/api/pagination.go`) — cursor + page, `next_cursor` in the envelope.
+- New errors use stable codes via `respondError(c, status, code, msg)` in `internal/api/errors.go`.
+- New CLI command → also register an MCP tool in `internal/mcpserver/server.go` and document in OpenAPI. All three surfaces ship together.
+- Destructive CLI commands must gate on `--yes`/`confirm` via `commands.confirm`; destructive MCP tools require `confirm: true`.
+- sqlc: edit `schema.sql` + `queries/*.sql`, run `sqlc generate`, add the goose migration.
+- Don't commit secrets. PATs (`cnp_…`) and agent tokens (`cagt_…`) are sha256-hashed at rest; raw values are shown once.

README.md

@@ -56,7 +56,8 @@ dedicated console.
 - **Template catalog** — 30 official templates (NocoDB, Plausible, MinIO, n8n, …) plus user-defined templates with JSON upload and owner-scoped edit/delete
 - **Metrics** — per-service Docker stats plus host CPU/memory/disk telemetry
 - **HA & scaling** — failover policies, node agents, autoscaling rules
-- **Auth & security** — Better Auth sessions (email/password self-hosted), audit logs, vulnerability scans
+- **Auth & security** — Better Auth sessions (email/password self-hosted), personal access tokens with `read`/`write`/`admin` scopes for CLI and agents, audit logs, vulnerability scans
+- **CLI** — `containr` covers the full API: projects, services, deployments, logs, exec, variables, databases, cron, templates, nodes, scaling, HA, security, gateway, admin — with `--json`, `--yes`, named profiles, and `containr up` for current-directory deploys
 - **Integrated docs** — searchable documentation rendered in-app on the landing page and `/docs`; syncs from GitHub, falls back to a bundled snapshot offline
 - **Networking** — Traefik reverse proxy, optional Cloudflare Tunnel
 

ROADMAP2.md

@@ -0,0 +1,522 @@
+# Containr — Roadmap 2: The dflow Convergence
+
+Last verified: **2026-10-08** — deep pass over the full dflow codebase
+(`~/Desktop/PROG+HTML/dflow`, community fork of dflow-sh/dflow, frozen for
+preservation) against Containr `main` (`15b5b0e`).
+
+Goal: make Containr the superior successor — absorb everything worth having
+from dflow, then go past it and past Railway. Same power for humans and
+agents: the UI is the friendly face, the CLI and MCP are the machine face,
+all three sit on the same API. **Branding stays Containr/Vertice** —
+white-labeling is an admin option, not an identity change.
+
+---
+
+## 1. What dflow actually is (verified)
+
+Next.js 15 + PayloadCMS 3 + MongoDB + Redis/BullMQ. Runtime model: every
+host is a remote server driven **over SSH** with Dokku auto-installed as the
+per-app container manager. Async work = 43 BullMQ queue processors
+(`src/queues/**`), live logs via Redis pub/sub → SSE endpoint, persisted to
+deployment records. ~30 collections, ~180 server actions, 11 dashboard
+routes per service (general, deployments, logs, environment, domains,
+volumes, proxy, scaling, backups, settings).
+
+### Full capability matrix — dflow → Containr
+
+Legend: ✅ done · 🟡 partial/different · ❌ missing · ➖ not applicable (dokku/SSH-specific)
+
+#### Deployment pipeline
+| dflow capability | Containr status | Action |
+|---|---|---|
+| Queued deployments, serialized per server, cancellable while queued | ❌ goroutine fire-and-forget; `CancelDeployment` exists in engine but is **never routed** | Add deploy queue + cancel route |
+| Deployment states `queued → building → success/failed`, live SSE logs + persisted record | 🟡 states exist (`building→running`); WS streams builds; no queued state | Extend status + stream |
+| Redeploy cache modes (`ps:rebuild` vs fresh pull); webhook pushes force `no-cache` | ❌ always rebuilds | Add `cache` flag on deploy/redeploy |
+| Cancel queued deployment from UI | ❌ (engine fn unrouted) | Route it |
+| Per-service job ordering | ❌ concurrent deploys of one service can race | Serialize per service |
+
+#### Service configuration
+| dflow capability | Containr status | Action |
+|---|---|---|
+| Multi-domain per service + default flag + cert type | ❌ single `services.domain` | `service_domains` table |
+| Cert types: letsencrypt / none / Cloudflare Origin / **CF-for-SaaS custom hostnames** | 🟡 Traefik ACME only | LE default; CF custom hostnames deferred (only needed if hosting tenant domains) |
+| DNS preflight check (`checkDNSConfigAction`) | ❌ | `GET /services/:id/domains/check` |
+| Volumes per service + dangling-volume browser/attach/delete | ❌ engine supports `VolumeMounts`; no API/UI | `services.volumes` jsonb + Volumes tab |
+| Resource **limits and reservations**, per-server defaults | 🟡 `cpu_limit`/`memory_limit` int columns (unclear units) | explicit string units + reserves + instance defaults |
+| Pre-deploy capacity check (dokku binary interceptor) | ❌ | Node capacity check pre-deploy/scale |
+| Maintenance mode toggle | ❌ | Traefik middleware label |
+| Basic-auth gate per service (`toggleHttpAuth`) | ❌ | Traefik basic-auth middleware |
+| Raw proxy config override (`setServiceNginxConfig`) | ❌ | Allowlisted `traefik_labels` jsonb |
+| Service clone (full config copy) | ❌ | `POST /services/:id/clone` |
+| Move service between projects (`SwitchServiceProjectDialog`) | ❌ | `PUT /services/:id {project_id}` |
+| Env var save → hot-apply + optional restart (`noRestart`) | ❌ rows rewritten; containers keep stale env until manual redeploy | Apply→redeploy flow |
+| Static-site builder; Heroku buildpacks | 🟡 railpack/nixpacks/dockerfile auto-detect, no user override | `services.builder` enum + static builder |
+| Docker registry accounts (private registries) | ❌ | `registry_credentials` per service/instance |
+
+#### Databases
+| dflow capability | Containr status | Action |
+|---|---|---|
+| Managed DBs (pg/mysql/mariadb/mongo/redis/clickhouse via dokku plugins) | ✅ plus dragonfly | — |
+| **External DB registration** (Neon/Atlas/RDS conn details + test) | ❌ | `provider=external` + test endpoint |
+| Internal backups + restore (same-type enforced) | ✅ | — |
+| Scheduled backups | ✅ cron field | — |
+| **External S3 backups** (auth/schedule/unschedule ops) | ❌ | `backup_targets` + shipper |
+| **Cross-server DB migration** (export → sftp hop → import) | ❌ | `POST /databases/:id/migrate` |
+| Public DB port expose/unexpose | ❌ loopback only | opt-in TCP expose |
+| DB → service env linking (`dokku link`) | ✅ Bind action injects `DATABASE_URL` | — |
+
+#### Servers / infrastructure
+| dflow capability | Containr status | Action |
+|---|---|---|
+| Attach server = paste IP + SSH key; Dokku auto-installs | 🟡 agents exist, manual install | **SSH bootstrap**: one SSH session installs agent, never needed again |
+| Tailscale/Headscale, NetBird, ZeroTier enroll + mesh connect | ❌ | Agent mesh-IP detection first; auth-key enroll optional |
+| AWS EC2 + Hetzner provisioning w/ cloud-init | ❌ | IaC (ROADMAP §2.2): Terraform Proxmox/AWS + Hetzner module |
+| Security groups (AWS SG rules, sync) | ❌ | Under IaC provider modules |
+| Server-level global/wildcard domain (`updateServerDomain`) | ❌ | `nodes.default_domain` |
+| Scheduled server cleanup (dokku cleanup → docker prune) | ❌ | Agent `prune` command + schedule |
+| Queue flush/inspect per server (`flushServerQueues`, `getServerQueues`) | ➖ no queue yet | Ops page shows jobs once queue exists |
+| Arbitrary SSH command on server (`executeCommand`) | ➖ exec is container-scoped | Node terminal via agent (PTY) |
+| Server onboarding wizard, reset, cleanup-on-delete | 🟡 token issue/revoke only | Onboarding flow + `nodes add` UX |
+| Ansible playbooks (stored, runnable per server, exec history) | ➖ | **Defer** — security surface; SSH bootstrap covers provisioning |
+| Per-node resource dashboards | 🟡 heartbeat telemetry exists | Node detail page |
+
+#### Platform / org
+| dflow capability | Containr status | Action |
+|---|---|---|
+| Multi-tenant organisations + custom RBAC (per-resource CRUD, create-limits, read-scope) | 🟡 `is_admin` + `project_members` | Defer full RBAC; design PAT scopes role-compatible |
+| Team invite links/emails | 🟡 manual user create only | `POST /invites` → link join |
+| User API keys → full REST API | ❌ **the big gap** — session/JWT only | PATs (Phase A) |
+| Outbound webhooks (collection events, HMAC, custom headers) | ✅ `outbound_webhooks` + `webhook_deliveries`, HMAC `X-Containr-Signature`, wildcard events, 3-retry, UI page | — |
+| Banners (global + per-tenant, dismissible) | ❌ | `banners` table + top bar |
+| White-label (logo/favicon/title/OG/theme colors) | ❌ | `app_settings.branding` — **Containr remains the default brand** |
+| Activity feed (icon/severity/category/metadata, 90-day TTL job) | ✅ `/activity` + project view | — |
+| Admin metrics dashboard (users/servers/queued/failed counts) | 🟡 `/admin` exists | Extend |
+| **Impersonate user** | ✅ admin token + `impersonated_by` claim (browser swap pending) | Done (CLI/API/MCP) |
+| In-app docs (content-collections markdown) | ✅ `/docs` | — |
+| Dynamic client-side filter framework (535-line `filter.utils`) | ✅ `dynamic-filter.ts` + URL state; audit/builds/activity | Done |
+| Ops "bubble" (queue monitor, terminal, sync) | ✅ `/operations` + interactive terminal | Done |
+
+#### Agent surface
+| dflow capability | Containr status | Action |
+|---|---|---|
+| Payload REST/GraphQL auto-API + per-user API keys | ❌ | PATs + OpenAPI (better: typed, documented) |
+| CLI | ❌ | none in dflow — **Containr CLI is a genuine leap past it** |
+| MCP | ❌ | none — same leap |
+| Railway migrator script | ❌ | `containr migrate railway` |
+| GitHub App **manifest flow** (instance self-provisions the App) | ✅ manifest + convert + App webhook | Done |
+| fork-sync webhook deploy trigger | ✅ sync/repository_dispatch/workflow_run | Done |
+| Azure DevOps provider | ❌ | Optional (dflow does token-clone only) |
+
+---
+
+## 2. The spine: agent-first platform
+
+*Agent and user on the same level.* Concretely:
+
+- Every operation reachable by a **personal access token**, not just
+  sessions.
+- Every operation in the **CLI** with `--json`, stable exit codes, `--yes`.
+- Every operation in an **MCP server** (stdio first) so Devin/Claude Code/
+  Cursor/Codex drive Containr natively.
+- `openapi.yaml` stays the single source of truth; UI, CLI, MCP are thin
+  clients.
+
+### Phase A — Agent surface (do this FIRST; everything after inherits it) ✅ SHIPPED (PRs #14–#18)
+
+- [x] **Personal access tokens.** `user_tokens` table — `id`, `user_id`,
+  `name`, `key_prefix` (`cnp_…`), `key_hash` (sha256), `scopes`
+  (`read`/`write`/`admin`, later resource-scoped), `expires_at`,
+  `last_used_at`. Model on `agent_auth_tokens` (raw shown once, hash stored).
+  `POST/GET/DELETE /api/v1/user/tokens`; `middleware.Auth` accepts
+  `Bearer cnp_…`; Settings → Access tokens UI with one-time display +
+  copyable CLI/MCP config snippets.
+- [x] **CLI v2.** Current `cmd/cli` is auth + projects only. Full client:
+  - `auth login [--token] [--url] [--profile]` (multi-instance profiles).
+  - Resources: `projects services deploy logs exec variables databases
+    cron templates nodes scaling ha security gateway notifications
+    webhooks domains volumes backups admin`.
+  - `containr up` / `deploy` — cwd→service create-or-update→watch
+    (the `railway up` equivalent; single most important command).
+  - `containr link` (bind cwd→service), `containr open`, `containr run`,
+    `containr shell` (PTY once exec upgrade lands), `completion`.
+  - Universal `--json`, `-o yaml`, `--watch`, `--yes`; exit codes
+    0/1/2/3/4 (ok/err/not-found/unauthorized/conflict).
+  - GoReleaser → GH releases + `install.sh`; `version` command.
+  - Conventions from docsync/envdiff/cix/repolint.
+- [x] **MCP server** (`cmd/mcp`, same module, stdio). Tools mirror the
+  CLI: `list_projects create_service deploy get_logs set_variable
+  restart rollback create_database trigger_cron deploy_template exec
+  get_metrics security_scan …`. Auth: `CONTAINR_URL` + `CONTAINR_TOKEN`
+  or shared `~/.containr/config`. `containr mcp serve` + install snippets
+  for Devin/Claude/Cursor.
+- [x] **API agent ergonomics.** `Idempotency-Key` on mutating endpoints;
+  uniform `{error, code, details}` envelope (audit bare-string returns);
+  cursor pagination on growing lists; name-or-id lookup everywhere.
+- [x] **Agent docs.** Root `AGENTS.md`, `/docs` serves `llms.txt` +
+  `llms-full.txt`, MCP tool list generated from OpenAPI where possible.
+
+**Gate**: an agent holding only a PAT registers a project, deploys from a
+git repo, streams logs, sets vars, rolls back — zero UI. Same via CLI
+for a human.
+
+---
+
+## 3. Phase B — Deployment pipeline maturity ✅ SHIPPED (PR #19)
+
+dflow's one real architectural edge. Containr deploys are fire-and-forget
+goroutines; this fixes correctness *and* unlocks the ops surface.
+
+- [x] **Deploy job queue.** Lightweight internal queue — per-service
+  FIFO in `internal/deployqueue`; status gains `queued`.
+- [x] **Cancel deployments.** `POST /deployments/:id/cancel` — queued
+  jobs cancel immediately, active jobs cancel context; `cancelled` status.
+- [x] **Cache modes.** `no_cache` on deploys; webhook-triggered deploys
+  default to no-cache (dflow convention — prevents stale-layer surprises).
+- [x] **Queued→building→running status + persisted step logs.** `queued`
+  state lands; streaming over existing log surface.
+- [x] **Env var apply → redeploy.** `--redeploy` flag on variable writes;
+  backend requeues honoring running state.
+- [x] **Encrypt variables at rest.** `is_secret` values encrypted
+  AES-GCM `enc:v1:` (key from `SECRETS_KEY`); masked-echo preserves
+  ciphertext.
+
+## 4. Phase C — Service configuration parity ✅ SHIPPED (PRs #20–#23)
+
+- [x] **Volumes on services** — `services.volumes` jsonb
+  `[{volume|host_path, container_path, read_only}]`; Volumes tab +
+  admin volume inventory.
+- [x] **Multi-domain** — `service_domains(service_id, domain, is_default,
+  cert_type, status, last_checked_at)`. Domains UI: add/remove/
+  set-default/DNS-status badge. `services.domain` stays derived default.
+- [x] **DNS preflight** — `GET /services/:id/domains/check` resolves and
+  compares vs edge IP → `ok|wrong-target|pending`.
+- [x] **Maintenance mode + basic-auth gate** — Traefik middleware labels;
+  no proxy code needed.
+- [ ] **Routing overrides** — `services.traefik_labels` jsonb with
+  allowlist validation (middlewares, headers, redirects).
+- [x] **Builder override** — `services.builder` enum
+  `auto|railpack|nixpacks|dockerfile|static`; static builder = build +
+  nginx serve. Fixed hardcoded `nixpacks` + `BuildImage` stream drain bug.
+- [x] **Resource limits + reserves** — `cpu`/`memory` caps +
+  `cpu_reserve`/`memory_reserve` → NanoCPUs/Memory/MemoryReservation;
+  instance defaults in `app_settings`.
+- [x] **Pre-deploy capacity check** — reservations vs node capacity;
+  `app_settings.capacity_policy=block` rejects, default warns.
+- [x] **Service clone** + **move between projects** — copies volumes,
+  domains, access gates, vars (ciphertext verbatim); audit-logged.
+- [x] **Private registries** — `registry_credentials`
+  (server/username/secret, encrypted); pull auth resolved at deploy;
+  per-service registry link.
+- [x] **Service detail tabs to match dflow's surface**: Domains,
+  Volumes, access-controls sections added to the service page.
+
+## 5. Phase D — Data layer maturity
+
+- [x] **External DB registration** — `provider='managed'|'external'`,
+  conn fields, `POST /databases/test-connection`, same bind flow. (PR #24)
+- [x] **Public DB port expose** — `public_port` opt-in `0.0.0.0` host
+  bind; default stays loopback. (PR #25)
+- [x] **Offsite backups** — `backup_targets` (S3-compatible:
+  endpoint/bucket/keys encrypted); per-DB destination; archives shipped
+  via holder container + minio-go; restore-from-S3 fallback. (PR #26)
+- [ ] **Cross-node DB migration** — `POST /databases/:id/migrate
+  {target_node_id}`: dump → stream transfer → provision → restore →
+  re-point bound services. Deferred until Phase F lands real second
+  nodes — nothing to migrate between today.
+- [ ] **Backup import** — upload archive → new restore point (pairs with
+  migrators).
+
+## 6. Phase E — Templates v2 (absorbs compose-catalog spec + dflow graph templates)
+
+- [ ] **Template = ordered service graph** — `services[]` entries with
+  `{name, type, source, build, ports, volumes, variables, depends_on}`;
+  deploy order from dependency refs.
+- [ ] **Expressions** — `${{service.KEY}}` (already the runtime ref
+  syntax — reuse), `{{secret(len,"charset")}}`, `{{random:int}}`,
+  `{{VAR:-default}}`; `POST /templates/:id/plan` returns the resolved
+  graph without deploying (agents love this).
+- [ ] **Compose import** — `POST /templates/import/compose` (compose-go
+  parser → graph), `POST /templates/import/github` (compose file from
+  repo path). Implements `docs/superpowers/specs/2026-04-14-*`.
+- [ ] **Graph deploy pipeline** — creates project + services in
+  dependency order, resolves vars, triggers builds; defined
+  partial-failure policy.
+- [ ] **Visual template builder** — canvas mode: drop git/image/db
+  nodes, wire refs, set order, save/publish. Reuses existing canvas
+  primitives (dflow's `templates/compose` is exactly this).
+- [ ] **Catalog growth** — convert `templates/*.md` (20 app guides) into
+  real graph templates; screenshots + badges per the old spec.
+
+**Gate**: paste n8n compose → 3-service project with generated secrets
+and wired refs, one click or one CLI call.
+
+## 7. Phase F — Nodes & infrastructure
+
+- [x] **SSH bootstrap install** — `containr nodes add <user@host>` mints an
+  enroll token, SSHes once (agent/key/default keys), runs
+  `GET /api/agents/install.sh | bash` remotely, closes the session.
+  `--print` emits the one-liner for manual runs; the Usage page shows the
+  same command. Agent binaries ship in the image under `/agents` and are
+  served at `/api/agents/download/{linux-amd64,linux-arm64}` (install
+  script falls back to GH releases). `cli/commands/nodes_add.go`,
+  `api/assets/install-agent.sh`, `agents.go:ServeInstallScript`/`ServeAgentBinary`.
+- [x] **Mesh awareness** — agent reports tailscale/netbird/wireguard/
+  zerotier interface IPs at register (`mesh` field, authoritative on
+  re-register), stored in `node_agents.metadata.mesh`, shown on the node
+  detail page. `TAILSCALE_AUTH_KEY` enroll-at-provision still open.
+- [x] **Node detail page** — `/nodes/:id` (admin): heartbeat telemetry
+  (cpu/mem sparklines over 1h/24h/7d via `GET /agents/:id/metrics`),
+  containers, command history, rename, auto-prune toggle, prune-now,
+  remove. Drain/cordon and self-upgrade deferred — they need
+  `services.node_id` routing which lands with multi-node scheduling.
+- [x] **Node housekeeping** — agent `prune` + `system_df` commands
+  (`docker system prune -af`, volumes excluded unless requested, optional
+  `--until`). `node_agents.auto_prune` + the health sweep enqueue a prune
+  at most once per 24h per node. Surfaces: `POST /agents/:id/prune`,
+  `nodes update --auto-prune` / `nodes prune [--volumes --until]` /
+  `nodes commands`, MCP `containr_nodes_update|prune|commands`
+  (confirm-gated), Usage-page per-node Prune button + auto toggle.
+  `cmd/agent/main.go`, `notification_producers.go:scheduleAutoPrune`.
+- [🟡] **Multi-node scheduling** — phase 1 shipped: `services.node_id`
+  pin (explicit / `auto` = least-loaded online / `local` = clear),
+  `NodeRunner` seam in the deploy engine routes reconcile to the agent's
+  command queue (`create_container` with image/env/cmd/ports/volumes/
+  labels/limits), `container_instances` inventory per (agent, service,
+  replica), remote stop/start/restart/delete fan-out, `GET
+  /nodes/options`, `--node` on services create/update + MCP + OpenAPI +
+  service-detail Placement section. Drain/cordon shipped:
+  `node_agents.schedulable`, `POST /agents/:id/cordon|uncordon|drain`
+  (drain evicts remote containers via the agent queue + unpins services
+  so they redeploy locally), `nodes cordon|uncordon|drain` CLI +
+  MCP (drain confirm-gated) + node-detail page controls; `auto` and
+  explicit pins skip cordoned nodes. Spread placement shipped:
+  `services.spread` distributes replicas deterministically across every
+  online schedulable agent (replica i → agents[i mod n]), mutually
+  exclusive with a pin; `auto` is now resource-aware — least memory
+  utilisation, then cpu, then container count, with uninstrumented
+  agents sorting last. Lifecycle and `GET /runtime` are
+  inventory-driven, so remote replicas show up and tear down wherever
+  they run. Remote nodes run registry-pulled
+  images only — git builds, Traefik domains, and remote sleep are
+  documented ceilings. Remaining: `scheduling_rules` affinity
+  policies, deployment status reported back from agent
+  results, spread weighting by real capacity.
+- [🟡] **Build-on-node** — private registry pulls shipped: the dispatch
+  payload carries the project owner's `registries` credentials for the
+  image host; the agent `docker login`s for the pull and logs out after,
+  and command payloads are scrubbed of passwords on completion. Agent
+  also verifies the container is still running ~1.5s after `run` so
+  crash-loops fail the deploy instead of reporting healthy. Remaining:
+  real builds on the node (source checkout + build daemon) — pulls
+  already work.
+- [ ] **IaC provisioning (ROADMAP §2.2, unchanged)** — Terraform/
+  OpenTofu, `infra_connections`, Proxmox + AWS modules, + Hetzner module
+  (dflow's second provider), cloud-init → auto-enroll.
+- [ ] **Global/wildcard domain per node** (`nodes.default_domain`) —
+  auto-domains for services on that node.
+
+## 8. Phase G — Platform polish
+
+- [x] **Outbound webhooks** — `outbound_webhooks(url, secret, events[],
+  headers, enabled)` + `webhook_deliveries` log; HMAC
+  `X-Containr-Signature`; wildcard events on every audited action;
+  CLI + MCP + `/settings/webhooks` page with delivery log + test ping.
+- [x] **Activity feed** — `audit_logs` enriched with `severity`
+  (`info|success|warning|error`), `category`, human `label`; derived at
+  write time, classified on read for legacy rows, boot-time backfill.
+  `GET /activity` (global, visibility-scoped, filters + `since`) and
+  `GET /projects/:id/activity` (owner/member/approved/admin). Frontend:
+  `/activity` page with severity chips + project workspace `Activity`
+  view. `containr activity` + `containr_activity_list`/`containr_project_activity`
+  MCP tools. Retention worker prunes > `AUDIT_RETENTION_DAYS` (default 90).
+- [x] **Banners** — `banners` table with title/body/level/active/
+  dismissible/schedule window. `GET /banners/active` for signed-in
+  users; admin CRUD at `/admin/banners`. `BannerBar` renders above the
+  header (per-banner dismiss via localStorage); admin console manages
+  them; `containr banners` CLI + `auth status` surfaces active ones.
+- [x] **White-label** — `app_settings` `branding.*` keys: product name,
+  logo/favicon URL, accent color, docs/support links. Public
+  `GET /api/v1/branding` (defaults = Containr); admin writes via
+  `PUT /settings`. `useBranding()` applies title/accent/favicon;
+  `BrandWordmark` replaces hardcoded marks; admin Platform section
+  edits all fields. MCP `containr_branding_get` + `settings_update`.
+- [x] **Operations page** — `GET /operations` aggregates active
+  deployments, in-memory deploy-queue depth (`Queue.Snapshot()`),
+  24h failures, cron runs and backups scoped to the caller's projects.
+  UI at `/operations` (Operate nav) with live refetch; `containr
+  operations` CLI + `containr_operations_get` MCP. Remaining: agent
+  commands once node fleet lands; flush/stuck-job tools.
+- [x] **Interactive terminal** — `GET /services/:id/terminal` upgrades
+  to a WebSocket bridged to a `docker exec` PTY (bash→sh fallback,
+  `TERM=xterm-256color`, resize frames). xterm.js Console section on the
+  service page; `containr shell <id>` bridges a local TTY; distroless
+  images get a clean "no shell" error. Remaining: `nodes/:id/terminal`
+  via agent.
+- [x] **Team invites** — `POST /admin/invites` returns a one-time
+  link (sha256-hashed token at rest, optional email binding, TTL);
+  public `GET /auth/invites/:token` validates and
+  `POST /auth/accept-invite` registers — works while public signup is
+  closed. `/auth/accept-invite` page, admin manage/revoke UI,
+  `containr invites` CLI + MCP tools.
+- [x] **Impersonate user** — `POST /admin/users/:id/impersonate`
+  mints a 15-minute bearer token (`impersonated_by` claim),
+  audit-logged; admin accounts are not impersonatable. CLI
+  `admin impersonate`, MCP tool, admin UI token modal. Remaining:
+  in-browser session swap needs a session bridge.
+- [x] **GitHub App manifest flow** — `POST /admin/git/github-app/manifest`
+  returns manifest + submission URL; the callback page exchanges
+  `code` via `POST /admin/git/github-app/convert` and credentials
+  persist in `app_settings` (overriding `GITHUB_APP_*` env). New
+  public `POST /api/git/github-app/webhook` receives App-level push
+  events (HMAC-verified) and enqueues matching services. Settings→env
+  fallback wired into install-URL + installation-token paths.
+  `containr admin github-app` CLI + MCP + OpenAPI.
+- [x] **fork-sync trigger** — webhook receiver accepts `sync`,
+  `repository_dispatch`, and `workflow_run` events (no `ref`) alongside
+  pushes: branch falls back to the webhook filter, then the service's
+  own `git_branch`; repo-only matching when no branch is known.
+  Also fixed a latent bug where the webhook's deployment insert omitted
+  the NOT NULL `version` column — push-triggered deploys silently
+  failed for every service.
+- [x] **Dynamic filter framework** — ported dflow's `filter.utils`
+  pattern as `lib/dynamic-filter.ts` + `use-dynamic-filter.ts`
+  (`FilterConfig` schema → `FilterEngine` → `FilterBar`; state lives in
+  `?f.<key>` search params so filtered views are shareable links).
+  `useFilterState` exposes URL state pre-fetch for server-backed
+  filters. Applied: audit logs (server-backed), builds (server + client
+  date-range), activity (severity server + client category/search).
+  Notifications table has no list surface yet — apply when one lands.
+- [ ] **Notification producers round-out** — backups, agent offline,
+  upgrade available, security findings.
+- [x] **Sleep-on-idle / wake-on-traffic** (serverless-lite) —
+  `services.sleep_enabled` + `sleep_idle_minutes` (PR #29). Sweeper
+  polls container NetworkIO deltas; idle past threshold → workload
+  removed, status `sleeping`. Wake-on-traffic via per-service
+  placeholder container on the edge network carrying the same Traefik
+  host rule at higher priority — serves a waking page, calls
+  `/internal/wake/:id`, exits; Traefik falls back once the app is up.
+  Verified `running → sleeping → waking → running` end to end.
+- [x] **Env doctor** — `GET /services/:id/env-check` surfaces
+  unresolved `${{…}}` refs, empty values, and unreadable
+  (rotated-key) secrets; template `plan` endpoint reports missing
+  required vars before deploy (PR #30). Frontend Variables section
+  shows the banner.
+- [x] **Shared project variables** — `project_variables` table,
+  `GET/PUT /projects/:id/variables`, `${{shared.KEY}}` refs resolved
+  at deploy/reconcile, secrets `enc:v1:` at rest and masked (PR #32).
+- [x] **One-click install** — `install.sh` (curl|sh): detects docker,
+  writes compose + .env with generated secrets incl. `SECRETS_KEY`,
+  pulls images, runs migrations, prints admin URL. GHCR images mean
+  installs never build from source.
+- [x] **CI/CD v2** — required checks (Go test/vet, frontend
+  lint/build/test, compose boot smoke), `dorny/paths-filter` gate so
+  docs-only PRs skip heavyweight jobs, and release on main/tag:
+  conventional-commit version bump → tag → GHCR images (backend,
+  frontend) → cross-platform CLI + MCP binaries → SHA-256 checksums
+  → GitHub Release → Trivy scans (PR #33).
+- [ ] **Custom roles/RBAC** — defer until demanded; PAT scopes designed
+  forward-compatible now.
+
+## 9. Phase H — Migration & ecosystem
+
+- [x] **Railway migrator** — `containr migrate railway --token --project
+  --environment --into --dry-run`: Railway GraphQL (backboard) →
+  services (git-repo/image + command + replicas), variables, custom +
+  service domains → recreates via the Containr API. Project tokens and
+  account tokens both supported. `cli/commands/migrate.go`.
+- [x] **dflow importer** — `containr migrate dflow --url --api-key
+  --project --into --dry-run`: pages the Payload REST collections
+  (users API-Key auth) → services (app→git/web, docker→image,
+  database→typed image + DATABASE_URL for external providers),
+  variables (empty encrypted values flagged), bind volumes, domains.
+  Soft-deleted services excluded. `cli/commands/migrate_dflow.go`.
+- [x] **`containr import compose`** — `POST /projects/:id/import-compose`
+  deploys a compose file straight into a project; CLI `import compose`,
+  MCP tool, workspace import modal; project delete cascades to
+  graph-provisioned managed databases (`database_services.project_id`).
+- [x] **Template registry** — `CONTAINR_TEMPLATE_REGISTRY_URL` merges a
+  remote Containr catalog into `GET /templates` as `source:"registry"`
+  (60s cache, dead registry never blocks local). `GET /templates/:id`
+  falls through to the registry; deploy materializes a deterministic
+  `reg-<hash>` private copy for the deployer so re-deploys don't dup.
+  `api/templateregistry.go`, `.env.example`.
+
+## 9b. Phase I — Companion surfaces
+
+- [x] **Phone app (v1)** — `app/mobile`, Expo/React Native thin client
+  over the agent-shaped API; dark UI mirroring the design system. PAT
+  auth against any instance URL, stored in platform secure storage.
+  - **Dashboard** — service status counts (running/sleeping/failed/
+    stopped), per-project service health dots, recent deployments feed.
+  - **Operate** — start/stop/restart/redeploy, sleep/wake, rollback to
+    a prior deployment, database start/stop/restart/backup-now.
+  - **Observe** — polling log tail (300 lines, 5s refresh), per-service
+    deployment history, env-doctor issues surfaced on the service view.
+  - [ ] **env var edit + apply-redeploy, domain management, replica
+    scaling, cron execution history** — next iteration.
+  - [ ] **Push notifications** — zero-infra path = self-hosted
+    ntfy/Gotify relay (no Firebase dependency), FCM/APNs optional.
+  - [ ] **Offline resilience** — cached last-known state + unreachable
+    banner.
+- [ ] **Status/offline resilience** — app + CLI degrade gracefully when
+  the instance is unreachable (cached last-known state, clear banner).
+
+## 10. Carried-over debt (ROADMAP.md items still open)
+
+- [ ] **Gateway traffic path** — mount `/g/:slug/*` → key → rate-limit →
+  `gateway/proxy.go` → metrics. Management API exists; proxy unwired.
+- [ ] **Preview environments runtime** — real build+deploy+subdomain+TTL
+  (bookkeeping only now). Pairs with clone + multi-domain.
+- [ ] **Environments** — env switcher, per-env vars/domains, promote.
+- [ ] **sqlc port** — ~140 raw `database/sql` sites → `sqlc/queries/`.
+- [ ] **Tests** — canvas/wizard frontend coverage, deployment/template/
+  webhook table tests, Playwright e2e golden path.
+- [ ] **First-run wizard** — admin → GitHub App (manifest flow from
+  Phase G makes this self-serve) → Tunnel → done.
+- [ ] **Self-upgrade loop verification**, docs freshness, v1.0.0 release.
+
+## 11. Deliberately not imported from dflow
+
+- Dokku-over-SSH runtime — our Docker API + agent model is strictly
+  better.
+- Per-server-named BullMQ queues — our queue stays a single ordered
+  table.
+- Payload/Mongo/Next.js stack, multi-tenant plugin machinery.
+- Ansible playbook runner — arbitrary code-on-node is a security
+  surface; SSH bootstrap + agent commands cover the real needs.
+  Revisit only with a concrete demand.
+- `isAdmin`-only collection access — our owner/admin/public model is
+  richer already.
+- Netdata install flow — our agent telemetry + optional Beszel covers
+  monitoring; don't ship a third dashboard stack.
+
+## 12. Recommended order
+
+```
+A (agent surface) ──► B (deploy pipeline) ──► C/D (service+data depth)
+      │                                              │
+      ▼                                              ▼
+ CLI/MCP dogfood every feature              E (templates v2)
+                                                    │
+                                             F (nodes/infra) ──► H (migrators)
+                                                    │
+                                             G (polish) + debt
+```
+
+Why this order: PATs+CLI+MCP first = every later feature ships
+user-and-agent-visible at once. The queue (B) is prerequisite for
+the ops surface and correct concurrency. Templates v2 needs volumes,
+multi-domain, clone. Migrators last — they're launch marketing, not
+foundation.
+
+## 13. Design rules
+
+- **API is the contract.** UI, CLI, MCP are thin clients over
+  `openapi.yaml`. A feature isn't done until all three reach it.
+- **Everything scriptable.** JSON in/out, `--json`/`--yes`, uniform
+  pagination, name-or-id addressing.
+- **Same powers, same position.** Nothing user-facing that isn't
+  API-facing; agent-visible state (tokens, jobs) visible to users too.
+- **dflow is a donor, not a dependency.** Port semantics, not code.
+- **Containr branding is the default**; white-label is instance config.
+- **Self-hosted first** — no required external service, no phone-home.

app/backend/Dockerfile

@@ -9,7 +9,13 @@ COPY go.mod go.sum ./
 RUN go mod download
 
 COPY . .
-RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a -installsuffix cgo -o main cmd/server/main.go
+ARG VERSION=dev
+RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -a -installsuffix cgo \
+    -ldflags "-X containr/internal/api.Version=${VERSION}" -o main cmd/server/main.go
+
+# Node-agent binaries served by the API for SSH/bootstrap installs.
+RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 go build -o /agents/containr-agent-linux-amd64 ./cmd/agent && \
+    CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 go build -o /agents/containr-agent-linux-arm64 ./cmd/agent
 
 # Build embedded Better Auth runtime dependencies
 FROM node:22-alpine AS auth-builder
@@ -33,6 +39,7 @@ WORKDIR /app
 
 COPY --from=go-builder /app/main ./main
 COPY --from=go-builder /app/migrations_goose ./migrations_goose
+COPY --from=go-builder /agents /agents
 COPY --from=auth-builder /auth ./auth
 
 RUN chown -R appuser:appgroup /app

app/backend/cmd/agent/main.go

@@ -167,6 +167,8 @@ func register(ctx context.Context, client *http.Client, cfg agentConfig) (string
 		"ip_address":   cfg.IP,
 		"port":         cfg.Port,
 		"capabilities": detectCapabilities(),
+		// Always send mesh so a removed interface clears stored state.
+		"mesh": detectMeshInterfaces(),
 	}
 	var response registerResponse
 	if err := postJSON(ctx, client, cfg, "/api/agents/register", payload, &response); err != nil {
@@ -246,11 +248,29 @@ func executeCommand(item command) (string, error) {
 		return runDocker("restart", commandTarget(item.Payload))
 	case "remove_container":
 		return runDocker("rm", "-f", commandTarget(item.Payload))
+	case "prune":
+		return dockerPrune(item.Payload)
+	case "system_df":
+		return runDocker("system", "df", "--format", "json")
 	default:
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("unsupported command type %q", item.Type)
 	}
 }
 
+// dockerPrune runs a bounded docker system prune. Volumes are excluded
+// unless the payload explicitly opts in — a stray volume prune destroys
+// database data.
+func dockerPrune(payload map[string]interface{}) (string, error) {
+	args := []string{"system", "prune", "-af"}
+	if boolValue(payload["volumes"]) {
+		args = append(args, "--volumes")
+	}
+	if until := stringValue(payload["until"]); until != "" {
+		args = append(args, "--filter", fmt.Sprintf("until=%s", until))
+	}
+	return runDocker(args...)
+}
+
 func createContainer(payload map[string]interface{}) (string, error) {
 	container, ok := payload["container"].(map[string]interface{})
 	if !ok {
@@ -263,7 +283,38 @@ func createContainer(payload map[string]interface{}) (string, error) {
 		return "", errors.New("container name and image are required")
 	}
 
-	args := []string{"run", "-d", "--name", name, "--restart", "unless-stopped"}
+	// Private registry: log in for the pull, then log back out so the
+	// credential doesn't linger in the node's docker config.
+	if reg, ok := container["registry"].(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+		if user := stringValue(reg["username"]); user != "" {
+			server := firstString(stringValue(reg["server"]), registryHostOf(image))
+			login := exec.Command("docker", "login", server, "-u", user, "--password-stdin")
+			login.Stdin = strings.NewReader(stringValue(reg["password"]))
+			if out, err := login.CombinedOutput(); err != nil {
+				return "", fmt.Errorf("registry login %s: %s", server, strings.TrimSpace(string(out)))
+			}
+			defer func() { _, _ = runDocker("logout", server) }()
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Redeploys reuse the deterministic name — clear the stale container
+	// first so `run` never fails on a name conflict.
+	_, _ = runDocker("rm", "-f", name)
+
+	args := []string{"run", "-d", "--name", name}
+	restart := firstString(stringValue(container["restart_policy"]), "unless-stopped")
+	args = append(args, "--restart", restart)
+	if labels, ok := container["labels"].(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+		for key, value := range labels {
+			args = append(args, "--label", fmt.Sprintf("%s=%v", key, value))
+		}
+	}
+	if mem := int64Value(container["memory"]); mem > 0 {
+		args = append(args, "--memory", fmt.Sprintf("%d", mem))
+	}
+	if cpus := floatValue(container["cpus"]); cpus > 0 {
+		args = append(args, "--cpus", fmt.Sprintf("%g", cpus))
+	}
 	if env, ok := container["environment"].(map[string]interface{}); ok {
 		for key, value := range env {
 			args = append(args, "-e", fmt.Sprintf("%s=%v", key, value))
@@ -278,8 +329,14 @@ func createContainer(payload map[string]interface{}) (string, error) {
 			hostPort := intValue(port["host_port"])
 			containerPort := intValue(port["container_port"])
 			protocol := firstString(stringValue(port["protocol"]), "tcp")
-			if hostPort > 0 && containerPort > 0 {
+			if containerPort <= 0 {
+				continue
+			}
+			if hostPort > 0 {
 				args = append(args, "-p", fmt.Sprintf("%d:%d/%s", hostPort, containerPort, protocol))
+			} else {
+				// Ephemeral host port — docker picks the binding.
+				args = append(args, "-p", fmt.Sprintf("%d/%s", containerPort, protocol))
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -301,7 +358,33 @@ func createContainer(payload map[string]interface{}) (string, error) {
 		}
 	}
 	args = append(args, image)
-	return runDocker(args...)
+	if cmd, ok := container["command"].([]interface{}); ok {
+		for _, arg := range cmd {
+			args = append(args, stringValue(arg))
+		}
+	}
+	if _, err := runDocker(args...); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	// docker run -d returns before the entrypoint fails — a crash-looping
+	// service would be reported healthy. Give it a moment, then verify.
+	time.Sleep(1500 * time.Millisecond)
+	state, _ := runDocker("inspect", "-f", "{{.State.Status}}", name)
+	if state != "running" {
+		logs, _ := runDocker("logs", "--tail", "5", name)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("container %s is %q after start: %s", name, state, logs)
+	}
+	return name, nil
+}
+
+// registryHostOf mirrors the server's registryHost: first path segment with
+// a "." or ":" is a registry host; bare names mean Docker Hub.
+func registryHostOf(imageRef string) string {
+	parts := strings.Split(imageRef, "/")
+	if len(parts) > 1 && (strings.Contains(parts[0], ".") || strings.Contains(parts[0], ":")) {
+		return parts[0]
+	}
+	return "docker.io"
 }
 
 func commandTarget(payload map[string]interface{}) string {
@@ -354,6 +437,42 @@ func detectCapabilities() capabilities {
 	}
 }
 
+// detectMeshInterfaces reports overlay-network interface IPs (tailscale,
+// netbird, zerotier, wireguard) so the backend can display reachable
+// mesh addresses alongside the primary IP.
+func detectMeshInterfaces() map[string]string {
+	ifaces, err := net.Interfaces()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	mesh := map[string]string{}
+	for _, iface := range ifaces {
+		name := strings.ToLower(iface.Name)
+		isMesh := strings.HasPrefix(name, "tailscale") || strings.HasPrefix(name, "ts.") ||
+			strings.HasPrefix(name, "netbird") || strings.HasPrefix(name, "wt") ||
+			strings.HasPrefix(name, "zt") || strings.HasPrefix(name, "wg")
+		if !isMesh || iface.Flags&net.FlagUp == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		addrs, err := iface.Addrs()
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, addr := range addrs {
+			ip, _, err := net.ParseCIDR(addr.String())
+			if err != nil || ip.IsLoopback() {
+				continue
+			}
+			if v4 := ip.To4(); v4 != nil {
+				mesh[iface.Name] = v4.String()
+			} else if _, exists := mesh[iface.Name]; !exists {
+				mesh[iface.Name] = ip.String()
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return mesh
+}
+
 func collectResources(ip string) nodeResources {
 	mem := readMemory()
 	storage := readStorage("/")
@@ -564,3 +683,35 @@ func boolValue(value interface{}) bool {
 	typed, _ := value.(bool)
 	return typed
 }
+
+func int64Value(value interface{}) int64 {
+	switch typed := value.(type) {
+	case int64:
+		return typed
+	case int:
+		return int64(typed)
+	case float64:
+		return int64(typed)
+	case json.Number:
+		out, _ := typed.Int64()
+		return out
+	default:
+		return 0
+	}
+}
+
+func floatValue(value interface{}) float64 {
+	switch typed := value.(type) {
+	case float64:
+		return typed
+	case int:
+		return float64(typed)
+	case int64:
+		return float64(typed)
+	case json.Number:
+		out, _ := typed.Float64()
+		return out
+	default:
+		return 0
+	}
+}

app/backend/cmd/cli/main.go

@@ -15,8 +15,5 @@ var (
 
 func main() {
 	cli.SetVersion(fmt.Sprintf("%s (%s, %s)", Version, GitCommit, BuildTime))
-	if err := cli.Run(); err != nil {
-		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Error: %v\n", err)
-		os.Exit(1)
-	}
+	os.Exit(cli.Execute())
 }

app/backend/cmd/mcp/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"containr/internal/mcpserver"
+)
+
+// Injected at build time via -ldflags.
+var Version = "dev"
+
+// containr-mcp exposes the whole Containr API as MCP tools over stdio.
+// Configure it in an MCP client with:
+//
+//	command: containr-mcp
+//	env: CONTAINR_API_URL, CONTAINR_TOKEN (a cnp_ personal access token)
+func main() {
+	apiURL := os.Getenv("CONTAINR_API_URL")
+	if apiURL == "" {
+		apiURL = "http://localhost:8080/api/v1"
+	}
+	apiURL = strings.TrimSuffix(apiURL, "/")
+	if !strings.HasSuffix(apiURL, "/api/v1") {
+		apiURL += "/api/v1"
+	}
+
+	ctx, stop := signal.NotifyContext(context.Background(), os.Interrupt, syscall.SIGTERM)
+	defer stop()
+
+	if err := mcpserver.Run(ctx, apiURL, os.Getenv("CONTAINR_TOKEN"), Version); err != nil {
+		fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "containr-mcp: %v\n", err)
+		os.Exit(1)
+	}
+}

app/backend/go.mod

@@ -8,11 +8,13 @@ require (
 	github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.9.1
 	github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.30.1
 	github.com/go-redis/redis/v8 v8.11.5
-	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.2.2
+	github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.3.1
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
 	github.com/gorilla/websocket v1.5.3
 	github.com/lib/pq v1.10.9
 	github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.72
+	github.com/minio/minio-go/v7 v7.0.95
+	github.com/modelcontextprotocol/go-sdk v1.7.0
 	github.com/pressly/goose/v3 v3.24.1
 	github.com/robfig/cron/v3 v3.0.1
 	github.com/rs/cors v1.10.1
@@ -21,6 +23,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/sqlc-dev/pqtype v0.3.0
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
 	golang.org/x/crypto v0.57.0
+	golang.org/x/term v0.46.0
+	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1
 )
 
 require (
@@ -35,22 +39,28 @@ require (
 	github.com/dgryski/go-rendezvous v0.0.0-20200823014737-9f7001d12a5f // indirect
 	github.com/distribution/reference v0.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-units v0.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.1 // indirect
 	github.com/felixge/httpsnoop v1.0.4 // indirect
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/gabriel-vasile/mimetype v1.4.12 // indirect
 	github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-ini/ini v1.67.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/stdr v1.2.2 // indirect
 	github.com/go-playground/locales v0.14.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-playground/universal-translator v0.18.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
-	github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2 // indirect
+	github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.5 // indirect
+	github.com/google/jsonschema-go v0.4.3 // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
-	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.4 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.0 // indirect
+	github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.11 // indirect
 	github.com/leodido/go-urn v1.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
 	github.com/mfridman/interpolate v0.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/minio/crc64nvme v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/minio/md5-simd v1.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/docker-image-spec v1.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/sys/atomicwriter v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/moby/term v0.5.2 // indirect
@@ -60,17 +70,23 @@ require (
 	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.4 // indirect
+	github.com/philhofer/fwd v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/rs/xid v1.6.0 // indirect
 	github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero v0.11.0 // indirect
+	github.com/segmentio/asm v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/segmentio/encoding v0.5.4 // indirect
 	github.com/sethvargo/go-retry v0.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/sourcegraph/conc v0.3.1-0.20240121214520-5f936abd7ae8 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/afero v1.15.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/cast v1.10.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.10 // indirect
 	github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tinylib/msgp v1.3.0 // indirect
 	github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 // indirect
 	github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.11 // indirect
+	github.com/yosida95/uritemplate/v3 v3.0.2 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.2.1 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.60.0 // indirect
 	go.opentelemetry.io/otel v1.41.0 // indirect
@@ -84,13 +100,13 @@ require (
 	golang.org/x/arch v0.3.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/mod v0.41.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/net v0.59.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.35.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sync v0.23.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/sys v0.48.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.42.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/time v0.11.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/time v0.15.0 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/tools v0.49.0 // indirect
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.11 // indirect
-	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 	gotest.tools/v3 v3.5.2 // indirect
 	modernc.org/sqlite v1.39.0 // indirect
 )

app/backend/go.sum

@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0 h1:Y/yl/+YNO8GZSjAhjMsSuLt29uWRFHdHYUb5lYOV9qE
 github.com/gin-contrib/sse v0.1.0/go.mod h1:RHrZQHXnP2xjPF+u1gW/2HnVO7nvIa9PG3Gm+fLHvGI=
 github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.9.1 h1:4idEAncQnU5cB7BeOkPtxjfCSye0AAm1R0RVIqJ+Jmg=
 github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.9.1/go.mod h1:hPrL7YrpYKXt5YId3A/Tnip5kqbEAP+KLuI3SUcPTeU=
+github.com/go-ini/ini v1.67.0 h1:z6ZrTEZqSWOTyH2FlglNbNgARyHG8oLW9gMELqKr06A=
+github.com/go-ini/ini v1.67.0/go.mod h1:ByCAeIL28uOIIG0E3PJtZPDL8WnHpFKFOtgjp+3Ies8=
 github.com/go-logr/logr v1.2.2/go.mod h1:jdQByPbusPIv2/zmleS9BjJVeZ6kBagPoEUsqbVz/1A=
 github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 h1:CjnDlHq8ikf6E492q6eKboGOC0T8CDaOvkHCIg8idEI=
 github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3/go.mod h1:9T104GzyrTigFIr8wt5mBrctHMim0Nb2HLGrmQ40KvY=
@@ -63,13 +65,15 @@ github.com/go-redis/redis/v8 v8.11.5 h1:AcZZR7igkdvfVmQTPnu9WE37LRrO/YrBH5zWyjDC
 github.com/go-redis/redis/v8 v8.11.5/go.mod h1:gREzHqY1hg6oD9ngVRbLStwAWKhA0FEgq8Jd4h5lpwo=
 github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.4.0 h1:EBsztssimR/CONLSZZ04E8qAkxNYq4Qp9LvH92wZUgs=
 github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.4.0/go.mod h1:oJDH3BJKyqBA2TXFhDsKDGDTlndYOZ6rGS0BRZIxGhM=
-github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2 h1:CrxCmQqYDkv1z7lO7Wbh2HN93uovUHgrECaO5ZrCXAU=
-github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.2/go.mod h1:6MelG93GURQebXPDq3khkgXZkazVtN9CRI+MGFi0w8I=
-github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.2.2 h1:Rl4B7itRWVtYIHFrSNd7vhTiz9UpLdi6gZhZ3wEeDy8=
-github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.2.2/go.mod h1:pqrtFR0X4osieyHYxtmOUWsAWrfe1Q5UVIyoH402zdk=
+github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.5 h1:Fq85nIqj+gXn/S5ahsiTlK3TmC85qgirsdTP/+DeaC4=
+github.com/goccy/go-json v0.10.5/go.mod h1:oq7eo15ShAhp70Anwd5lgX2pLfOS3QCiwU/PULtXL6M=
+github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.3.1 h1:kYf81DTWFe7t+1VvL7eS+jKFVWaUnK9cB1qbwn63YCY=
+github.com/golang-jwt/jwt/v5 v5.3.1/go.mod h1:fxCRLWMO43lRc8nhHWY6LGqRcf+1gQWArsqaEUEa5bE=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0 h1:wk8382ETsv4JYUZwIsn6YpYiWiBsYLSJiTsyBybVuN8=
 github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0/go.mod h1:pXiqmnSA92OHEEa9HXL2W4E7lf9JzCmGVUdgjX3N/iU=
 github.com/google/gofuzz v1.0.0/go.mod h1:dBl0BpW6vV/+mYPU4Po3pmUjxk6FQPldtuIdl/M65Eg=
+github.com/google/jsonschema-go v0.4.3 h1:/DBOLZTfDow7pe2GmaJNhltueGTtDKICi8V8p+DQPd0=
+github.com/google/jsonschema-go v0.4.3/go.mod h1:r5quNTdLOYEz95Ru18zA0ydNbBuYoo9tgaYcxEYhJVE=
 github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0 h1:NIvaJDMOsjHA8n1jAhLSgzrAzy1Hgr+hNrb57e+94F0=
 github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0/go.mod h1:TIyPZe4MgqvfeYDBFedMoGGpEw/LqOeaOT+nhxU+yHo=
 github.com/gorilla/websocket v1.5.3 h1:saDtZ6Pbx/0u+bgYQ3q96pZgCzfhKXGPqt7kZ72aNNg=
@@ -80,9 +84,12 @@ github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 h1:wN+x4NVGpMsO7ErUn/mUI3vEoE6Jt13X2
 github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0/go.mod h1:vpF70FUmC8bwa3OWnCshd2FqLfsEA9PFc4w1p2J65bw=
 github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 h1:PV8peI4a0ysnczrg+LtxykD8LfKY9ML6u2jnxaEnrnM=
 github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12/go.mod h1:e30LSqwooZae/UwlEbR2852Gd8hjQvJoHmT4TnhNGBo=
+github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.0 h1:c/Cqfb0r+Yi+JtIEq73FWXVkRonBlf0CRNYc8Zttxdo=
+github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.0/go.mod h1:2Pp+KzxcywXVXMr50+X0Q/Lsb43OQHYWRCY2AiWywWQ=
+github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.0.1/go.mod h1:FInQzS24/EEf25PyTYn52gqo7WaD8xa0213Md/qVLRg=
 github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.0.9/go.mod h1:FInQzS24/EEf25PyTYn52gqo7WaD8xa0213Md/qVLRg=
-github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.4 h1:acbojRNwl3o09bUq+yDCtZFc1aiwaAAxtcn8YkZXnvk=
-github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.4/go.mod h1:RVVoqg1df56z8g3pUjL/3lE5UfnlrJX8tyFgg4nqhuY=
+github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.11 h1:0OwqZRYI2rFrjS4kvkDnqJkKHdHaRnCm68/DY4OxRzU=
+github.com/klauspost/cpuid/v2 v2.2.11/go.mod h1:hqwkgyIinND0mEev00jJYCxPNVRVXFQeu1XKlok6oO0=
 github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1 h1:flRD4NNwYAUpkphVc1HcthR4KEIFJ65n8Mw5qdRn3LE=
 github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.1/go.mod h1:hoEshYVHaxMs3cyo3Yncou5ZscifuDolrwPKZanG3xk=
 github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 h1:5Nx0Ya0ZqY2ygV366QzturHI13Jq95ApcVaJBhpS+AY=
@@ -97,6 +104,12 @@ github.com/mfridman/interpolate v0.0.2 h1:pnuTK7MQIxxFz1Gr+rjSIx9u7qVjf5VOoM/u6B
 github.com/mfridman/interpolate v0.0.2/go.mod h1:p+7uk6oE07mpE/Ik1b8EckO0O4ZXiGAfshKBWLUM9Xg=
 github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.72 h1:vhmr+TF2A3tuoGNkLDFK9zi36F2LS+hKTRW0Uf8kbzI=
 github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.72/go.mod h1:+EuEPhdHOsfk6Wk5TT2CzssZdqkmFhf8r+aVyDEToIs=
+github.com/minio/crc64nvme v1.0.2 h1:6uO1UxGAD+kwqWWp7mBFsi5gAse66C4NXO8cmcVculg=
+github.com/minio/crc64nvme v1.0.2/go.mod h1:eVfm2fAzLlxMdUGc0EEBGSMmPwmXD5XiNRpnu9J3bvg=
+github.com/minio/md5-simd v1.1.2 h1:Gdi1DZK69+ZVMoNHRXJyNcxrMA4dSxoYHZSQbirFg34=
+github.com/minio/md5-simd v1.1.2/go.mod h1:MzdKDxYpY2BT9XQFocsiZf/NKVtR7nkE4RoEpN+20RM=
+github.com/minio/minio-go/v7 v7.0.95 h1:ywOUPg+PebTMTzn9VDsoFJy32ZuARN9zhB+K3IYEvYU=
+github.com/minio/minio-go/v7 v7.0.95/go.mod h1:wOOX3uxS334vImCNRVyIDdXX9OsXDm89ToynKgqUKlo=
 github.com/moby/docker-image-spec v1.3.1 h1:jMKff3w6PgbfSa69GfNg+zN/XLhfXJGnEx3Nl2EsFP0=
 github.com/moby/docker-image-spec v1.3.1/go.mod h1:eKmb5VW8vQEh/BAr2yvVNvuiJuY6UIocYsFu/DxxRpo=
 github.com/moby/sys/atomicwriter v0.1.0 h1:kw5D/EqkBwsBFi0ss9v1VG3wIkVhzGvLklJ+w3A14Sw=
@@ -105,6 +118,8 @@ github.com/moby/sys/sequential v0.6.0 h1:qrx7XFUd/5DxtqcoH1h438hF5TmOvzC/lspjy7z
 github.com/moby/sys/sequential v0.6.0/go.mod h1:uyv8EUTrca5PnDsdMGXhZe6CCe8U/UiTWd+lL+7b/Ko=
 github.com/moby/term v0.5.2 h1:6qk3FJAFDs6i/q3W/pQ97SX192qKfZgGjCQqfCJkgzQ=
 github.com/moby/term v0.5.2/go.mod h1:d3djjFCrjnB+fl8NJux+EJzu0msscUP+f8it8hPkFLc=
+github.com/modelcontextprotocol/go-sdk v1.7.0 h1:yqjY2dsbKAC0LSuWZVBMrHgiG8ukXv6NRo0JiALay44=
+github.com/modelcontextprotocol/go-sdk v1.7.0/go.mod h1:dL7u98E/zjJTGzEq+j30jQ8K2k1mb6LeAH4inEcSGts=
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180228061459-e0a39a4cb421/go.mod h1:6dJC0mAP4ikYIbvyc7fijjWJddQyLn8Ig3JB5CqoB9Q=
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd h1:TRLaZ9cD/w8PVh93nsPXa1VrQ6jlwL5oN8l14QlcNfg=
 github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd/go.mod h1:6dJC0mAP4ikYIbvyc7fijjWJddQyLn8Ig3JB5CqoB9Q=
@@ -126,6 +141,8 @@ github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.1 h1:y0fUlFfIZhPF1W537XOLg0/fcx6zcHCJw
 github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.1.1/go.mod h1:qpqAh3Dmcf36wStyyWU+kCeDgrGnAve2nCC8+7h8Q0M=
 github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.4 h1:mye9XuhQ6gvn5h28+VilKrrPoQVanw5PMw/TB0t5Ec4=
 github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.4/go.mod h1:2gIqNv+qfxSVS7cM2xJQKtLSTLUE9V8t9Stt+h56mCY=
+github.com/philhofer/fwd v1.2.0 h1:e6DnBTl7vGY+Gz322/ASL4Gyp1FspeMvx1RNDoToZuM=
+github.com/philhofer/fwd v1.2.0/go.mod h1:RqIHx9QI14HlwKwm98g9Re5prTQ6LdeRQn+gXJFxsJM=
 github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 h1:FEBLx1zS214owpjy7qsBeixbURkuhQAwrK5UwLGTwt4=
 github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1/go.mod h1:bwawxfHBFNV+L2hUp1rHADufV3IMtnDRdf1r5NINEl0=
 github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 h1:4DBwDE0NGyQoBHbLQYPwSUPoCMWR5BEzIk/f1lZbAQM=
@@ -140,9 +157,15 @@ github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.14.1 h1:UQB4HGPB6osV0SQTLymcB4TgvyWu6ZyliaW0t
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.14.1/go.mod h1:MaRKkUm5W0goXpeCfT7UZI6fk/L7L7so1lCWt35ZSgc=
 github.com/rs/cors v1.10.1 h1:L0uuZVXIKlI1SShY2nhFfo44TYvDPQ1w4oFkUJNfhyo=
 github.com/rs/cors v1.10.1/go.mod h1:XyqrcTp5zjWr1wsJ8PIRZssZ8b/WMcMf71DJnit4EMU=
+github.com/rs/xid v1.6.0 h1:fV591PaemRlL6JfRxGDEPl69wICngIQ3shQtzfy2gxU=
+github.com/rs/xid v1.6.0/go.mod h1:7XoLgs4eV+QndskICGsho+ADou8ySMSjJKDIan90Nz0=
 github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0/go.mod h1:+Rmxgy9KzJVeS9/2gXHxylqXiyQDYRxCVz55jmeOWTM=
 github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero v0.11.0 h1:1iurJgmM9G3PA/I+wWYIOw/5SyBtxapeHDcg+AAIFXc=
 github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero v0.11.0/go.mod h1:nVIGvgyzw595SUSUE6tvCp3YYTeHs15MvlmU87WwIik=
+github.com/segmentio/asm v1.2.0 h1:9BQrFxC+YOHJlTlHGkTrFWf59nbL3XnCoFLTwDCI7ys=
+github.com/segmentio/asm v1.2.0/go.mod h1:BqMnlJP91P8d+4ibuonYZw9mfnzI9HfxselHZr5aAcs=
+github.com/segmentio/encoding v0.5.4 h1:OW1VRern8Nw6ITAtwSZ7Idrl3MXCFwXHPgqESYfvNt0=
+github.com/segmentio/encoding v0.5.4/go.mod h1:HS1ZKa3kSN32ZHVZ7ZLPLXWvOVIiZtyJnO1gPH1sKt0=
 github.com/sethvargo/go-retry v0.3.0 h1:EEt31A35QhrcRZtrYFDTBg91cqZVnFL2navjDrah2SE=
 github.com/sethvargo/go-retry v0.3.0/go.mod h1:mNX17F0C/HguQMyMyJxcnU471gOZGxCLyYaFyAZraas=
 github.com/sirupsen/logrus v1.9.3 h1:dueUQJ1C2q9oE3F7wvmSGAaVtTmUizReu6fjN8uqzbQ=
@@ -174,10 +197,14 @@ github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1 h1:7s2iGBzp5EwR7/aIZr8ao5+dra3wiQyKjjFuvgVKu
 github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1/go.mod h1:wZwfW3scLgRK+23gO65QZefKpKQRnfz6sD981Nm4B6U=
 github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0 h1:9NlTDc1FTs4qu0DDq7AEtTPNw6SVm7uBMsUCUjABIf8=
 github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0/go.mod h1:Dk4QP5c2W3ibzajGcXpNraDfq2IrhjMIvMSWPKKo0FU=
+github.com/tinylib/msgp v1.3.0 h1:ULuf7GPooDaIlbyvgAxBV/FI7ynli6LZ1/nVUNu+0ww=
+github.com/tinylib/msgp v1.3.0/go.mod h1:ykjzy2wzgrlvpDCRc4LA8UXy6D8bzMSuAF3WD57Gok0=
 github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1 h1:SU5vSMR7hnwNxj24w34ZyCi/FmDZTkS4MhqMhdFk5YI=
 github.com/twitchyliquid64/golang-asm v0.15.1/go.mod h1:a1lVb/DtPvCB8fslRZhAngC2+aY1QWCk3Cedj/Gdt08=
 github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.11 h1:BMaWp1Bb6fHwEtbplGBGJ498wD+LKlNSl25MjdZY4dU=
 github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.11/go.mod h1:UNopzCgEMSXjBc6AOMqYvWC1ktqTAfzJZUZgYf6w6lg=
+github.com/yosida95/uritemplate/v3 v3.0.2 h1:Ed3Oyj9yrmi9087+NczuL5BwkIc4wvTb5zIM+UJPGz4=
+github.com/yosida95/uritemplate/v3 v3.0.2/go.mod h1:ILOh0sOhIJR3+L/8afwt/kE++YT040gmv5BQTMR2HP4=
 go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.2.1 h1:jXsnJ4Lmnqd11kwkBV2LgLoFMZKizbCi5fNZ/ipaZ64=
 go.opentelemetry.io/auto/sdk v1.2.1/go.mod h1:KRTj+aOaElaLi+wW1kO/DZRXwkF4C5xPbEe3ZiIhN7Y=
 go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/net/http/otelhttp v0.60.0 h1:sbiXRNDSWJOTobXh5HyQKjq6wUC5tNybqjIqDpAY4CU=
@@ -213,16 +240,19 @@ golang.org/x/mod v0.41.0 h1:qJmnOUb4YB+FsEuM3HcWucdZASCPGhsX6uljO6pog0c=
 golang.org/x/mod v0.41.0/go.mod h1:Ek9pY8RKWXwsWvd3rQiHYtMqkjSUV+s1Rj7j4H5Ur6o=
 golang.org/x/net v0.59.0 h1:5zfYln+w5XCxwrnMMJPufRgNoXEaGxl0wo5GqPXyues=
 golang.org/x/net v0.59.0/go.mod h1:2DA/G1UfVbCpQPeWTmMPGY7Cs2PkBkwu743bVX5PIVg=
+golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.35.0 h1:Mv2mzuHuZuY2+bkyWXIHMfhNdJAdwW3FuWeCPYN5GVQ=
+golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.35.0/go.mod h1:lzm5WQJQwKZ3nwavOZ3IS5Aulzxi68dUSgRHujetwEA=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.23.0 h1:KameEIfc1IkluZyXWLn39Wd4tURc6GbCiISGiZm2bQk=
 golang.org/x/sync v0.23.0/go.mod h1:sUUOizhqBxiL6pEWpqNLUiaJn1ShEbZ6BBqskPbjZm0=
-golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220704084225-05e143d24a9e/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.6.0/go.mod h1:oPkhp1MJrh7nUepCBck5+mAzfO9JrbApNNgaTdGDITg=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.48.0 h1:bbX/i/6MgT9BVLM9RT1thmxL04yeTAhbEz4SyadbXoo=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.48.0/go.mod h1:hNLxWAXmnKAxqDtdwIYC4bM9oQPEecfsnNMuSxOs3og=
+golang.org/x/term v0.46.0 h1:3+OXuTbaKDgwk8jTi3aSLHRlmWqHEUDUtxnbFigO4YE=
+golang.org/x/term v0.46.0/go.mod h1:+K02xbkittuwc0Am4abfA3Fc+XRGXkvBXNO88NCXPoc=
 golang.org/x/text v0.42.0 h1:JbOZXgfeCPU9gacVtYliJqOhD+zhrEqK4LfdpmlUZqI=
 golang.org/x/text v0.42.0/go.mod h1:ojzP1Z+2QtioaF8DTtO8K5q7JWVVYwZKenzujK0Zd0E=
-golang.org/x/time v0.11.0 h1:/bpjEDfN9tkoN/ryeYHnv5hcMlc8ncjMcM4XBk5NWV0=
-golang.org/x/time v0.11.0/go.mod h1:CDIdPxbZBQxdj6cxyCIdrNogrJKMJ7pr37NYpMcMDSg=
+golang.org/x/time v0.15.0 h1:bbrp8t3bGUeFOx08pvsMYRTCVSMk89u4tKbNOZbp88U=
+golang.org/x/time v0.15.0/go.mod h1:Y4YMaQmXwGQZoFaVFk4YpCt4FLQMYKZe9oeV/f4MSno=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.49.0 h1:3NI7VXzL9+1WZD52Dx2ttoPwD5DWrFGpl9mFZDlmisI=
 golang.org/x/tools v0.49.0/go.mod h1:SJNXV9DBKT0UbdttsQjbfJlAE/q+y36++zo3uL3N0Oo=
 google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20260128011058-8636f8732409 h1:merA0rdPeUV3YIIfHHcH4qBkiQAc1nfCKSI7lB4cV2M=

app/backend/internal/api/activity.go

@@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+// Activity feed — enriched audit_logs rows (severity/category/label) served
+// as a global feed and per-project timelines. Visibility mirrors the
+// deployment/operations scoping: own actions, plus events on resources
+// inside visible projects (approved / owned / member; admin sees all).
+
+const activityVisibility = `(
+	a.user_id = $1::uuid OR $2::bool
+	OR (a.resource = 'project' AND a.resource_id IN (
+		SELECT id FROM projects p WHERE p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1::uuid
+		OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1::uuid)))
+	OR (a.resource = 'service' AND a.resource_id IN (
+		SELECT s.id FROM services s JOIN projects p ON p.id = s.project_id
+		WHERE p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1::uuid
+		OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1::uuid)))
+	OR (a.resource = 'deployment' AND a.resource_id IN (
+		SELECT d.id FROM deployments d
+		JOIN services s ON s.id = d.service_id
+		JOIN projects p ON p.id = s.project_id
+		WHERE p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1::uuid
+		OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1::uuid)))
+	OR (a.resource = 'database' AND a.resource_id IN (
+		SELECT ds.id::uuid FROM database_services ds JOIN projects p ON p.id = ds.project_id
+		WHERE p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1::uuid
+		OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1::uuid)))
+)`
+
+const activitySelect = `SELECT
+	a.id, COALESCE(a.user_id::text, ''), COALESCE(u.email, ''),
+	a.resource, COALESCE(a.resource_id::text, ''), a.action,
+	COALESCE(a.details::text, '{}'),
+	COALESCE(a.ip_address::text, ''), COALESCE(a.user_agent, ''),
+	COALESCE(a.severity, 'info'), COALESCE(a.category, ''), COALESCE(a.label, ''),
+	a.created_at
+	FROM audit_logs a
+	LEFT JOIN users u ON u.id = a.user_id`
+
+func scanActivityRows(rows *sql.Rows) []AuditLog {
+	var logs []AuditLog
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var l AuditLog
+		if err := rows.Scan(&l.ID, &l.UserID, &l.UserEmail, &l.Resource, &l.ResourceID,
+			&l.Action, &l.Details, &l.IPAddress, &l.UserAgent,
+			&l.Severity, &l.Category, &l.Label, &l.CreatedAt); err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		// Rows written before enrichment carry empty metadata — classify on read.
+		if l.Label == "" || l.Category == "" {
+			sev, cat, label := classifyAuditEvent(l.Resource, l.Action)
+			if l.Severity == "" || l.Severity == "info" {
+				l.Severity = sev
+			}
+			if l.Category == "" {
+				l.Category = cat
+			}
+			if l.Label == "" {
+				l.Label = label
+			}
+		}
+		logs = append(logs, l)
+	}
+	return logs
+}
+
+// GET /activity — global feed. Filters: severity, category, resource,
+// project_id, since, page, limit.
+func handleGetActivity(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	isAdmin := contextIsAdmin(c)
+
+	page := parsePositiveInt(c.DefaultQuery("page", "1"), 1)
+	limit := parsePositiveInt(c.DefaultQuery("limit", "50"), 50)
+	if limit > 200 {
+		limit = 200
+	}
+	offset := (page - 1) * limit
+
+	conditions := []string{activityVisibility}
+	args := []interface{}{userID, isAdmin}
+	nextArg := 3
+
+	if v := strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("severity")); v != "" {
+		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("a.severity = $%d", nextArg))
+		args = append(args, v)
+		nextArg++
+	}
+	if v := strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("category")); v != "" {
+		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("a.category = $%d", nextArg))
+		args = append(args, v)
+		nextArg++
+	}
+	if v := strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("resource")); v != "" {
+		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("a.resource = $%d", nextArg))
+		args = append(args, v)
+		nextArg++
+	}
+	if v := strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("project_id")); v != "" {
+		if _, err := uuid.Parse(v); err != nil {
+			respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "invalid project_id")
+			return
+		}
+		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf(`(
+			(a.resource = 'project' AND a.resource_id = $%d::uuid)
+			OR (a.resource = 'service' AND a.resource_id IN (SELECT id FROM services WHERE project_id = $%d::uuid))
+			OR (a.resource = 'deployment' AND a.resource_id IN (
+				SELECT d.id FROM deployments d JOIN services s ON s.id = d.service_id WHERE s.project_id = $%d::uuid))
+			OR (a.resource = 'database' AND a.resource_id IN (SELECT id::uuid FROM database_services WHERE project_id = $%d::uuid))
+		)`, nextArg, nextArg, nextArg, nextArg))
+		args = append(args, v)
+		nextArg++
+	}
+	if v := strings.TrimSpace(c.Query("since")); v != "" {
+		sinceTime, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, v)
+		if err != nil {
+			respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "invalid since timestamp, expected RFC3339")
+			return
+		}
+		conditions = append(conditions, fmt.Sprintf("a.created_at >= $%d", nextArg))
+		args = append(args, sinceTime)
+		nextArg++
+	}
+
+	query := fmt.Sprintf(`%s WHERE %s ORDER BY a.created_at DESC LIMIT $%d OFFSET $%d`,
+		activitySelect, strings.Join(conditions, " AND "), nextArg, nextArg+1)
+	args = append(args, limit, offset)
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(query, args...)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to fetch activity")
+		return
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	logs := scanActivityRows(rows)
+	if logs == nil {
+		logs = []AuditLog{}
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"activity": logs,
+		"page":     page,
+		"limit":    limit,
+		"has_more": len(logs) == limit,
+	})
+}
+
+// GET /projects/:id/activity — per-project timeline. Resource correlation
+// mirrors the global feed, pinned to this project.
+func handleGetProjectActivity(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	projectID := strings.TrimSpace(c.Param("id"))
+	if _, err := uuid.Parse(projectID); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_ID", "invalid project id")
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Access check: approved / owner / member / admin.
+	var visible bool
+	if err := db.QueryRow(
+		`SELECT p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $2::uuid OR $3::bool
+			OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $2::uuid)
+		 FROM projects p WHERE p.id = $1`,
+		projectID, userID, contextIsAdmin(c),
+	).Scan(&visible); err != nil || !visible {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "project not found")
+		return
+	}
+
+	limit := parsePositiveInt(c.DefaultQuery("limit", "50"), 50)
+	if limit > 200 {
+		limit = 200
+	}
+	page := parsePositiveInt(c.DefaultQuery("page", "1"), 1)
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(fmt.Sprintf(`%s WHERE (
+			(a.resource = 'project' AND a.resource_id = $1::uuid)
+			OR (a.resource = 'service' AND a.resource_id IN (SELECT id FROM services WHERE project_id = $1::uuid))
+			OR (a.resource = 'deployment' AND a.resource_id IN (
+				SELECT d.id FROM deployments d JOIN services s ON s.id = d.service_id WHERE s.project_id = $1::uuid))
+			OR (a.resource = 'database' AND a.resource_id IN (SELECT id::uuid FROM database_services WHERE project_id = $1::uuid))
+		) ORDER BY a.created_at DESC LIMIT $2 OFFSET $3`,
+		activitySelect), projectID, limit, (page-1)*limit)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to fetch activity")
+		return
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	logs := scanActivityRows(rows)
+	if logs == nil {
+		logs = []AuditLog{}
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"activity": logs})
+}
+
+// StartAuditRetention prunes audit rows past the retention window once at
+// boot and then daily. AUDIT_RETENTION_DAYS overrides the 90-day default;
+// 0 disables pruning entirely.
+func StartAuditRetention(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB) {
+	days := 90
+	if raw := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("AUDIT_RETENTION_DAYS")); raw != "" {
+		if parsed, err := strconv.Atoi(raw); err == nil {
+			days = parsed
+		}
+	}
+	// Backfill enrichment for rows written before the classifier existed,
+	// batched so a large audit table doesn't hold a giant transaction.
+	go backfillAuditMetadata(db)
+
+	if days <= 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	prune := func() {
+		res, err := db.Exec(`DELETE FROM audit_logs WHERE created_at < NOW() - ($1::int * INTERVAL '1 day')`, days)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("audit retention prune failed: %v", err)
+			return
+		}
+		if n, _ := res.RowsAffected(); n > 0 {
+			log.Printf("audit retention: pruned %d rows older than %d days", n, days)
+		}
+	}
+	prune()
+
+	go func() {
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(24 * time.Hour)
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case <-ticker.C:
+				prune()
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+}
+
+// backfillAuditMetadata classifies rows written before severity/category/label
+// existed so filters and the feed see uniform metadata.
+func backfillAuditMetadata(db *database.DB) {
+	cursor := uuid.Nil.String()
+	for {
+		rows, err := db.Query(
+			`SELECT id::text, resource, action FROM audit_logs
+			 WHERE label = '' AND id > $1::uuid ORDER BY id LIMIT 500`, cursor)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("audit backfill scan failed: %v", err)
+			return
+		}
+		type row struct{ id, resource, action string }
+		var batch []row
+		for rows.Next() {
+			var r row
+			if rows.Scan(&r.id, &r.resource, &r.action) == nil {
+				batch = append(batch, r)
+			}
+		}
+		rows.Close()
+		if len(batch) == 0 {
+			return
+		}
+		for _, r := range batch {
+			cursor = r.id
+			sev, cat, label := classifyAuditEvent(r.resource, r.action)
+			if _, err := db.Exec(
+				`UPDATE audit_logs SET severity = $1, category = $2, label = $3 WHERE id = $4::uuid`,
+				sev, cat, label, r.id,
+			); err != nil {
+				log.Printf("audit backfill update failed: %v", err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/activity_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+package api
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestClassifyAuditEvent(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		resource, action          string
+		wantSev, wantCat, wantLab string
+	}{
+		{"service", "service.create", "success", "service", "Service created"},
+		{"service", "service.delete", "warning", "service", "Service deleted"},
+		{"deployment", "deploy", "success", "deployment", "Deployment deployed"},
+		{"project", "project.create", "success", "project", "Project created"},
+		{"user_invite", "user_invite.create", "success", "system", "User invite created"},
+		{"user_token", "user_token.revoke", "warning", "security", "User token revoked"},
+		{"service", "deploy.fail", "error", "service", "Service fail"},
+		{"user", "impersonate", "warning", "user", "User impersonated"},
+		{"webhook", "update", "info", "webhook", "Webhook updated"},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		sev, cat, lab := classifyAuditEvent(tc.resource, tc.action)
+		if sev != tc.wantSev {
+			t.Errorf("%s/%s: severity = %q, want %q", tc.resource, tc.action, sev, tc.wantSev)
+		}
+		if cat != tc.wantCat {
+			t.Errorf("%s/%s: category = %q, want %q", tc.resource, tc.action, cat, tc.wantCat)
+		}
+		if lab != tc.wantLab {
+			t.Errorf("%s/%s: label = %q, want %q", tc.resource, tc.action, lab, tc.wantLab)
+		}
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/admin.go

@@ -246,6 +246,57 @@ func handleAdminSetUserAdmin(c *gin.Context) {
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "User updated"})
 }
 
+// POST /admin/users/:id/impersonate — mints a 15-minute bearer token acting
+// as the target user. Admin-only; admin accounts cannot be impersonated
+// (would blur audit attribution). Every use is audit-logged at mint time;
+// token carries `impersonated_by` for downstream attribution.
+func handleAdminImpersonateUser(c *gin.Context) {
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	targetID := strings.TrimSpace(c.Param("id"))
+	if _, err := uuid.Parse(targetID); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_ID", "invalid user id")
+		return
+	}
+
+	var email, name string
+	var isAdmin bool
+	err := db.QueryRowContext(c.Request.Context(),
+		`SELECT email, COALESCE(name, ''), is_admin FROM users WHERE id = $1`, targetID).
+		Scan(&email, &name, &isAdmin)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "user not found")
+		return
+	}
+	if isAdmin {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusForbidden, "FORBIDDEN", "admin accounts cannot be impersonated")
+		return
+	}
+	actorID := optionalUserID(c)
+	if actorID == targetID {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "cannot impersonate yourself")
+		return
+	}
+
+	expiresAt := time.Now().UTC().Add(15 * time.Minute)
+	jwtSecret := c.MustGet("jwt_secret").(string)
+	token, err := generateImpersonationJWT(targetID, email, actorID, jwtSecret, expiresAt)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to generate token")
+		return
+	}
+
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "user", targetID, "impersonate", map[string]interface{}{
+		"actor_id":    actorID,
+		"target_email": email,
+		"expires_at":  expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+	})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"token":      token,
+		"expires_at": expiresAt.Format(time.RFC3339),
+		"user":       gin.H{"id": targetID, "email": email, "name": name},
+	})
+}
+
 func handleAdminSetProjectApproval(c *gin.Context) {
 	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
 	queries := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)

app/backend/internal/api/agents.go

@@ -6,13 +6,16 @@ import (
 	"crypto/sha256"
 	"crypto/subtle"
 	"database/sql"
+	_ "embed"
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"log"
 	"math"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -36,6 +39,8 @@ type NodeAgent struct {
 	Capabilities  AgentCapabilities      `json:"capabilities"`
 	Resources     NodeResources          `json:"resources"`
 	LastHeartbeat time.Time              `json:"last_heartbeat"`
+	AutoPrune     bool                   `json:"auto_prune"`
+	Schedulable   bool                   `json:"schedulable"`
 	CreatedAt     time.Time              `json:"created_at"`
 	UpdatedAt     time.Time              `json:"updated_at"`
 	Metadata      map[string]interface{} `json:"metadata"`
@@ -225,16 +230,38 @@ func unmarshalRaw(raw pqtype.NullRawMessage, dst interface{}) {
 	}
 }
 
+// ListNodeOptions returns the minimal id/name/status list used by the service
+// placement picker — available to any authenticated user (no hostnames, IPs,
+// or telemetry).
+func (h *NodeAgentHandler) ListNodeOptions(c *gin.Context) {
+	rows, err := h.q.ListAgents(c.Request.Context())
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to list nodes"})
+		return
+	}
+	options := make([]gin.H, 0, len(rows))
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		options = append(options, gin.H{
+			"id":     row.ID,
+			"name":   row.Name,
+			"status": row.Status.String,
+		})
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"nodes": options})
+}
+
 func agentFromRow(row sqlcdb.NodeAgent) NodeAgent {
 	agent := NodeAgent{
-		ID:        row.ID,
-		Name:      row.Name,
-		Hostname:  row.Hostname,
-		IPAddress: row.IpAddress,
-		Port:      int(row.Port),
-		Status:    row.Status.String,
-		Version:   row.Version.String,
-		Metadata:  map[string]interface{}{},
+		ID:          row.ID,
+		Name:        row.Name,
+		Hostname:    row.Hostname,
+		IPAddress:   row.IpAddress,
+		Port:        int(row.Port),
+		Status:      row.Status.String,
+		Version:     row.Version.String,
+		AutoPrune:   row.AutoPrune,
+		Schedulable: row.Schedulable,
+		Metadata:    map[string]interface{}{},
 	}
 	if row.LastHeartbeat.Valid {
 		agent.LastHeartbeat = row.LastHeartbeat.Time
@@ -327,6 +354,7 @@ func (h *NodeAgentHandler) RegisterAgent(c *gin.Context) {
 		Port         int               `json:"port" binding:"required"`
 		Capabilities AgentCapabilities `json:"capabilities" binding:"required"`
 		AuthToken    string            `json:"auth_token"`
+		Mesh         map[string]string `json:"mesh"`
 	}
 
 	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
@@ -341,12 +369,28 @@ func (h *NodeAgentHandler) RegisterAgent(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 
 	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+	metadata := map[string]interface{}{}
+	// req.Mesh is authoritative when present (newer agents always send it,
+	// possibly empty); nil means an older agent — keep any stored value.
+	if req.Mesh != nil {
+		metadata["mesh"] = req.Mesh
+	}
 
 	// Re-registering an existing host updates it in place.
 	if existing, err := h.q.GetAgentByHostAndIP(ctx, sqlcdb.GetAgentByHostAndIPParams{
 		Hostname:  req.Hostname,
 		IpAddress: req.IPAddress,
 	}); err == nil {
+		if existing.Metadata.Valid && len(existing.Metadata.RawMessage) > 0 {
+			var prev map[string]interface{}
+			if err := json.Unmarshal(existing.Metadata.RawMessage, &prev); err == nil {
+				for k, v := range prev {
+					if _, ok := metadata[k]; !ok {
+						metadata[k] = v
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
 		updated, err := h.q.UpdateAgent(ctx, sqlcdb.UpdateAgentParams{
 			ID:            existing.ID,
 			Name:          req.Name,
@@ -358,7 +402,9 @@ func (h *NodeAgentHandler) RegisterAgent(c *gin.Context) {
 			Capabilities:  rawJSON(req.Capabilities),
 			Resources:     existing.Resources,
 			LastHeartbeat: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
-			Metadata:      existing.Metadata,
+			Metadata:      rawJSON(metadata),
+			AutoPrune:     existing.AutoPrune,
+			Schedulable:   existing.Schedulable,
 		})
 		if err != nil {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to update agent"})
@@ -408,7 +454,7 @@ func (h *NodeAgentHandler) RegisterAgent(c *gin.Context) {
 		Capabilities:  rawJSON(req.Capabilities),
 		Resources:     rawJSON(resources),
 		LastHeartbeat: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
-		Metadata:      rawJSON(map[string]interface{}{}),
+		Metadata:      rawJSON(metadata),
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to create agent"})
@@ -489,6 +535,8 @@ func (h *NodeAgentHandler) UpdateAgent(c *gin.Context) {
 		Resources:     rawJSON(agent.Resources),
 		LastHeartbeat: sql.NullTime{Time: agent.LastHeartbeat, Valid: !agent.LastHeartbeat.IsZero()},
 		Metadata:      rawJSON(agent.Metadata),
+		AutoPrune:     agent.AutoPrune,
+		Schedulable:   agent.Schedulable,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to update agent"})
@@ -516,6 +564,8 @@ func applyAgentUpdates(agent *NodeAgent, updates map[string]interface{}) {
 	remarshal("capabilities", &agent.Capabilities)
 	remarshal("resources", &agent.Resources)
 	remarshal("metadata", &agent.Metadata)
+	remarshal("auto_prune", &agent.AutoPrune)
+	remarshal("schedulable", &agent.Schedulable)
 }
 
 // DeleteAgent removes an agent
@@ -650,9 +700,40 @@ func (h *NodeAgentHandler) CompleteCommand(c *gin.Context) {
 		h.updateContainerStatusAfterCommand(ctx, out)
 	}
 
+	// Command payloads can carry registry credentials — scrub them once the
+	// command is settled so secrets don't linger in the queue rows.
+	scrubCommandSecrets(ctx, h.q, commandID, command.Payload)
+
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"command": out})
 }
 
+// scrubCommandSecrets rewrites a completed command's payload with any
+// registry password blanked. Best-effort — a failed scrub leaves the row.
+func scrubCommandSecrets(ctx context.Context, q *sqlcdb.Queries, commandID string, payload pqtype.NullRawMessage) {
+	if !payload.Valid || len(payload.RawMessage) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	var doc map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(payload.RawMessage, &doc); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	container, ok := doc["container"].(map[string]interface{})
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	reg, ok := container["registry"].(map[string]interface{})
+	if !ok || reg["password"] == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	reg["password"] = "***"
+	if err := q.ScrubCommandPayload(ctx, sqlcdb.ScrubCommandPayloadParams{
+		ID:      commandID,
+		Payload: rawJSON(doc),
+	}); err != nil {
+		log.Printf("agents: scrub command %s payload: %v", commandID, err)
+	}
+}
+
 func (h *NodeAgentHandler) updateContainerStatusAfterCommand(ctx context.Context, command AgentCommand) {
 	row, err := h.q.GetContainer(ctx, *command.ContainerID)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -803,6 +884,33 @@ func (h *NodeAgentHandler) CreateContainer(c *gin.Context) {
 	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{"container": container})
 }
 
+// PruneAgent enqueues a bounded `docker system prune -af` command. Volumes
+// stay unless the caller explicitly opts in.
+func (h *NodeAgentHandler) PruneAgent(c *gin.Context) {
+	agentID := c.Param("id")
+	if _, err := h.q.GetAgent(c.Request.Context(), agentID); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Agent not found"})
+		return
+	}
+	var req struct {
+		Until   string `json:"until"`   // e.g. "168h" — only prune objects older than this
+		Volumes bool   `json:"volumes"` // destructive — off by default
+	}
+	_ = c.ShouldBindJSON(&req)
+
+	command, err := h.q.CreateCommand(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.CreateCommandParams{
+		ID:          uuid.New().String(),
+		Type:        "prune",
+		NodeAgentID: agentID,
+		Payload:     rawJSON(map[string]interface{}{"until": req.Until, "volumes": req.Volumes}),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to enqueue prune"})
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{"command": command})
+}
+
 // ExecuteCommand executes a command on an agent
 func (h *NodeAgentHandler) ExecuteCommand(c *gin.Context) {
 	agentID := c.Param("id")
@@ -1214,9 +1322,45 @@ func (h *NodeAgentHandler) SetupPublicRoutes(router *gin.RouterGroup) {
 		agents.POST("/heartbeat", h.SendHeartbeat)
 		agents.GET("/:id/commands", h.GetPendingCommandsForAgent)
 		agents.POST("/:id/commands/:commandId/result", h.CompleteCommand)
+
+		// Bootstrap surface — the install script and agent binaries are
+		// public; the enroll token is the actual secret.
+		agents.GET("/install.sh", h.ServeInstallScript)
+		agents.GET("/download/:platform", h.ServeAgentBinary)
 	}
 }
 
+//go:embed assets/install-agent.sh
+var agentInstallScript string
+
+// ServeInstallScript returns the agent bootstrap script. The script
+// downloads the binary from this instance first, GH releases second.
+func (h *NodeAgentHandler) ServeInstallScript(c *gin.Context) {
+	c.Data(http.StatusOK, "text/x-sh", []byte(agentInstallScript))
+}
+
+// ServeAgentBinary streams a bundled agent binary. Images ship the
+// linux binaries under CONTAINR_AGENT_BIN_DIR (default /agents).
+func (h *NodeAgentHandler) ServeAgentBinary(c *gin.Context) {
+	platform := c.Param("platform")
+	if platform != "linux-amd64" && platform != "linux-arm64" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "unsupported platform"})
+		return
+	}
+	dir := os.Getenv("CONTAINR_AGENT_BIN_DIR")
+	if dir == "" {
+		dir = "/agents"
+	}
+	path := filepath.Join(dir, "containr-agent-"+platform)
+	info, err := os.Stat(path)
+	if err != nil || info.IsDir() {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "no bundled binary for " + platform})
+		return
+	}
+	c.Header("Content-Disposition", `attachment; filename="containr-agent"`)
+	c.File(path)
+}
+
 // SetupAdminRoutes registers dashboard/control agent routes. Command
 // history and container details can leak sensitive output, so these stay
 // admin-only rather than joining the public read group.
@@ -1243,8 +1387,94 @@ func (h *NodeAgentHandler) SetupAdminRoutes(router *gin.RouterGroup) {
 		agents.DELETE("/:id/containers/:containerId", h.ContainerAction)
 
 		agents.GET("/:id/metrics", h.GetAgentMetrics)
+		agents.POST("/:id/cordon", h.CordonAgent)
+		agents.POST("/:id/uncordon", h.UncordonAgent)
+		agents.POST("/:id/drain", h.DrainAgent)
+		agents.POST("/:id/prune", h.PruneAgent)
 		agents.POST("/:id/commands", h.ExecuteCommand)
 		agents.GET("/:id/commands", h.GetAgentCommands)
 		agents.GET("/:id/commands/:commandId", h.GetCommandStatus)
 	}
 }
+
+// setSchedulable flips the node's scheduling gate. Cordoned nodes keep
+// running their placed replicas but take no new pins or `auto` placements.
+func (h *NodeAgentHandler) setSchedulable(c *gin.Context, schedulable bool) {
+	id := c.Param("id")
+	if _, err := h.q.GetAgent(c.Request.Context(), id); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "Agent not found")
+		return
+	}
+	if err := h.q.SetAgentSchedulable(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.SetAgentSchedulableParams{
+		ID: id, Schedulable: schedulable,
+	}); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to update node")
+		return
+	}
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "node", id, map[bool]string{true: "uncordon", false: "cordon"}[schedulable], nil)
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"id": id, "schedulable": schedulable})
+}
+
+// CordonAgent blocks new placements on the node (explicit pins and `auto`).
+func (h *NodeAgentHandler) CordonAgent(c *gin.Context) { h.setSchedulable(c, false) }
+
+// UncordonAgent re-opens the node for placement.
+func (h *NodeAgentHandler) UncordonAgent(c *gin.Context) { h.setSchedulable(c, true) }
+
+// DrainAgent cordons the node, removes every service container via the agent
+// command queue, and clears the affected services' pins — they fall back to
+// the local host on next deploy and can be re-pinned to another node.
+// Requires the node to be online; an offline node can't acknowledge the
+// removals.
+func (h *NodeAgentHandler) DrainAgent(c *gin.Context) {
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+	id := c.Param("id")
+	agent, err := h.q.GetAgent(ctx, id)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "Agent not found")
+		return
+	}
+	if agent.Status.String != "online" {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusConflict, "NODE_OFFLINE",
+			"node is not online — reconnect it, or remove the containers manually")
+		return
+	}
+	if err := h.q.SetAgentSchedulable(ctx, sqlcdb.SetAgentSchedulableParams{
+		ID: id, Schedulable: false,
+	}); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to cordon node")
+		return
+	}
+
+	runner := &agentNodeRunner{q: h.q}
+	rows, err := h.q.ListContainersForAgent(ctx, id)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to list node containers")
+		return
+	}
+	services := map[string]bool{}
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		services[row.ServiceID] = true
+	}
+	var drained int
+	var firstErr error
+	for serviceID := range services {
+		if err := runner.RemoveService(ctx, serviceID, id); err != nil {
+			if firstErr == nil {
+				firstErr = err
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		drained += 1
+	}
+	unpinned, _ := h.q.ClearServiceNodePins(ctx, sql.NullString{String: id, Valid: true})
+	if firstErr != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadGateway, "DRAIN_PARTIAL",
+			fmt.Sprintf("drained %d service(s), unpinned %d — one failed: %v", drained, unpinned, firstErr))
+		return
+	}
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "node", id, "drain", map[string]interface{}{
+		"services": drained, "unpinned": unpinned,
+	})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"id": id, "schedulable": false, "services_drained": drained, "services_unpinned": unpinned})
+}

app/backend/internal/api/assets/install-agent.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Containr node agent installer.
+#   curl -fsSL <api>/api/agents/install.sh | bash -s -- --url <api> --token <enroll-token>
+#
+# One-shot: downloads the agent binary from the Containr instance (or GH
+# releases as fallback), writes a systemd unit, starts it. SSH is never
+# needed again — the agent heartbeats and polls commands outbound.
+set -euo pipefail
+
+API_URL=""
+TOKEN=""
+AGENT_NAME=""
+VERSION=""
+
+while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
+  case "$1" in
+    --url) API_URL="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --token) TOKEN="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --name) AGENT_NAME="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    --version) VERSION="$2"; shift 2 ;;
+    *) echo "unknown flag: $1" >&2; exit 2 ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+[ -n "$API_URL" ] || { echo "--url is required" >&2; exit 2; }
+[ -n "$TOKEN" ] || { echo "--token is required (create one: containr nodes tokens create)" >&2; exit 2; }
+API_URL="${API_URL%/}"
+API_URL="${API_URL%/api/v1}"
+API_URL="${API_URL%/api}"
+
+info() { printf '\033[1;34m==>\033[0m %s\n' "$*"; }
+err()  { printf '\033[1;31mError:\033[0m %s\n' "$*" >&2; }
+
+[ "$(id -u)" = "0" ] || { err "run as root (sudo bash -s -- --url … --token …)"; exit 1; }
+command -v docker >/dev/null 2>&1 || { err "docker not found"; exit 1; }
+command -v curl >/dev/null 2>&1 || { err "curl not found"; exit 1; }
+
+ARCH="$(uname -m)"
+case "$ARCH" in
+  x86_64|amd64) ARCH=amd64 ;;
+  aarch64|arm64) ARCH=arm64 ;;
+  *) err "unsupported architecture: $ARCH"; exit 1 ;;
+esac
+
+BIN=/usr/local/bin/containr-agent
+info "downloading containr-agent (linux/$ARCH)"
+if ! curl -fsSL "$API_URL/api/agents/download/linux-$ARCH" -o "$BIN" 2>/dev/null; then
+  info "instance has no bundled binary — trying GitHub releases"
+  REF="${VERSION:-latest}"
+  if [ "$REF" = "latest" ]; then
+    DL="https://github.com/Dvorinka/Containr/releases/latest/download/containr-agent-linux-$ARCH"
+  else
+    DL="https://github.com/Dvorinka/Containr/releases/download/$REF/containr-agent-linux-$ARCH"
+  fi
+  curl -fsSL "$DL" -o "$BIN" || { err "agent download failed"; exit 1; }
+fi
+chmod +x "$BIN"
+
+UNIT=/etc/systemd/system/containr-agent.service
+info "writing systemd unit"
+cat > "$UNIT" <<UNIT
+[Unit]
+Description=Containr node agent
+After=docker.service network-online.target
+Wants=network-online.target
+Requires=docker.service
+
+[Service]
+Environment=CONTAINR_API_URL=$API_URL
+Environment=CONTAINR_AGENT_AUTH_TOKEN=$TOKEN
+Environment=CONTAINR_AGENT_NAME=${AGENT_NAME:-$(hostname)}
+Restart=always
+RestartSec=5
+ExecStart=$BIN
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target
+UNIT
+
+systemctl daemon-reload
+systemctl enable --now containr-agent
+info "agent installed and started — it should appear in Containr within ~15s"

app/backend/internal/api/audit.go

@@ -23,9 +23,67 @@ type AuditLog struct {
 	Details    string    `json:"details" db:"details"`
 	IPAddress  string    `json:"ip_address" db:"ip_address"`
 	UserAgent  string    `json:"user_agent" db:"user_agent"`
+	Severity   string    `json:"severity" db:"severity"`
+	Category   string    `json:"category" db:"category"`
+	Label      string    `json:"label" db:"label"`
 	CreatedAt  time.Time `json:"created_at" db:"created_at"`
 }
 
+// auditVerbs maps action verbs to past-tense words for feed labels.
+var auditVerbs = map[string]string{
+	"create": "created", "delete": "deleted", "update": "updated",
+	"deploy": "deployed", "clone": "cloned", "move": "moved",
+	"backup": "backed up", "restore": "restored", "revoke": "revoked",
+	"impersonate": "impersonated", "provision": "provisioned",
+	"accept": "accepted", "login": "logged in", "scale": "scaled",
+	"sleep": "put to sleep", "wake": "woke", "approve": "approved",
+	"set_admin": "admin flag changed", "provisioned": "provisioned",
+}
+
+// classifyAuditEvent derives severity/category/label for the activity feed.
+// Actions may already carry the resource prefix ("service.clone") — it is
+// stripped before matching.
+func classifyAuditEvent(resource, action string) (severity, category, label string) {
+	verb := action
+	if idx := strings.LastIndex(verb, "."); idx >= 0 {
+		verb = verb[idx+1:]
+	}
+
+	category = resource
+	switch resource {
+	case "user_invite", "invite", "github_app", "banner", "settings":
+		category = "system"
+	case "user_token", "agent_token", "registry_credential":
+		category = "security"
+	}
+
+	severity = "info"
+	switch {
+	case strings.Contains(verb, "fail"), strings.Contains(verb, "error"), strings.Contains(verb, "denied"):
+		severity = "error"
+	case strings.Contains(verb, "delete"), strings.Contains(verb, "revoke"),
+		strings.Contains(verb, "remove"), strings.Contains(verb, "disable"),
+		strings.Contains(verb, "impersonate"):
+		severity = "warning"
+	case strings.Contains(verb, "create"), strings.Contains(verb, "success"),
+		strings.Contains(verb, "complete"), strings.Contains(verb, "accept"),
+		strings.Contains(verb, "provision"), strings.Contains(verb, "clone"),
+		strings.Contains(verb, "deploy"), strings.Contains(verb, "approve"):
+		severity = "success"
+	}
+
+	past := verb
+	if v, ok := auditVerbs[verb]; ok {
+		past = v
+	}
+	resName := strings.ReplaceAll(resource, "_", " ")
+	if resName != "" {
+		resName = strings.ToUpper(resName[:1]) + resName[1:]
+	}
+	label = resName + " " + past
+	return severity, category, label
+}
+
 type AuditLogDetail struct {
 	OldValue  interface{} `json:"old_value,omitempty"`
 	NewValue  interface{} `json:"new_value,omitempty"`
@@ -42,21 +100,27 @@ func LogAudit(userID, resource, resourceID, action string, details map[string]in
 	detailsJSON, _ := json.Marshal(details)
 	resourceUUID := parseUUIDOrNil(resourceID)
 	userUUID := parseUUIDOrNil(userID)
+	severity, category, label := classifyAuditEvent(resource, action)
 
 	auditID := uuid.New().String()
 	_, err := db.Exec(
-		`INSERT INTO audit_logs (id, user_id, resource, resource_id, action, details, created_at)
-		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7)`,
-		auditID, userUUID, resource, resourceUUID, action, string(detailsJSON), time.Now().UTC(),
+		`INSERT INTO audit_logs (id, user_id, resource, resource_id, action, details, severity, category, label, created_at)
+		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10)`,
+		auditID, userUUID, resource, resourceUUID, action, string(detailsJSON), severity, category, label, time.Now().UTC(),
 	)
 
 	if err != nil {
 	}
+
+	emitWebhookEvent(userID, resource, resourceID, action, details)
 }
 
 func LogAuditWithRequest(c *gin.Context, resource, resourceID, action string, details map[string]interface{}) {
 	userID, _ := c.Get("user_id")
 
+	if details == nil {
+		details = map[string]interface{}{}
+	}
 	details["ip_address"] = c.ClientIP()
 	details["user_agent"] = c.GetHeader("User-Agent")
 
@@ -69,16 +133,19 @@ func LogAuditWithRequest(c *gin.Context, resource, resourceID, action string, de
 	}
 	userUUID := parseUUIDOrNil(userIDStr)
 	resourceUUID := parseUUIDOrNil(resourceID)
+	severity, category, label := classifyAuditEvent(resource, action)
 
 	auditID := uuid.New().String()
 	_, err := db.Exec(
-		`INSERT INTO audit_logs (id, user_id, resource, resource_id, action, details, ip_address, user_agent, created_at)
-		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6::jsonb, $7, $8, $9)`,
-		auditID, userUUID, resource, resourceUUID, action, string(detailsJSON), c.ClientIP(), c.GetHeader("User-Agent"), time.Now().UTC(),
+		`INSERT INTO audit_logs (id, user_id, resource, resource_id, action, details, ip_address, user_agent, severity, category, label, created_at)
+		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6::jsonb, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12)`,
+		auditID, userUUID, resource, resourceUUID, action, string(detailsJSON), c.ClientIP(), c.GetHeader("User-Agent"), severity, category, label, time.Now().UTC(),
 	)
 
 	if err != nil {
 	}
+
+	emitWebhookEvent(userIDStr, resource, resourceID, action, details)
 }
 
 var auditDB *database.DB
@@ -151,6 +218,9 @@ func handleGetAuditLogs(c *gin.Context) {
 		COALESCE(a.details::text, '{}'),
 		COALESCE(a.ip_address::text, ''),
 		COALESCE(a.user_agent, ''),
+		COALESCE(a.severity, 'info'),
+		COALESCE(a.category, ''),
+		COALESCE(a.label, ''),
 		a.created_at
 		FROM audit_logs a
 		LEFT JOIN users u ON u.id = a.user_id
@@ -169,7 +239,7 @@ func handleGetAuditLogs(c *gin.Context) {
 	var logs []AuditLog
 	for rows.Next() {
 		var log AuditLog
-		err := rows.Scan(&log.ID, &log.UserID, &log.UserEmail, &log.Resource, &log.ResourceID, &log.Action, &log.Details, &log.IPAddress, &log.UserAgent, &log.CreatedAt)
+		err := rows.Scan(&log.ID, &log.UserID, &log.UserEmail, &log.Resource, &log.ResourceID, &log.Action, &log.Details, &log.IPAddress, &log.UserAgent, &log.Severity, &log.Category, &log.Label, &log.CreatedAt)
 		if err != nil {
 			continue
 		}

app/backend/internal/api/auth.go

@@ -546,6 +546,19 @@ func generateJWT(userID, email, secret string) (string, error) {
 	return token.SignedString([]byte(secret))
 }
 
+// generateImpersonationJWT mints a short-lived token acting as `userID`,
+// tagged with the admin who minted it so downstream callers can attribute
+// actions taken while impersonating.
+func generateImpersonationJWT(userID, email, actorID, secret string, expiresAt time.Time) (string, error) {
+	token := jwt.NewWithClaims(jwt.SigningMethodHS256, jwt.MapClaims{
+		"user_id":         userID,
+		"email":           email,
+		"impersonated_by": actorID,
+		"exp":             expiresAt.Unix(),
+	})
+	return token.SignedString([]byte(secret))
+}
+
 // ValidateJWT validates a JWT token and returns the claims
 func ValidateJWT(tokenString, secret string) (jwt.MapClaims, error) {
 	token, err := jwt.Parse(tokenString, func(token *jwt.Token) (interface{}, error) {

app/backend/internal/api/backuptargets.go

@@ -0,0 +1,646 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"archive/tar"
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+	"containr/internal/docker"
+	"containr/internal/secrets"
+
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/mount"
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/minio/minio-go/v7"
+	"github.com/minio/minio-go/v7/pkg/credentials"
+)
+
+// BackupTarget is an S3-compatible archive destination. Secret keys are
+// stored encrypted and never serialized — has_credentials signals presence.
+type BackupTarget struct {
+	ID             string    `json:"id"`
+	Name           string    `json:"name"`
+	Endpoint       string    `json:"endpoint"`
+	Bucket         string    `json:"bucket"`
+	Region         string    `json:"region,omitempty"`
+	Prefix         string    `json:"prefix,omitempty"`
+	HasCredentials bool      `json:"has_credentials"`
+	UseTLS         bool      `json:"use_tls"`
+	CreatedAt      time.Time `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt      time.Time `json:"updated_at"`
+
+	accessKey string `json:"-"`
+	secretKey string `json:"-"`
+}
+
+type backupTargetRequest struct {
+	Name      string `json:"name"`
+	Endpoint  string `json:"endpoint" binding:"required"`
+	Bucket    string `json:"bucket" binding:"required"`
+	Region    string `json:"region"`
+	Prefix    string `json:"prefix"`
+	AccessKey string `json:"access_key"`
+	SecretKey string `json:"secret_key"`
+	UseTLS    *bool  `json:"use_tls"`
+}
+
+func mapBackupTargetRow(row sqlcdb.BackupTarget) BackupTarget {
+	return BackupTarget{
+		ID:             row.ID,
+		Name:           row.Name,
+		Endpoint:       row.Endpoint,
+		Bucket:         row.Bucket,
+		Region:         row.Region,
+		Prefix:         row.Prefix,
+		HasCredentials: row.SecretKey != "",
+		UseTLS:         row.UseTls,
+		CreatedAt:      databaseNullTime(row.CreatedAt),
+		UpdatedAt:      databaseNullTime(row.UpdatedAt),
+		accessKey:      secrets.Decrypt(row.AccessKey),
+		secretKey:      secrets.Decrypt(row.SecretKey),
+	}
+}
+
+// s3Client builds a client for the target. Endpoint is a bare host[:port] —
+// scheme comes from use_tls, matching MinIO/Garage/AWS conventions.
+func (t BackupTarget) s3Client() (*minio.Client, error) {
+	opts := &minio.Options{Secure: t.UseTLS, Region: t.Region}
+	if t.accessKey != "" || t.secretKey != "" {
+		opts.Creds = credentials.NewStaticV4(t.accessKey, t.secretKey, "")
+	} else {
+		opts.Creds = credentials.NewIAM("")
+	}
+	return minio.New(t.Endpoint, opts)
+}
+
+func normalizeBackupTargetRequest(req *backupTargetRequest) error {
+	req.Name = strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
+	req.Endpoint = strings.TrimSpace(req.Endpoint)
+	req.Endpoint = strings.TrimPrefix(strings.TrimPrefix(req.Endpoint, "https://"), "http://")
+	req.Endpoint = strings.TrimSuffix(req.Endpoint, "/")
+	req.Bucket = strings.TrimSpace(req.Bucket)
+	req.Prefix = strings.Trim(strings.TrimSpace(req.Prefix), "/")
+	if req.Name == "" {
+		return errors.New("name is required")
+	}
+	if req.Endpoint == "" || req.Bucket == "" {
+		return errors.New("endpoint and bucket are required")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// probeBackupTarget verifies credentials and bucket access.
+func probeBackupTarget(ctx context.Context, t BackupTarget) (time.Duration, error) {
+	client, err := t.s3Client()
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	start := time.Now()
+	exists, err := client.BucketExists(ctx, t.Bucket)
+	if err != nil {
+		return 0, err
+	}
+	if !exists {
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("bucket %q not found or not accessible", t.Bucket)
+	}
+	return time.Since(start), nil
+}
+
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) ListBackupTargets(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	rows, err := h.queries.ListBackupTargetsByUser(c.Request.Context(), userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to list backup targets"})
+		return
+	}
+	targets := make([]BackupTarget, 0, len(rows))
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		t := mapBackupTargetRow(row)
+		t.accessKey, t.secretKey = "", ""
+		targets = append(targets, t)
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"backup_targets": targets})
+}
+
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) CreateBackupTarget(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	var req backupTargetRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	if err := normalizeBackupTargetRequest(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	useTLS := true
+	if req.UseTLS != nil {
+		useTLS = *req.UseTLS
+	}
+	target := BackupTarget{
+		ID:        "bt_" + strings.ReplaceAll(uuid.NewString(), "-", "")[:12],
+		Name:      req.Name,
+		Endpoint:  req.Endpoint,
+		Bucket:    req.Bucket,
+		Region:    req.Region,
+		Prefix:    req.Prefix,
+		UseTLS:    useTLS,
+		accessKey: req.AccessKey,
+		secretKey: req.SecretKey,
+	}
+
+	probeCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(c.Request.Context(), 10*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	if _, err := probeBackupTarget(probeCtx, target); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": fmt.Sprintf("Connection check failed: %v", err), "code": "DEPENDENCY_UNAVAILABLE"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	enc := func(v string) string {
+		if v == "" {
+			return ""
+		}
+		return secrets.Encrypt(v)
+	}
+	now := sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true}
+	if err := h.queries.CreateBackupTarget(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.CreateBackupTargetParams{
+		ID:        target.ID,
+		UserID:    userID,
+		Name:      target.Name,
+		Endpoint:  target.Endpoint,
+		Bucket:    target.Bucket,
+		Region:    target.Region,
+		Prefix:    target.Prefix,
+		AccessKey: enc(req.AccessKey),
+		SecretKey: enc(req.SecretKey),
+		UseTls:    useTLS,
+		CreatedAt: now,
+		UpdatedAt: now,
+	}); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to create backup target"})
+		return
+	}
+	LogAudit(userID, "backup_target", target.ID, "create", map[string]interface{}{"name": req.Name, "endpoint": req.Endpoint, "bucket": req.Bucket})
+	target.accessKey, target.secretKey = "", ""
+	target.HasCredentials = req.SecretKey != ""
+	target.CreatedAt, target.UpdatedAt = now.Time, now.Time
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{"backup_target": target})
+}
+
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) UpdateBackupTarget(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	targetID := c.Param("id")
+	row, err := h.queries.GetBackupTargetByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetBackupTargetByIDAndUserParams{ID: targetID, UserID: userID})
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Backup target not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
+		return
+	}
+	var req backupTargetRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	if err := normalizeBackupTargetRequest(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	useTLS := row.UseTls
+	if req.UseTLS != nil {
+		useTLS = *req.UseTLS
+	}
+	// Empty credentials keep the stored pair.
+	accessKey := row.AccessKey
+	secretKey := row.SecretKey
+	if req.AccessKey != "" || req.SecretKey != "" {
+		accessKey = secrets.Encrypt(req.AccessKey)
+		secretKey = secrets.Encrypt(req.SecretKey)
+	}
+
+	target := BackupTarget{
+		Endpoint:  req.Endpoint,
+		Bucket:    req.Bucket,
+		Region:    req.Region,
+		Prefix:    req.Prefix,
+		UseTLS:    useTLS,
+		accessKey: secrets.Decrypt(accessKey),
+		secretKey: secrets.Decrypt(secretKey),
+	}
+	probeCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(c.Request.Context(), 10*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	if _, err := probeBackupTarget(probeCtx, target); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": fmt.Sprintf("Connection check failed: %v", err), "code": "DEPENDENCY_UNAVAILABLE"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	if err := h.queries.UpdateBackupTargetByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.UpdateBackupTargetByIDAndUserParams{
+		Name:      req.Name,
+		Endpoint:  req.Endpoint,
+		Bucket:    req.Bucket,
+		Region:    req.Region,
+		Prefix:    req.Prefix,
+		AccessKey: accessKey,
+		SecretKey: secretKey,
+		UseTls:    useTLS,
+		UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+		ID:        targetID,
+		UserID:    userID,
+	}); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to update backup target"})
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "Backup target updated"})
+}
+
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) DeleteBackupTarget(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	targetID := c.Param("id")
+	count, err := h.queries.CountDatabasesUsingBackupTarget(c.Request.Context(), sql.NullString{String: targetID, Valid: true})
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to check target usage"})
+		return
+	}
+	if count > 0 {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": fmt.Sprintf("%d database(s) still back up to this target", count), "code": "CONFLICT"})
+		return
+	}
+	if err := h.queries.DeleteBackupTargetByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.DeleteBackupTargetByIDAndUserParams{ID: targetID, UserID: userID}); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to delete backup target"})
+		return
+	}
+	LogAudit(userID, "backup_target", targetID, "delete", nil)
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "Backup target deleted"})
+}
+
+// ImportBackup accepts a `.tar.gz` archive (multipart `file` field or raw
+// body) and stores it as a restore point — the counterpart to offsite
+// export, and the entry path for migrators.
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) ImportBackup(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	databaseID := c.Param("id")
+	userID = h.effectiveUserID(c, userID, databaseID)
+
+	row, err := h.queries.GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUserParams{
+		ID: databaseID, UserID: userID,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Database not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
+		return
+	}
+	if row.Provider == "external" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "backup import applies to managed databases — external restores are not supported yet", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Buffer to a temp file — tar headers need the size up front, and a
+	// streamed upload can't be rewound for the archive write.
+	src, _, err := openUploadStream(c)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	defer src.Close()
+
+	tmp, err := os.CreateTemp("", "containr-backup-import-*")
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to stage upload"})
+		return
+	}
+	defer func() { tmp.Close(); os.Remove(tmp.Name()) }()
+
+	const maxImport = 2 << 30 // 2 GiB ceiling for staged archives
+	size, err := io.Copy(tmp, http.MaxBytesReader(c.Writer, src, maxImport))
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusRequestEntityTooLarge, gin.H{"error": "archive too large or unreadable", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	if _, err := tmp.Seek(0, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to read staged upload"})
+		return
+	}
+	magic := make([]byte, 2)
+	if _, err := tmp.Read(magic); err != nil || magic[0] != 0x1f || magic[1] != 0x8b {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "archive must be gzip-compressed (.tar.gz)", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	if _, err := tmp.Seek(0, io.SeekStart); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to read staged upload"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	backupID := generateDatabaseBackupID(databaseID)
+	archivePath := sanitizeBackupArchivePath(managedDatabaseBackupArchivePath(backupID))
+
+	if _, err := h.dockerClient.CreateVolume(c.Request.Context(), docker.VolumeConfig{Name: managedDatabaseBackupVolume}); err != nil && !strings.Contains(strings.ToLower(err.Error()), "already exists") {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to prepare backup volume"})
+		return
+	}
+	holderID, err := h.createBackupVolumeHolder(c.Request.Context())
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": fmt.Sprintf("Failed to open backup volume: %v", err)})
+		return
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = h.dockerClient.RemoveContainer(context.Background(), holderID, true) }()
+
+	pr, pw := io.Pipe()
+	tw := tar.NewWriter(pw)
+	go func() {
+		err := tw.WriteHeader(&tar.Header{Name: archivePath, Mode: 0o644, Size: size})
+		if err == nil {
+			_, err = io.Copy(tw, tmp)
+		}
+		if cerr := tw.Close(); err == nil {
+			err = cerr
+		}
+		_ = pw.CloseWithError(err)
+	}()
+	if err := h.dockerClient.CopyToContainer(c.Request.Context(), holderID, "/backup", pr); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": fmt.Sprintf("Failed to store archive: %v", err)})
+		return
+	}
+
+	now := sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true}
+	if err := h.queries.CreateDatabaseBackup(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.CreateDatabaseBackupParams{
+		ID:         backupID,
+		DatabaseID: databaseID,
+		Size:       humanReadableBytes(size),
+		Status:     "completed",
+		BackupPath: sql.NullString{String: archivePath, Valid: true},
+		CreatedAt:  now,
+	}); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to register backup"})
+		return
+	}
+	_ = h.queries.SetDatabaseBackupStatusByID(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.SetDatabaseBackupStatusByIDParams{
+		Status:      "completed",
+		Size:        humanReadableBytes(size),
+		CompletedAt: now,
+		ID:          backupID,
+	})
+
+	// Imported archives ship offsite too when a target is configured —
+	// the import should be a first-class restore point.
+	go func() {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 20*time.Minute)
+		defer cancel()
+		if key, err := h.uploadBackupToTarget(ctx, row, archivePath, backupID); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("containr: imported backup %s remote upload failed: %v (local archive kept)", backupID, err)
+		} else if key != "" {
+			log.Printf("containr: imported backup %s shipped to %s", backupID, key)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	LogAudit(userID, "database", databaseID, "backup_import", map[string]interface{}{"backup_id": backupID, "size": size})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{"backup_id": backupID, "size": humanReadableBytes(size), "status": "completed"})
+}
+
+// openUploadStream resolves the request body: multipart `file` field when
+// present, otherwise the raw body (e.g. CLI pipe of a .tar.gz).
+func openUploadStream(c *gin.Context) (io.ReadCloser, string, error) {
+	if fh, err := c.FormFile("file"); err == nil {
+		src, err := fh.Open()
+		return src, fh.Filename, err
+	}
+	if c.Request.Body == nil || c.Request.ContentLength == 0 {
+		return nil, "", errors.New("no archive uploaded — send multipart field 'file' or a raw .tar.gz body")
+	}
+	return c.Request.Body, "archive.tar.gz", nil
+}
+
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) TestBackupTarget(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	targetID := c.Param("id")
+	row, err := h.queries.GetBackupTargetByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetBackupTargetByIDAndUserParams{ID: targetID, UserID: userID})
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Backup target not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
+		return
+	}
+	target := mapBackupTargetRow(row)
+	probeCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(c.Request.Context(), 10*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	latency, probeErr := probeBackupTarget(probeCtx, target)
+	if probeErr != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"ok": false, "error": probeErr.Error()})
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"ok": true, "latency_ms": latency.Milliseconds()})
+}
+
+// uploadBackupToTarget copies the archive out of the backup volume and puts
+// it in the configured S3 target. Returns the object key, or "" when no
+// target is configured.
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) uploadBackupToTarget(ctx context.Context, db sqlcdb.DatabaseService, archivePath, backupID string) (string, error) {
+	if !db.BackupTargetID.Valid || db.BackupTargetID.String == "" {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+	targetRow, err := h.queries.GetBackupTargetByID(ctx, db.BackupTargetID.String)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("backup target lookup failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	target := mapBackupTargetRow(targetRow)
+
+	archive, err := h.readBackupArchive(ctx, archivePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("read archive: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		_, _ = io.Copy(io.Discard, archive)
+		_ = archive.Close()
+	}()
+
+	client, err := target.s3Client()
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	key := target.Prefix
+	if key != "" {
+		key += "/"
+	}
+	key += "databases/" + db.ID + "/" + sanitizeBackupArchivePath(archivePath)
+	_, err = client.PutObject(ctx, target.Bucket, key, archive, -1, minio.PutObjectOptions{ContentType: "application/gzip"})
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("s3 upload: %w", err)
+	}
+	_ = h.queries.SetDatabaseBackupRemoteKeyByID(ctx, sqlcdb.SetDatabaseBackupRemoteKeyByIDParams{
+		RemoteKey: sql.NullString{String: key, Valid: true},
+		ID:        backupID,
+	})
+	return key, nil
+}
+
+// readBackupArchive streams an archive out of the shared backup volume via a
+// stopped holder container — the volume has no direct host path.
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) readBackupArchive(ctx context.Context, archivePath string) (io.ReadCloser, error) {
+	holderID, err := h.createBackupVolumeHolder(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	reader, err := h.dockerClient.CopyFromContainer(ctx, holderID, "/backup/"+sanitizeBackupArchivePath(archivePath))
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = h.dockerClient.RemoveContainer(context.Background(), holderID, true)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	// The holder must outlive the stream — deleting the source container while
+	// dockerd serves the archive stalls the read without an error.
+	return &archiveReader{tar: reader, cleanup: func() {
+		_ = h.dockerClient.RemoveContainer(context.Background(), holderID, true)
+	}}, nil
+}
+
+// downloadBackupToVolume fetches a remote archive back into the backup volume
+// so the normal restore path can run unchanged.
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) downloadBackupToVolume(ctx context.Context, db sqlcdb.DatabaseService, remoteKey, archivePath string) error {
+	targetRow, err := h.queries.GetBackupTargetByID(ctx, db.BackupTargetID.String)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("backup target lookup failed: %w", err)
+	}
+	target := mapBackupTargetRow(targetRow)
+	client, err := target.s3Client()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	obj, err := client.GetObject(ctx, target.Bucket, remoteKey, minio.GetObjectOptions{})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer obj.Close()
+
+	archive := sanitizeBackupArchivePath(archivePath)
+	if archive == "" {
+		return errors.New("backup path is required")
+	}
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	tw := tar.NewWriter(&buf)
+	data, err := io.ReadAll(obj)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("s3 download: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err := tw.WriteHeader(&tar.Header{Name: archive, Mode: 0o644, Size: int64(len(data))}); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if _, err := tw.Write(data); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := tw.Close(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	holderID, err := h.createBackupVolumeHolder(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = h.dockerClient.RemoveContainer(context.Background(), holderID, true) }()
+	return h.dockerClient.CopyToContainer(ctx, holderID, "/backup", &buf)
+}
+
+// backupArchiveExists reports whether the archive is still in the local
+// backup volume — a copy attempt on a holder container is the cheapest check.
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) backupArchiveExists(ctx context.Context, archivePath string) (bool, error) {
+	holderID, err := h.createBackupVolumeHolder(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = h.dockerClient.RemoveContainer(context.Background(), holderID, true) }()
+	reader, err := h.dockerClient.CopyFromContainer(ctx, holderID, "/backup/"+sanitizeBackupArchivePath(archivePath))
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, nil
+	}
+	_ = reader.Close()
+	return true, nil
+}
+
+// createBackupVolumeHolder creates a container mounting the backup volume so
+// archives can be copied in and out. It must be started — docker cp/archive
+// only resolves volume mounts on containers that have run at least once.
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) createBackupVolumeHolder(ctx context.Context) (string, error) {
+	if err := h.ensureImage(ctx, managedDatabaseBackupImage); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	holderID, err := h.dockerClient.CreateContainer(ctx, docker.ContainerConfig{
+		Image:         managedDatabaseBackupImage,
+		Cmd:           []string{"true"},
+		RestartPolicy: "no",
+		Mounts:        []mount.Mount{{Type: mount.TypeVolume, Source: managedDatabaseBackupVolume, Target: "/backup"}},
+		Labels:        map[string]string{"containr.managed": "true", "containr.utility": "backup-io"},
+		NetworkMode:   "none",
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	if err := h.dockerClient.StartContainer(ctx, holderID); err != nil {
+		_ = h.dockerClient.RemoveContainer(context.Background(), holderID, true)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to start backup holder: %w", err)
+	}
+	return holderID, nil
+}
+
+// archiveReader unwraps the tar stream CopyFromContainer returns.
+type archiveReader struct {
+	tar     io.ReadCloser
+	tr      *tar.Reader
+	err     error
+	cleanup func()
+}
+
+func (r *archiveReader) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	if r.err != nil {
+		return 0, r.err
+	}
+	if r.tr == nil {
+		r.tr = tar.NewReader(r.tar)
+		// Skip to the first regular file entry.
+		for {
+			hdr, err := r.tr.Next()
+			if err != nil {
+				r.err = err
+				return 0, err
+			}
+			if hdr.Typeflag == tar.TypeReg {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	n, err := r.tr.Read(p)
+	if err != nil {
+		r.err = err
+	}
+	return n, err
+}
+
+func (r *archiveReader) Close() error {
+	err := r.tar.Close()
+	if r.cleanup != nil {
+		r.cleanup()
+		r.cleanup = nil
+	}
+	return err
+}

app/backend/internal/api/backuptargets_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"archive/tar"
+	"bytes"
+	"io"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestNormalizeBackupTargetRequest(t *testing.T) {
+	req := backupTargetRequest{
+		Name:     " garage ",
+		Endpoint: "https://garage.local:3900/",
+		Bucket:   " backups ",
+		Prefix:   " /prod/dbs/ ",
+	}
+	if err := normalizeBackupTargetRequest(&req); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("normalize failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if req.Endpoint != "garage.local:3900" {
+		t.Fatalf("endpoint not normalized: %q", req.Endpoint)
+	}
+	if req.Bucket != "backups" || req.Prefix != "prod/dbs" {
+		t.Fatalf("bucket/prefix not trimmed: %q %q", req.Bucket, req.Prefix)
+	}
+
+	for i, bad := range []backupTargetRequest{
+		{Endpoint: "e", Bucket: "b"}, // no name
+		{Name: "n", Bucket: "b"},     // no endpoint
+		{Name: "n", Endpoint: "e"},   // no bucket
+	} {
+		if err := normalizeBackupTargetRequest(&bad); err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("case %d: expected error", i)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestArchiveReaderUnwrapsTar(t *testing.T) {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	tw := tar.NewWriter(&buf)
+	payload := []byte("backup-bytes")
+	if err := tw.WriteHeader(&tar.Header{Name: "b.tar.gz", Mode: 0o644, Size: int64(len(payload))}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if _, err := tw.Write(payload); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if err := tw.Close(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	r := &archiveReader{tar: io.NopCloser(&buf)}
+	got, err := io.ReadAll(r)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("read: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !bytes.Equal(got, payload) {
+		t.Fatalf("payload mismatch: %q", got)
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/banners.go

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"database/sql"
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+// Instance-wide announcement banners. Admins manage them under
+// /admin/banners; every signed-in user reads the active set at
+// /banners/active so the UI (and CLI) can surface announcements.
+
+var bannerLevels = map[string]bool{"info": true, "success": true, "warning": true, "error": true}
+
+// bannerJSON flattens sqlc nullable wrappers into plain API values.
+type bannerJSON struct {
+	ID          string     `json:"id"`
+	Title       string     `json:"title"`
+	Body        string     `json:"body"`
+	Level       string     `json:"level"`
+	Active      bool       `json:"active"`
+	Dismissible bool       `json:"dismissible"`
+	StartsAt    *time.Time `json:"starts_at,omitempty"`
+	EndsAt      *time.Time `json:"ends_at,omitempty"`
+	CreatedAt   *time.Time `json:"created_at,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func toBannerJSON(b sqlcdb.Banner) bannerJSON {
+	out := bannerJSON{
+		ID:          b.ID.String(),
+		Title:       b.Title,
+		Body:        b.Body,
+		Level:       b.Level,
+		Active:      b.Active,
+		Dismissible: b.Dismissible,
+	}
+	if b.StartsAt.Valid {
+		out.StartsAt = &b.StartsAt.Time
+	}
+	if b.EndsAt.Valid {
+		out.EndsAt = &b.EndsAt.Time
+	}
+	if b.CreatedAt.Valid {
+		out.CreatedAt = &b.CreatedAt.Time
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func toBannerList(banners []sqlcdb.Banner) []bannerJSON {
+	out := make([]bannerJSON, 0, len(banners))
+	for _, b := range banners {
+		out = append(out, toBannerJSON(b))
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+type bannerRequest struct {
+	Title       *string    `json:"title"`
+	Body        *string    `json:"body"`
+	Level       *string    `json:"level"`
+	Active      *bool      `json:"active"`
+	Dismissible *bool      `json:"dismissible"`
+	StartsAt    *time.Time `json:"starts_at"`
+	EndsAt      *time.Time `json:"ends_at"`
+}
+
+func bannerQueries(c *gin.Context) *sqlcdb.Queries {
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	return sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+}
+
+func parseBannerID(c *gin.Context) (uuid.UUID, bool) {
+	id, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_ID", "invalid banner id")
+		return uuid.Nil, false
+	}
+	return id, true
+}
+
+func validBannerLevel(level string) bool { return bannerLevels[level] }
+
+func handleListActiveBanners(c *gin.Context) {
+	banners, err := bannerQueries(c).ListActiveBanners(c.Request.Context())
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to list banners")
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"banners": toBannerList(banners)})
+}
+
+func handleAdminListBanners(c *gin.Context) {
+	banners, err := bannerQueries(c).ListBanners(c.Request.Context())
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to list banners")
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"banners": toBannerList(banners)})
+}
+
+func handleAdminCreateBanner(c *gin.Context) {
+	var req bannerRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_BODY", "invalid request body")
+		return
+	}
+	if req.Title == nil || *req.Title == "" {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "title is required")
+		return
+	}
+	level := "info"
+	if req.Level != nil {
+		if !validBannerLevel(*req.Level) {
+			respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "level must be info, success, warning or error")
+			return
+		}
+		level = *req.Level
+	}
+	userID, _ := requireAuthenticatedUserUUID(c)
+	params := sqlcdb.CreateBannerParams{
+		Title:       *req.Title,
+		Level:       level,
+		Active:      true,
+		Dismissible: true,
+		CreatedBy:   uuid.NullUUID{UUID: userID, Valid: true},
+	}
+	if req.Body != nil {
+		params.Body = *req.Body
+	}
+	if req.Active != nil {
+		params.Active = *req.Active
+	}
+	if req.Dismissible != nil {
+		params.Dismissible = *req.Dismissible
+	}
+	if req.StartsAt != nil {
+		params.StartsAt = sql.NullTime{Time: *req.StartsAt, Valid: true}
+	}
+	if req.EndsAt != nil {
+		params.EndsAt = sql.NullTime{Time: *req.EndsAt, Valid: true}
+	}
+	banner, err := bannerQueries(c).CreateBanner(c.Request.Context(), params)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to create banner")
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, toBannerJSON(banner))
+}
+
+func handleAdminUpdateBanner(c *gin.Context) {
+	id, ok := parseBannerID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	q := bannerQueries(c)
+	banner, err := q.GetBannerByID(c.Request.Context(), id)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "banner not found")
+		return
+	}
+	var req bannerRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_BODY", "invalid request body")
+		return
+	}
+	params := sqlcdb.UpdateBannerParams{
+		ID:          id,
+		Title:       banner.Title,
+		Body:        banner.Body,
+		Level:       banner.Level,
+		Active:      banner.Active,
+		Dismissible: banner.Dismissible,
+		StartsAt:    banner.StartsAt,
+		EndsAt:      banner.EndsAt,
+	}
+	if req.Title != nil {
+		params.Title = *req.Title
+	}
+	if req.Body != nil {
+		params.Body = *req.Body
+	}
+	if req.Level != nil {
+		if !validBannerLevel(*req.Level) {
+			respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "level must be info, success, warning or error")
+			return
+		}
+		params.Level = *req.Level
+	}
+	if req.Active != nil {
+		params.Active = *req.Active
+	}
+	if req.Dismissible != nil {
+		params.Dismissible = *req.Dismissible
+	}
+	if req.StartsAt != nil {
+		params.StartsAt = sql.NullTime{Time: *req.StartsAt, Valid: true}
+	}
+	if req.EndsAt != nil {
+		params.EndsAt = sql.NullTime{Time: *req.EndsAt, Valid: true}
+	}
+	updated, err := q.UpdateBanner(c.Request.Context(), params)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to update banner")
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, toBannerJSON(updated))
+}
+
+func handleAdminDeleteBanner(c *gin.Context) {
+	id, ok := parseBannerID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	if err := bannerQueries(c).DeleteBanner(c.Request.Context(), id); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to delete banner")
+		return
+	}
+	c.Status(http.StatusNoContent)
+}

app/backend/internal/api/databases.go

@@ -2,8 +2,11 @@ package api
 
 import (
 	"archive/tar"
+	"containr/internal/database"
 	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+	"containr/internal/deployment"
 	"containr/internal/docker"
+	"containr/internal/secrets"
 	"context"
 	"crypto/rand"
 	"database/sql"
@@ -21,6 +24,8 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+
 	dockercontainer "github.com/docker/docker/api/types/container"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/mount"
 	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/network"
@@ -51,12 +56,32 @@ type DatabaseService struct {
 	Region         string               `json:"region" db:"region"`
 	BackupSchedule string               `json:"backup_schedule,omitempty"`
 	NextBackupAt   *time.Time           `json:"next_backup_at,omitempty"`
+	Provider       string               `json:"provider"` // managed | external
+	PublicPort     bool                 `json:"public_port" db:"public_port"`
+	BackupTargetID string               `json:"backup_target_id,omitempty"` // S3-compatible archive destination
+	External       *DatabaseExternalRef `json:"external,omitempty"`         // connection target for external DBs
 	CreatedAt      time.Time            `json:"created_at" db:"created_at"`
 	UpdatedAt      time.Time            `json:"updated_at" db:"updated_at"`
 	ConnectionURL  string               `json:"connection_url"`
 	Metrics        DatabaseMetrics      `json:"metrics"`
 	Backups        DatabaseBackupConfig `json:"backups"`
 	Settings       DatabaseSettings     `json:"settings"`
+
+	// externalPasswordEnc is the stored ciphertext — needed to compose the
+	// connection URL on privileged reads, never serialized.
+	externalPasswordEnc string `json:"-"`
+}
+
+// DatabaseExternalRef describes a registered external database's connection
+// target. The password is stored encrypted and never returned — has_password
+// signals presence.
+type DatabaseExternalRef struct {
+	Host        string `json:"host"`
+	Port        int    `json:"port"`
+	Database    string `json:"database"`
+	Username    string `json:"username"`
+	HasPassword bool   `json:"has_password"`
+	SSL         bool   `json:"ssl"`
 }
 
 // DatabaseMetrics represents database performance metrics
@@ -86,6 +111,7 @@ type DatabaseBackup struct {
 	CreatedAt time.Time `json:"created_at"`
 	Size      string    `json:"size"`
 	Status    string    `json:"status"` // completed, failed, in_progress
+	Remote    bool      `json:"remote"` // archive also exists on the configured backup target
 }
 
 // DatabaseSettings represents database configuration
@@ -98,10 +124,11 @@ type DatabaseSettings struct {
 
 // DatabaseCreateRequest represents a request to create a new database
 type DatabaseCreateRequest struct {
-	Name   string `json:"name" binding:"required"`
-	Type   string `json:"type" binding:"required"`
-	Plan   string `json:"plan" binding:"required,oneof=hobby starter standard business"`
-	Region string `json:"region" binding:"required"`
+	Name       string `json:"name" binding:"required"`
+	Type       string `json:"type" binding:"required"`
+	Plan       string `json:"plan" binding:"required,oneof=hobby starter standard business"`
+	Region     string `json:"region" binding:"required"`
+	PublicPort bool   `json:"public_port"`
 }
 
 // DatabaseUpdateRequest represents a request to update a database
@@ -109,6 +136,8 @@ type DatabaseUpdateRequest struct {
 	Name           string  `json:"name,omitempty"`
 	Plan           string  `json:"plan,omitempty"`
 	BackupSchedule *string `json:"backup_schedule,omitempty"`
+	PublicPort     *bool   `json:"public_port,omitempty"`
+	BackupTargetID *string `json:"backup_target_id,omitempty"` // empty string clears
 }
 
 // DatabaseActionRequest represents a request to perform database actions
@@ -272,10 +301,11 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) CreateDatabase(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 
 	databaseID, dbName, dbType, err := h.createManagedDatabase(c.Request.Context(), userID, managedDatabaseCreateRequest{
-		Name:   req.Name,
-		Type:   req.Type,
-		Plan:   req.Plan,
-		Region: req.Region,
+		Name:       req.Name,
+		Type:       req.Type,
+		Plan:       req.Plan,
+		Region:     req.Region,
+		PublicPort: req.PublicPort,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		switch {
@@ -303,7 +333,13 @@ type managedDatabaseCreateRequest struct {
 	Type             string
 	Plan             string
 	Region           string
+	PublicPort       bool
 	RuntimeVariables map[string]string
+	// ProjectID + NetworkAlias attach the container to a project network
+	// under Alias — set by graph-template deploys so sibling services can
+	// resolve the database by name.
+	ProjectID    string
+	NetworkAlias string
 }
 
 func (h *DatabaseHandler) createManagedDatabase(ctx context.Context, userID string, req managedDatabaseCreateRequest) (databaseID string, name string, dbType string, err error) {
@@ -345,17 +381,26 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) createManagedDatabase(ctx context.Context, userID stri
 	now := time.Now()
 	version := h.getDefaultVersion(dbType)
 
+	var projectID uuid.NullUUID
+	if req.ProjectID != "" {
+		if parsed, parseErr := uuid.Parse(req.ProjectID); parseErr == nil {
+			projectID = uuid.NullUUID{UUID: parsed, Valid: true}
+		}
+	}
+
 	err = h.queries.CreateDatabaseService(ctx, sqlcdb.CreateDatabaseServiceParams{
-		ID:        databaseID,
-		UserID:    userID,
-		Name:      name,
-		Type:      dbType,
-		Status:    "building",
-		Version:   version,
-		Plan:      plan,
-		Region:    region,
-		CreatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
-		UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
+		ID:         databaseID,
+		UserID:     userID,
+		Name:       name,
+		Type:       dbType,
+		Status:     "building",
+		Version:    version,
+		Plan:       plan,
+		Region:     region,
+		PublicPort: req.PublicPort,
+		ProjectID:  projectID,
+		CreatedAt:  sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
+		UpdatedAt:  sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
 	})
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", "", "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create database service: %w", err)
@@ -370,10 +415,17 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) createManagedDatabaseAndProvision(ctx context.Context,
 		return "", err
 	}
 
-	go h.provisionDatabaseWithVariables(databaseID, name, dbType, req.RuntimeVariables)
+	go h.provisionDatabaseWithVariables(databaseID, name, dbType, req.RuntimeVariables, dbNetworkAttach{ProjectID: req.ProjectID, Alias: req.NetworkAlias})
 	return databaseID, nil
 }
 
+// dbNetworkAttach carries the optional project-network membership for a
+// managed database provisioned by a graph template.
+type dbNetworkAttach struct {
+	ProjectID string
+	Alias     string
+}
+
 // UpdateDatabase updates a database service
 func (h *DatabaseHandler) UpdateDatabase(c *gin.Context) {
 	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
@@ -392,11 +444,64 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) UpdateDatabase(c *gin.Context) {
 	req.Name = strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
 	req.Plan = strings.TrimSpace(req.Plan)
 
-	if req.Name == "" && req.Plan == "" && req.BackupSchedule == nil {
+	if req.Name == "" && req.Plan == "" && req.BackupSchedule == nil && req.PublicPort == nil && req.BackupTargetID == nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "No fields to update"})
 		return
 	}
 
+	if req.PublicPort != nil || req.BackupTargetID != nil {
+		row, err := h.queries.GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUserParams{
+			ID:     databaseID,
+			UserID: userID,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Database not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
+			return
+		}
+		if req.PublicPort != nil {
+			if row.Provider == "external" {
+				c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "public_port applies to managed databases — external databases are already reachable", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+				return
+			}
+			if err := h.queries.SetDatabaseServicePublicPortByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.SetDatabaseServicePublicPortByIDAndUserParams{
+				PublicPort: *req.PublicPort,
+				UpdatedAt:  sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+				ID:         databaseID,
+				UserID:     userID,
+			}); err != nil {
+				c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to update public port"})
+				return
+			}
+			// Port bindings are baked into the container — recreate it so the
+			// new bind scope takes effect. The data volume survives.
+			if *req.PublicPort != row.PublicPort {
+				go h.reprovisionManagedDatabase(databaseID, row.Name, row.Type)
+			}
+		}
+		if req.BackupTargetID != nil {
+			if row.Provider == "external" {
+				c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "backup targets apply to managed databases — external backups are not supported yet", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+				return
+			}
+			targetID := strings.TrimSpace(*req.BackupTargetID)
+			if targetID != "" {
+				if _, err := h.queries.GetBackupTargetByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetBackupTargetByIDAndUserParams{ID: targetID, UserID: userID}); err != nil {
+					c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Backup target not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
+					return
+				}
+			}
+			if err := h.queries.SetDatabaseBackupTargetByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.SetDatabaseBackupTargetByIDAndUserParams{
+				BackupTargetID: sql.NullString{String: targetID, Valid: targetID != ""},
+				UpdatedAt:      sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+				ID:             databaseID,
+				UserID:         userID,
+			}); err != nil {
+				c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to update backup target"})
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	if req.BackupSchedule != nil {
 		var schedule sql.NullString
 		var nextBackup sql.NullTime
@@ -467,21 +572,20 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) DeleteDatabase(c *gin.Context) {
 	databaseID := c.Param("id")
 	userID = h.effectiveUserID(c, userID, databaseID)
 
-	exists, err := h.queries.DatabaseServiceExistsByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.DatabaseServiceExistsByIDAndUserParams{
+	row, err := h.queries.GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUserParams{
 		ID:     databaseID,
 		UserID: userID,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Database not found"})
+			return
+		}
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to check database"})
 		return
 	}
 
-	if !exists {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Database not found"})
-		return
-	}
-
-	if h.dockerClient != nil {
+	if row.Provider != "external" && h.dockerClient != nil {
 		if err := h.deleteManagedDatabaseRuntime(databaseID); err != nil {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to delete runtime database"})
 			return
@@ -515,17 +619,24 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) PerformDatabaseAction(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	exists, err := h.queries.DatabaseServiceExistsByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.DatabaseServiceExistsByIDAndUserParams{
+	row, err := h.queries.GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUserParams{
 		ID:     databaseID,
 		UserID: userID,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Database not found"})
+			return
+		}
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to check database"})
 		return
 	}
 
-	if !exists {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Database not found"})
+	if row.Provider == "external" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"error": "Lifecycle actions apply to managed databases only — external databases are run elsewhere",
+			"code":  "VALIDATION",
+		})
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -619,6 +730,13 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) CreateBackup(c *gin.Context) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": "Database is still provisioning"})
 		return
 	}
+	if row.Provider == "external" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"error": "Backups run against the managed dump pipeline — external database backups are not supported yet",
+			"code":  "VALIDATION",
+		})
+		return
+	}
 
 	backupID := generateDatabaseBackupID(databaseID)
 	archivePath := sanitizeBackupArchivePath(managedDatabaseBackupArchivePath(backupID))
@@ -659,17 +777,23 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) RestoreBackup(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	exists, err := h.queries.DatabaseServiceExistsByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.DatabaseServiceExistsByIDAndUserParams{
+	dbRow, err := h.queries.GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUserParams{
 		ID:     databaseID,
 		UserID: userID,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Database not found"})
+			return
+		}
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to check database"})
 		return
 	}
-
-	if !exists {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Database not found"})
+	if dbRow.Provider == "external" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"error": "Restores run against the managed dump pipeline — external database restores are not supported yet",
+			"code":  "VALIDATION",
+		})
 		return
 	}
 
@@ -787,7 +911,7 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) DownloadBackup(c *gin.Context) {
 }
 
 func (h *DatabaseHandler) resolveDatabaseMetrics(ctx context.Context, db DatabaseService) DatabaseMetrics {
-	if h.dockerClient == nil {
+	if h.dockerClient == nil || db.Provider == "external" {
 		return h.generateMockMetrics()
 	}
 
@@ -918,6 +1042,7 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) resolveBackupConfig(ctx context.Context, userID string
 			CreatedAt: createdAt,
 			Size:      row.Size,
 			Status:    row.Status,
+			Remote:    row.RemoteKey.Valid && row.RemoteKey.String != "",
 		})
 		if lastBackup == nil && row.Status == "completed" {
 			t := createdAt
@@ -945,7 +1070,11 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) generateMockSettings() DatabaseSettings {
 
 // resolveConnectionURL returns the stored connection URL for privileged
 // viewers, or "" when the runtime has not produced one (not provisioned yet).
+// External databases compose it from the registered fields on demand.
 func (h *DatabaseHandler) resolveConnectionURL(db DatabaseService) string {
+	if db.Provider == "external" && db.External != nil {
+		return externalConnectionURL(db.Type, db.External, secrets.Decrypt(db.externalPasswordEnc))
+	}
 	return strings.TrimSpace(db.ConnectionURL)
 }
 
@@ -987,7 +1116,7 @@ func rewriteLoopbackURL(rawURL, host string) string {
 }
 
 func (h *DatabaseHandler) reconcileManagedDatabaseState(ctx context.Context, db DatabaseService) DatabaseService {
-	if h.dockerClient == nil {
+	if h.dockerClient == nil || db.Provider == "external" {
 		return db
 	}
 
@@ -1054,7 +1183,7 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) resolveManagedRuntimeStatus(ctx context.Context, db Da
 }
 
 func mapDatabaseServiceRow(row sqlcdb.DatabaseService) DatabaseService {
-	return DatabaseService{
+	svc := DatabaseService{
 		ID:             row.ID,
 		OwnerID:        row.UserID,
 		Name:           row.Name,
@@ -1065,10 +1194,25 @@ func mapDatabaseServiceRow(row sqlcdb.DatabaseService) DatabaseService {
 		Region:         row.Region,
 		BackupSchedule: databaseNullString(row.BackupSchedule),
 		NextBackupAt:   databaseNullTimePtr(row.NextBackupAt),
+		Provider:       row.Provider,
+		PublicPort:     row.PublicPort,
+		BackupTargetID: databaseNullString(row.BackupTargetID),
 		ConnectionURL:  databaseNullString(row.ConnectionUrl),
 		CreatedAt:      databaseNullTime(row.CreatedAt),
 		UpdatedAt:      databaseNullTime(row.UpdatedAt),
 	}
+	if svc.Provider == "external" {
+		svc.External = &DatabaseExternalRef{
+			Host:        databaseNullString(row.ExternalHost),
+			Port:        int(row.ExternalPort.Int32),
+			Database:    databaseNullString(row.ExternalName),
+			Username:    databaseNullString(row.ExternalUsername),
+			HasPassword: row.ExternalPassword != "",
+			SSL:         row.ExternalSsl,
+		}
+		svc.externalPasswordEnc = row.ExternalPassword
+	}
+	return svc
 }
 
 func databaseNullTime(value sql.NullTime) time.Time {
@@ -1230,10 +1374,21 @@ type databaseRuntimePlan struct {
 }
 
 func (h *DatabaseHandler) provisionDatabase(databaseID, databaseName, dbType string) {
-	h.provisionDatabaseWithVariables(databaseID, databaseName, dbType, nil)
+	h.provisionDatabaseWithVariables(databaseID, databaseName, dbType, nil, dbNetworkAttach{})
 }
 
-func (h *DatabaseHandler) provisionDatabaseWithVariables(databaseID, databaseName, dbType string, runtimeVariables map[string]string) {
+// reprovisionManagedDatabase recreates a managed container so changed
+// runtime settings (public_port) take effect. The data volume persists.
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) reprovisionManagedDatabase(databaseID, databaseName, dbType string) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Minute)
+	defer cancel()
+	if h.dockerClient != nil {
+		_ = h.dockerClient.RemoveContainer(ctx, managedDatabaseContainerName(databaseID), true)
+	}
+	h.provisionDatabase(databaseID, databaseName, dbType)
+}
+
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) provisionDatabaseWithVariables(databaseID, databaseName, dbType string, runtimeVariables map[string]string, attach dbNetworkAttach) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Minute)
 	defer cancel()
 
@@ -1242,7 +1397,7 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) provisionDatabaseWithVariables(databaseID, databaseNam
 		return
 	}
 
-	connectionURL, err := h.provisionDatabaseRuntime(ctx, databaseID, databaseName, dbType, runtimeVariables)
+	connectionURL, err := h.provisionDatabaseRuntime(ctx, databaseID, databaseName, dbType, runtimeVariables, attach)
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Printf("containr: managed database %s (%s) provisioning failed: %v", databaseID, dbType, err)
 		_ = h.setDatabaseStatusAndConnection(databaseID, "error", sql.NullString{})
@@ -1264,7 +1419,7 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) setDatabaseStatusAndConnection(databaseID, status stri
 	})
 }
 
-func (h *DatabaseHandler) provisionDatabaseRuntime(ctx context.Context, databaseID, databaseName, dbType string, runtimeVariables map[string]string) (string, error) {
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) provisionDatabaseRuntime(ctx context.Context, databaseID, databaseName, dbType string, runtimeVariables map[string]string, attach dbNetworkAttach) (string, error) {
 	plan, err := buildDatabaseRuntimePlan(dbType, databaseName, runtimeVariables)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
@@ -1289,8 +1444,12 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) provisionDatabaseRuntime(ctx context.Context, database
 		}
 	}
 
+	hostIP := "127.0.0.1"
+	if row, err := h.queries.GetDatabaseServiceByID(ctx, databaseID); err == nil && row.PublicPort {
+		hostIP = "0.0.0.0"
+	}
 	portBindings := nat.PortMap{
-		plan.Port: []nat.PortBinding{{HostIP: "127.0.0.1", HostPort: ""}},
+		plan.Port: []nat.PortBinding{{HostIP: hostIP, HostPort: ""}},
 	}
 
 	exposedPorts := nat.PortSet{plan.Port: struct{}{}}
@@ -1348,6 +1507,17 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) provisionDatabaseRuntime(ctx context.Context, database
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to start container: %w", err)
 	}
 
+	// Graph-template deploys attach the database to the project network so
+	// sibling services resolve it by alias ({{service.<key>.host}}).
+	if attach.ProjectID != "" && attach.Alias != "" {
+		projectNet := deployment.ProjectNetworkName(attach.ProjectID)
+		if err := h.dockerClient.ConnectNetwork(ctx, projectNet, containerID, network.EndpointSettings{
+			Aliases: []string{attach.Alias},
+		}); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("containr: database %s attach to %s failed: %v", databaseID, projectNet, err)
+		}
+	}
+
 	hostPort, err := h.resolvePublishedHostPort(ctx, containerID, plan.Port)
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
@@ -1699,20 +1869,36 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) createBackupProcess(databaseID, backupID, backupPath s
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 20*time.Minute)
 	defer cancel()
 
+	notify := func(title, body string) {
+		if row, err := h.queries.GetDatabaseServiceByID(context.Background(), databaseID); err == nil && row.UserID != "" {
+			insertUserNotification(&database.DB{DB: h.db}, row.UserID, "backup", title, body, "database", databaseID)
+		}
+	}
+
 	if h.dockerClient == nil {
 		_ = h.setDatabaseBackupStatus(backupID, "failed", "0 B", false)
+		notify("Database backup failed", "Backup could not start: docker unavailable.")
 		return
 	}
 
 	sizeLabel, err := h.snapshotDatabaseVolume(ctx, databaseID, backupPath)
 	if err != nil {
 		_ = h.setDatabaseBackupStatus(backupID, "failed", "0 B", false)
+		notify("Database backup failed", fmt.Sprintf("Snapshot failed: %v", err))
 		return
 	}
+	if dbRow, err := h.queries.GetDatabaseServiceByID(ctx, databaseID); err == nil {
+		if key, err := h.uploadBackupToTarget(ctx, dbRow, backupPath, backupID); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("containr: backup %s remote upload failed: %v (local archive kept)", backupID, err)
+		} else if key != "" {
+			log.Printf("containr: backup %s shipped to %s", backupID, key)
+		}
+	}
 	_ = h.setDatabaseBackupStatus(backupID, "completed", sizeLabel, true)
+	notify("Database backup completed", fmt.Sprintf("Backup archived (%s).", sizeLabel))
 }
 
-func (h *DatabaseHandler) restoreBackupProcess(databaseID, _ string, backupPath string) {
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) restoreBackupProcess(databaseID, backupID string, backupPath string) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 20*time.Minute)
 	defer cancel()
 
@@ -1721,6 +1907,22 @@ func (h *DatabaseHandler) restoreBackupProcess(databaseID, _ string, backupPath
 		return
 	}
 
+	// Restore the archive from the configured S3 target when the local copy
+	// is gone (fresh node, pruned volume) — local takes precedence.
+	if dbRow, err := h.queries.GetDatabaseServiceByID(ctx, databaseID); err == nil && dbRow.BackupTargetID.Valid && dbRow.BackupTargetID.String != "" {
+		if ok, _ := h.backupArchiveExists(ctx, backupPath); !ok {
+			if b, err := h.queries.GetDatabaseBackupByIDAndDatabaseAndUser(ctx, sqlcdb.GetDatabaseBackupByIDAndDatabaseAndUserParams{
+				ID: backupID, DatabaseID: databaseID, UserID: dbRow.UserID,
+			}); err == nil && b.RemoteKey.Valid && b.RemoteKey.String != "" {
+				if err := h.downloadBackupToVolume(ctx, dbRow, b.RemoteKey.String, backupPath); err != nil {
+					log.Printf("containr: remote restore fetch failed for backup %s: %v", backupID, err)
+					_ = h.setDatabaseStatus(databaseID, "error")
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	_ = h.setDatabaseStatus(databaseID, "building")
 	_ = h.stopManagedDatabase(databaseID)
 

app/backend/internal/api/dbexternal.go

@@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"database/sql"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+	"containr/internal/secrets"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/go-redis/redis/v8"
+)
+
+// externalDatabaseRequest is the shared payload for registering an external
+// database and for ad-hoc connection tests.
+type externalDatabaseRequest struct {
+	Name     string `json:"name"`
+	Type     string `json:"type" binding:"required"`
+	Host     string `json:"host" binding:"required"`
+	Port     int    `json:"port"`
+	Database string `json:"database"`
+	Username string `json:"username"`
+	Password string `json:"password"`
+	SSL      bool   `json:"ssl"`
+}
+
+var externalDefaultPorts = map[string]int{
+	"postgresql": 5432,
+	"mysql":      3306,
+	"mariadb":    3306,
+	"mongodb":    27017,
+	"redis":      6379,
+	"dragonfly":  6379,
+	"clickhouse": 9000,
+}
+
+// externalConnectionURL composes a DSN for display/bind use. The password is
+// embedded only on privileged reads — the value is decrypted at that point.
+func externalConnectionURL(dbType string, ext *DatabaseExternalRef, password string) string {
+	host := net.JoinHostPort(ext.Host, fmt.Sprintf("%d", ext.Port))
+	creds := ""
+	if ext.Username != "" {
+		creds = url.QueryEscape(ext.Username)
+		if password != "" {
+			creds += ":" + url.QueryEscape(password)
+		}
+		creds += "@"
+	}
+	switch dbType {
+	case "postgresql":
+		u := fmt.Sprintf("postgres://%s%s/%s", creds, host, ext.Database)
+		if ext.SSL {
+			u += "?sslmode=require"
+		}
+		return u
+	case "mysql", "mariadb":
+		return fmt.Sprintf("mysql://%s%s/%s", creds, host, ext.Database)
+	case "mongodb":
+		u := fmt.Sprintf("mongodb://%s%s/%s", creds, host, ext.Database)
+		if ext.SSL {
+			u += "?tls=true"
+		}
+		return u
+	case "redis", "dragonfly":
+		scheme := "redis"
+		if ext.SSL {
+			scheme = "rediss"
+		}
+		// Redis auth is password-only; username support is ACL-era.
+		if password != "" {
+			creds = ":" + url.QueryEscape(password) + "@"
+			if ext.Username != "" {
+				creds = url.QueryEscape(ext.Username) + creds
+			}
+		}
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s://%s%s", scheme, creds, host)
+	case "clickhouse":
+		return fmt.Sprintf("clickhouse://%s%s/%s", creds, host, ext.Database)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s://%s%s", dbType, creds, host)
+}
+
+// probeExternalDatabase verifies reachability. postgres and redis-family get
+// real protocol checks via the vendored drivers; everything else gets a TCP
+// dial — enough to catch typos and firewall issues without new dependencies.
+func probeExternalDatabase(ctx context.Context, req externalDatabaseRequest) (time.Duration, error) {
+	addr := net.JoinHostPort(req.Host, fmt.Sprintf("%d", req.Port))
+	dialer := &net.Dialer{Timeout: 5 * time.Second}
+	start := time.Now()
+
+	switch req.Type {
+	case "postgresql":
+		sslmode := "disable"
+		if req.SSL {
+			sslmode = "require"
+		}
+		dsn := fmt.Sprintf("postgres://%s:%s@%s/%s?sslmode=%s&connect_timeout=5",
+			url.QueryEscape(req.Username), url.QueryEscape(req.Password), addr,
+			url.QueryEscape(req.Database), sslmode)
+		conn, err := sql.Open("postgres", dsn)
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		defer conn.Close()
+		if err := conn.PingContext(ctx); err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+	case "redis", "dragonfly":
+		client := redis.NewClient(&redis.Options{
+			Addr:        addr,
+			Username:    req.Username,
+			Password:    req.Password,
+			DialTimeout: 5 * time.Second,
+			ReadTimeout: 5 * time.Second,
+			TLSConfig:   redisTLSConfig(req.SSL, req.Host),
+		})
+		defer client.Close()
+		if err := client.Ping(ctx).Err(); err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+	default:
+		conn, err := dialer.DialContext(ctx, "tcp", addr)
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		conn.Close()
+	}
+	return time.Since(start), nil
+}
+
+func redisTLSConfig(enabled bool, host string) *tls.Config {
+	if !enabled {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return &tls.Config{ServerName: host, MinVersion: tls.VersionTLS12}
+}
+
+// handleTestDatabaseConnection probes arbitrary connection parameters — used
+// by the register form's "test" button and by agents before registering.
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) TestDatabaseConnection(c *gin.Context) {
+	if _, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c); !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	var req externalDatabaseRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	if err := normalizeExternalRequest(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(c.Request.Context(), 10*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	latency, err := probeExternalDatabase(ctx, req)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"ok": false, "error": err.Error()})
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"ok": true, "latency_ms": latency.Milliseconds()})
+}
+
+// TestDatabaseConnectionByID re-probes a registered external database using
+// its stored (decrypted) credentials.
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) TestDatabaseConnectionByID(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	databaseID := c.Param("id")
+	userID = h.effectiveUserID(c, userID, databaseID)
+
+	row, err := h.queries.GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetDatabaseServiceByIDAndUserParams{
+		ID:     databaseID,
+		UserID: userID,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Database not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
+			return
+		}
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to fetch database"})
+		return
+	}
+	if row.Provider != "external" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "test-connection applies to external databases", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	req := externalDatabaseRequest{
+		Type:     row.Type,
+		Host:     databaseNullString(row.ExternalHost),
+		Port:     int(row.ExternalPort.Int32),
+		Database: databaseNullString(row.ExternalName),
+		Username: databaseNullString(row.ExternalUsername),
+		Password: secrets.Decrypt(row.ExternalPassword),
+		SSL:      row.ExternalSsl,
+	}
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(c.Request.Context(), 10*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	latency, probeErr := probeExternalDatabase(ctx, req)
+	if probeErr != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"ok": false, "error": probeErr.Error()})
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"ok": true, "latency_ms": latency.Milliseconds()})
+}
+
+func normalizeExternalRequest(req *externalDatabaseRequest) error {
+	req.Type = normalizeDatabaseType(req.Type)
+	if _, ok := supportedDatabaseTypes[req.Type]; !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%w: %s", errUnsupportedDatabaseType, req.Type)
+	}
+	req.Host = strings.TrimSpace(req.Host)
+	if req.Host == "" {
+		return errors.New("host is required")
+	}
+	if req.Port <= 0 {
+		req.Port = externalDefaultPorts[req.Type]
+	}
+	if req.Port <= 0 || req.Port > 65535 {
+		return errors.New("port must be 1-65535")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// RegisterExternalDatabase records a database hosted elsewhere — same list,
+// same bind surface, no container. The connection is probed first so typos
+// fail at registration, not at the first service bind.
+func (h *DatabaseHandler) RegisterExternalDatabase(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	var req externalDatabaseRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	req.Name = strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
+	if req.Name == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "name is required", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	if err := normalizeExternalRequest(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	probeCtx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(c.Request.Context(), 10*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	if _, err := probeExternalDatabase(probeCtx, req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{
+			"error": fmt.Sprintf("Connection check failed: %v", err),
+			"code":  "DEPENDENCY_UNAVAILABLE",
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	count, err := h.queries.CountDatabaseServicesByUserAndName(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.CountDatabaseServicesByUserAndNameParams{
+		UserID: userID,
+		Name:   req.Name,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to validate database name"})
+		return
+	}
+	if count > 0 {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": "database name already exists", "code": "CONFLICT"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	databaseID := generateDatabaseID(req.Name)
+	now := sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true}
+	encPassword := ""
+	if req.Password != "" {
+		encPassword = secrets.Encrypt(req.Password)
+	}
+	if err := h.queries.CreateExternalDatabaseService(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.CreateExternalDatabaseServiceParams{
+		ID:               databaseID,
+		UserID:           userID,
+		Name:             req.Name,
+		Type:             req.Type,
+		Version:          "",
+		Plan:             "external",
+		Region:           "external",
+		ExternalHost:     sql.NullString{String: req.Host, Valid: true},
+		ExternalPort:     sql.NullInt32{Int32: int32(req.Port), Valid: true},
+		ExternalName:     sql.NullString{String: req.Database, Valid: req.Database != ""},
+		ExternalUsername: sql.NullString{String: req.Username, Valid: req.Username != ""},
+		ExternalPassword: encPassword,
+		ExternalSsl:      req.SSL,
+		CreatedAt:        now,
+		UpdatedAt:        now,
+	}); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to register database"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	LogAudit(userID, "database", databaseID, "register-external", map[string]interface{}{
+		"name": req.Name,
+		"type": req.Type,
+		"host": req.Host,
+	})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{
+		"id":      databaseID,
+		"message": "External database registered",
+		"status":  "running",
+	})
+}

app/backend/internal/api/dbexternal_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestNormalizeExternalRequestDefaults(t *testing.T) {
+	req := externalDatabaseRequest{Type: "PostgreSQL", Host: " db.example.com ", Port: 0}
+	if err := normalizeExternalRequest(&req); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("normalize failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	if req.Type != "postgresql" {
+		t.Fatalf("type not normalized: %q", req.Type)
+	}
+	if req.Host != "db.example.com" {
+		t.Fatalf("host not trimmed: %q", req.Host)
+	}
+	if req.Port != 5432 {
+		t.Fatalf("default port = %d, want 5432", req.Port)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNormalizeExternalRequestRejects(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []externalDatabaseRequest{
+		{Type: "sqlite", Host: "x"},                  // unsupported type
+		{Type: "postgresql", Host: "  "},             // empty host
+		{Type: "postgresql", Host: "h", Port: 70000}, // out of range
+	}
+	for i, req := range cases {
+		if err := normalizeExternalRequest(&req); err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("case %d: expected error", i)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExternalConnectionURLMasking(t *testing.T) {
+	ext := &DatabaseExternalRef{
+		Host:     "db.example.com",
+		Port:     5432,
+		Database: "appdb",
+		Username: "svc",
+		SSL:      true,
+	}
+	u := externalConnectionURL("postgresql", ext, "s3cret")
+	if u != "postgres://svc:[email protected]:5432/appdb?sslmode=require" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected pg url: %s", u)
+	}
+	u = externalConnectionURL("postgresql", ext, "")
+	if u != "postgres://[email protected]:5432/appdb?sslmode=require" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected passwordless url: %s", u)
+	}
+
+	r := &DatabaseExternalRef{Host: "cache.internal", Port: 6379, SSL: true}
+	u = externalConnectionURL("redis", r, "pw")
+	if u != "rediss://:[email protected]:6379" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected redis url: %s", u)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestProbeExternalDatabaseTCP(t *testing.T) {
+	ln, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("listen: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer ln.Close()
+	port := ln.Addr().(*net.TCPAddr).Port
+
+	// TCP fallback path — mysql uses a plain dial.
+	latency, err := probeExternalDatabase(context.Background(), externalDatabaseRequest{
+		Type: "mysql", Host: "127.0.0.1", Port: port,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("probe should succeed against open listener: %v", err)
+	}
+	if latency <= 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("latency not recorded")
+	}
+
+	// Closed port must fail fast.
+	if _, err := probeExternalDatabase(context.Background(), externalDatabaseRequest{
+		Type: "mysql", Host: "127.0.0.1", Port: 1,
+	}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("probe should fail against closed port")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRedisTLSConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	if redisTLSConfig(false, "h") != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("disabled ssl must produce nil tls config")
+	}
+	cfg := redisTLSConfig(true, "db.example.com")
+	if cfg == nil || cfg.ServerName != "db.example.com" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected ServerName passthrough, got %+v", cfg)
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/deployments.go

@@ -3,10 +3,13 @@ package api
 import (
 	"containr/internal/database"
 	"containr/internal/deployment"
+	"containr/internal/deployqueue"
+	"containr/internal/docker"
 	"context"
+	"errors"
 	"fmt"
+	"log/slog"
 	"net/http"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -35,6 +38,7 @@ type CreateDeploymentRequest struct {
 	Branch     string            `json:"branch"`
 	Trigger    string            `json:"trigger"`
 	EnvVars    map[string]string `json:"env_vars"`
+	NoCache    bool              `json:"no_cache"`
 }
 
 type DeploymentResponse struct {
@@ -74,14 +78,21 @@ func handleGetDeployments(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	offset, limit := pageWindow(c, 50, 100)
+
+	var total int
+	_ = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
+		`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM deployments WHERE service_id = $1`, serviceID,
+	).Scan(&total)
+
 	rows, err := db.(*database.DB).Query(
 		`SELECT id, service_id, commit_hash, status, image_name, image_tag,
 		        build_log, runtime_log, error, started_at, completed_at, created_at, updated_at
 		 FROM deployments
 		 WHERE service_id = $1
 		 ORDER BY created_at DESC
-		 LIMIT 50`,
-		serviceID,
+		 LIMIT $2 OFFSET $3`,
+		serviceID, limit, offset,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to retrieve deployments"})
@@ -104,7 +115,10 @@ func handleGetDeployments(c *gin.Context) {
 		deployments = append(deployments, d)
 	}
 
-	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"deployments": deployments})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"deployments": deployments,
+		"pagination":  paginationMeta(offset, limit, total),
+	})
 }
 
 // RecentDeployment is a deployment row joined with its service and project names.
@@ -132,11 +146,19 @@ func handleGetRecentDeployments(c *gin.Context) {
 	userID := optionalUserUUID(c)
 	isAdmin := contextIsAdmin(c)
 
-	limit := 10
-	if v := c.Query("limit"); v != "" {
-		if n, err := strconv.Atoi(v); err == nil && n > 0 && n <= 50 {
-			limit = n
-		}
+	offset, limit := pageWindow(c, 10, 50)
+
+	var total int
+	if err := db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
+		`SELECT COUNT(*)
+		 FROM deployments d
+		 JOIN services s ON s.id = d.service_id
+		 JOIN projects p ON p.id = s.project_id
+		 WHERE p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1 OR $2::bool
+		    OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1)`,
+		userID, isAdmin,
+	).Scan(&total); err != nil {
+		total = 0
 	}
 
 	rows, err := db.(*database.DB).Query(
@@ -148,8 +170,8 @@ func handleGetRecentDeployments(c *gin.Context) {
 		 WHERE p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1 OR $2::bool
 		    OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1)
 		 ORDER BY d.created_at DESC
-		 LIMIT $3`,
-		userID, isAdmin, limit,
+		 LIMIT $3 OFFSET $4`,
+		userID, isAdmin, limit, offset,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to retrieve deployments"})
@@ -168,7 +190,10 @@ func handleGetRecentDeployments(c *gin.Context) {
 		deployments = append(deployments, d)
 	}
 
-	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"deployments": deployments})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"deployments": deployments,
+		"pagination":  paginationMeta(offset, limit, total),
+	})
 }
 
 func handleCreateDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
@@ -209,6 +234,9 @@ func handleCreateDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 		        COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
 		        COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
 		        COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
+		        COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
 		        s.created_at, s.updated_at, p.owner_id
 		 FROM services s
 		 JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
@@ -219,7 +247,9 @@ func handleCreateDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 		&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
 		&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
 		&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt, &projectOwner,
+		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
+		&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
+		&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt, &projectOwner,
 	)
 
 	if err != nil {
@@ -289,7 +319,23 @@ func handleCreateDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 		}
 
 		engineInstance := engine.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine)
-		go runDeploymentAndSync(context.Background(), db.(*database.DB), engineInstance, &d, service, req, userID.(string))
+		pos := getDeployQueue(c).Enqueue(serviceID, deployqueue.Job{
+			DeploymentID: d.ID,
+			Run: func(jctx context.Context) {
+				runDeploymentAndSync(jctx, db.(*database.DB), engineInstance, &d, service, req, userID.(string))
+			},
+		})
+		if pos > 0 {
+			d.Status = "queued"
+			_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+				`UPDATE deployments SET status = 'queued', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
+				time.Now(), d.ID,
+			)
+			_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+				`UPDATE services SET status = 'queued', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
+				time.Now(), serviceID,
+			)
+		}
 	}
 
 	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, DeploymentResponse{
@@ -362,6 +408,34 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 	// ephemeral ports.
 	_ = db.QueryRow(`SELECT published_port FROM services WHERE id = $1`, service.ID).Scan(&publishedPort)
 
+	publicPort := int32(service.Port)
+	if service.Builder == "static" && publicPort == 0 {
+		// The static builder's image is nginx — route to its default port
+		// unless the user picked another.
+		publicPort = 80
+	}
+
+	maintenanceMode, basicAuthUsers := serviceAccess(db, service.ID)
+	maintURL := ""
+	if maintenanceMode {
+		maintURL = maintenanceURL(db)
+	}
+
+	// Node-pinned services dispatch to the agent's command queue. Builds run
+	// on the local host, so remote placement only works for registry-pulled
+	// images — git-sourced and rollback deploys fail fast with that message.
+	nodeID := serviceNodeID(db, service.ID)
+	spread := serviceSpread(db, service.ID)
+	if (nodeID != "" || spread) && (service.GitRepo != "" || imageOverride != "") {
+		failedAt := time.Now()
+		msg := "service uses remote node placement but remote nodes only run registry-pulled images (git builds and rollbacks stay local — build-on-node is not yet supported)"
+		_, _ = db.Exec(
+			`UPDATE deployments SET status = 'failed', error = $1, completed_at = $2, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`,
+			msg, failedAt, dbDeployment.ID,
+		)
+		return
+	}
+
 	deployReq := &deployment.DeploymentRequest{
 		ProjectID:   service.ProjectID.String(),
 		ServiceID:   service.ID.String(),
@@ -372,15 +446,24 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 			Command:       command,
 			Environment:   env,
 			Replicas:      replicas,
-			PublicPort:    int32(service.Port),
+			PublicPort:    publicPort,
 			PublishedPort: publishedPort,
 			Domain:        service.Domain,
 			HealthPath:    service.HealthCheckPath,
 			RestartPolicy: service.RestartPolicy,
+			VolumeMounts:  loadServiceVolumes(db, service.ID),
+			Domains:       serviceDomainNames(db, service.ID, service.Domain),
 			Resources: deployment.ResourceLimits{
-				MemoryBytes: parseMemoryLimit(service.Memory),
-				CPUQuota:    parseCPULimit(service.CPU),
+				MemoryBytes:       parseMemoryLimit(service.Memory),
+				MemoryReservation: parseMemoryLimit(service.MemoryReserve),
+				CPUQuota:          parseCPULimit(service.CPU),
+				CPUShares:         parseCPUReserveShares(service.CPUReserve),
 			},
+			Maintenance:    maintenanceMode,
+			MaintenanceURL: maintURL,
+			BasicAuthUsers: basicAuthUsers,
+			NodeID:         nodeID,
+			Spread:         spread,
 		},
 		Trigger: deployment.TriggerConfig{
 			Type:      req.Trigger,
@@ -390,24 +473,50 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 		},
 	}
 
-	if imageOverride != "" {
-		deployReq.BuildConfig = &deployment.BuildConfig{
-			BuildType:     "prebuilt",
-			PrebuiltImage: imageOverride,
+	if imageOverride != "" || service.GitRepo == "" {
+		// Prebuilt image deploy (rollback, redeploy, or image-sourced
+		// service): resolve private-registry credentials by image host.
+		image := imageOverride
+		if image == "" {
+			image = service.Image
 		}
-	} else if service.GitRepo == "" {
-		// Image-sourced service: pull the image instead of building.
+		var ownerID string
+		_ = db.QueryRow(`SELECT owner_id FROM projects WHERE id = $1`, service.ProjectID).Scan(&ownerID)
+		auth := registryAuthFor(db, ownerID, image)
 		deployReq.BuildConfig = &deployment.BuildConfig{
 			BuildType:     "prebuilt",
-			PrebuiltImage: service.Image,
+			PrebuiltImage: image,
+			PullUsername:  auth.Username,
+			PullPassword:  auth.Password,
 		}
 	} else {
+		// "auto" leaves BuildType empty so the manager detects it; the static
+		// builder additionally feeds its generated Dockerfile the service's
+		// build command and output dir.
+		buildType := ""
+		if service.Builder != "" && service.Builder != "auto" {
+			buildType = service.Builder
+		}
 		deployReq.BuildConfig = &deployment.BuildConfig{
-			BuildType:  "nixpacks",
+			BuildType:  buildType,
 			SourcePath: sourcePath,
 			Branch:     req.Branch,
 			Commit:     req.CommitHash,
+			NoCache:    req.NoCache,
 		}
+		if buildType == "static" {
+			deployReq.BuildConfig.BuildCommand = firstNonEmpty(service.StaticBuildCmd, "npm ci && npm run build")
+			deployReq.BuildConfig.BuildArgs = map[string]string{"STATIC_DIR": firstNonEmpty(service.StaticDir, "dist")}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if msg := capacityCheck(parentCtx, db, engine.DockerClient(), service, replicas); msg != "" {
+		failedAt := time.Now()
+		_, _ = db.Exec(
+			`UPDATE deployments SET status = 'failed', error = $1, completed_at = $2, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`,
+			msg, failedAt, dbDeployment.ID,
+		)
+		return
 	}
 
 	engineDeployment, err := engine.Deploy(ctx, deployReq)
@@ -434,16 +543,19 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 		select {
 		case <-ctx.Done():
 			failedAt := time.Now()
-			timeoutErr := "Deployment timed out before completion"
+			finalStatus, finalErr := "failed", "Deployment timed out before completion"
+			if errors.Is(ctx.Err(), context.Canceled) {
+				finalStatus, finalErr = "cancelled", "Deployment cancelled"
+			}
 			_, _ = db.Exec(
 				`UPDATE deployments
-				 SET status = 'failed', error = $1, completed_at = $2, updated_at = $2
-				 WHERE id = $3`,
-				timeoutErr, failedAt, dbDeployment.ID,
+				 SET status = $1, error = $2, completed_at = $3, updated_at = $3
+				 WHERE id = $4`,
+				finalStatus, finalErr, failedAt, dbDeployment.ID,
 			)
 			_, _ = db.Exec(
-				`UPDATE services SET status = 'failed', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
-				failedAt, service.ID,
+				`UPDATE services SET status = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`,
+				finalStatus, failedAt, service.ID,
 			)
 			return
 		case <-syncTicker.C:
@@ -510,13 +622,86 @@ func runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(
 }
 
 func mapEngineStatusToDBStatus(status string) string {
-	switch status {
-	case "running":
+	if status == "running" {
 		return "deployed"
-	case "cancelled":
-		return "failed"
+	}
+	return status
+}
+
+// getDeployQueue returns the per-service deploy queue. SetupRoutes always
+// sets it; the fallback keeps handler tests that skip SetupRoutes working.
+func getDeployQueue(c *gin.Context) *deployqueue.Queue {
+	if v, exists := c.Get("deploy_queue"); exists {
+		if q, ok := v.(*deployqueue.Queue); ok && q != nil {
+			return q
+		}
+	}
+	return deployqueue.New()
+}
+
+// handleCancelDeployment cancels a queued or in-flight deployment. Queued
+// jobs are dropped and marked cancelled immediately; active jobs get their
+// context cancelled so the build/reconcile aborts and the sync loop writes
+// the terminal 'cancelled' status.
+func handleCancelDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Database connection not available", "code": "DEPENDENCY_UNAVAILABLE"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	deploymentID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "Invalid deployment ID", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	userID, exists := c.Get("user_id")
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"error": "User not authenticated", "code": "UNAUTHENTICATED"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var status, owner string
+	var serviceID uuid.UUID
+	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
+		`SELECT d.status, d.service_id, p.owner_id
+		 FROM deployments d
+		 JOIN services s ON d.service_id = s.id
+		 JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+		 WHERE d.id = $1`,
+		deploymentID,
+	).Scan(&status, &serviceID, &owner)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Deployment not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
+		return
+	}
+	if owner != userID.(string) && !contextIsAdmin(c) {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied", "code": "FORBIDDEN"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	switch status {
+	case "deployed", "failed", "cancelled":
+		c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": "Deployment already finished", "code": "NOT_CANCELLABLE"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	switch getDeployQueue(c).Cancel(serviceID, deploymentID) {
+	case deployqueue.WasQueued:
+		now := time.Now()
+		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+			`UPDATE deployments SET status = 'cancelled', error = 'Deployment cancelled', completed_at = $1, updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
+			now, deploymentID,
+		)
+		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+			`UPDATE services SET status = 'cancelled', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
+			now, serviceID,
+		)
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": "cancelled"})
+	case deployqueue.WasActive:
+		c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{"status": "cancelling"})
 	default:
-		return status
+		c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": "Deployment is not running on this node", "code": "NOT_CANCELLABLE"})
 	}
 }
 
@@ -695,6 +880,9 @@ func handleRollbackDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 			        COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
 			        COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
 			        COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
+			        COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
+			        COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
+			        COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
 			        s.created_at, s.updated_at
 			 FROM services s WHERE s.id = $1`, serviceID,
 		).Scan(
@@ -702,7 +890,9 @@ func handleRollbackDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 			&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
 			&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
 			&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-			&service.RestartPolicy, &service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt,
+			&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
+			&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
+			&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt,
 		)
 
 		rollbackReq := CreateDeploymentRequest{
@@ -715,7 +905,12 @@ func handleRollbackDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 			Trigger: "rollback",
 		}
 		// Reuse the stored image directly — no rebuild.
-		go runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(context.Background(), db.(*database.DB), engine, &rollback, service, rollbackReq, userID.(string), targetImage)
+		getDeployQueue(c).Enqueue(serviceID, deployqueue.Job{
+			DeploymentID: rollback.ID,
+			Run: func(jctx context.Context) {
+				runDeploymentAndSyncWithImage(jctx, db.(*database.DB), engine, &rollback, service, rollbackReq, userID.(string), targetImage)
+			},
+		})
 	}
 
 	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{
@@ -731,3 +926,35 @@ func handleRollbackDeployment(c *gin.Context) {
 		"message": "Rollback initiated",
 	})
 }
+
+// capacityCheck compares the requested per-replica memory (limit, falling
+// back to reservation) against node capacity. app_settings.capacity_policy
+// = "block" fails the deployment; the default "warn" only logs. CPU is not
+// gated — shares are a weight, not a reservation.
+func capacityCheck(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, client *docker.Client, service Service, replicas int) string {
+	if client == nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	requested := parseMemoryLimit(service.Memory)
+	if requested == 0 {
+		requested = parseMemoryLimit(service.MemoryReserve)
+	}
+	if requested == 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	info, err := client.GetSystemInfo(ctx)
+	if err != nil || info.MemTotal <= 0 {
+		return ""
+	}
+	need := requested * int64(replicas)
+	if need <= info.MemTotal {
+		return ""
+	}
+	msg := fmt.Sprintf("requested %d bytes x %d replicas exceeds node memory (%d bytes)",
+		requested, replicas, info.MemTotal)
+	if strings.ToLower(settingValue(db, "capacity_policy", "", "warn")) == "block" {
+		return msg
+	}
+	slog.Warn("capacity check exceeded", "service_id", service.ID, "detail", msg)
+	return ""
+}

app/backend/internal/api/domains.go

@@ -0,0 +1,375 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
+)
+
+// ServiceDomain is one hostname routed to a service. services.domain stays
+// the derived default; this table is the source of truth for the full set.
+type ServiceDomain struct {
+	ID            uuid.UUID  `json:"id"`
+	ServiceID     uuid.UUID  `json:"service_id"`
+	Domain        string     `json:"domain"`
+	IsDefault     bool       `json:"is_default"`
+	CertType      string     `json:"cert_type"`
+	CertStatus    string     `json:"cert_status"`
+	LastCheckedAt *time.Time `json:"last_checked_at,omitempty"`
+	CreatedAt     time.Time  `json:"created_at"`
+}
+
+// BasicAuthCred is a plaintext credential the server encodes to htpasswd.
+type BasicAuthCred struct {
+	Username string `json:"username" binding:"required"`
+	Password string `json:"password" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+var hostnameRE = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?(\.[a-z0-9]([a-z0-9-]{0,61}[a-z0-9])?)*$`)
+
+func validHostname(d string) bool {
+	return len(d) <= 253 && hostnameRE.MatchString(d)
+}
+
+func loadServiceDomains(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) []ServiceDomain {
+	rows, err := db.Query(
+		`SELECT id, service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type, cert_status, last_checked_at, created_at
+		 FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1 ORDER BY is_default DESC, created_at ASC`, serviceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	out := []ServiceDomain{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var d ServiceDomain
+		if err := rows.Scan(&d.ID, &d.ServiceID, &d.Domain, &d.IsDefault, &d.CertType, &d.CertStatus, &d.LastCheckedAt, &d.CreatedAt); err == nil {
+			out = append(out, d)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func serviceDomainNames(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID, fallback string) []string {
+	domains := loadServiceDomains(db, serviceID)
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(domains))
+	for _, d := range domains {
+		out = append(out, d.Domain)
+	}
+	if len(out) == 0 && fallback != "" {
+		out = []string{fallback}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// syncDefaultDomain writes the is_default row back to services.domain so
+// legacy reads (CLI tables, public_url) keep working.
+func syncDefaultDomain(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) {
+	var domain string
+	err := db.QueryRow(
+		`SELECT domain FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1 AND is_default`, serviceID).Scan(&domain)
+	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
+		err = db.QueryRow(
+			`SELECT domain FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1 ORDER BY created_at ASC LIMIT 1`, serviceID).Scan(&domain)
+	}
+	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
+		domain = ""
+	}
+	_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET domain = $1 WHERE id = $2`, domain, serviceID)
+}
+
+// serviceAccess loads the maintenance/basic-auth columns for the runtime spec.
+func serviceAccess(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) (maintenance bool, basicAuth string) {
+	_ = db.QueryRow(`SELECT maintenance_mode, basic_auth_users FROM services WHERE id = $1`, serviceID).
+		Scan(&maintenance, &basicAuth)
+	return maintenance, basicAuth
+}
+
+// maintenanceURL is the redirect target for maintenance mode — the public
+// base URL of this API plus the maintenance page path.
+func maintenanceURL(db *database.DB) string {
+	base := strings.TrimRight(settingValue(db, "base_url", "BASE_URL", ""), "/")
+	if base == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return base + "/api/v1/maintenance"
+}
+
+// encodeBasicAuth turns plaintext creds into Traefik's htpasswd format
+// (user:bcrypt hash, comma-separated). Bcrypt is what Traefik expects.
+func encodeBasicAuth(creds []BasicAuthCred) (string, error) {
+	pairs := make([]string, 0, len(creds))
+	for _, cred := range creds {
+		if cred.Username == "" || cred.Password == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		hash, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(cred.Password), bcrypt.DefaultCost)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		pairs = append(pairs, cred.Username+":"+string(hash))
+	}
+	return strings.Join(pairs, ","), nil
+}
+
+// basicAuthUsernames returns just the usernames for API responses — never
+// the hashes.
+func basicAuthUsernames(encoded string) []string {
+	var out []string
+	for _, pair := range strings.Split(encoded, ",") {
+		if u, _, ok := strings.Cut(pair, ":"); ok && u != "" {
+			out = append(out, u)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// serviceWriteAccess mirrors the service update handler's access check.
+func serviceWriteAccess(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) bool {
+	userID, _ := c.Get("user_id")
+	var ok bool
+	err := db.QueryRow(
+		`SELECT EXISTS(SELECT 1 FROM services s JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
+			WHERE s.id = $1 AND (p.owner_id = $2 OR $3::bool))`,
+		serviceID, userID, contextIsAdmin(c)).Scan(&ok)
+	return err == nil && ok
+}
+
+func handleListServiceDomains(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Database connection not available")
+		return
+	}
+	serviceID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid service ID")
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"domains": loadServiceDomains(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)})
+}
+
+func handleAddServiceDomain(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Database connection not available")
+		return
+	}
+	serviceID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid service ID")
+		return
+	}
+	if !serviceWriteAccess(c, db.(*database.DB), serviceID) {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "Service not found")
+		return
+	}
+	var req struct {
+		Domain    string `json:"domain" binding:"required"`
+		IsDefault bool   `json:"is_default"`
+	}
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+	domain := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(req.Domain))
+	if !validHostname(domain) {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid hostname")
+		return
+	}
+
+	// First domain on a service becomes the default automatically.
+	var count int
+	_ = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1`, serviceID).Scan(&count)
+	makeDefault := req.IsDefault || count == 0
+
+	tx, err := db.(*database.DB).Begin()
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Failed to add domain")
+		return
+	}
+	defer tx.Rollback()
+	if makeDefault {
+		if _, err := tx.Exec(`UPDATE service_domains SET is_default = false WHERE service_id = $1`, serviceID); err != nil {
+			respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Failed to add domain")
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	var inserted ServiceDomain
+	err = tx.QueryRow(
+		`INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default)
+		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
+		 RETURNING id, service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type, cert_status, created_at`,
+		serviceID, domain, makeDefault).
+		Scan(&inserted.ID, &inserted.ServiceID, &inserted.Domain, &inserted.IsDefault, &inserted.CertType, &inserted.CertStatus, &inserted.CreatedAt)
+	if err != nil {
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "duplicate") || strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unique") {
+			respondError(c, http.StatusConflict, "CONFLICT", "Domain already attached to this service")
+			return
+		}
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Failed to add domain")
+		return
+	}
+	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Failed to add domain")
+		return
+	}
+	syncDefaultDomain(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{"domain": inserted})
+}
+
+func handleDeleteServiceDomain(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Database connection not available")
+		return
+	}
+	serviceID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid service ID")
+		return
+	}
+	if !serviceWriteAccess(c, db.(*database.DB), serviceID) {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "Service not found")
+		return
+	}
+	domainID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("domain_id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid domain ID")
+		return
+	}
+	res, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+		`DELETE FROM service_domains WHERE id = $1 AND service_id = $2`, domainID, serviceID)
+	affected, _ := res.RowsAffected()
+	if err != nil || affected == 0 {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "Domain not found")
+		return
+	}
+	syncDefaultDomain(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"deleted": domainID})
+}
+
+func handleSetDefaultDomain(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Database connection not available")
+		return
+	}
+	serviceID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid service ID")
+		return
+	}
+	if !serviceWriteAccess(c, db.(*database.DB), serviceID) {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "Service not found")
+		return
+	}
+	domainID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("domain_id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid domain ID")
+		return
+	}
+	res, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+		`UPDATE service_domains SET is_default = (id = $1) WHERE service_id = $2`,
+		domainID, serviceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Failed to set default domain")
+		return
+	}
+	affected, _ := res.RowsAffected()
+	if affected == 0 {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "Domain not found")
+		return
+	}
+	syncDefaultDomain(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"domains": loadServiceDomains(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)})
+}
+
+// handleCheckServiceDomains resolves each domain's DNS and compares it to
+// the configured expected target (app_settings.public_ip / PUBLIC_IP, or the
+// base_url host). Statuses: ok | wrong-target | pending.
+func handleCheckServiceDomains(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Database connection not available")
+		return
+	}
+	dbh := db.(*database.DB)
+	serviceID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid service ID")
+		return
+	}
+
+	expectedIP := settingValue(dbh, "public_ip", "PUBLIC_IP", "")
+	expectedHost := ""
+	if base := settingValue(dbh, "base_url", "BASE_URL", ""); base != "" {
+		if u := strings.TrimPrefix(strings.TrimPrefix(base, "https://"), "http://"); u != "" {
+			expectedHost, _, _ = strings.Cut(u, "/")
+			expectedHost, _, _ = strings.Cut(expectedHost, ":")
+		}
+	}
+
+	type result struct {
+		Domain   string   `json:"domain"`
+		Status   string   `json:"status"` // ok | wrong-target | pending
+		Resolved []string `json:"resolved"`
+	}
+	results := []result{}
+	resolver := net.DefaultResolver
+	for _, d := range loadServiceDomains(dbh, serviceID) {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(c.Request.Context(), 4*time.Second)
+		addrs, _ := resolver.LookupHost(ctx, d.Domain)
+		cname, _ := resolver.LookupCNAME(ctx, d.Domain)
+		cancel()
+
+		r := result{Domain: d.Domain, Resolved: addrs}
+		cname = strings.TrimSuffix(cname, ".")
+		switch {
+		case len(addrs) == 0:
+			r.Status = "pending"
+		case expectedIP != "":
+			r.Status = "wrong-target"
+			for _, a := range addrs {
+				if a == expectedIP {
+					r.Status = "ok"
+				}
+			}
+		case expectedHost != "":
+			r.Status = "ok" // resolves; CNAME match is advisory only
+			if cname != "" && cname != d.Domain && cname != expectedHost {
+				r.Status = "wrong-target"
+			}
+		default:
+			r.Status = "ok"
+		}
+		results = append(results, r)
+		_, _ = dbh.Exec(`UPDATE service_domains SET last_checked_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1`, d.ID)
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"domains": results})
+}
+
+// handleMaintenancePage serves the maintenance-mode landing page. Public:
+// browsers hit it via the Traefik redirect before any auth.
+func handleMaintenancePage(c *gin.Context) {
+	c.Data(http.StatusOK, "text/html; charset=utf-8", []byte(`<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
+<title>Maintenance</title><style>
+body{margin:0;min-height:100vh;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;background:#0b0e14;color:#e6e8ee;font-family:system-ui,sans-serif}
+.card{text-align:center;padding:2rem}.title{font-size:1.4rem;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:.5rem}
+.sub{color:#9aa3b2;font-size:.95rem}.brand{margin-top:2rem;color:#5b6472;font-size:.75rem;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase}
+</style></head><body><div class="card">
+<div class="title">This service is under maintenance</div>
+<div class="sub">Please check back shortly.</div>
+<div class="brand">Containr</div>
+</div></body></html>`))
+}

app/backend/internal/api/errors.go

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+)
+
+// Stable machine-readable error codes for agent clients. The "error" field
+// stays human-readable; "code" is the contract the CLI/MCP rely on.
+const (
+	CodeUnauthorized       = "UNAUTHENTICATED"
+	CodeInvalidToken       = "INVALID_TOKEN"
+	CodeForbidden          = "FORBIDDEN"
+	CodeAdminRequired      = "ADMIN_REQUIRED"
+	CodeScopeInsufficient  = "SCOPE_INSUFFICIENT"
+	CodeNotFound           = "NOT_FOUND"
+	CodeValidation         = "VALIDATION"
+	CodeConflict           = "CONFLICT"
+	CodeInternal           = "INTERNAL"
+	CodeUnavailable        = "DEPENDENCY_UNAVAILABLE"
+	CodeIdempotencyRunning = "IDEMPOTENCY_IN_PROGRESS"
+)
+
+// respondError emits the standard error envelope. Existing handlers return
+// bare {"error": msg} — this adds the stable code for new and
+// agent-facing paths.
+func respondError(c *gin.Context, status int, code, message string) {
+	c.JSON(status, gin.H{"error": message, "code": code})
+	c.Abort()
+}

app/backend/internal/api/git.go

@@ -133,7 +133,9 @@ func handleGetGitProviders(c *gin.Context) {
 }
 
 func handleGetGitHubAppInstallURL(c *gin.Context) {
-	slug := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("GITHUB_APP_SLUG"))
+	db, _ := c.Get("db")
+	d, _ := db.(*database.DB)
+	slug := strings.TrimSpace(settingValue(d, settingGitHubAppSlug, "GITHUB_APP_SLUG", ""))
 	if slug == "" {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "GITHUB_APP_SLUG is not configured"})
 		return
@@ -1073,8 +1075,8 @@ func fetchBitbucketRepositories(providerAPIURL, accessToken string) ([]remoteGit
 }
 
 func getGitHubAppInstallationToken(baseURL string, installationID int64) (string, error) {
-	appID := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("GITHUB_APP_ID"))
-	privateKeyPEM := strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("GITHUB_APP_PRIVATE_KEY"))
+	appID := platformSetting(settingGitHubAppID, "GITHUB_APP_ID")
+	privateKeyPEM := platformSetting(settingGitHubAppPrivateKey, "GITHUB_APP_PRIVATE_KEY")
 	if appID == "" || privateKeyPEM == "" {
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("GITHUB_APP_ID and GITHUB_APP_PRIVATE_KEY must be configured")
 	}

app/backend/internal/api/git_receiver.go

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"crypto/subtle"
 	"encoding/hex"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 
 	"containr/internal/database"
 	"containr/internal/deployment"
+	"containr/internal/deployqueue"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
@@ -89,11 +91,24 @@ func handleGitWebhookPush(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(payload.Ref, "refs/heads/") {
+	// Non-push events that still mean "the repo changed": fork-sync bots
+	// (sync), repository_dispatch, workflow_run completions. They carry no
+	// `ref`, so fall back to the webhook's branch filter (or the service's
+	// own git_branch via the repo match below).
+	event := c.Request.Header.Get("X-GitHub-Event")
+	if event == "" {
+		event = c.Request.Header.Get("X-Gitea-Event")
+	}
+	syncEvent := event == "sync" || event == "repository_dispatch" || event == "workflow_run"
+
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(payload.Ref, "refs/heads/") && !syncEvent {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{"received": true, "ignored": "not a branch push"})
 		return
 	}
 	branch := strings.TrimPrefix(payload.Ref, "refs/heads/")
+	if branch == "" {
+		branch = branchFilter
+	}
 	if branchFilter != "" && branchFilter != branch {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{"received": true, "ignored": "branch not watched"})
 		return
@@ -112,16 +127,40 @@ func handleGitWebhookPush(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	rows, err := db.Query(`
+	engineValue, _ := c.Get("deployment_engine")
+	engine, _ := engineValue.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine)
+
+	enqueued, err := dispatchPushToServices(c, db, engine, cloneURL, fullName, branch, commit, repoUserID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to match services"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{
+		"received":    true,
+		"branch":      branch,
+		"deployments": enqueued,
+	})
+}
+
+// dispatchPushToServices enqueues a deployment for every service tracking
+// the pushed repo+branch. Shared by the per-repo webhook receiver and the
+// GitHub App webhook endpoint.
+func dispatchPushToServices(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB, engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine, cloneURL, fullName, branch, commit, repoUserID string) (int, error) {
+	// Sync-style events may carry no branch — match services on repo only.
+	branchClause := "s.git_branch = $1"
+	if branch == "" {
+		branchClause = "TRUE"
+	}
+	rows, err := db.Query(fmt.Sprintf(`
 		SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name, s.type, s.status, s.image, s.command,
 		       s.environment, s.git_repo, s.git_branch, s.build_path, s.cpu, s.memory,
 		       s.created_at, s.updated_at
 		FROM services s
-		WHERE s.git_branch = $1 AND (s.git_repo = $2 OR s.git_repo = $3)`,
+		WHERE %s AND (s.git_repo = $2 OR s.git_repo = $3)`, branchClause),
 		branch, cloneURL, fullName)
 	if err != nil {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to match services"})
-		return
+		return 0, err
 	}
 	defer rows.Close()
 
@@ -133,15 +172,11 @@ func handleGitWebhookPush(c *gin.Context) {
 			&s.Environment, &s.GitRepo, &s.GitBranch, &s.BuildPath, &s.CPU, &s.Memory,
 			&s.CreatedAt, &s.UpdatedAt,
 		); err != nil {
-			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to scan service"})
-			return
+			return 0, err
 		}
 		services = append(services, s)
 	}
 
-	engineValue, _ := c.Get("deployment_engine")
-	engine, _ := engineValue.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine)
-
 	enqueued := 0
 	for _, service := range services {
 		now := time.Now()
@@ -159,9 +194,9 @@ func handleGitWebhookPush(c *gin.Context) {
 		}
 		if _, err := db.Exec(
 			`INSERT INTO deployments
-			 (id, service_id, commit_hash, status, image_name, image_tag, created_at, updated_at)
-			 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8)`,
-			d.ID, d.ServiceID, d.CommitHash, d.Status, d.ImageName, d.ImageTag, d.CreatedAt, d.UpdatedAt,
+			 (id, service_id, version, commit_hash, status, image_name, image_tag, created_at, updated_at)
+			 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9)`,
+			d.ID, d.ServiceID, fmt.Sprintf("v%d", now.Unix()), d.CommitHash, d.Status, d.ImageName, d.ImageTag, d.CreatedAt, d.UpdatedAt,
 		); err != nil {
 			continue
 		}
@@ -178,19 +213,31 @@ func handleGitWebhookPush(c *gin.Context) {
 			`UPDATE services SET status = 'building', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
 			time.Now(), service.ID,
 		)
-		go runDeploymentAndSync(
-			context.Background(), db, engine, &d, service,
-			CreateDeploymentRequest{CommitHash: commit, Branch: branch, Trigger: "webhook"},
-			repoUserID,
-		)
+		// Webhook pushes default to a clean build — stale layers are the
+		// classic silent-rollback failure (dflow convention).
+		branchForBuild := branch
+		if branchForBuild == "" {
+			branchForBuild = service.GitBranch
+		}
+		webhookReq := CreateDeploymentRequest{CommitHash: commit, Branch: branchForBuild, Trigger: "webhook", NoCache: true}
+		if pos := getDeployQueue(c).Enqueue(service.ID, deployqueue.Job{
+			DeploymentID: d.ID,
+			Run: func(jctx context.Context) {
+				runDeploymentAndSync(jctx, db, engine, &d, service, webhookReq, repoUserID)
+			},
+		}); pos > 0 {
+			_, _ = db.Exec(
+				`UPDATE deployments SET status = 'queued', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
+				time.Now(), d.ID,
+			)
+			_, _ = db.Exec(
+				`UPDATE services SET status = 'queued', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`,
+				time.Now(), service.ID,
+			)
+		}
 		enqueued++
 	}
-
-	c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{
-		"received":    true,
-		"branch":      branch,
-		"deployments": enqueued,
-	})
+	return enqueued, nil
 }
 
 // verifyGitWebhookSignature checks the push signature per provider:

app/backend/internal/api/github_app.go

@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"crypto/hmac"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"crypto/subtle"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/deployment"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+)
+
+// GitHub App self-provisioning (manifest flow): an admin POSTs the manifest
+// to github.com/settings/apps/new, GitHub redirects back with `code`, and the
+// code is exchanged at /app-manifests/{code}/conversions for real credentials
+// stored in app_settings. Values stored there take precedence over the
+// GITHUB_APP_* env vars, so the flow removes the manual env-setup barrier.
+
+const (
+	settingGitHubAppID            = "github_app.id"
+	settingGitHubAppSlug          = "github_app.slug"
+	settingGitHubAppName          = "github_app.name"
+	settingGitHubAppClientID      = "github_app.client_id"
+	settingGitHubAppClientSecret  = "github_app.client_secret"
+	settingGitHubAppPrivateKey    = "github_app.private_key"
+	settingGitHubAppWebhookSecret = "github_app.webhook_secret"
+)
+
+// platformSetting resolves a setting row first, then env, then empty.
+func platformSetting(key, envKey string) string {
+	return strings.TrimSpace(settingValue(GetAuditDB(), key, envKey, ""))
+}
+
+func githubAppConfigured(db *database.DB) bool {
+	return strings.TrimSpace(settingValue(db, settingGitHubAppID, "GITHUB_APP_ID", "")) != "" &&
+		strings.TrimSpace(settingValue(db, settingGitHubAppPrivateKey, "GITHUB_APP_PRIVATE_KEY", "")) != ""
+}
+
+// POST /admin/git/github-app/manifest — builds the GitHub App manifest the
+// browser POSTs to github.com. Response carries the manifest as a JSON string
+// (the form submits it verbatim) plus the destination URL.
+func handleAdminGitHubAppManifest(c *gin.Context) {
+	var req struct {
+		BaseURL      string `json:"base_url" binding:"required"`
+		Name         string `json:"name"`
+		Organization string `json:"organization"`
+	}
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_BODY", "base_url is required")
+		return
+	}
+	base := strings.TrimSuffix(strings.TrimSpace(req.BaseURL), "/")
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(base, "https://") &&
+		!strings.HasPrefix(base, "http://localhost") &&
+		!strings.HasPrefix(base, "http://127.0.0.1") {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "base_url must be an https URL (localhost http allowed)")
+		return
+	}
+
+	stateBuf := make([]byte, 16)
+	if _, err := rand.Read(stateBuf); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to generate state")
+		return
+	}
+	state := hex.EncodeToString(stateBuf)
+
+	name := strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
+	if name == "" {
+		db, _ := c.Get("db")
+		if d, ok := db.(*database.DB); ok {
+			name = strings.TrimSpace(settingValue(d, settingBrandProductName, "BRAND_NAME", ""))
+		}
+		if name == "" {
+			name = "Containr"
+		}
+		name = fmt.Sprintf("%s-%s", name, time.Now().UTC().Format("2006-01-02"))
+	}
+
+	callbackURL := base + "/git/github-app/callback"
+	manifest, err := json.Marshal(map[string]interface{}{
+		"name":  name,
+		"url":   base,
+		"hook_attributes": map[string]interface{}{
+			"url":    base + "/api/git/github-app/webhook",
+			"active": true,
+		},
+		"redirect_url":  callbackURL,
+		"callback_urls": []string{callbackURL},
+		"public":        false,
+		"default_permissions": map[string]string{
+			"contents":      "read",
+			"metadata":      "read",
+			"pull_requests": "write",
+		},
+		"default_events": []string{"push", "pull_request"},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to build manifest")
+		return
+	}
+
+	org := strings.TrimSpace(req.Organization)
+	createURL := fmt.Sprintf("https://github.com/settings/apps/new?state=%s", state)
+	if org != "" {
+		createURL = fmt.Sprintf("https://github.com/organizations/%s/settings/apps/new?state=%s", org, state)
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"url":      createURL,
+		"manifest": string(manifest),
+		"state":    state,
+	})
+}
+
+// POST /admin/git/github-app/convert — exchanges the `code` GitHub appends to
+// the manifest redirect for the real app credentials, then stores them.
+func handleAdminGitHubAppConvert(c *gin.Context) {
+	var req struct {
+		Code string `json:"code" binding:"required"`
+	}
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_BODY", "code is required")
+		return
+	}
+
+	apiBase := strings.TrimSuffix(strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("GITHUB_APP_BASE_URL")), "/")
+	if apiBase == "" {
+		apiBase = "https://api.github.com"
+	}
+	request, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost,
+		fmt.Sprintf("%s/app-manifests/%s/conversions", apiBase, strings.TrimSpace(req.Code)), nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to build conversion request")
+		return
+	}
+	request.Header.Set("Accept", "application/vnd.github+json")
+	request.Header.Set("X-GitHub-Api-Version", "2022-11-28")
+
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 15 * time.Second}
+	resp, err := client.Do(request)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadGateway, "UPSTREAM", "failed to reach GitHub")
+		return
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	body, _ := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 1<<20))
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusCreated && resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadGateway, "UPSTREAM",
+			fmt.Sprintf("GitHub conversion failed (%d)", resp.StatusCode))
+		return
+	}
+
+	var app struct {
+		ID            int64  `json:"id"`
+		Slug          string `json:"slug"`
+		Name          string `json:"name"`
+		ClientID      string `json:"client_id"`
+		ClientSecret  string `json:"client_secret"`
+		PEM           string `json:"pem"`
+		WebhookSecret string `json:"webhook_secret"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &app); err != nil || app.ID == 0 {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadGateway, "UPSTREAM", "invalid conversion response")
+		return
+	}
+
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	for _, kv := range []struct {
+		key    string
+		value  string
+		secret bool
+	}{
+		{settingGitHubAppID, fmt.Sprintf("%d", app.ID), false},
+		{settingGitHubAppSlug, app.Slug, false},
+		{settingGitHubAppName, app.Name, false},
+		{settingGitHubAppClientID, app.ClientID, false},
+		{settingGitHubAppClientSecret, app.ClientSecret, true},
+		{settingGitHubAppPrivateKey, app.PEM, true},
+		{settingGitHubAppWebhookSecret, app.WebhookSecret, true},
+	} {
+		if err := setSetting(db, kv.key, kv.value, kv.secret); err != nil {
+			respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to store app credentials")
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "github_app", fmt.Sprintf("%d", app.ID), "provision",
+		map[string]interface{}{"name": app.Name, "slug": app.Slug})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"app_id": app.ID,
+		"slug":   app.Slug,
+		"name":   app.Name,
+	})
+}
+
+// GET /admin/git/github-app — provisioning status for the settings UI.
+func handleAdminGetGitHubApp(c *gin.Context) {
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	var stored string
+	source := "none"
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT value FROM app_settings WHERE key = $1`, settingGitHubAppID).Scan(&stored); err == nil && strings.TrimSpace(stored) != "" {
+		source = "settings"
+	} else if strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("GITHUB_APP_ID")) != "" {
+		source = "env"
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"configured": githubAppConfigured(db),
+		"source":     source,
+		"app_id":     settingValue(db, settingGitHubAppID, "GITHUB_APP_ID", ""),
+		"slug":       settingValue(db, settingGitHubAppSlug, "GITHUB_APP_SLUG", ""),
+		"name":       settingValue(db, settingGitHubAppName, "", ""),
+	})
+}
+
+// POST /api/git/github-app/webhook — the single App-level webhook all
+// installed repos deliver to. Verified against the provisioned webhook
+// secret, then dispatched to matching services.
+func handleGitHubAppWebhook(c *gin.Context) {
+	dbValue, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Database connection not available"})
+		return
+	}
+	db := dbValue.(*database.DB)
+
+	secret := strings.TrimSpace(settingValue(db, settingGitHubAppWebhookSecret, "GITHUB_APP_WEBHOOK_SECRET", ""))
+	if secret == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusServiceUnavailable, gin.H{"error": "GitHub App webhook not configured"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	body, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(c.Request.Body, 4<<20))
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "Failed to read payload"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	mac := hmac.New(sha256.New, []byte(secret))
+	mac.Write(body)
+	expected := mac.Sum(nil)
+	sig := strings.TrimPrefix(c.GetHeader("X-Hub-Signature-256"), "sha256=")
+	decoded, err := hex.DecodeString(sig)
+	if err != nil || len(decoded) == 0 || subtle.ConstantTimeCompare(decoded, expected) != 1 {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"error": "Invalid signature"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	event := c.GetHeader("X-GitHub-Event")
+	if event != "push" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{"received": true, "ignored": "event " + event})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var payload struct {
+		Ref        string `json:"ref"`
+		After      string `json:"after"`
+		Repository struct {
+			FullName string `json:"full_name"`
+			CloneURL string `json:"clone_url"`
+		} `json:"repository"`
+		HeadCommit struct {
+			ID string `json:"id"`
+		} `json:"head_commit"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &payload); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "Invalid payload"})
+		return
+	}
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(payload.Ref, "refs/heads/") {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{"received": true, "ignored": "not a branch push"})
+		return
+	}
+	branch := strings.TrimPrefix(payload.Ref, "refs/heads/")
+	commit := payload.HeadCommit.ID
+	if commit == "" {
+		commit = payload.After
+	}
+
+	cloneURL := payload.Repository.CloneURL
+	fullName := payload.Repository.FullName
+	if cloneURL == "" {
+		cloneURL = fmt.Sprintf("https://github.com/%s.git", fullName)
+	}
+
+	// Services tracking an App-connected repo store either the clone URL or
+	// owner/name — match both like the per-repo receiver does.
+	engineValue, _ := c.Get("deployment_engine")
+	engine, _ := engineValue.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine)
+
+	enqueued, err := dispatchPushToServices(c, db, engine, cloneURL, fullName, branch, commit, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to match services"})
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{
+		"received":    true,
+		"branch":      branch,
+		"deployments": enqueued,
+	})
+}

app/backend/internal/api/invites.go

@@ -0,0 +1,245 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"errors"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/bcrypt"
+)
+
+// Team invites: an admin creates a single-use link; the invitee registers
+// through it even while public signup is closed. Tokens are random 32-byte
+// values shared once — only their sha256 hash is stored.
+
+type inviteJSON struct {
+	ID        string     `json:"id"`
+	Email     *string    `json:"email,omitempty"`
+	ExpiresAt time.Time  `json:"expires_at"`
+	UsedAt    *time.Time `json:"used_at,omitempty"`
+	CreatedAt *time.Time `json:"created_at,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func toInviteJSON(i sqlcdb.UserInvite) inviteJSON {
+	out := inviteJSON{ID: i.ID.String(), ExpiresAt: i.ExpiresAt}
+	if i.Email.Valid && i.Email.String != "" {
+		out.Email = &i.Email.String
+	}
+	if i.UsedAt.Valid {
+		out.UsedAt = &i.UsedAt.Time
+	}
+	if i.CreatedAt.Valid {
+		out.CreatedAt = &i.CreatedAt.Time
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func inviteTokenHash(token string) string {
+	sum := sha256.Sum256([]byte(token))
+	return hex.EncodeToString(sum[:])
+}
+
+func generateInviteToken() (string, error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 32)
+	if _, err := rand.Read(buf); err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	return hex.EncodeToString(buf), nil
+}
+
+// POST /admin/invites — {email?, expires_in_hours?} → {invite, token, url}
+func handleAdminCreateInvite(c *gin.Context) {
+	var req struct {
+		Email          string `json:"email"`
+		ExpiresInHours *int   `json:"expires_in_hours"`
+	}
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_BODY", "invalid request body")
+		return
+	}
+	ttl := 24 * 7
+	if req.ExpiresInHours != nil {
+		if *req.ExpiresInHours < 1 || *req.ExpiresInHours > 24*90 {
+			respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "expires_in_hours must be 1–2160")
+			return
+		}
+		ttl = *req.ExpiresInHours
+	}
+	token, err := generateInviteToken()
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to generate token")
+		return
+	}
+	userID, _ := requireAuthenticatedUserUUID(c)
+	params := sqlcdb.CreateUserInviteParams{
+		TokenHash: inviteTokenHash(token),
+		CreatedBy: uuid.NullUUID{UUID: userID, Valid: true},
+		ExpiresAt: time.Now().UTC().Add(time.Duration(ttl) * time.Hour),
+	}
+	if email := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(req.Email)); email != "" {
+		params.Email = sql.NullString{String: email, Valid: true}
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	invite, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).CreateUserInvite(c.Request.Context(), params)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to create invite")
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{
+		"invite": toInviteJSON(invite),
+		"token":  token,
+		"url":    "/auth/accept-invite?token=" + token,
+	})
+}
+
+// GET /admin/invites
+func handleAdminListInvites(c *gin.Context) {
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	invites, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).ListUserInvites(c.Request.Context())
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to list invites")
+		return
+	}
+	out := make([]inviteJSON, 0, len(invites))
+	for _, i := range invites {
+		out = append(out, toInviteJSON(i))
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"invites": out})
+}
+
+// DELETE /admin/invites/:id — revoke an unused invite.
+func handleAdminDeleteInvite(c *gin.Context) {
+	id, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_ID", "invalid invite id")
+		return
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	if err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).DeleteUserInvite(c.Request.Context(), id); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to delete invite")
+		return
+	}
+	c.Status(http.StatusNoContent)
+}
+
+// GET /auth/invites/:token — public. Lets the accept page validate the link
+// and pre-fill a bound email before the user commits to registering.
+func handleGetInvite(c *gin.Context) {
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	invite, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetUserInviteByTokenHash(c.Request.Context(), inviteTokenHash(c.Param("token")))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "invite not found")
+		return
+	}
+	expired := time.Now().After(invite.ExpiresAt)
+	var email *string
+	if invite.Email.Valid && invite.Email.String != "" {
+		email = &invite.Email.String
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"valid":      !invite.UsedAt.Valid && !expired,
+		"used":       invite.UsedAt.Valid,
+		"expired":    expired,
+		"email":      email,
+		"expires_at": invite.ExpiresAt,
+	})
+}
+
+// POST /auth/accept-invite — {token, name, email, password}
+func handleAcceptInvite(c *gin.Context) {
+	var req struct {
+		Token    string `json:"token" binding:"required"`
+		Name     string `json:"name" binding:"required"`
+		Email    string `json:"email" binding:"required"`
+		Password string `json:"password" binding:"required"`
+	}
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_BODY", "token, name, email and password are required")
+		return
+	}
+	if len(req.Password) < 8 {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "password must be at least 8 characters")
+		return
+	}
+	req.Email = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(req.Email))
+
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	invite, err := q.GetUserInviteByTokenHash(c.Request.Context(), inviteTokenHash(req.Token))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "invite not found")
+		return
+	}
+	if invite.UsedAt.Valid {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusGone, "INVITE_USED", "invite already used")
+		return
+	}
+	if time.Now().After(invite.ExpiresAt) {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusGone, "INVITE_EXPIRED", "invite expired")
+		return
+	}
+	if invite.Email.Valid && invite.Email.String != "" && invite.Email.String != req.Email {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusForbidden, "INVITE_EMAIL_MISMATCH", "invite is bound to a different email")
+		return
+	}
+
+	var existing int
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM users WHERE email = $1`, req.Email).Scan(&existing); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "database error")
+		return
+	}
+	if existing > 0 {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusConflict, "CONFLICT", "user already exists")
+		return
+	}
+
+	if err := createBetterAuthUser(c, strings.TrimSpace(req.Name), req.Email, req.Password); err != nil && !errors.Is(err, errBetterAuthUserExists) {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+
+	hashedPassword, err := bcrypt.GenerateFromPassword([]byte(req.Password), bcrypt.DefaultCost)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to hash password")
+		return
+	}
+
+	var user User
+	err = db.QueryRow(`
+		INSERT INTO users (email, password_hash, name)
+		VALUES ($1, $2, $3)
+		RETURNING id, email, name, COALESCE(avatar_url, ''), is_admin, created_at
+	`, req.Email, string(hashedPassword), strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)).
+		Scan(&user.ID, &user.Email, &user.Name, &user.AvatarURL, &user.IsAdmin, &user.CreatedAt)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusConflict, "CONFLICT", "user already exists")
+		return
+	}
+
+	userUUID, _ := uuid.Parse(user.ID)
+	if err := q.MarkUserInviteUsed(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.MarkUserInviteUsedParams{
+		ID:     invite.ID,
+		UsedBy: uuid.NullUUID{UUID: userUUID, Valid: userUUID != uuid.Nil},
+	}); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to consume invite")
+		return
+	}
+
+	jwtSecret := c.MustGet("jwt_secret").(string)
+	token, err := generateJWT(user.ID, user.Email, jwtSecret)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "failed to generate token")
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, AuthResponse{Token: token, User: user})
+}

app/backend/internal/api/noderunner.go

@@ -0,0 +1,369 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"database/sql"
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+	"containr/internal/deployment"
+)
+
+// agentNodeRunner implements deployment.NodeRunner by dispatching container
+// lifecycle commands to a node agent's command queue and waiting for the
+// reported result. Remote nodes have no Traefik — domains stay local-only
+// until per-node ingress lands.
+type agentNodeRunner struct {
+	q  *sqlcdb.Queries
+	db *database.DB
+}
+
+func newAgentNodeRunner(db *database.DB) *agentNodeRunner {
+	return &agentNodeRunner{q: sqlcdb.New(db.DB), db: db}
+}
+
+// remoteContainerID is deterministic per (agent, service, replica) so redeploys
+// update the same inventory row instead of accumulating stale ones.
+func remoteContainerID(agentID, serviceID string, replica int) string {
+	sum := sha256.Sum256([]byte(agentID + "|" + serviceID + "|" + fmt.Sprint(replica)))
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%x-%x-%x-%x-%x", sum[0:4], sum[4:6], sum[6:8], sum[8:10], sum[10:16])
+}
+
+func remoteContainerName(serviceID string, replica int) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("containr-%s-%d", serviceID, replica)
+}
+
+func (r *agentNodeRunner) ReconcileOnNode(ctx context.Context, spec deployment.RuntimeSpec) (*deployment.RuntimeState, error) {
+	agent, err := r.q.GetAgent(ctx, spec.NodeID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("node %s not found", spec.NodeID)
+	}
+	if !agent.Status.Valid || agent.Status.String != "online" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("node %s is %s — heartbeats resume scheduling when it reconnects", agent.Name, agent.Status.String)
+	}
+	return r.reconcileOnAgents(ctx, spec, func(int) string { return spec.NodeID })
+}
+
+// ReconcileSpread distributes replicas deterministically across online,
+// schedulable agents: replica i lands on agents[i % len(agents)], agents
+// sorted by id. Replicas wrap when they outnumber nodes. The local host is
+// not a spread target — pin "local" or leave unset for local execution.
+func (r *agentNodeRunner) ReconcileSpread(ctx context.Context, spec deployment.RuntimeSpec) (*deployment.RuntimeState, error) {
+	agents, err := r.q.ListSchedulableAgents(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("list schedulable nodes: %w", err)
+	}
+	if len(agents) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no online schedulable nodes — connect an agent or unset spread")
+	}
+	return r.reconcileOnAgents(ctx, spec, func(i int) string {
+		return agents[i%len(agents)].ID
+	})
+}
+
+// RemoteRuntimeState reads the service's remote replicas from inventory.
+// Rows only carry the last dispatched state — the agent doesn't stream
+// container events — so "running" means "last create succeeded".
+func (r *agentNodeRunner) RemoteRuntimeState(ctx context.Context, serviceID string) (*deployment.RuntimeState, error) {
+	rows, err := r.q.ListServiceContainers(ctx, serviceID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	state := &deployment.RuntimeState{Status: "stopped"}
+	running := 0
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		var status struct {
+			State string `json:"state"`
+		}
+		unmarshalRaw(row.Status, &status)
+		if status.State == "" || status.State == "removed" {
+			continue
+		}
+		replica := -1
+		if idx, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimPrefix(row.Name, fmt.Sprintf("containr-%s-", serviceID))); err == nil {
+			replica = idx
+		}
+		state.Containers = append(state.Containers, deployment.RuntimeContainer{
+			ID: row.ID, Name: row.Name, State: status.State, Replica: replica,
+		})
+		if status.State == "running" {
+			running++
+		}
+	}
+	if running > 0 {
+		state.Status = "running"
+	}
+	return state, nil
+}
+
+// reconcileOnAgents creates the service's replicas on the agents chosen by
+// targetFor and retires stale replicas on any agent — including leftovers
+// from a previous pin or a different spread assignment.
+func (r *agentNodeRunner) reconcileOnAgents(ctx context.Context, spec deployment.RuntimeSpec, targetFor func(replica int) string) (*deployment.RuntimeState, error) {
+	if len(spec.Domains) > 0 || spec.Domain != "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("domains are routed by the local Traefik — remove the service's domains or run it on the local node")
+	}
+
+	replicas := spec.Replicas
+	if replicas < 1 {
+		replicas = 1
+	}
+
+	prefix := fmt.Sprintf("containr-%s-", spec.ServiceID)
+	existing, _ := r.q.ListServiceContainers(ctx, spec.ServiceID)
+	for _, row := range existing {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(row.Name, prefix) {
+			continue
+		}
+		replica, err := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimPrefix(row.Name, prefix))
+		keep := err == nil && replica < replicas && row.NodeAgentID == targetFor(replica)
+		if keep {
+			continue
+		}
+		if cmdErr := r.enqueueAndWait(ctx, row.NodeAgentID, "", "remove_container",
+			map[string]interface{}{"container_name": row.Name}); cmdErr != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("remove stale replica %s on node %s: %w", row.Name, row.NodeAgentID, cmdErr)
+		}
+		_ = r.q.UpdateContainerStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.UpdateContainerStatusParams{
+			ID:     row.ID,
+			Status: rawJSON(map[string]interface{}{"state": "removed"}),
+		})
+	}
+
+	state := &deployment.RuntimeState{Desired: replicas, Status: "running"}
+	for i := 0; i < replicas; i++ {
+		agentID := targetFor(i)
+		name := remoteContainerName(spec.ServiceID, i)
+		containerID := remoteContainerID(agentID, spec.ServiceID, i)
+		container, env, ports, volumes, restart := r.replicaPayload(spec, agentID, i, name)
+
+		_ = r.q.UpsertServiceContainer(ctx, sqlcdb.UpsertServiceContainerParams{
+			ID:            containerID,
+			Name:          name,
+			Image:         spec.Image,
+			ProjectID:     spec.ProjectID,
+			ServiceID:     spec.ServiceID,
+			NodeAgentID:   agentID,
+			Status:        rawJSON(map[string]interface{}{"state": "created", "health": "none"}),
+			Resources:     rawJSON(map[string]interface{}{"memory": spec.MemoryBytes, "cpus": float64(spec.NanoCPUs) / 1e9}),
+			Ports:         rawJSON(ports),
+			Environment:   rawJSON(env),
+			Volumes:       rawJSON(volumes),
+			Networks:      rawJSON([]string{}),
+			RestartPolicy: rawJSON(map[string]interface{}{"name": restart}),
+			HealthCheck:   rawJSON(map[string]interface{}{"path": spec.HealthPath}),
+		})
+
+		if err := r.enqueueAndWait(ctx, agentID, containerID, "create_container",
+			map[string]interface{}{"container": container}); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("replica %d on node %s: %w", i, agentID, err)
+		}
+		_ = r.q.UpdateContainerStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.UpdateContainerStatusParams{
+			ID:     containerID,
+			Status: rawJSON(map[string]interface{}{"state": "running", "health": "none"}),
+		})
+		state.Containers = append(state.Containers, deployment.RuntimeContainer{
+			ID: containerID, Name: name, State: "running", Replica: i,
+		})
+	}
+	return state, nil
+}
+
+// replicaPayload builds the agent create_container payload for one replica.
+func (r *agentNodeRunner) replicaPayload(spec deployment.RuntimeSpec, agentID string, i int, name string) (map[string]interface{}, map[string]interface{}, []interface{}, []interface{}, string) {
+	ports := []interface{}{}
+	if spec.Port > 0 {
+		hostPort := spec.PublishedPort // 0 → ephemeral on the node
+		if i > 0 {
+			hostPort = 0 // only replica 0 claims the preferred host port
+		}
+		ports = append(ports, map[string]interface{}{
+			"published":      true,
+			"host_port":      hostPort,
+			"container_port": spec.Port,
+			"protocol":       "tcp",
+		})
+	}
+	volumes := make([]interface{}, 0, len(spec.Volumes))
+	for _, v := range spec.Volumes {
+		volumes = append(volumes, map[string]interface{}{
+			"source": v.Source, "target": v.Destination, "read_only": v.ReadOnly,
+		})
+	}
+	env := map[string]interface{}{}
+	for k, v := range spec.Env {
+		env[k] = v
+	}
+	restart := spec.RestartPolicy
+	if restart == "" {
+		restart = "unless-stopped"
+	}
+	cmd := make([]interface{}, 0, len(spec.Command))
+	for _, arg := range spec.Command {
+		cmd = append(cmd, arg)
+	}
+	return map[string]interface{}{
+		"name":           name,
+		"image":          spec.Image,
+		"command":        cmd,
+		"environment":    env,
+		"registry":       r.pullCredentials(spec.ProjectID, spec.Image),
+		"ports":          ports,
+		"volumes":        volumes,
+		"restart_policy": restart,
+		"memory":         spec.MemoryBytes,
+		"cpus":           float64(spec.NanoCPUs) / 1e9,
+		"labels": map[string]interface{}{
+			"containr.managed": "true",
+			"containr.project": spec.ProjectID,
+			"containr.service": spec.ServiceID,
+			"containr.replica": fmt.Sprint(i),
+			"containr.node":    agentID,
+		},
+	}, env, ports, volumes, restart
+}
+
+// pullCredentials resolves the project owner's registry auth for the image
+// host so private images pull on remote nodes. Empty map → anonymous pull.
+func (r *agentNodeRunner) pullCredentials(projectID, imageRef string) map[string]interface{} {
+	var ownerID string
+	if err := r.db.QueryRow(
+		`SELECT owner_id FROM projects WHERE id = $1`, projectID,
+	).Scan(&ownerID); err != nil {
+		return map[string]interface{}{}
+	}
+	auth := registryAuthFor(r.db, ownerID, imageRef)
+	if auth.Username == "" {
+		return map[string]interface{}{}
+	}
+	return map[string]interface{}{
+		"server":   auth.ServerAddress,
+		"username": auth.Username,
+		"password": auth.Password,
+	}
+}
+
+// ControlService fans a lifecycle action out to every replica row the
+// service has on the agent. Actions map onto the agent's container commands;
+// "remove" also tombstones the inventory row.
+func (r *agentNodeRunner) ControlService(ctx context.Context, serviceID, agentID, action string) error {
+	cmdType := map[string]string{
+		"start":   "start_container",
+		"stop":    "stop_container",
+		"restart": "restart_container",
+		"remove":  "remove_container",
+	}[action]
+	if cmdType == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("unsupported action %q", action)
+	}
+	rows, err := r.q.ListContainersForAgent(ctx, agentID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	removed := map[string]interface{}{"state": "removed"}
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		if row.ServiceID != serviceID {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := r.enqueueAndWait(ctx, agentID, row.ID, cmdType,
+			map[string]interface{}{"container_name": row.Name}); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("%s %s on node: %w", action, row.Name, err)
+		}
+		if action == "remove" {
+			_ = r.q.UpdateContainerStatus(ctx, sqlcdb.UpdateContainerStatusParams{
+				ID: row.ID, Status: rawJSON(removed)})
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// RemoveService tears down every replica of the service on the agent and
+// clears the inventory rows.
+func (r *agentNodeRunner) RemoveService(ctx context.Context, serviceID, agentID string) error {
+	if err := r.ControlService(ctx, serviceID, agentID, "remove"); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return r.q.DeleteServiceContainersOnAgent(ctx, sqlcdb.DeleteServiceContainersOnAgentParams{
+		NodeAgentID: agentID,
+		ServiceID:   serviceID,
+	})
+}
+
+// enqueueAndWait pushes a command to the agent's queue and polls for the
+// reported result. Agents poll on their own interval (≥5s), so this blocks —
+// it runs inside the deploy queue worker, never on a request path.
+func (r *agentNodeRunner) enqueueAndWait(ctx context.Context, agentID, containerID, cmdType string, payload map[string]interface{}) error {
+	var cid sql.NullString
+	if containerID != "" {
+		cid = sql.NullString{String: containerID, Valid: true}
+	}
+	cmd, err := r.q.CreateCommand(ctx, sqlcdb.CreateCommandParams{
+		ID:          uuid.New().String(),
+		Type:        cmdType,
+		NodeAgentID: agentID,
+		ContainerID: cid,
+		Payload:     rawJSON(payload),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	deadline := time.Now().Add(8 * time.Minute) // image pulls on a cold node
+	for {
+		row, err := r.q.GetCommandForAgent(ctx, sqlcdb.GetCommandForAgentParams{
+			ID:          cmd.ID,
+			NodeAgentID: agentID,
+		})
+		if err == nil {
+			switch row.Status.String {
+			case "completed":
+				return nil
+			case "failed":
+				if row.Error.Valid && row.Error.String != "" {
+					return fmt.Errorf("agent: %s", row.Error.String)
+				}
+				return fmt.Errorf("agent reported failure")
+			}
+		}
+		if time.Now().After(deadline) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("command %s timed out waiting for the agent", cmdType)
+		}
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return ctx.Err()
+		case <-time.After(2 * time.Second):
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// resolveNodePin validates or resolves a node_id request value. "auto" picks
+// the least-loaded online agent; "" / "local" clears the pin.
+func resolveNodePin(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, requested string) (string, error) {
+	requested = strings.TrimSpace(requested)
+	if requested == "" || requested == "local" {
+		return "", nil
+	}
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	if requested == "auto" {
+		id, err := q.PickLeastLoadedAgent(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", fmt.Errorf("no online nodes available")
+		}
+		return id, nil
+	}
+	agent, err := q.GetAgent(ctx, requested)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("node not found")
+	}
+	if !agent.Schedulable {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("node %s is cordoned — uncordon it before pinning", agent.Name)
+	}
+	return requested, nil
+}

app/backend/internal/api/notification_producers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+package api
+
+// Notification producers — the emitters behind `insertUserNotification`.
+// Deployment success/failure lives in deployments.go; this file covers
+// the remaining producers from the roadmap: admin fan-out helper, the
+// agent offline/online sweep, and the upgrade-available check.
+
+import (
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+// Version is stamped at image build time via -ldflags "-X
+// containr/internal/api.Version=…". "dev" disables the upgrade check.
+var Version = "dev"
+
+// notifyAdmins inserts a notification for every admin user. Best-effort.
+func notifyAdmins(db *database.DB, kind, title, body, resourceType, resourceID string) {
+	if db == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	rows, err := db.Query(`SELECT id FROM users WHERE is_admin`)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("containr: notify admins lookup failed: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var id uuid.UUID
+		if err := rows.Scan(&id); err == nil {
+			insertUserNotification(db, id.String(), kind, title, body, resourceType, resourceID)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// StartAgentHealthSweep marks agents offline when their heartbeat goes
+// stale (and back online when it resumes), notifying admins on each
+// transition. Heartbeats keep the row fresh via UpdateAgentHeartbeat.
+func StartAgentHealthSweep(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB) {
+	const staleAfter = 3 * time.Minute
+	go func() {
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(time.Minute)
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case <-ticker.C:
+				reconcileAgentHealth(db, staleAfter)
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+}
+
+type agentHealthRow struct {
+	id        string
+	name      string
+	status    string
+	stale     bool
+	autoPrune bool
+}
+
+func reconcileAgentHealth(db *database.DB, staleAfter time.Duration) {
+	cutoff := time.Now().Add(-staleAfter)
+	var agents []agentHealthRow
+	rows, err := db.Query(
+		`SELECT id, COALESCE(name, hostname, id::text), COALESCE(status, ''),
+		        COALESCE(last_heartbeat < $1, TRUE), auto_prune
+		 FROM node_agents`, cutoff)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("containr: agent health sweep: %v", err)
+		return
+	}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var a agentHealthRow
+		if err := rows.Scan(&a.id, &a.name, &a.status, &a.stale, &a.autoPrune); err == nil {
+			agents = append(agents, a)
+		}
+	}
+	rows.Close()
+
+	for _, a := range agents {
+		switch {
+		case a.stale && a.status != "offline":
+			if _, err := db.Exec(
+				`UPDATE node_agents SET status = 'offline', updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1`, a.id); err != nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			notifyAdmins(db, "agent", "Node agent offline",
+				fmt.Sprintf("Agent %s missed its heartbeat for over %s.", a.name, staleAfter), "agent", a.id)
+		case !a.stale && a.status == "offline":
+			if _, err := db.Exec(
+				`UPDATE node_agents SET status = 'online', updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $1`, a.id); err != nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			notifyAdmins(db, "agent", "Node agent back online",
+				fmt.Sprintf("Agent %s resumed heartbeating.", a.name), "agent", a.id)
+		}
+	}
+
+	scheduleAutoPrune(db, agents)
+}
+
+// scheduleAutoPrune enqueues a `prune` command once per day for agents
+// with auto_prune enabled. Disk pressure is the most common small-VPS
+// failure — this is the dflow setServerAutoCleanup analog.
+func scheduleAutoPrune(db *database.DB, agents []agentHealthRow) {
+	q := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	for _, a := range agents {
+		if !a.autoPrune || a.stale {
+			continue
+		}
+		last, err := q.GetLastAgentCommandByType(context.Background(),
+			sqlcdb.GetLastAgentCommandByTypeParams{NodeAgentID: a.id, Type: "prune"})
+		if err == nil && last.CreatedAt.Valid && time.Since(last.CreatedAt.Time) < 24*time.Hour {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, err := q.CreateCommand(context.Background(), sqlcdb.CreateCommandParams{
+			ID:          uuid.New().String(),
+			Type:        "prune",
+			NodeAgentID: a.id,
+		}); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("containr: auto-prune enqueue failed for agent %s: %v", a.id, err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// StartUpgradeCheck polls GitHub for the latest release once a day and
+// notifies admins when it is newer than the running version. The last
+// notified tag is persisted in app_settings so restarts don't re-fire.
+func StartUpgradeCheck(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, currentVersion string) {
+	if currentVersion == "" || currentVersion == "dev" {
+		return
+	}
+	go func() {
+		checkForUpgrade(db, currentVersion)
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(24 * time.Hour)
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case <-ticker.C:
+				checkForUpgrade(db, currentVersion)
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+}
+
+func checkForUpgrade(db *database.DB, currentVersion string) {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 15*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet,
+		"https://api.github.com/repos/Dvorinka/Containr/releases/latest", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/vnd.github+json")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "containr-upgrade-check")
+	resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return
+	}
+	var release struct {
+		TagName string `json:"tag_name"`
+		HTMLURL string `json:"html_url"`
+	}
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&release); err != nil || release.TagName == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	if !semverNewer(release.TagName, currentVersion) {
+		return
+	}
+
+	var lastNotified string
+	_ = db.QueryRow(`SELECT value FROM app_settings WHERE key = 'upgrade_notified_tag'`).Scan(&lastNotified)
+	if lastNotified == release.TagName {
+		return
+	}
+	notifyAdmins(db, "upgrade", "Containr update available",
+		fmt.Sprintf("Release %s is available (running %s). %s", release.TagName, currentVersion, release.HTMLURL),
+		"release", release.TagName)
+	_, _ = db.Exec(
+		`INSERT INTO app_settings (key, value, updated_at) VALUES ('upgrade_notified_tag', $1, NOW())
+		 ON CONFLICT (key) DO UPDATE SET value = $1, updated_at = NOW()`, release.TagName)
+}
+
+// semverNewer reports whether candidate is a higher semver than current.
+// Non-semver input (e.g. "dev", commit hashes) compares false.
+func semverNewer(candidate, current string) bool {
+	parse := func(s string) ([]int, bool) {
+		s = strings.TrimPrefix(strings.TrimSpace(s), "v")
+		// Prerelease/build metadata sorts after the same base version
+		// upstream — for "is a newer release available" purposes the base
+		// comparison is what matters.
+		if j := strings.IndexAny(s, "-+"); j >= 0 {
+			s = s[:j]
+		}
+		parts := strings.Split(s, ".")
+		if len(parts) == 0 || len(parts) > 3 {
+			return nil, false
+		}
+		out := make([]int, 3)
+		for i, p := range parts {
+			n, err := strconv.Atoi(p)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, false
+			}
+			out[i] = n
+		}
+		return out, true
+	}
+	c, ok1 := parse(candidate)
+	cur, ok2 := parse(current)
+	if !ok1 || !ok2 {
+		return false
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
+		if c[i] != cur[i] {
+			return c[i] > cur[i]
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}

app/backend/internal/api/notification_producers_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package api
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestSemverNewer(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		candidate, current string
+		want               bool
+	}{
+		{"v1.2.3", "v1.2.2", true},
+		{"1.3.0", "v1.2.9", true},
+		{"v2.0.0", "v1.9.9", true},
+		{"v1.2.3", "v1.2.3", false},
+		{"v1.2.0", "v1.2.3", false},
+		{"v1.10.0", "v1.9.9", true}, // numeric, not lexicographic
+		{"dev", "v1.0.0", false},
+		{"v1.0.0", "main", false},
+		{"v1.2.3-rc.1", "v1.2.2", true}, // prerelease suffix tolerated
+		{"", "v1.0.0", false},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range cases {
+		if got := semverNewer(tc.candidate, tc.current); got != tc.want {
+			t.Errorf("semverNewer(%q, %q) = %v, want %v", tc.candidate, tc.current, got, tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/operations.go

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/deployqueue"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+)
+
+// GET /operations — a single cross-cutting view of platform work: active
+// and recent deployments, the per-service deploy queue, recent cron runs,
+// and recent backups. Scoped to the caller's projects (admins see all).
+
+type operationDeployment struct {
+	ID          string     `json:"id"`
+	ServiceID   string     `json:"service_id"`
+	ServiceName string     `json:"service_name"`
+	ProjectName string     `json:"project_name"`
+	Status      string     `json:"status"`
+	Image       string     `json:"image"`
+	Error       *string    `json:"error,omitempty"`
+	StartedAt   *time.Time `json:"started_at,omitempty"`
+	CompletedAt *time.Time `json:"completed_at,omitempty"`
+	CreatedAt   time.Time  `json:"created_at"`
+}
+
+type operationCronRun struct {
+	ID         string     `json:"id"`
+	JobName    string     `json:"job_name"`
+	Schedule   string     `json:"schedule"`
+	Status     string     `json:"status"`
+	StartedAt  time.Time  `json:"started_at"`
+	FinishedAt *time.Time `json:"finished_at,omitempty"`
+	Error      *string    `json:"error,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type operationBackup struct {
+	ID         string     `json:"id"`
+	DatabaseID string     `json:"database_id"`
+	DBName     string     `json:"database_name"`
+	Status     string     `json:"status"`
+	Size       string     `json:"size"`
+	CreatedAt  time.Time  `json:"created_at"`
+	Completed  *time.Time `json:"completed_at,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func handleGetOperations(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	isAdmin := contextIsAdmin(c)
+
+	// Same visibility rule as the deployment list endpoint.
+	visibility := `p.is_approved OR p.owner_id = $1 OR $2::bool
+	    OR EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM project_members pm WHERE pm.project_id = p.id AND pm.user_id = $1)`
+
+	active := []operationDeployment{}
+	rows, err := db.Query(
+		`SELECT d.id, d.service_id, s.name, p.name, d.status,
+		        COALESCE(d.image_name, ''), d.error, d.started_at, d.completed_at, d.created_at
+		 FROM deployments d
+		 JOIN services s ON s.id = d.service_id
+		 JOIN projects p ON p.id = s.project_id
+		 WHERE d.status IN ('queued','pending','building','deploying','rolling_back')
+		   AND (`+visibility+`)
+		 ORDER BY d.created_at ASC`, userID, isAdmin)
+	if err == nil {
+		defer rows.Close()
+		for rows.Next() {
+			var d operationDeployment
+			var sid string
+			_ = rows.Scan(&d.ID, &sid, &d.ServiceName, &d.ProjectName, &d.Status, &d.Image, &d.Error, &d.StartedAt, &d.CompletedAt, &d.CreatedAt)
+			d.ServiceID = sid
+			active = append(active, d)
+		}
+	}
+
+	recentFailed := []operationDeployment{}
+	rows2, err2 := db.Query(
+		`SELECT d.id, d.service_id, s.name, p.name, d.status,
+		        COALESCE(d.image_name, ''), d.error, d.started_at, d.completed_at, d.created_at
+		 FROM deployments d
+		 JOIN services s ON s.id = d.service_id
+		 JOIN projects p ON p.id = s.project_id
+		 WHERE d.status IN ('failed','cancelled','rolled_back')
+		   AND d.updated_at > NOW() - INTERVAL '24 hours'
+		   AND (`+visibility+`)
+		 ORDER BY d.updated_at DESC
+		 LIMIT 20`, userID, isAdmin)
+	if err2 == nil {
+		defer rows2.Close()
+		for rows2.Next() {
+			var d operationDeployment
+			var sid string
+			_ = rows2.Scan(&d.ID, &sid, &d.ServiceName, &d.ProjectName, &d.Status, &d.Image, &d.Error, &d.StartedAt, &d.CompletedAt, &d.CreatedAt)
+			d.ServiceID = sid
+			recentFailed = append(recentFailed, d)
+		}
+	}
+
+	cronRuns := []operationCronRun{}
+	rows3, err3 := db.Query(
+		`SELECT e.id, j.name, j.schedule, e.status, e.started_at, e.finished_at, e.error
+		 FROM cron_executions e
+		 JOIN cron_jobs j ON j.id = e.cron_job_id
+		 JOIN projects p ON p.id = j.project_id
+		 WHERE e.started_at > NOW() - INTERVAL '24 hours'
+		   AND (`+visibility+`)
+		 ORDER BY e.started_at DESC
+		 LIMIT 30`, userID, isAdmin)
+	if err3 == nil {
+		defer rows3.Close()
+		for rows3.Next() {
+			var r operationCronRun
+			_ = rows3.Scan(&r.ID, &r.JobName, &r.Schedule, &r.Status, &r.StartedAt, &r.FinishedAt, &r.Error)
+			cronRuns = append(cronRuns, r)
+		}
+	}
+
+	backups := []operationBackup{}
+	rows4, err4 := db.Query(
+		`SELECT b.id, b.database_id, ds.name, b.status, b.size, b.created_at, b.completed_at
+		 FROM database_backups b
+		 JOIN database_services ds ON ds.id = b.database_id
+		 WHERE b.created_at > NOW() - INTERVAL '24 hours'
+		   AND (ds.user_id = $1 OR $2::bool)
+		 ORDER BY b.created_at DESC
+		 LIMIT 20`, userID, isAdmin)
+	if err4 == nil {
+		defer rows4.Close()
+		for rows4.Next() {
+			var b operationBackup
+			_ = rows4.Scan(&b.ID, &b.DatabaseID, &b.DBName, &b.Status, &b.Size, &b.CreatedAt, &b.Completed)
+			backups = append(backups, b)
+		}
+	}
+
+	var queue []deployqueue.ServiceQueueState
+	if queueValue, exists := c.Get("deploy_queue"); exists && queueValue != nil {
+		queue = queueValue.(*deployqueue.Queue).Snapshot()
+	}
+	if queue == nil {
+		queue = []deployqueue.ServiceQueueState{}
+	}
+
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"active_deployments": active,
+		"recent_failures":    recentFailed,
+		"cron_runs":          cronRuns,
+		"backups":            backups,
+		"deploy_queue":       queue,
+	})
+}

app/backend/internal/api/pagination.go

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+)
+
+// pageWindow parses pagination from either ?page=&limit= (legacy) or
+// ?cursor=&limit= (agent-friendly). The cursor is an opaque base64 offset —
+// cheap to implement over the existing offset queries while the public
+// contract stays cursor-shaped for clients.
+func pageWindow(c *gin.Context, defaultLimit, maxLimit int) (offset, limit int) {
+	limit = defaultLimit
+	if v := c.Query("limit"); v != "" {
+		if n, err := strconv.Atoi(v); err == nil && n > 0 && n <= maxLimit {
+			limit = n
+		}
+	}
+	if cur := c.Query("cursor"); cur != "" {
+		if raw, err := base64.RawURLEncoding.DecodeString(strings.TrimPrefix(cur, "o_")); err == nil {
+			if n, err := strconv.Atoi(string(raw)); err == nil && n >= 0 {
+				return n, limit
+			}
+		}
+		return 0, limit // invalid cursor → first page, fail soft
+	}
+	page, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("page", "1"))
+	if page < 1 {
+		page = 1
+	}
+	return (page - 1) * limit, limit
+}
+
+// paginationMeta renders the standard envelope: legacy page fields plus
+// next_cursor when another page exists.
+func paginationMeta(offset, limit, total int) gin.H {
+	page := offset/limit + 1
+	meta := gin.H{
+		"page":  page,
+		"limit": limit,
+		"total": total,
+		"pages": (total + limit - 1) / limit,
+	}
+	if offset+limit < total {
+		meta["next_cursor"] = "o_" + base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(fmt.Sprint(offset+limit)))
+	}
+	return meta
+}

app/backend/internal/api/pagination_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+)
+
+func ctxWithQuery(q string) *gin.Context {
+	gin.SetMode(gin.TestMode)
+	c, _ := gin.CreateTestContext(httptest.NewRecorder())
+	c.Request = httptest.NewRequest("GET", "/x?"+q, nil)
+	return c
+}
+
+func TestPageWindowDefaults(t *testing.T) {
+	offset, limit := pageWindow(ctxWithQuery(""), 10, 100)
+	if offset != 0 || limit != 10 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 0/10, got %d/%d", offset, limit)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPageWindowLegacyPage(t *testing.T) {
+	offset, limit := pageWindow(ctxWithQuery("page=3&limit=20"), 10, 100)
+	if offset != 40 || limit != 20 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 40/20, got %d/%d", offset, limit)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPageWindowCursor(t *testing.T) {
+	// cursor for offset 50 produced by paginationMeta
+	meta := paginationMeta(0, 50, 200)
+	cursor := meta["next_cursor"].(string)
+	offset, limit := pageWindow(ctxWithQuery("cursor="+cursor+"&limit=50"), 10, 100)
+	if offset != 50 || limit != 50 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 50/50, got %d/%d", offset, limit)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPageWindowInvalidCursorFailsSoft(t *testing.T) {
+	offset, _ := pageWindow(ctxWithQuery("cursor=garbage"), 10, 100)
+	if offset != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected offset 0 on invalid cursor, got %d", offset)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPaginationMetaNextCursorOnlyWhenMore(t *testing.T) {
+	if _, ok := paginationMeta(0, 10, 10)["next_cursor"]; ok {
+		t.Fatal("no next page should omit next_cursor")
+	}
+	if _, ok := paginationMeta(0, 10, 25)["next_cursor"]; !ok {
+		t.Fatal("expected next_cursor when more pages exist")
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/projects.go

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
 	"errors"
+	"log"
 	"net/http"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -55,18 +55,9 @@ func handleGetProjects(c *gin.Context) {
 	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
 	queries := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
 
-	page, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("page", "1"))
-	limit, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.DefaultQuery("limit", "10"))
+	offset, limit := pageWindow(c, 10, 100)
 	search := strings.TrimSpace(c.DefaultQuery("search", ""))
 
-	if page < 1 {
-		page = 1
-	}
-	if limit > 100 || limit < 1 {
-		limit = 10
-	}
-	offset := (page - 1) * limit
-
 	searchParam := sql.NullString{}
 	if search != "" {
 		searchParam = sql.NullString{String: search, Valid: true}
@@ -99,15 +90,9 @@ func handleGetProjects(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	totalCount := int(total)
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
-		"projects": projects,
-		"pagination": gin.H{
-			"page":  page,
-			"limit": limit,
-			"total": totalCount,
-			"pages": (totalCount + limit - 1) / limit,
-		},
+		"projects":   projects,
+		"pagination": paginationMeta(offset, limit, int(total)),
 	})
 }
 
@@ -168,6 +153,7 @@ func handleCreateProject(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "project", projectRow.ID.String(), "project.create", map[string]interface{}{"name": req.Name})
 	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, mapSQLCProject(projectRow))
 }
 
@@ -313,6 +299,28 @@ func handleDeleteProject(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	// Managed databases provisioned into this project (graph templates,
+	// compose imports) carry project_id and must be torn down first — their
+	// containers are not labelled containr.project and hold references to the
+	// project network.
+	if dbHandlerValue, exists := c.Get("database_handler"); exists && dbHandlerValue != nil {
+		if dbHandler, ok := dbHandlerValue.(*DatabaseHandler); ok {
+			ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(c.Request.Context(), 30*time.Second)
+			projectDBs, listErr := dbHandler.queries.ListDatabaseServicesByProject(ctx, uuid.NullUUID{UUID: projectID, Valid: true})
+			if listErr == nil {
+				for _, projectDB := range projectDBs {
+					if projectDB.Provider != "external" {
+						if err := dbHandler.deleteManagedDatabaseRuntime(projectDB.ID); err != nil {
+							log.Printf("delete project %s: database %s runtime removal failed: %v", projectID, projectDB.ID, err)
+						}
+					}
+					_ = dbHandler.queries.DeleteDatabaseServiceByID(ctx, projectDB.ID)
+				}
+			}
+			cancel()
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Remove live containers and the project network before dropping rows.
 	// Best-effort: Docker may be unavailable; DB cleanup proceeds regardless.
 	if engineValue, exists := c.Get("deployment_engine"); exists && engineValue != nil {
@@ -333,6 +341,7 @@ func handleDeleteProject(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "project", projectID.String(), "project.delete", nil)
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "Project deleted successfully"})
 }
 

app/backend/internal/api/projectvars.go

@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/secrets"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+// Project-level shared variables — referenced from service env values as
+// ${{shared.KEY}} and resolved at runtime in resolveServiceEnv.
+
+type ProjectVariable struct {
+	ID        uuid.UUID `json:"id" db:"id"`
+	ProjectID uuid.UUID `json:"project_id" db:"project_id"`
+	Key       string    `json:"key" db:"key"`
+	Value     string    `json:"value" db:"value"`
+	IsSecret  bool      `json:"is_secret" db:"is_secret"`
+	CreatedAt time.Time `json:"created_at" db:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt time.Time `json:"updated_at" db:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+func handleGetProjectVariables(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Database connection not available"})
+		return
+	}
+	projectID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "Invalid project ID"})
+		return
+	}
+	if _, allowed := projectManageAccess(c, db.(*database.DB), projectID); !allowed {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	rows, err := db.(*database.DB).Query(
+		`SELECT id, project_id, key, value, is_secret, created_at, updated_at
+		 FROM project_variables WHERE project_id = $1 ORDER BY key ASC`,
+		projectID,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to retrieve variables"})
+		return
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	variables := []ProjectVariable{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var v ProjectVariable
+		if err := rows.Scan(&v.ID, &v.ProjectID, &v.Key, &v.Value, &v.IsSecret, &v.CreatedAt, &v.UpdatedAt); err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to scan variable"})
+			return
+		}
+		if v.IsSecret {
+			v.Value = maskedSecretValue
+		}
+		variables = append(variables, v)
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"variables": variables})
+}
+
+func handleUpdateProjectVariables(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Database connection not available"})
+		return
+	}
+	projectID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "Invalid project ID"})
+		return
+	}
+	if _, allowed := projectManageAccess(c, db.(*database.DB), projectID); !allowed {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var req UpdateVariablesRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+		return
+	}
+
+	storedSecrets := map[string]string{}
+	secretRows, err := db.(*database.DB).Query(
+		`SELECT key, value FROM project_variables WHERE project_id = $1 AND is_secret = TRUE`,
+		projectID,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to load existing variables"})
+		return
+	}
+	for secretRows.Next() {
+		var k, v string
+		if err := secretRows.Scan(&k, &v); err == nil {
+			storedSecrets[k] = v
+		}
+	}
+	secretRows.Close()
+
+	tx, err := db.(*database.DB).Begin()
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to begin transaction"})
+		return
+	}
+	defer tx.Rollback()
+
+	if _, err = tx.Exec(`DELETE FROM project_variables WHERE project_id = $1`, projectID); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to clear existing variables"})
+		return
+	}
+	now := time.Now()
+	for _, v := range req.Variables {
+		value := v.Value
+		if v.IsSecret && value == maskedSecretValue {
+			if stored, ok := storedSecrets[v.Key]; ok {
+				value = stored
+			}
+		}
+		if v.IsSecret {
+			value = secrets.Encrypt(value)
+		}
+		if _, err = tx.Exec(
+			`INSERT INTO project_variables (id, project_id, key, value, is_secret, created_at, updated_at)
+			 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7)`,
+			uuid.New(), projectID, v.Key, value, v.IsSecret, now, now,
+		); err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to insert variable: " + v.Key})
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	if err = tx.Commit(); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to commit transaction"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	rows, err := db.(*database.DB).Query(
+		`SELECT id, project_id, key, value, is_secret, created_at, updated_at
+		 FROM project_variables WHERE project_id = $1 ORDER BY key ASC`,
+		projectID,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to retrieve variables"})
+		return
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	variables := []ProjectVariable{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var v ProjectVariable
+		if err := rows.Scan(&v.ID, &v.ProjectID, &v.Key, &v.Value, &v.IsSecret, &v.CreatedAt, &v.UpdatedAt); err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if v.IsSecret {
+			v.Value = maskedSecretValue
+		}
+		variables = append(variables, v)
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"variables": variables, "message": "Project variables updated successfully"})
+}
+
+// resolveSharedVar returns the decrypted value of a project variable.
+func resolveSharedVar(db *database.DB, projectID uuid.UUID, key string) (string, bool) {
+	var value string
+	err := db.QueryRow(
+		`SELECT value FROM project_variables WHERE project_id = $1 AND key = $2`,
+		projectID, key,
+	).Scan(&value)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", false
+	}
+	return secrets.Decrypt(value), true
+}

app/backend/internal/api/registries.go

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/secrets"
+
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/registry"
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+// Registry is a stored credential for pulling private images. Password is
+// encrypted at rest and never returned — `has_password` signals presence.
+type Registry struct {
+	ID          uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	Name        string    `json:"name"`
+	Host        string    `json:"host"` // e.g. ghcr.io, registry.example.com; docker.io for Docker Hub
+	Username    string    `json:"username"`
+	HasPassword bool      `json:"has_password"`
+	CreatedAt   time.Time `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt   time.Time `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+type registryRequest struct {
+	Name     string `json:"name" binding:"required,min=1,max=255"`
+	Host     string `json:"host" binding:"required,min=1,max=255"`
+	Username string `json:"username"`
+	Password string `json:"password"`
+}
+
+func handleListRegistries(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Database connection not available"})
+		return
+	}
+	userID, _ := c.Get("user_id")
+	rows, err := db.(*database.DB).Query(
+		`SELECT id, name, host, username, password <> '', created_at, updated_at
+		 FROM registries WHERE owner_id = $1 ORDER BY created_at DESC`,
+		userID.(string),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to list registries"})
+		return
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	registries := []Registry{}
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var r Registry
+		if err := rows.Scan(&r.ID, &r.Name, &r.Host, &r.Username, &r.HasPassword, &r.CreatedAt, &r.UpdatedAt); err == nil {
+			registries = append(registries, r)
+		}
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"registries": registries})
+}
+
+func handleCreateRegistry(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Database connection not available"})
+		return
+	}
+	userID, _ := c.Get("user_id")
+
+	var req registryRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	req.Host = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(req.Host))
+	req.Host = strings.TrimPrefix(strings.TrimPrefix(req.Host, "https://"), "http://")
+	req.Host = strings.TrimSuffix(req.Host, "/")
+
+	// Encrypt only a real credential — encrypting "" would still satisfy
+	// `password <> ''` and report has_password for anonymous registries.
+	password := ""
+	if req.Password != "" {
+		password = secrets.Encrypt(req.Password)
+	}
+	var r Registry
+	err := db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
+		`INSERT INTO registries (owner_id, name, host, username, password)
+		 VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5)
+		 RETURNING id, name, host, username, password <> '', created_at, updated_at`,
+		userID.(string), req.Name, req.Host, req.Username, password,
+	).Scan(&r.ID, &r.Name, &r.Host, &r.Username, &r.HasPassword, &r.CreatedAt, &r.UpdatedAt)
+	if err != nil {
+		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unique") {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": "A registry for this host already exists", "code": "CONFLICT"})
+			return
+		}
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to create registry"})
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{"registry": r})
+}
+
+func handleUpdateRegistry(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Database connection not available"})
+		return
+	}
+	userID, _ := c.Get("user_id")
+	registryID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "Invalid registry ID", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var req registryRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	req.Host = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(req.Host))
+	req.Host = strings.TrimPrefix(strings.TrimPrefix(req.Host, "https://"), "http://")
+	req.Host = strings.TrimSuffix(req.Host, "/")
+
+	// Empty password keeps the stored credential — there is no "clear"
+	// operation; delete + recreate to remove a password.
+	var passwordArg interface{}
+	if req.Password != "" {
+		passwordArg = secrets.Encrypt(req.Password)
+	}
+
+	var r Registry
+	err = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
+		`UPDATE registries SET name = $1, host = $2, username = $3,
+				password = COALESCE($4, password), updated_at = now()
+		 WHERE id = $5 AND owner_id = $6
+		 RETURNING id, name, host, username, password <> '', created_at, updated_at`,
+		req.Name, req.Host, req.Username, passwordArg, registryID, userID.(string),
+	).Scan(&r.ID, &r.Name, &r.Host, &r.Username, &r.HasPassword, &r.CreatedAt, &r.UpdatedAt)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Registry not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"registry": r})
+}
+
+func handleDeleteRegistry(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Database connection not available"})
+		return
+	}
+	userID, _ := c.Get("user_id")
+	registryID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "Invalid registry ID", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	res, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+		`DELETE FROM registries WHERE id = $1 AND owner_id = $2`,
+		registryID, userID.(string),
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to delete registry"})
+		return
+	}
+	if n, _ := res.RowsAffected(); n == 0 {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Registry not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "Registry deleted"})
+}
+
+// registryAuthFor resolves pull credentials for an image reference: the
+// caller's registry whose host matches, else anonymous. docker.io covers
+// bare image names (nginx:latest).
+func registryAuthFor(db *database.DB, ownerID, imageRef string) registry.AuthConfig {
+	host := registryHost(imageRef)
+	var username, password string
+	err := db.QueryRow(
+		`SELECT username, password FROM registries WHERE owner_id = $1 AND host = $2`,
+		ownerID, host,
+	).Scan(&username, &password)
+	if err != nil {
+		return registry.AuthConfig{}
+	}
+	return registry.AuthConfig{
+		Username:      username,
+		Password:      secrets.Decrypt(password),
+		ServerAddress: host,
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/resources_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package api
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestParseCPUReserveShares(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := map[string]int64{
+		"":      0,
+		"0":     0,
+		"-1":    0,
+		"abc":   0,
+		"0.25":  256,
+		"1":     1024,
+		"2.5":   2560,
+		" 0.5 ": 512,
+	}
+	for in, want := range cases {
+		if got := parseCPUReserveShares(in); got != want {
+			t.Errorf("parseCPUReserveShares(%q) = %d, want %d", in, got, want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidateResourceSpecs(t *testing.T) {
+	if err := validateCPUSpec(""); err != nil {
+		t.Error("empty cpu should pass")
+	}
+	if err := validateCPUSpec("0.5"); err != nil {
+		t.Error("0.5 should be valid cpu")
+	}
+	if err := validateCPUSpec("512mb"); err == nil {
+		t.Error("512mb should fail cpu validation")
+	}
+	if err := validateMemorySpec(""); err != nil {
+		t.Error("empty memory should pass")
+	}
+	if err := validateMemorySpec("512Mi"); err != nil {
+		t.Error("512Mi should be valid memory")
+	}
+	if err := validateMemorySpec("1g"); err != nil {
+		t.Error("1g should be valid memory")
+	}
+	if err := validateMemorySpec("0.5"); err == nil {
+		t.Error("0.5 should fail memory validation (parses to <1 byte)")
+	}
+	if err := validateMemorySpec("lots"); err == nil {
+		t.Error("'lots' should fail memory validation")
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/routes.go

@@ -4,22 +4,30 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"log"
 	"net/http"
+	"os"
 	"time"
 
 	"containr/internal/build"
 	"containr/internal/config"
 	"containr/internal/database"
 	"containr/internal/deployment"
+	"containr/internal/deployqueue"
 	"containr/internal/docker"
 	"containr/internal/ha"
 	"containr/internal/metrics"
 	"containr/internal/middleware"
 	"containr/internal/scaling"
+	"containr/internal/secrets"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 )
 
 func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg *config.Config) {
+	// Audit + outbound webhook delivery need a package-level handle for
+	// call sites that don't carry a gin context.
+	SetAuditDB(db)
+	StartWebhookDispatcher()
+
 	// Expose Better Auth through backend so frontend can use a single backend origin.
 	setupAuthProxyRoutes(router, cfg, db)
 
@@ -35,6 +43,9 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 		dockerClient = client
 		buildManager = build.NewBuildManager("/tmp/containr-builds", dockerClient)
 		deploymentEngine = deployment.NewDeploymentEngine(buildManager, dockerClient)
+		// Node-pinned services dispatch container lifecycle to the agent's
+		// command queue instead of the local Docker socket.
+		deploymentEngine.SetNodeRunner(newAgentNodeRunner(db))
 		// Restore managed sidecars (e.g. cloudflared) from saved settings.
 		syncManagedContainers(dockerClient, db)
 	}
@@ -95,9 +106,61 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 	// Start the cron scheduler — executes due cron_jobs via docker exec.
 	StartCronScheduler(context.Background(), db, dockerClient)
 
+	// Sleep sweeper — scales idle services to zero and prunes wake containers.
+	StartSleepSweeper(context.Background(), db, dockerClient, deploymentEngine, cfg.Port)
+
+	// Audit retention — prunes rows past AUDIT_RETENTION_DAYS (default 90).
+	StartAuditRetention(context.Background(), db)
+
+	// Agent health — marks stale heartbeats offline, notifies admins on
+	// offline/recovery transitions.
+	StartAgentHealthSweep(context.Background(), db)
+
+	// Daily upgrade check — notifies admins when a newer release exists.
+	StartUpgradeCheck(context.Background(), db, Version)
+
 	// Initialize database handler
 	databaseHandler := NewDatabaseHandler(db.DB, dockerClient)
 
+	// Per-service serialized deploy queue — one active deployment per
+	// service, the rest wait as 'queued'.
+	deployQueue := deployqueue.New()
+
+	// Encrypt-at-rest for secret env vars. SECRETS_KEY wins, JWT_SECRET is
+	// the fallback so existing installs need no new config.
+	secrets.Configure(os.Getenv("SECRETS_KEY"), cfg.JWTSecret)
+
+	// Boot sweep: in-memory engine state dies on restart, so anything that
+	// looked in-flight is actually orphaned — mark it failed rather than
+	// leaving phantom 'building'/'queued' rows.
+	_, _ = db.Exec(
+		`UPDATE deployments SET status = 'failed', error = 'Interrupted by server restart', completed_at = NOW(), updated_at = NOW()
+		 WHERE status IN ('queued', 'pending', 'building', 'deploying', 'rolling_back')`,
+	)
+
+	// Boot sweep: encrypt any plaintext secret values left over from before
+	// encryption-at-rest landed. Transparent and idempotent.
+	if encRows, err := db.Query(`SELECT id, value FROM environment_variables WHERE is_secret = TRUE`); err == nil {
+		type encRow struct {
+			id    string
+			value string
+		}
+		var toEncrypt []encRow
+		for encRows.Next() {
+			var r encRow
+			if err := encRows.Scan(&r.id, &r.value); err == nil && !secrets.IsEncrypted(r.value) {
+				toEncrypt = append(toEncrypt, r)
+			}
+		}
+		encRows.Close()
+		for _, r := range toEncrypt {
+			_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE environment_variables SET value = $1, updated_at = NOW() WHERE id = $2`, secrets.Encrypt(r.value), r.id)
+		}
+		if len(toEncrypt) > 0 {
+			log.Printf("secrets: encrypted %d plaintext secret variable(s)", len(toEncrypt))
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Initialize security handler
 	securityHandler := NewSecurityHandler(db, cfg.JWTSecret)
 
@@ -115,6 +178,8 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 		if deploymentEngine != nil {
 			c.Set("deployment_engine", deploymentEngine)
 		}
+		c.Set("deploy_queue", deployQueue)
+		c.Set("api_port", cfg.Port)
 		c.Set("scheduler", scheduler)
 		c.Set("metrics_collector", metricsCollector)
 		c.Set("auto_scaler", autoScaler)
@@ -197,6 +262,10 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 	// replaces session auth. Providers POST to /api/git/webhooks/:id.
 	router.POST("/api/git/webhooks/:id", handleGitWebhookPush)
 
+	// GitHub App-level webhook: installed repos deliver to this single
+	// endpoint, verified against the provisioned webhook secret.
+	router.POST("/api/git/github-app/webhook", handleGitHubAppWebhook)
+
 	v1 := router.Group("/api/v1")
 	{
 		// Public routes (no authentication required)
@@ -205,6 +274,17 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 			public.GET("/auth/bootstrap", handleAuthBootstrap)
 			public.POST("/auth/login", handleLogin)
 			public.POST("/auth/register", handleRegister)
+			public.GET("/maintenance", handleMaintenancePage)
+			public.GET("/branding", handleGetBranding)
+
+			// Invite accept flow — validates the link, then registers
+			// even while public signup is closed.
+			public.GET("/auth/invites/:token", handleGetInvite)
+			public.POST("/auth/accept-invite", handleAcceptInvite)
+
+			// Wake callback for sleep-mode placeholders. Unauthenticated but
+			// non-destructive: it only reconciles the service back to running.
+			public.Any("/internal/wake/:id", handleServiceWake)
 		}
 
 		// Read routes — public browsing. OptionalAuth resolves a session when
@@ -225,6 +305,9 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 			read.GET("/services/:id/metrics", handleGetServiceMetrics)
 			read.GET("/services/:id/runtime", handleGetServiceRuntime)
 			read.GET("/services/:id/deployments", handleGetDeployments)
+			read.GET("/services/:id/domains", handleListServiceDomains)
+			read.GET("/services/:id/domains/check", handleCheckServiceDomains)
+			read.GET("/services/:id/env-check", handleServiceEnvCheck)
 			read.GET("/deployments", handleGetRecentDeployments)
 			read.GET("/deployments/:id", handleGetDeployment)
 
@@ -256,10 +339,16 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 		// enforce ownership; platform admins additionally pass every check.
 		authed := v1.Group("/")
 		authed.Use(middleware.Auth(cfg.JWTSecret))
+		authed.Use(middleware.Idempotency())
 		{
 			authed.GET("/user/profile", handleGetProfile)
 			authed.PUT("/user/profile", handleUpdateProfile)
 
+			// Personal access tokens for CLI/MCP/agent auth.
+			authed.GET("/user/tokens", handleListUserTokens)
+			authed.POST("/user/tokens", handleCreateUserToken)
+			authed.DELETE("/user/tokens/:id", handleDeleteUserToken)
+
 			authed.GET("/notifications", handleListNotifications)
 			authed.POST("/notifications/:id/read", handleMarkNotificationRead)
 			authed.POST("/notifications/read-all", handleMarkAllNotificationsRead)
@@ -267,27 +356,60 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 			// WebSocket endpoint
 			authed.GET("/ws", handleWebSocket)
 
+			// Cross-cutting ops view — active/queued/failed work
+			authed.GET("/operations", handleGetOperations)
+			authed.GET("/nodes/options", agentHandler.ListNodeOptions)
+			authed.GET("/activity", handleGetActivity)
+			authed.GET("/projects/:id/activity", handleGetProjectActivity)
+
+			// Instance announcements shown to all signed-in users
+			authed.GET("/banners/active", handleListActiveBanners)
+
+			// Outbound webhooks — signed event delivery to user HTTP endpoints
+			authed.GET("/webhooks", handleListOutboundWebhooks)
+			authed.POST("/webhooks", handleCreateOutboundWebhook)
+			authed.PATCH("/webhooks/:id", handleUpdateOutboundWebhook)
+			authed.DELETE("/webhooks/:id", handleDeleteOutboundWebhook)
+			authed.GET("/webhooks/:id/deliveries", handleListOutboundWebhookDeliveries)
+			authed.POST("/webhooks/:id/test", handleTestOutboundWebhook)
+
 			// Owned-resource mutations — handlers scope to the caller and
 			// admit admins. New projects land unapproved until an admin
 			// publishes them.
 			authed.POST("/projects", handleCreateProject)
 			authed.POST("/projects/:id/services", handleCreateService)
+			authed.POST("/projects/:id/import-compose", handleImportProjectCompose)
 			authed.PUT("/projects/:id", handleUpdateProject)
 			authed.DELETE("/projects/:id", handleDeleteProject)
 
 			authed.PUT("/services/:id", handleUpdateService)
 			authed.DELETE("/services/:id", handleDeleteService)
+			authed.POST("/services/:id/domains", handleAddServiceDomain)
+			authed.DELETE("/services/:id/domains/:domain_id", handleDeleteServiceDomain)
+			authed.POST("/services/:id/domains/:domain_id/default", handleSetDefaultDomain)
 			authed.POST("/services/:id/start", handleServiceStart)
 			authed.POST("/services/:id/stop", handleServiceStop)
 			authed.POST("/services/:id/restart", handleServiceRestart)
+			authed.POST("/services/:id/sleep", handleServiceSleep)
+			authed.POST("/services/:id/wake", handleServiceWakeNow)
 			authed.POST("/services/:id/redeploy", handleServiceRedeploy)
+			authed.POST("/services/:id/clone", handleCloneService)
+			authed.POST("/services/:id/move", handleMoveService)
 			authed.POST("/services/:id/deployments", handleCreateDeployment)
 			authed.POST("/deployments/:id/rollback", handleRollbackDeployment)
+			authed.POST("/deployments/:id/cancel", handleCancelDeployment)
+
+			// Interactive terminal — WebSocket → docker exec pty.
+			authed.GET("/services/:id/terminal", handleServiceTerminal)
 
 			// Environment variables — secrets, owner/admin only.
 			authed.GET("/services/:id/variables", handleGetVariables)
 			authed.PUT("/services/:id/variables", handleUpdateVariables)
 
+			// Project-level shared variables — ${{shared.KEY}} refs.
+			authed.GET("/projects/:id/variables", handleGetProjectVariables)
+			authed.PUT("/projects/:id/variables", handleUpdateProjectVariables)
+
 			// Runtime logs — container stdout routinely echoes secrets,
 			// so these stay behind authentication like build logs.
 			authed.GET("/services/:id/logs", handleGetLogs)
@@ -296,6 +418,19 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 			// One-off exec console (docker exec, 30s ceiling)
 			authed.POST("/services/:id/exec", handleExecInService)
 
+			// S3-compatible backup targets — owner-scoped, keys encrypted at rest.
+			authed.GET("/backup-targets", databaseHandler.ListBackupTargets)
+			authed.POST("/backup-targets", databaseHandler.CreateBackupTarget)
+			authed.PUT("/backup-targets/:id", databaseHandler.UpdateBackupTarget)
+			authed.DELETE("/backup-targets/:id", databaseHandler.DeleteBackupTarget)
+			authed.POST("/backup-targets/:id/test", databaseHandler.TestBackupTarget)
+
+			// Private-image registries — owner-scoped, credentials encrypted at rest.
+			authed.GET("/registries", handleListRegistries)
+			authed.POST("/registries", handleCreateRegistry)
+			authed.PUT("/registries/:id", handleUpdateRegistry)
+			authed.DELETE("/registries/:id", handleDeleteRegistry)
+
 			// Git integration — providers carry per-user credentials.
 			authed.GET("/git/github-app/install-url", handleGetGitHubAppInstallURL)
 			authed.POST("/git/github-app/connect", handleConnectGitHubApp)
@@ -319,11 +454,15 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 			authed.POST("/builds/plan", buildHandler.GetBuildPlan)
 
 			authed.POST("/databases", databaseHandler.CreateDatabase)
+			authed.POST("/databases/register-external", databaseHandler.RegisterExternalDatabase)
+			authed.POST("/databases/test-connection", databaseHandler.TestDatabaseConnection)
+			authed.POST("/databases/:id/test-connection", databaseHandler.TestDatabaseConnectionByID)
 			authed.PUT("/databases/:id", databaseHandler.UpdateDatabase)
 			authed.DELETE("/databases/:id", databaseHandler.DeleteDatabase)
 			authed.POST("/databases/:id/action", databaseHandler.PerformDatabaseAction)
 			authed.POST("/databases/:id/backup", databaseHandler.CreateBackup)
 			authed.POST("/databases/:id/restore", databaseHandler.RestoreBackup)
+			authed.POST("/databases/:id/backups/import", databaseHandler.ImportBackup)
 			authed.GET("/databases/:id/backups/:bid/download", databaseHandler.DownloadBackup)
 
 			authed.POST("/projects/:id/preview-environments", handleCreatePreviewEnvironment)
@@ -342,6 +481,9 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 			authed.PUT("/templates/:id", handleUpdateTemplate)
 			authed.DELETE("/templates/:id", handleDeleteTemplate)
 			authed.POST("/templates/:id/deploy", handleCreateFromTemplate)
+			authed.POST("/templates/:id/plan", handlePlanTemplate)
+			authed.POST("/templates/import/compose", handleImportCompose)
+			authed.POST("/templates/deploy", handleDeployInlineGraph)
 
 			authed.POST("/cron-jobs", handleCreateCronJob)
 			authed.PUT("/cron-jobs/:id", handleUpdateCronJob)
@@ -352,11 +494,13 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 		// Admin routes — platform-wide controls and cross-user management.
 		admin := v1.Group("/")
 		admin.Use(middleware.Auth(cfg.JWTSecret))
+		admin.Use(middleware.Idempotency())
 		admin.Use(middleware.RequireAdmin())
 		{
 			admin.GET("/admin/overview", handleAdminOverview)
 			admin.GET("/admin/users", handleAdminListUsers)
 			admin.PATCH("/admin/users/:id", handleAdminSetUserAdmin)
+			admin.POST("/admin/users/:id/impersonate", handleAdminImpersonateUser)
 			admin.PATCH("/admin/projects/:id", handleAdminSetProjectApproval)
 
 			admin.POST("/users", handleCreateUser)
@@ -372,6 +516,24 @@ func SetupRoutes(router *gin.Engine, db *database.DB, redis *database.Redis, cfg
 			scalingHandler.RegisterAdminRoutes(admin)
 			agentHandler.SetupAdminRoutes(admin)
 
+			admin.GET("/admin/volumes", handleAdminListVolumes)
+			admin.DELETE("/admin/volumes/:name", handleAdminDeleteVolume)
+
+			// Announcement banners
+			admin.GET("/admin/banners", handleAdminListBanners)
+			admin.POST("/admin/banners", handleAdminCreateBanner)
+			admin.PATCH("/admin/banners/:id", handleAdminUpdateBanner)
+			admin.DELETE("/admin/banners/:id", handleAdminDeleteBanner)
+
+			// GitHub App self-provisioning (manifest flow)
+			admin.GET("/admin/git/github-app", handleAdminGetGitHubApp)
+			admin.POST("/admin/git/github-app/manifest", handleAdminGitHubAppManifest)
+			admin.POST("/admin/git/github-app/convert", handleAdminGitHubAppConvert)
+
+			// Team invites — single-use registration links
+			admin.GET("/admin/invites", handleAdminListInvites)
+			admin.POST("/admin/invites", handleAdminCreateInvite)
+			admin.DELETE("/admin/invites/:id", handleAdminDeleteInvite)
 			admin.GET("/audit-logs", handleGetAuditLogs)
 			admin.GET("/audit-logs/:resource/:id", handleGetResourceAuditLogs)
 

app/backend/internal/api/runtime.go

@@ -11,11 +11,68 @@ import (
 
 	"containr/internal/database"
 	"containr/internal/deployment"
+	"containr/internal/deployqueue"
+	"containr/internal/secrets"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 )
 
+// remoteAgentsForService lists every agent holding inventory rows for the
+// service — covers pinned placements, spread replicas, and leftovers from a
+// since-cleared pin.
+func remoteAgentsForService(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) []string {
+	rows, err := db.Query(
+		`SELECT DISTINCT node_agent_id FROM container_instances WHERE service_id = $1`,
+		serviceID,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+	var ids []string
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var id string
+		if rows.Scan(&id) == nil && id != "" {
+			ids = append(ids, id)
+		}
+	}
+	return ids
+}
+
+// serviceLifecycle routes a start/stop/restart action to every agent holding
+// the service's replicas, then to the local Docker engine. Both run — a
+// service can't be pinned and local at once, but stale containers from a
+// cleared pin shouldn't survive a stop.
+func serviceLifecycle(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine, serviceID uuid.UUID, action string) error {
+	for _, agentID := range remoteAgentsForService(ctx, db, serviceID) {
+		if err := engine.ControlServiceOnNode(ctx, serviceID.String(), agentID, action); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	switch action {
+	case "start":
+		return engine.StartService(ctx, serviceID.String())
+	case "stop":
+		return engine.StopService(ctx, serviceID.String())
+	case "restart":
+		if err := engine.StopService(ctx, serviceID.String()); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return engine.StartService(ctx, serviceID.String())
+	}
+	return fmt.Errorf("unsupported lifecycle action %q", action)
+}
+
+// removeServiceRuntime tears down replicas wherever they run — remote nodes
+// (pinned or spread) and the local Docker host.
+func removeServiceRuntime(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine, serviceID uuid.UUID) {
+	for _, agentID := range remoteAgentsForService(ctx, db, serviceID) {
+		_ = engine.RemoveServiceContainersOnNode(ctx, serviceID.String(), agentID)
+	}
+	_ = engine.RemoveServiceContainers(ctx, serviceID.String())
+}
+
 // serviceRuntimeSpec builds the container spec for a service: stored env vars
 // merged with ${{Service.KEY}} references resolved across the project.
 func serviceRuntimeSpec(db *database.DB, service Service) (deployment.RuntimeSpec, error) {
@@ -35,6 +92,8 @@ func serviceRuntimeSpec(db *database.DB, service Service) (deployment.RuntimeSpe
 		Domain:        service.Domain,
 		HealthPath:    service.HealthCheckPath,
 		RestartPolicy: service.RestartPolicy,
+		NodeID:        serviceNodeID(db, service.ID),
+		Spread:        serviceSpread(db, service.ID),
 	}
 	// Best effort: reuse the host port from the last live deployment so the
 	// public URL survives restarts. Column exists post-migration; older DBs
@@ -51,6 +110,19 @@ func serviceRuntimeSpec(db *database.DB, service Service) (deployment.RuntimeSpe
 	}
 	spec.NanoCPUs = parseCPULimit(service.CPU)
 	spec.MemoryBytes = parseMemoryLimit(service.Memory)
+	spec.MemoryReserve = parseMemoryLimit(service.MemoryReserve)
+	spec.CPUShares = parseCPUReserveShares(service.CPUReserve)
+	if service.Builder == "static" && spec.Port == 0 {
+		// The static builder's image is nginx; expose its default port so
+		// Traefik has something to route to without extra config.
+		spec.Port = 80
+	}
+	spec.Volumes = loadServiceVolumes(db, service.ID)
+	spec.Domains = serviceDomainNames(db, service.ID, service.Domain)
+	spec.Maintenance, spec.BasicAuthUsers = serviceAccess(db, service.ID)
+	if spec.Maintenance {
+		spec.MaintenanceURL = maintenanceURL(db)
+	}
 	if spec.Port > 0 {
 		env["PORT"] = strconv.Itoa(service.Port)
 	}
@@ -78,7 +150,7 @@ func resolveServiceEnv(db *database.DB, service Service) (map[string]string, err
 		if err := rows.Scan(&k, &v); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
-		env[k] = v
+		env[k] = secrets.Decrypt(v)
 	}
 
 	var refServices []struct{ ID, Name string }
@@ -104,6 +176,9 @@ func resolveServiceEnv(db *database.DB, service Service) (map[string]string, err
 	}
 
 	resolve := func(serviceName, key string) (string, bool) {
+		if strings.EqualFold(serviceName, "shared") {
+			return resolveSharedVar(db, service.ProjectID, key)
+		}
 		id, ok := byName[strings.ToLower(serviceName)]
 		if !ok {
 			return "", false
@@ -126,7 +201,7 @@ func resolveServiceEnv(db *database.DB, service Service) (map[string]string, err
 		if err != nil {
 			return "", false
 		}
-		return value, true
+		return secrets.Decrypt(value), true
 	}
 
 	for k, v := range env {
@@ -152,6 +227,32 @@ func parseCPULimit(cpu string) int64 {
 	return int64(v * 1e9)
 }
 
+// parseCPUReserveShares maps a cpu fraction to Docker's relative share
+// weight: 1024 shares ≈ one CPU.
+func parseCPUReserveShares(cpu string) int64 {
+	v, err := strconv.ParseFloat(strings.TrimSpace(cpu), 64)
+	if err != nil || v <= 0 {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return int64(v * 1024)
+}
+
+// validateCPUSpec and validateMemorySpec reject values that silently parse
+// to zero — a typo like "512mb" must fail loudly instead of dropping the limit.
+func validateCPUSpec(v string) error {
+	if s := strings.TrimSpace(v); s != "" && parseCPULimit(s) <= 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("must be a positive cpu fraction (e.g. 0.5, 2)")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateMemorySpec(v string) error {
+	if s := strings.TrimSpace(v); s != "" && parseMemoryLimit(s) <= 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("must be bytes with unit (e.g. 256Mi, 1g)")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 var memUnits = map[string]int64{"k": 1e3, "m": 1e6, "g": 1e9, "ki": 1 << 10, "mi": 1 << 20, "gi": 1 << 30}
 
 func parseMemoryLimit(mem string) int64 {
@@ -207,6 +308,9 @@ func loadOwnedService(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB) (Service, bool) {
 		        COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
 		        COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
 		        COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
+		        COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
 		        s.created_at, s.updated_at, p.owner_id
 		 FROM services s JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
 		 WHERE s.id = $1`,
@@ -216,7 +320,9 @@ func loadOwnedService(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB) (Service, bool) {
 		&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
 		&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
 		&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt, &owner,
+		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
+		&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
+		&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt, &owner,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Service not found"})
@@ -250,6 +356,9 @@ func loadReadableService(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB) (Service, bool) {
 		        COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
 		        COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
 		        COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
+		        COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
 		        s.created_at, s.updated_at, s.project_id
 		 FROM services s
 		 WHERE s.id = $1`,
@@ -259,7 +368,9 @@ func loadReadableService(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB) (Service, bool) {
 		&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
 		&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
 		&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt, &projectID,
+		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
+		&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
+		&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt, &projectID,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Service not found"})
@@ -287,6 +398,7 @@ func handleGetServiceRuntime(c *gin.Context) {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 		return
 	}
+	mergeRemoteRuntime(c.Request.Context(), engine, service.ID.String(), state)
 	engine.ProbeServiceHealth(c.Request.Context(), state, service.ProjectID.String(), service.Name, service.Port, service.HealthCheckPath)
 	persistPublishedPort(db, service.ID, state.Ports)
 	if host := requestHostname(c); host != "" {
@@ -330,7 +442,7 @@ func handleServiceStart(c *gin.Context) {
 	if !ok {
 		return
 	}
-	if err := engine.StartService(c.Request.Context(), service.ID.String()); err != nil {
+	if err := serviceLifecycle(c.Request.Context(), db, engine, service.ID, "start"); err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 		return
 	}
@@ -348,7 +460,7 @@ func handleServiceStop(c *gin.Context) {
 	if !ok {
 		return
 	}
-	if err := engine.StopService(c.Request.Context(), service.ID.String()); err != nil {
+	if err := serviceLifecycle(c.Request.Context(), db, engine, service.ID, "stop"); err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 		return
 	}
@@ -367,11 +479,7 @@ func handleServiceRestart(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	ctx := c.Request.Context()
-	if err := engine.StopService(ctx, service.ID.String()); err != nil {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
-		return
-	}
-	if err := engine.StartService(ctx, service.ID.String()); err != nil {
+	if err := serviceLifecycle(ctx, db, engine, service.ID, "restart"); err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
 		return
 	}
@@ -381,6 +489,7 @@ func handleServiceRestart(c *gin.Context) {
 
 // handleServiceRedeploy re-applies the current spec: pulls the image for
 // image-sourced services and reconciles containers (env, ports, replicas).
+// Runs through the per-service deploy queue so it never overlaps a build.
 func handleServiceRedeploy(c *gin.Context) {
 	engine, db, ok := getRuntimeEngine(c)
 	if !ok {
@@ -406,7 +515,109 @@ func handleServiceRedeploy(c *gin.Context) {
 		}
 	}
 	service.Image = image
-	reconcileNow(c, engine, db, service)
+
+	finished := make(chan struct{})
+	var recErr error
+	var state *deployment.RuntimeState
+	getDeployQueue(c).Enqueue(service.ID, deployqueue.Job{Run: func(jctx context.Context) {
+		defer close(finished)
+		state, recErr = reconcileServiceJob(jctx, db, engine, service)
+	}})
+
+	select {
+	case <-finished:
+		if recErr != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadGateway, gin.H{"error": recErr.Error()})
+			return
+		}
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"runtime": state})
+	case <-c.Request.Context().Done():
+		c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{"status": "queued"})
+	}
+}
+
+// reconcileServiceJob is the shared queue-job body for redeploy paths:
+// build the spec from current DB state, reconcile containers, persist the
+// resulting status and published port.
+func reconcileServiceJob(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine, service Service) (*deployment.RuntimeState, error) {
+	spec, err := serviceRuntimeSpec(db, service)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	state, err := engine.ReconcileService(ctx, spec)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if state != nil {
+		persistPublishedPort(db, service.ID, state.Ports)
+		status := "stopped"
+		if state.Status != "" {
+			status = state.Status
+		}
+		_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET status = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`, status, time.Now(), service.ID)
+	}
+	return state, nil
+}
+
+// enqueueServiceRedeploy resolves a deployable image (service.Image, else
+// the last successful deployment's tag) and queues a reconcile. Returns
+// false when no image is available or the engine is missing.
+func enqueueServiceRedeploy(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB, service Service) bool {
+	engineValue, exists := c.Get("deployment_engine")
+	if !exists || engineValue == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	engine, ok := engineValue.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine)
+	if !ok {
+		return false
+	}
+	image := service.Image
+	if image == "" {
+		if err := db.QueryRow(
+			`SELECT image_name || ':' || image_tag FROM deployments
+			 WHERE service_id = $1 AND status = 'deployed' AND image_name <> ''
+			 ORDER BY created_at DESC LIMIT 1`,
+			service.ID,
+		).Scan(&image); err != nil {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	service.Image = image
+	getDeployQueue(c).Enqueue(service.ID, deployqueue.Job{Run: func(jctx context.Context) {
+		_, _ = reconcileServiceJob(jctx, db, engine, service)
+	}})
+	return true
+}
+
+// mergeRemoteRuntime folds inventory-backed remote replica state into a
+// local runtime view so pinned and spread services report their containers.
+// Remote rows carry deterministic UUIDs, local ones Docker IDs — no overlap.
+func mergeRemoteRuntime(ctx context.Context, engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine, serviceID string, state *deployment.RuntimeState) {
+	remote, err := engine.RemoteRuntimeState(ctx, serviceID)
+	if err != nil || remote == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	running := 0
+	for _, c := range state.Containers {
+		if c.State == "running" {
+			running++
+		}
+	}
+	for _, rc := range remote.Containers {
+		state.Containers = append(state.Containers, rc)
+		if rc.State == "running" {
+			running++
+		}
+	}
+	switch {
+	case len(state.Containers) == 0:
+	case running == 0:
+		state.Status = "stopped"
+	case running < state.Desired:
+		state.Status = "degraded"
+	default:
+		state.Status = "running"
+	}
 }
 
 // persistPublishedPort records the host port Docker actually bound so later
@@ -432,7 +643,11 @@ func liveServiceStatus(c *gin.Context, db *database.DB, service *Service) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(c.Request.Context(), 3*time.Second)
 	defer cancel()
 	state, err := engine.RuntimeState(ctx, service.ID.String(), service.Replicas)
-	if err != nil || state == nil || len(state.Containers) == 0 {
+	if err != nil || state == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	mergeRemoteRuntime(ctx, engine, service.ID.String(), state)
+	if len(state.Containers) == 0 {
 		return
 	}
 	if state.Status != service.Status {
@@ -469,6 +684,9 @@ func runtimeScaleService(c *gin.Context, serviceID string, replicas int) error {
 		        COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
 		        COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
 		        COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
+		        COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
 		        s.created_at, s.updated_at, p.owner_id
 		 FROM services s JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
 		 WHERE s.id = $1`, serviceID,
@@ -477,7 +695,9 @@ func runtimeScaleService(c *gin.Context, serviceID string, replicas int) error {
 		&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
 		&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
 		&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt, &owner,
+		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
+		&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
+		&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt, &owner,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -510,3 +730,112 @@ func runtimeScaleService(c *gin.Context, serviceID string, replicas int) error {
 	_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET replicas = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`, replicas, time.Now(), service.ID)
 	return nil
 }
+
+// handleServiceEnvCheck reports environment problems without exposing
+// values: empty vars, ${{service.KEY}} refs that fail to resolve, and
+// secrets whose ciphertext can't be decrypted (key rotation).
+func handleServiceEnvCheck(c *gin.Context) {
+	dbVal, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Database connection not available"})
+		return
+	}
+	db := dbVal.(*database.DB)
+	service, ok := loadReadableService(c, db)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+
+	rows, err := db.Query(
+		`SELECT key, value, COALESCE(is_secret, false) FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1`,
+		service.ID,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+		return
+	}
+	defer rows.Close()
+
+	var unresolved, empty, unreadable []string
+	var raw []struct{ key, val string }
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var k, v string
+		var secret bool
+		if err := rows.Scan(&k, &v, &secret); err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		decrypted := secrets.Decrypt(v)
+		if secret && secrets.IsEncrypted(v) && decrypted == v {
+			// Ciphertext failed to decrypt — Decrypt returns the input.
+			unreadable = append(unreadable, k)
+			continue
+		}
+		if strings.TrimSpace(decrypted) == "" {
+			empty = append(empty, k)
+		}
+		raw = append(raw, struct{ key, val string }{k, decrypted})
+	}
+
+	// Project siblings for ${{name.KEY}} resolution.
+	siblingIDs := map[string]string{}
+	svcRows, err := db.Query(`SELECT id, name FROM services WHERE project_id = $1`, service.ProjectID)
+	if err == nil {
+		for svcRows.Next() {
+			var id, name string
+			if err := svcRows.Scan(&id, &name); err == nil {
+				siblingIDs[strings.ToLower(name)] = id
+			}
+		}
+		svcRows.Close()
+	}
+
+	resolvable := func(serviceName, key string) bool {
+		id, ok := siblingIDs[strings.ToLower(serviceName)]
+		if !ok {
+			return false
+		}
+		if strings.EqualFold(key, "HOST") {
+			return true
+		}
+		if strings.EqualFold(key, "PORT") {
+			var port int
+			if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT COALESCE(port, 0) FROM services WHERE id = $1`, id).Scan(&port); err == nil {
+				return port > 0
+			}
+			return false
+		}
+		var n int
+		if err := db.QueryRow(
+			`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $1 AND key = $2`,
+			id, key,
+		).Scan(&n); err == nil {
+			return n > 0
+		}
+		return false
+	}
+
+	for _, kv := range raw {
+		for _, match := range refVarPattern.FindAllStringSubmatch(kv.val, -1) {
+			if len(match) == 3 && !resolvable(match[1], match[2]) {
+				unresolved = append(unresolved, fmt.Sprintf("%s → %s", kv.key, match[0]))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if unresolved == nil {
+		unresolved = []string{}
+	}
+	if empty == nil {
+		empty = []string{}
+	}
+	if unreadable == nil {
+		unreadable = []string{}
+	}
+	okResult := len(unresolved) == 0 && len(empty) == 0 && len(unreadable) == 0
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"ok":         okResult,
+		"unresolved": unresolved,
+		"empty":      empty,
+		"unreadable": unreadable,
+	})
+}

app/backend/internal/api/security.go

@@ -29,9 +29,27 @@ type SecurityHandler struct {
 func NewSecurityHandler(db *database.DB, encryptionKey string) *SecurityHandler {
 	encryptionManager, _ := security.NewEncryptionManager(encryptionKey)
 
+	scanner := security.NewScanner(db)
+	// Notify the project owner when a background scan completes — criticals
+	// earn a distinct title so they stand out in the notification list.
+	scanner.OnScanComplete = func(scan *security.SecurityScan) {
+		var ownerID string
+		if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT owner_id::text FROM projects WHERE id = $1`, scan.ProjectID).Scan(&ownerID); err != nil || ownerID == "" {
+			return
+		}
+		title := "Security scan completed"
+		if scan.Summary.Critical > 0 || scan.Summary.High > 0 {
+			title = "Security scan found issues"
+		}
+		insertUserNotification(db, ownerID, "security", title,
+			fmt.Sprintf("%s scan finished: %d critical, %d high, %d total findings (score %d/100).",
+				scan.ScanType, scan.Summary.Critical, scan.Summary.High, scan.Summary.Total, scan.Summary.Score),
+			"project", scan.ProjectID)
+	}
+
 	return &SecurityHandler{
 		db:                   db,
-		scanner:              security.NewScanner(db),
+		scanner:              scanner,
 		complianceManager:    security.NewComplianceManager(db),
 		encryptionManager:    encryptionManager,
 		dataRetentionManager: security.NewDataRetentionManager(encryptionManager),

app/backend/internal/api/service_ops.go

@@ -0,0 +1,226 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+type CloneServiceRequest struct {
+	Name        string    `json:"name"`
+	ProjectID   uuid.UUID `json:"project_id"` // empty = clone within the same project
+	Environment string    `json:"environment" binding:"omitempty,oneof=production preview development"`
+}
+
+// handleCloneService duplicates a service's full configuration — image/git
+// source, volumes, domains, access gates, builder settings, and variables —
+// into the same or another project. Containers are not cloned; the copy
+// starts stopped until its first deploy.
+func handleCloneService(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Database connection not available"})
+		return
+	}
+	userID, _ := c.Get("user_id")
+
+	var req CloneServiceRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	source, ok := loadOwnedService(c, db.(*database.DB))
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+
+	targetProjectID := source.ProjectID
+	if req.ProjectID != uuid.Nil {
+		targetProjectID = req.ProjectID
+	}
+	if !ownsProject(db.(*database.DB), targetProjectID, userID.(string), contextIsAdmin(c)) {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied to target project", "code": "FORBIDDEN"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	name := strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
+	if name == "" {
+		name = source.Name + "-copy"
+	}
+	var count int
+	_ = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
+		`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM services WHERE project_id = $1 AND name = $2`,
+		targetProjectID, name,
+	).Scan(&count)
+	if count > 0 {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": "Service name already exists in target project", "code": "CONFLICT"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	environment := source.Environment
+	if req.Environment != "" {
+		environment = req.Environment
+	}
+	if environment == "" {
+		environment = "production"
+	}
+	environmentID, err := getProjectEnvironmentID(db.(*database.DB), targetProjectID, environment)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to resolve target environment"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	maintenance, basicAuth := serviceAccess(db.(*database.DB), source.ID)
+	newID := uuid.New()
+	now := time.Now()
+	// string() so pq sends text — []byte would go as bytea and fail ::jsonb.
+	volumesJSON := string(loadServiceVolumesJSON(db.(*database.DB), source.ID))
+
+	_, err = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+		`INSERT INTO services
+			(id, project_id, name, environment_id, service_type, source_type, source_url, image_name,
+				 build_command, start_command, type, status, image, command, environment,
+				 git_repo, git_branch, build_path, cpu, memory, replicas, port, domain,
+				 healthcheck_path, restart_policy, volumes, maintenance_mode, basic_auth_users,
+				 builder, cpu_reserve, memory_reserve, static_build_cmd, static_dir,
+				 created_at, updated_at)
+			SELECT $1, $2, $3, $4, service_type, source_type, source_url, image_name,
+				 build_command, start_command, type, 'stopped', image, command, $5,
+				 git_repo, git_branch, build_path, cpu, memory, replicas, port, domain,
+				 healthcheck_path, restart_policy, $6::jsonb, $7, $8,
+				 builder, cpu_reserve, memory_reserve, static_build_cmd, static_dir,
+				 $9, $9
+			FROM services WHERE id = $10`,
+		newID, targetProjectID, name, environmentID, environment, volumesJSON,
+		maintenance, basicAuth, now, source.ID,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to clone service"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	if _, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+		`INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default, cert_type)
+		 SELECT $1, domain, is_default, cert_type FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $2`,
+		newID, source.ID,
+	); err != nil {
+		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(`DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1`, newID)
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to clone service domains"})
+		return
+	}
+	// Variable values are copied as stored — ciphertext stays ciphertext.
+	if _, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+		`INSERT INTO environment_variables (id, service_id, key, value, is_secret)
+		 SELECT gen_random_uuid(), $1, key, value, is_secret FROM environment_variables WHERE service_id = $2`,
+		newID, source.ID,
+	); err != nil {
+		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(`DELETE FROM services WHERE id = $1`, newID)
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to clone service variables"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "service", source.ID.String(), "service.clone", map[string]interface{}{"cloned_to": newID.String(), "name": name})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{"service_id": newID, "name": name, "message": "Service cloned"})
+}
+
+type MoveServiceRequest struct {
+	ProjectID uuid.UUID `json:"project_id" binding:"required"`
+}
+
+// handleMoveService re-parents a service to another project owned by the
+// caller. Variables, domains, and volumes follow via the service id;
+// running containers keep running (they join the new project's network on
+// the next deploy).
+func handleMoveService(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, exists := c.Get("db")
+	if !exists {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Database connection not available"})
+		return
+	}
+	userID, _ := c.Get("user_id")
+	serviceID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "Invalid service ID", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var req MoveServiceRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	service, ok := loadOwnedService(c, db.(*database.DB))
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	if req.ProjectID == service.ProjectID {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "Service is already in that project", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	if !ownsProject(db.(*database.DB), req.ProjectID, userID.(string), contextIsAdmin(c)) {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "Access denied to target project", "code": "FORBIDDEN"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var count int
+	_ = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
+		`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM services WHERE project_id = $1 AND name = $2`,
+		req.ProjectID, service.Name,
+	).Scan(&count)
+	if count > 0 {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusConflict, gin.H{"error": "A service with this name already exists in the target project", "code": "CONFLICT"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	envName := service.Environment
+	if envName == "" {
+		envName = "production"
+	}
+	environmentID, err := getProjectEnvironmentID(db.(*database.DB), req.ProjectID, envName)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to resolve target environment"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	res, err := db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+		`UPDATE services SET project_id = $1, environment_id = $2, updated_at = $3 WHERE id = $4`,
+		req.ProjectID, environmentID, time.Now(), serviceID,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to move service"})
+		return
+	}
+	if n, _ := res.RowsAffected(); n == 0 {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Service not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "service", serviceID.String(), "service.move", map[string]interface{}{"to_project": req.ProjectID.String()})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "Service moved", "project_id": req.ProjectID})
+}
+
+// ownsProject is true when the user owns the project or is an admin.
+func ownsProject(db *database.DB, projectID uuid.UUID, userID string, isAdmin bool) bool {
+	if isAdmin {
+		return true
+	}
+	var owner string
+	err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT owner_id FROM projects WHERE id = $1`, projectID).Scan(&owner)
+	return err == nil && owner == userID
+}
+
+// loadServiceVolumesJSON returns the raw stored mounts for a verbatim copy.
+func loadServiceVolumesJSON(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) []byte {
+	var raw []byte
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT volumes FROM services WHERE id = $1`, serviceID).Scan(&raw); err != nil || len(raw) == 0 {
+		return []byte("[]")
+	}
+	return raw
+}

app/backend/internal/api/services.go

@@ -3,8 +3,13 @@ package api
 import (
 	"containr/internal/database"
 	"containr/internal/deployment"
+	"containr/internal/deployqueue"
 	"context"
+	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
+	"strings"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
@@ -27,53 +32,196 @@ type Service struct {
 	CPU         string    `json:"cpu" db:"cpu"`
 	Memory      string    `json:"memory" db:"memory"`
 	// Runtime spec
-	Replicas        int       `json:"replicas" db:"replicas"`
-	Port            int       `json:"port" db:"port"`                         // container port to expose
-	Domain          string    `json:"domain" db:"domain"`                     // public hostname via Traefik
-	HealthCheckPath string    `json:"healthcheck_path" db:"healthcheck_path"` // probed on Port
-	RestartPolicy   string    `json:"restart_policy" db:"restart_policy"`
-	PublicURL       string    `json:"public_url,omitempty" db:"-"` // computed at read time
-	CreatedAt       time.Time `json:"created_at" db:"created_at"`
-	UpdatedAt       time.Time `json:"updated_at" db:"updated_at"`
+	Replicas         int             `json:"replicas" db:"replicas"`
+	Port             int             `json:"port" db:"port"`                         // container port to expose
+	Domain           string          `json:"domain" db:"domain"`                     // public hostname via Traefik
+	HealthCheckPath  string          `json:"healthcheck_path" db:"healthcheck_path"` // probed on Port
+	RestartPolicy    string          `json:"restart_policy" db:"restart_policy"`
+	PublicURL        string          `json:"public_url,omitempty" db:"-"` // computed at read time
+	Volumes          []ServiceVolume `json:"volumes" db:"-"`              // loaded lazily — stored as JSONB
+	Domains          []ServiceDomain `json:"domains,omitempty" db:"-"`
+	MaintenanceMode  bool            `json:"maintenance_mode" db:"-"`
+	BasicAuth        []string        `json:"basic_auth,omitempty" db:"-"` // usernames only, never hashes
+	Builder          string          `json:"builder" db:"builder"`        // auto|railpack|nixpacks|dockerfile|static
+	CPUReserve       string          `json:"cpu_reserve,omitempty" db:"cpu_reserve"`
+	MemoryReserve    string          `json:"memory_reserve,omitempty" db:"memory_reserve"`
+	StaticBuildCmd   string          `json:"static_build_cmd,omitempty" db:"static_build_cmd"`
+	StaticDir        string          `json:"static_dir,omitempty" db:"static_dir"`
+	SleepEnabled     bool            `json:"sleep_enabled" db:"-"`
+	SleepIdleMinutes int             `json:"sleep_idle_minutes" db:"-"`
+	// NodeID pins the service to a node agent ("" = local Docker host,
+	// resolved "auto" picks the least-loaded online agent at write time).
+	NodeID   string `json:"node_id,omitempty" db:"-"`
+	NodeName string `json:"node_name,omitempty" db:"-"`
+	// Spread distributes replicas across every online, schedulable agent.
+	// Mutually exclusive with an explicit NodeID pin.
+	Spread    bool      `json:"spread" db:"-"`
+	CreatedAt time.Time `json:"created_at" db:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt time.Time `json:"updated_at" db:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+// loadServiceSleep fills the sleep-mode columns, which live outside the
+// wide service SELECTs. Missing columns (pre-migration) degrade to off.
+func loadServiceSleep(db *database.DB, s *Service) {
+	var idle int
+	if err := db.QueryRow(
+		`SELECT COALESCE(sleep_enabled, false), COALESCE(sleep_idle_minutes, 15) FROM services WHERE id = $1`,
+		s.ID,
+	).Scan(&s.SleepEnabled, &idle); err == nil {
+		s.SleepIdleMinutes = idle
+	}
+}
+
+// serviceNodeID reads the pin column directly — kept out of the wide service
+// SELECTs so pre-migration schemas keep working.
+func serviceNodeID(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) string {
+	var id sql.NullString
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT node_id FROM services WHERE id = $1`, serviceID).Scan(&id); err == nil {
+		return id.String
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// serviceSpread reads the spread column with the same lazy pattern.
+func serviceSpread(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) bool {
+	var spread bool
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT COALESCE(spread, false) FROM services WHERE id = $1`, serviceID).Scan(&spread); err == nil {
+		return spread
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// loadServiceNode fills the pin + spread + the agent's display name for
+// responses.
+func loadServiceNode(db *database.DB, s *Service) {
+	var name sql.NullString
+	s.NodeID = serviceNodeID(db, s.ID)
+	s.Spread = serviceSpread(db, s.ID)
+	if s.NodeID == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT name FROM node_agents WHERE id = $1`, s.NodeID).Scan(&name); err == nil {
+		s.NodeName = name.String
+	}
+}
+
+// ServiceVolume is a volume/bind mount applied to every replica.
+type ServiceVolume struct {
+	Type     string `json:"type"`   // volume | bind (empty = volume)
+	Source   string `json:"source"` // volume name or host path
+	Target   string `json:"target"` // container path (absolute)
+	ReadOnly bool   `json:"read_only"`
+}
+
+// loadServiceVolumes reads the JSONB column; absent/invalid data degrades
+// to no mounts rather than failing the request.
+func loadServiceVolumes(db *database.DB, serviceID uuid.UUID) []deployment.VolumeMount {
+	var raw []byte
+	if err := db.QueryRow(`SELECT volumes FROM services WHERE id = $1`, serviceID).Scan(&raw); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var stored []ServiceVolume
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &stored); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	out := make([]deployment.VolumeMount, 0, len(stored))
+	for _, v := range stored {
+		out = append(out, deployment.VolumeMount{
+			Type:        v.Type,
+			Source:      v.Source,
+			Destination: v.Target,
+			ReadOnly:    v.ReadOnly,
+		})
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+// validateServiceVolumes enforces the mount contract — bad paths fail
+// fast at write time instead of surfacing as docker create errors later.
+func validateServiceVolumes(vols []ServiceVolume) error {
+	for i, v := range vols {
+		if v.Type == "" {
+			v.Type = "volume"
+		}
+		if v.Type != "volume" && v.Type != "bind" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("volumes[%d].type must be volume or bind", i)
+		}
+		if strings.TrimSpace(v.Source) == "" {
+			return fmt.Errorf("volumes[%d].source is required", i)
+		}
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(v.Target, "/") {
+			return fmt.Errorf("volumes[%d].target must be an absolute container path", i)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 // CreateServiceRequest represents a request to create a service
 type CreateServiceRequest struct {
-	ProjectID       uuid.UUID `json:"project_id"`
-	Name            string    `json:"name" binding:"required,min=1,max=255"`
-	Type            string    `json:"type" binding:"required,oneof=web worker database cron"`
-	Image           string    `json:"image"`
-	Command         string    `json:"command"`
-	Environment     string    `json:"environment" binding:"required,oneof=production preview development"`
-	GitRepo         string    `json:"git_repo"`
-	GitBranch       string    `json:"git_branch"`
-	BuildPath       string    `json:"build_path"`
-	CPU             string    `json:"cpu"`
-	Memory          string    `json:"memory"`
-	Replicas        int       `json:"replicas"`
-	Port            int       `json:"port"`
-	Domain          string    `json:"domain"`
-	HealthCheckPath string    `json:"healthcheck_path"`
-	RestartPolicy   string    `json:"restart_policy"`
+	ProjectID       uuid.UUID       `json:"project_id"`
+	Name            string          `json:"name" binding:"required,min=1,max=255"`
+	Type            string          `json:"type" binding:"required,oneof=web worker database cron"`
+	Image           string          `json:"image"`
+	Command         string          `json:"command"`
+	Environment     string          `json:"environment" binding:"required,oneof=production preview development"`
+	GitRepo         string          `json:"git_repo"`
+	GitBranch       string          `json:"git_branch"`
+	BuildPath       string          `json:"build_path"`
+	CPU             string          `json:"cpu"`
+	Memory          string          `json:"memory"`
+	Replicas        int             `json:"replicas"`
+	Port            int             `json:"port"`
+	Domain          string          `json:"domain"`
+	HealthCheckPath string          `json:"healthcheck_path"`
+	RestartPolicy   string          `json:"restart_policy"`
+	Volumes         []ServiceVolume `json:"volumes"`
+	MaintenanceMode bool            `json:"maintenance_mode"`
+	BasicAuth       []BasicAuthCred `json:"basic_auth"`
+	Builder         string          `json:"builder" binding:"omitempty,oneof=auto railpack nixpacks dockerfile static"`
+	CPUReserve      string          `json:"cpu_reserve"`
+	MemoryReserve   string          `json:"memory_reserve"`
+	StaticBuildCmd  string          `json:"static_build_cmd"`
+	StaticDir       string          `json:"static_dir"`
+	// NodeID pins placement to a node agent; "auto" picks the least-loaded
+	// online agent, "local"/"" runs on the Containr host.
+	NodeID string `json:"node_id"`
+	// Spread distributes replicas across every online, schedulable agent.
+	// Mutually exclusive with an explicit node pin.
+	Spread *bool `json:"spread"`
 }
 
 // UpdateServiceRequest represents a request to update a service
 type UpdateServiceRequest struct {
-	Name            string  `json:"name" binding:"omitempty,min=1,max=255"`
-	Type            string  `json:"type" binding:"omitempty,oneof=web worker database cron"`
-	Image           string  `json:"image"`
-	Command         string  `json:"command"`
-	Environment     string  `json:"environment" binding:"omitempty,oneof=production preview development"`
-	GitRepo         string  `json:"git_repo"`
-	GitBranch       string  `json:"git_branch"`
-	BuildPath       string  `json:"build_path"`
-	CPU             string  `json:"cpu"`
-	Memory          string  `json:"memory"`
-	Replicas        *int    `json:"replicas"`
-	Port            *int    `json:"port"`
-	Domain          *string `json:"domain"`
-	HealthCheckPath *string `json:"healthcheck_path"`
-	RestartPolicy   string  `json:"restart_policy"`
+	Name             string           `json:"name" binding:"omitempty,min=1,max=255"`
+	Type             string           `json:"type" binding:"omitempty,oneof=web worker database cron"`
+	Image            string           `json:"image"`
+	Command          string           `json:"command"`
+	Environment      string           `json:"environment" binding:"omitempty,oneof=production preview development"`
+	GitRepo          string           `json:"git_repo"`
+	GitBranch        string           `json:"git_branch"`
+	BuildPath        string           `json:"build_path"`
+	CPU              string           `json:"cpu"`
+	Memory           string           `json:"memory"`
+	Replicas         *int             `json:"replicas"`
+	Port             *int             `json:"port"`
+	Domain           *string          `json:"domain"`
+	HealthCheckPath  *string          `json:"healthcheck_path"`
+	RestartPolicy    string           `json:"restart_policy"`
+	Volumes          *[]ServiceVolume `json:"volumes"`
+	MaintenanceMode  *bool            `json:"maintenance_mode"`
+	BasicAuth        *[]BasicAuthCred `json:"basic_auth"`
+	Builder          string           `json:"builder" binding:"omitempty,oneof=auto railpack nixpacks dockerfile static"`
+	CPUReserve       *string          `json:"cpu_reserve"`
+	MemoryReserve    *string          `json:"memory_reserve"`
+	StaticBuildCmd   *string          `json:"static_build_cmd"`
+	StaticDir        *string          `json:"static_dir"`
+	SleepEnabled     *bool            `json:"sleep_enabled"`
+	SleepIdleMinutes *int             `json:"sleep_idle_minutes"`
+	// NodeID pins placement; pointer so "local"/"" explicitly clears the pin.
+	NodeID *string `json:"node_id"`
+	// Spread toggles multi-node replica distribution; pointer so false is
+	// a real update, not a missing field.
+	Spread *bool `json:"spread"`
 }
 
 // handleGetServices retrieves all services for a project
@@ -118,9 +266,13 @@ func handleGetServices(c *gin.Context) {
 				COALESCE(replicas, 1), COALESCE(port, 0),
 				COALESCE(domain, ''), COALESCE(healthcheck_path, ''),
 				COALESCE(restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
-				created_at, updated_at 
-			FROM services 
-			WHERE project_id = $1 
+				COALESCE(builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(cpu_reserve, ''),
+				COALESCE(memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(static_build_cmd, ''),
+				COALESCE(static_dir, ''),
+				COALESCE(sleep_enabled, false), COALESCE(sleep_idle_minutes, 15),
+				created_at, updated_at
+			FROM services
+			WHERE project_id = $1
 			ORDER BY created_at DESC`,
 		projectID,
 	)
@@ -138,7 +290,10 @@ func handleGetServices(c *gin.Context) {
 			&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
 			&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
 			&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-			&service.RestartPolicy, &service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt,
+			&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
+			&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
+			&service.SleepEnabled, &service.SleepIdleMinutes,
+			&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt,
 		)
 		if err != nil {
 			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to scan service"})
@@ -150,6 +305,7 @@ func handleGetServices(c *gin.Context) {
 	// Reconcile stored status with live container state (no-op without Docker).
 	for i := range services {
 		liveServiceStatus(c, db.(*database.DB), &services[i])
+		loadServiceNode(db.(*database.DB), &services[i])
 	}
 
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"services": services})
@@ -249,12 +405,38 @@ func handleCreateService(c *gin.Context) {
 		UpdatedAt:       time.Now(),
 	}
 
-	// Set default values if not provided
+	// Set default values if not provided; app_settings.default_cpu /
+	// default_memory override the hardcoded fallbacks.
 	if service.CPU == "" {
-		service.CPU = "0.5"
+		service.CPU = firstNonEmpty(settingValue(db.(*database.DB), "default_cpu", "", ""), "0.5")
 	}
 	if service.Memory == "" {
-		service.Memory = "512Mi"
+		service.Memory = firstNonEmpty(settingValue(db.(*database.DB), "default_memory", "", ""), "512Mi")
+	}
+	if req.Builder == "" {
+		service.Builder = "auto"
+	} else {
+		service.Builder = req.Builder
+	}
+	service.CPUReserve = req.CPUReserve
+	service.MemoryReserve = req.MemoryReserve
+	service.StaticBuildCmd = req.StaticBuildCmd
+	service.StaticDir = req.StaticDir
+	if service.Builder == "static" && service.StaticDir == "" {
+		service.StaticDir = "dist"
+	}
+	for label, check := range map[string]func(string) error{
+		"cpu": validateCPUSpec, "cpu_reserve": validateCPUSpec,
+		"memory": validateMemorySpec, "memory_reserve": validateMemorySpec,
+	} {
+		v := map[string]string{
+			"cpu": service.CPU, "cpu_reserve": service.CPUReserve,
+			"memory": service.Memory, "memory_reserve": service.MemoryReserve,
+		}[label]
+		if err := check(v); err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": fmt.Sprintf("invalid %s: %s", label, err.Error()), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+			return
+		}
 	}
 	if service.Replicas < 1 {
 		service.Replicas = 1
@@ -262,6 +444,15 @@ func handleCreateService(c *gin.Context) {
 	if service.RestartPolicy == "" {
 		service.RestartPolicy = "unless-stopped"
 	}
+	if err := validateServiceVolumes(req.Volumes); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	service.Volumes = req.Volumes
+	volumesJSON, _ := json.Marshal(req.Volumes)
+	if len(req.Volumes) == 0 {
+		volumesJSON = []byte("[]")
+	}
 
 	environmentID, err := getProjectEnvironmentID(db.(*database.DB), service.ProjectID, service.Environment)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -271,19 +462,44 @@ func handleCreateService(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	sourceType := inferServiceSourceType(service)
 
+	if req.Spread != nil {
+		service.Spread = *req.Spread
+	}
+	if req.NodeID != "" {
+		if service.Spread && req.NodeID != "auto" {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "spread and an explicit node pin are mutually exclusive", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+			return
+		}
+		nodeID, nodeErr := resolveNodePin(c.Request.Context(), db.(*database.DB), req.NodeID)
+		if nodeErr != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": nodeErr.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+			return
+		}
+		if !service.Spread {
+			service.NodeID = nodeID
+		}
+	}
+
 	// Insert service into database
 	_, err = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
 		`INSERT INTO services
 			(id, project_id, name, environment_id, service_type, source_type, source_url, image_name,
 				 build_command, start_command, type, status, image, command, environment,
 				 git_repo, git_branch, build_path, cpu, memory, replicas, port, domain,
-				 healthcheck_path, restart_policy, created_at, updated_at)
-			VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15, $16, $17, $18, $19, $20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26, $27)`,
+				 healthcheck_path, restart_policy, volumes,
+				 builder, cpu_reserve, memory_reserve, static_build_cmd, static_dir,
+				 node_id, spread, created_at, updated_at)
+			VALUES ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8, $9, $10, $11, $12, $13, $14, $15, $16, $17, $18, $19, $20, $21, $22, $23, $24, $25, $26,
+					$27, $28, $29, $30, $31, $32, $33, $34, $35)`,
 		service.ID, service.ProjectID, service.Name, environmentID, service.Type,
 		sourceType, firstNonEmpty(service.GitRepo, service.Image), service.Image,
 		"", service.Command, service.Type, service.Status, service.Image, service.Command,
 		service.Environment, service.GitRepo, service.GitBranch, service.BuildPath, service.CPU, service.Memory,
 		service.Replicas, service.Port, service.Domain, service.HealthCheckPath, service.RestartPolicy,
+		volumesJSON, service.Builder, service.CPUReserve, service.MemoryReserve,
+		service.StaticBuildCmd, service.StaticDir,
+		sql.NullString{String: service.NodeID, Valid: service.NodeID != ""},
+		service.Spread,
 		service.CreatedAt, service.UpdatedAt,
 	)
 
@@ -292,6 +508,32 @@ func handleCreateService(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	// Domains live in service_domains; services.domain is the derived default.
+	if req.Domain != "" && validHostname(strings.ToLower(req.Domain)) {
+		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+			`INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default) VALUES ($1, $2, true)
+			 ON CONFLICT (service_id, domain) DO UPDATE SET is_default = true`,
+			service.ID, strings.ToLower(req.Domain))
+	}
+	if req.MaintenanceMode || len(req.BasicAuth) > 0 {
+		basicAuthUsers := ""
+		if encoded, encErr := encodeBasicAuth(req.BasicAuth); encErr == nil {
+			basicAuthUsers = encoded
+		}
+		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+			`UPDATE services SET maintenance_mode = $1, basic_auth_users = $2 WHERE id = $3`,
+			req.MaintenanceMode, basicAuthUsers, service.ID)
+		service.MaintenanceMode = req.MaintenanceMode
+		service.BasicAuth = basicAuthUsernames(basicAuthUsers)
+	}
+	service.Domains = loadServiceDomains(db.(*database.DB), service.ID)
+
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "service", service.ID.String(), "create", map[string]interface{}{
+		"name": service.Name, "type": service.Type, "project_id": service.ProjectID,
+		"node_id": service.NodeID,
+	})
+	loadServiceNode(db.(*database.DB), &service)
+
 	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{"service": service})
 }
 
@@ -349,6 +591,9 @@ func handleGetService(c *gin.Context) {
 				COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
 				COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
 				COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
+				COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
+				COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
+				COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
 				s.created_at, s.updated_at
 			FROM services s
 			JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
@@ -360,7 +605,9 @@ func handleGetService(c *gin.Context) {
 		&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
 		&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
 		&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
-		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt,
+		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
+		&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
+		&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt,
 	)
 
 	if err != nil {
@@ -369,6 +616,17 @@ func handleGetService(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 
 	liveServiceStatus(c, db.(*database.DB), &service)
+	for _, v := range loadServiceVolumes(db.(*database.DB), service.ID) {
+		service.Volumes = append(service.Volumes, ServiceVolume{
+			Type: v.Type, Source: v.Source, Target: v.Destination, ReadOnly: v.ReadOnly,
+		})
+	}
+	service.Domains = loadServiceDomains(db.(*database.DB), service.ID)
+	loadServiceSleep(db.(*database.DB), &service)
+	loadServiceNode(db.(*database.DB), &service)
+	maintenance, basicAuth := serviceAccess(db.(*database.DB), service.ID)
+	service.MaintenanceMode = maintenance
+	service.BasicAuth = basicAuthUsernames(basicAuth)
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"service": service})
 }
 
@@ -417,6 +675,9 @@ func handleUpdateService(c *gin.Context) {
 				COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
 				COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
 				COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
+				COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
+				COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
+				COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
 				s.created_at, s.updated_at
 			FROM services s
 			JOIN projects p ON s.project_id = p.id
@@ -429,6 +690,9 @@ func handleUpdateService(c *gin.Context) {
 		&existingService.BuildPath, &existingService.CPU, &existingService.Memory,
 		&existingService.Replicas, &existingService.Port, &existingService.Domain,
 		&existingService.HealthCheckPath, &existingService.RestartPolicy,
+		&existingService.Builder, &existingService.CPUReserve,
+		&existingService.MemoryReserve, &existingService.StaticBuildCmd,
+		&existingService.StaticDir,
 		&existingService.CreatedAt, &existingService.UpdatedAt,
 	)
 
@@ -483,6 +747,85 @@ func handleUpdateService(c *gin.Context) {
 	if req.RestartPolicy != "" {
 		existingService.RestartPolicy = req.RestartPolicy
 	}
+	if req.Builder != "" {
+		existingService.Builder = req.Builder
+	}
+	if req.CPUReserve != nil {
+		existingService.CPUReserve = *req.CPUReserve
+	}
+	if req.MemoryReserve != nil {
+		existingService.MemoryReserve = *req.MemoryReserve
+	}
+	if req.StaticBuildCmd != nil {
+		existingService.StaticBuildCmd = *req.StaticBuildCmd
+	}
+	if req.StaticDir != nil {
+		existingService.StaticDir = *req.StaticDir
+	}
+	if existingService.Builder == "static" && existingService.StaticDir == "" {
+		existingService.StaticDir = "dist"
+	}
+	loadServiceSleep(db.(*database.DB), &existingService)
+	if req.SleepEnabled != nil {
+		existingService.SleepEnabled = *req.SleepEnabled
+	}
+	if req.SleepIdleMinutes != nil {
+		if *req.SleepIdleMinutes < 1 || *req.SleepIdleMinutes > 1440 {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "sleep_idle_minutes must be 1-1440", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+			return
+		}
+		existingService.SleepIdleMinutes = *req.SleepIdleMinutes
+	}
+	for label, check := range map[string]func(string) error{
+		"cpu": validateCPUSpec, "cpu_reserve": validateCPUSpec,
+		"memory": validateMemorySpec, "memory_reserve": validateMemorySpec,
+	} {
+		v := map[string]string{
+			"cpu": existingService.CPU, "cpu_reserve": existingService.CPUReserve,
+			"memory": existingService.Memory, "memory_reserve": existingService.MemoryReserve,
+		}[label]
+		if err := check(v); err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": fmt.Sprintf("invalid %s: %s", label, err.Error()), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	// lib/pq sends a nil []byte as an empty bytea literal rather than NULL,
+	// so the COALESCE fallback needs an untyped nil when volumes aren't sent.
+	var volumesArg interface{}
+	if req.Volumes != nil {
+		if err := validateServiceVolumes(*req.Volumes); err != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+			return
+		}
+		existingService.Volumes = *req.Volumes
+		volumesJSON, _ := json.Marshal(*req.Volumes)
+		volumesArg = volumesJSON
+	}
+
+	if req.Spread != nil {
+		existingService.Spread = *req.Spread
+	} else {
+		existingService.Spread = serviceSpread(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)
+	}
+	if req.NodeID != nil {
+		nodeValue := strings.TrimSpace(*req.NodeID)
+		if existingService.Spread && nodeValue != "" && nodeValue != "auto" && nodeValue != "local" {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "spread and an explicit node pin are mutually exclusive — set spread=false first", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+			return
+		}
+		nodeID, nodeErr := resolveNodePin(c.Request.Context(), db.(*database.DB), nodeValue)
+		if nodeErr != nil {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": nodeErr.Error(), "code": "VALIDATION"})
+			return
+		}
+		existingService.NodeID = nodeID
+	} else {
+		existingService.NodeID = serviceNodeID(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)
+	}
+	if existingService.Spread && existingService.NodeID != "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "service already has an explicit node pin — clear it (node_id=\"local\") before enabling spread", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
 
 	existingService.UpdatedAt = time.Now()
 
@@ -492,14 +835,22 @@ func handleUpdateService(c *gin.Context) {
 			SET name = $1, type = $2, image = $3, command = $4, environment = $5,
 				git_repo = $6, git_branch = $7, build_path = $8, cpu = $9, memory = $10,
 				replicas = $11, port = $12, domain = $13, healthcheck_path = $14,
-				restart_policy = $15, updated_at = $16
-			WHERE id = $17`,
+				restart_policy = $15, volumes = COALESCE($17::jsonb, volumes), updated_at = $16,
+				builder = $19, cpu_reserve = $20, memory_reserve = $21,
+				static_build_cmd = $22, static_dir = $23,
+				sleep_enabled = $24, sleep_idle_minutes = $25, node_id = $26, spread = $27
+			WHERE id = $18`,
 		existingService.Name, existingService.Type, existingService.Image, existingService.Command,
 		existingService.Environment, existingService.GitRepo, existingService.GitBranch,
 		existingService.BuildPath, existingService.CPU, existingService.Memory,
 		existingService.Replicas, existingService.Port, existingService.Domain,
 		existingService.HealthCheckPath, existingService.RestartPolicy,
-		existingService.UpdatedAt, existingService.ID,
+		existingService.UpdatedAt, volumesArg, existingService.ID,
+		existingService.Builder, existingService.CPUReserve, existingService.MemoryReserve,
+		existingService.StaticBuildCmd, existingService.StaticDir,
+		existingService.SleepEnabled, existingService.SleepIdleMinutes,
+		sql.NullString{String: existingService.NodeID, Valid: existingService.NodeID != ""},
+		existingService.Spread,
 	)
 
 	if err != nil {
@@ -507,26 +858,69 @@ func handleUpdateService(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	// Domain writes route through service_domains — services.domain is the
+	// derived default and gets rewritten by syncDefaultDomain.
+	if req.Domain != nil {
+		domain := strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(*req.Domain))
+		if domain == "" {
+			_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(`DELETE FROM service_domains WHERE service_id = $1`, serviceID)
+		} else if validHostname(domain) {
+			_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(`UPDATE service_domains SET is_default = false WHERE service_id = $1`, serviceID)
+			_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+				`INSERT INTO service_domains (service_id, domain, is_default) VALUES ($1, $2, true)
+				 ON CONFLICT (service_id, domain) DO UPDATE SET is_default = true`,
+				serviceID, domain)
+		} else {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "Invalid hostname", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+			return
+		}
+		syncDefaultDomain(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)
+		_ = db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(`SELECT domain FROM services WHERE id = $1`, serviceID).Scan(&existingService.Domain)
+	}
+
+	if req.MaintenanceMode != nil || req.BasicAuth != nil {
+		maintenance, basicAuth := serviceAccess(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)
+		if req.MaintenanceMode != nil {
+			maintenance = *req.MaintenanceMode
+		}
+		if req.BasicAuth != nil {
+			encoded, encErr := encodeBasicAuth(*req.BasicAuth)
+			if encErr != nil {
+				c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to encode basic auth", "code": "INTERNAL"})
+				return
+			}
+			basicAuth = encoded
+		}
+		_, _ = db.(*database.DB).Exec(
+			`UPDATE services SET maintenance_mode = $1, basic_auth_users = $2 WHERE id = $3`,
+			maintenance, basicAuth, serviceID)
+		existingService.MaintenanceMode = maintenance
+	}
+	existingService.Domains = loadServiceDomains(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)
+	_, storedAuth := serviceAccess(db.(*database.DB), serviceID)
+	existingService.BasicAuth = basicAuthUsernames(storedAuth)
+
 	// A replica change applies immediately when the service has live
 	// containers; other spec fields take effect on the next deploy.
+	// Runs through the deploy queue so it can't overlap a build.
 	if req.Replicas != nil && existingService.Status == "running" {
 		if engineValue, exists := c.Get("deployment_engine"); exists && engineValue != nil {
 			engine := engineValue.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine)
 			serviceCopy := existingService
-			go func() {
-				spec, err := serviceRuntimeSpec(db.(*database.DB), serviceCopy)
+			dbCopy := db.(*database.DB)
+			getDeployQueue(c).Enqueue(serviceCopy.ID, deployqueue.Job{Run: func(jctx context.Context) {
+				spec, err := serviceRuntimeSpec(dbCopy, serviceCopy)
 				if err != nil {
 					return
 				}
-				ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 2*time.Minute)
-				defer cancel()
-				if state, err := engine.ReconcileService(ctx, spec); err == nil && state != nil {
-					persistPublishedPort(db.(*database.DB), serviceCopy.ID, state.Ports)
+				if state, err := engine.ReconcileService(jctx, spec); err == nil && state != nil {
+					persistPublishedPort(dbCopy, serviceCopy.ID, state.Ports)
 				}
-			}()
+			}})
 		}
 	}
 
+	loadServiceNode(db.(*database.DB), &existingService)
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"service": existingService})
 }
 
@@ -576,7 +970,7 @@ func handleDeleteService(c *gin.Context) {
 	// Remove runtime containers before dropping the row.
 	if engineValue, exists := c.Get("deployment_engine"); exists && engineValue != nil {
 		if engine, ok := engineValue.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine); ok {
-			_ = engine.RemoveServiceContainers(c.Request.Context(), serviceID.String())
+			removeServiceRuntime(c.Request.Context(), db.(*database.DB), engine, serviceID)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -591,5 +985,7 @@ func handleDeleteService(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "service", serviceID.String(), "delete", map[string]interface{}{})
+
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "Service deleted successfully"})
 }

app/backend/internal/api/settings.go

@@ -23,10 +23,49 @@ const (
 	settingSignupEnabled         = "signup_enabled"
 	settingCloudflareTunnelToken = "cloudflare_tunnel_token"
 
+	// White-label branding keys — unset fields fall back to Containr
+	// defaults. Self-hosters rebrand their instance via these.
+	settingBrandProductName = "branding.product_name"
+	settingBrandLogoURL     = "branding.logo_url"
+	settingBrandFaviconURL  = "branding.favicon_url"
+	settingBrandAccent      = "branding.accent_color"
+	settingBrandDocsURL     = "branding.docs_url"
+	settingBrandSupportURL  = "branding.support_url"
+
 	cloudflaredContainerName = "containr-cloudflared"
 	cloudflaredImage         = "cloudflare/cloudflared:latest"
 )
 
+// brandingConfig is the public white-label payload. Fields are always
+// populated — defaults keep the instance Containr-branded.
+type brandingConfig struct {
+	ProductName string `json:"product_name"`
+	LogoURL     string `json:"logo_url"`
+	FaviconURL  string `json:"favicon_url"`
+	AccentColor string `json:"accent_color"`
+	DocsURL     string `json:"docs_url"`
+	SupportURL  string `json:"support_url"`
+}
+
+func resolveBranding(db *database.DB) brandingConfig {
+	return brandingConfig{
+		ProductName: settingValue(db, settingBrandProductName, "BRAND_NAME", "Containr"),
+		LogoURL:     settingValue(db, settingBrandLogoURL, "BRAND_LOGO_URL", ""),
+		FaviconURL:  settingValue(db, settingBrandFaviconURL, "BRAND_FAVICON_URL", ""),
+		AccentColor: settingValue(db, settingBrandAccent, "BRAND_ACCENT_COLOR", ""),
+		DocsURL:     settingValue(db, settingBrandDocsURL, "BRAND_DOCS_URL", ""),
+		SupportURL:  settingValue(db, settingBrandSupportURL, "BRAND_SUPPORT_URL", ""),
+	}
+}
+
+// GET /branding — public so the login page and shell can brand themselves
+// before a session exists.
+func handleGetBranding(c *gin.Context) {
+	db, _ := c.Get("db")
+	database, _ := db.(*database.DB)
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, resolveBranding(database))
+}
+
 // settingValue resolves a setting: app_settings row first, env fallback,
 // then the caller's default.
 func settingValue(db *database.DB, key, envKey, fallback string) string {
@@ -110,6 +149,7 @@ func handleGetSettings(c *gin.Context) {
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
 		"signup_enabled":    signupEnabled(db),
 		"cloudflare_tunnel": cloudflareTunnelState(c.Request.Context(), db, client),
+		"branding":          resolveBranding(db),
 	})
 }
 
@@ -122,6 +162,14 @@ func handleUpdateSettings(c *gin.Context) {
 	var req struct {
 		SignupEnabled         *bool   `json:"signup_enabled"`
 		CloudflareTunnelToken *string `json:"cloudflare_tunnel_token"`
+		Branding              *struct {
+			ProductName *string `json:"product_name"`
+			LogoURL     *string `json:"logo_url"`
+			FaviconURL  *string `json:"favicon_url"`
+			AccentColor *string `json:"accent_color"`
+			DocsURL     *string `json:"docs_url"`
+			SupportURL  *string `json:"support_url"`
+		} `json:"branding"`
 	}
 	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
@@ -158,6 +206,36 @@ func handleUpdateSettings(c *gin.Context) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	if req.Branding != nil {
+		fields := []struct {
+			key   string
+			value *string
+		}{
+			{settingBrandProductName, req.Branding.ProductName},
+			{settingBrandLogoURL, req.Branding.LogoURL},
+			{settingBrandFaviconURL, req.Branding.FaviconURL},
+			{settingBrandAccent, req.Branding.AccentColor},
+			{settingBrandDocsURL, req.Branding.DocsURL},
+			{settingBrandSupportURL, req.Branding.SupportURL},
+		}
+		for _, f := range fields {
+			if f.value == nil {
+				continue
+			}
+			v := strings.TrimSpace(*f.value)
+			var err error
+			if v == "" {
+				err = deleteSetting(db, f.key)
+			} else {
+				err = setSetting(db, f.key, v, false)
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to save branding"})
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	handleGetSettings(c)
 }
 

app/backend/internal/api/sleeper.go

@@ -0,0 +1,461 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/deployment"
+	"containr/internal/docker"
+
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/network"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/registry"
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+// Sleep mode: services with sleep_enabled are scaled to zero after
+// sleep_idle_minutes without inbound traffic. Idleness is measured as
+// NetworkIO byte deltas across the service's containers — we have no
+// per-request layer in front of Traefik, so counters are the signal.
+//
+// When a service sleeps its containers are removed and a tiny busybox
+// "wake" container takes over the same Traefik host rule at a higher
+// priority: it serves a reloading "waking" page and pings the unauthenticated
+// internal wake endpoint, which reconciles the service back to running.
+// Wake containers carry a dedicated label (not the service label) so
+// RuntimeState and reconcile never count them as replicas; the sweeper
+// prunes them once the workload is running again.
+
+const (
+	wakeImage         = "busybox:1.36"
+	wakeLabel         = "containr.wake"
+	wakeForLabel      = "containr.wake-for"
+	wakeSweepInterval = 30 * time.Second
+)
+
+type sleepTracker struct {
+	mu       sync.Mutex
+	activity map[uuid.UUID]sleepActivity
+}
+
+type sleepActivity struct {
+	bytes     uint64
+	idleSince time.Time
+}
+
+var tracker = &sleepTracker{activity: make(map[uuid.UUID]sleepActivity)}
+
+// StartSleepSweeper polls enabled services and scales idle ones to zero.
+func StartSleepSweeper(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, dc *docker.Client, engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine, apiPort int) {
+	if db == nil || dc == nil || engine == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	go func() {
+		ticker := time.NewTicker(wakeSweepInterval)
+		defer ticker.Stop()
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return
+			case <-ticker.C:
+				sweepSleeping(ctx, db, dc, engine, apiPort)
+				pruneWakeContainers(ctx, db, dc, engine)
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+	log.Printf("sleep sweeper: running (interval %s)", wakeSweepInterval)
+}
+
+type sleepCandidate struct {
+	ID          uuid.UUID
+	ProjectID   uuid.UUID
+	Name        string
+	Status      string
+	IdleMinutes int
+}
+
+func sweepSleeping(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, dc *docker.Client, engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine, apiPort int) {
+	rows, err := db.QueryContext(ctx,
+		`SELECT id, project_id, name, COALESCE(status,''), COALESCE(sleep_idle_minutes,15)
+		 FROM services WHERE sleep_enabled AND COALESCE(status,'') IN ('running','deployed','degraded','starting')`)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	var candidates []sleepCandidate
+	for rows.Next() {
+		var s sleepCandidate
+		if err := rows.Scan(&s.ID, &s.ProjectID, &s.Name, &s.Status, &s.IdleMinutes); err == nil {
+			candidates = append(candidates, s)
+		}
+	}
+	rows.Close()
+
+	for _, svc := range candidates {
+		containers, err := engine.ListServiceContainers(ctx, svc.ID.String())
+		if err != nil || len(containers) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		// Ignore wake containers — they're the placeholder, not the workload.
+		workload := containers[:0]
+		for _, c := range containers {
+			if c.Labels[wakeLabel] != "true" {
+				workload = append(workload, c)
+			}
+		}
+		if len(workload) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		var total uint64
+		for _, c := range workload {
+			total += containerNetBytes(ctx, dc, c.ID)
+		}
+		if markIdle(svc.ID, total, time.Duration(svc.IdleMinutes)*time.Minute) {
+			putToSleep(ctx, db, dc, engine, svc, apiPort)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// markIdle returns true when the network counter stopped growing past the
+// timeout. First sighting only sets the baseline — no idle without history.
+func markIdle(id uuid.UUID, bytes uint64, timeout time.Duration) bool {
+	tracker.mu.Lock()
+	defer tracker.mu.Unlock()
+	a := tracker.activity[id]
+	if bytes != a.bytes || a.idleSince.IsZero() {
+		tracker.activity[id] = sleepActivity{bytes: bytes, idleSince: time.Now()}
+		return false
+	}
+	return time.Since(a.idleSince) >= timeout
+}
+
+func containerNetBytes(ctx context.Context, dc *docker.Client, id string) uint64 {
+	stats, err := dc.GetContainerStats(ctx, id, false)
+	if err != nil || stats == nil {
+		return 0
+	}
+	defer stats.Body.Close()
+	var snap struct {
+		Networks map[string]struct {
+			RxBytes uint64 `json:"rx_bytes"`
+			TxBytes uint64 `json:"tx_bytes"`
+		} `json:"networks"`
+	}
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(stats.Body).Decode(&snap); err != nil {
+		return 0
+	}
+	var total uint64
+	for _, n := range snap.Networks {
+		total += n.RxBytes + n.TxBytes
+	}
+	return total
+}
+
+// putToSleep removes the workload containers, marks the service sleeping,
+// and installs the wake placeholder when the service has a public domain.
+func putToSleep(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, dc *docker.Client, engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine, svc sleepCandidate, apiPort int) {
+	containers, err := engine.ListServiceContainers(ctx, svc.ID.String())
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	for _, c := range containers {
+		if c.Labels[wakeLabel] == "true" {
+			continue
+		}
+		_ = dc.StopContainer(ctx, c.ID, nil)
+		_ = dc.RemoveContainer(ctx, c.ID, true)
+	}
+	tracker.mu.Lock()
+	delete(tracker.activity, svc.ID)
+	tracker.mu.Unlock()
+	_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET status = 'sleeping', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`, time.Now(), svc.ID)
+	log.Printf("sleep: %s (%s) scaled to zero after idle timeout", svc.Name, svc.ID)
+
+	var domain string
+	_ = db.QueryRow(`SELECT COALESCE(domain,'') FROM services WHERE id = $1`, svc.ID).Scan(&domain)
+	domains := serviceDomainNames(db, svc.ID, domain)
+	if len(domains) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+	if err := spawnWakeContainer(ctx, db, dc, engine, svc, domains, apiPort); err != nil {
+		log.Printf("sleep: wake placeholder for %s failed: %v", svc.Name, err)
+	}
+}
+
+// spawnWakeContainer runs a busybox httpd holding the service's Traefik
+// host rule at higher priority. On boot it calls the wake endpoint, then
+// keeps serving a reloading page until the next reconcile removes it.
+func spawnWakeContainer(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, dc *docker.Client, engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine, svc sleepCandidate, domains []string, apiPort int) error {
+	edgeNet := ""
+	for _, n := range networkList(ctx, dc) {
+		if n == "containr-network" {
+			edgeNet = n
+		}
+	}
+	if edgeNet == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("no edge network")
+	}
+	router := "svc-" + svc.ID.String()[:8]
+	sort.Strings(domains)
+	rules := make([]string, 0, len(domains))
+	for _, d := range domains {
+		rules = append(rules, "Host(`"+d+"`)")
+	}
+	labels := map[string]string{
+		deployment.LabelManaged:  "true",
+		deployment.LabelProject:  svc.ProjectID.String(),
+		wakeForLabel:             svc.ID.String(),
+		wakeLabel:                "true",
+		"traefik.enable":         "true",
+		"traefik.docker.network": edgeNet,
+		"traefik.http.routers." + router + ".rule":                      strings.Join(rules, " || "),
+		"traefik.http.routers." + router + ".entrypoints":               "web",
+		"traefik.http.routers." + router + ".priority":                  "100",
+		"traefik.http.services." + router + ".loadbalancer.server.port": "80",
+	}
+
+	wakeURL := wakeEndpointURL(ctx, dc, apiPort, svc.ID, edgeNet)
+	page := `<!doctype html><html><head><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="4"><title>Waking up</title>` +
+		`<style>body{font-family:system-ui,sans-serif;background:#0b0d12;color:#dde2ea;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-height:100vh;margin:0}` +
+		`.card{text-align:center;max-width:34rem;padding:2rem}h1{font-size:1.25rem;font-weight:600}p{color:#98a2b3}</style></head>` +
+		`<body><div class="card"><h1>Service is waking up</h1><p>This Containr service was sleeping and is resuming now. The page reloads automatically.</p></div></body></html>`
+	// httpd without -f daemonizes, so the sequence is: write page, start
+	// httpd, fire the wake callback, then hold PID1 on sleep infinity.
+	cmd := fmt.Sprintf(
+		`mkdir -p /www && printf '%%s' '%s' > /www/index.html && `+
+			`httpd -p 80 -h /www && `+
+			`(sleep 2; wget -q -O /dev/null --timeout=20 '%s' 2>/dev/null || true) && `+
+			`sleep infinity`,
+		strings.ReplaceAll(page, "'", "'\\''"), wakeURL)
+
+	endpoints := map[string]*network.EndpointSettings{edgeNet: {}}
+	if ownNet := dc.OwnNetworkName(ctx); ownNet != "" && ownNet != edgeNet {
+		endpoints[ownNet] = &network.EndpointSettings{}
+	}
+
+	// Pull is best-effort — the image almost always sits in cache.
+	_ = dc.PullImageWait(ctx, wakeImage, registry.AuthConfig{})
+
+	// A previous placeholder may linger as Exited — clear the name first.
+	name := fmt.Sprintf("containr-wake-%s", svc.ID.String()[:8])
+	if stale, err := dc.ListContainersFiltered(ctx, filters.NewArgs(
+		filters.Arg("name", "^/"+name+"$"),
+	), true); err == nil {
+		for _, s := range stale {
+			_ = dc.RemoveContainer(ctx, s.ID, true)
+		}
+	}
+
+	id, err := dc.CreateContainer(ctx, docker.ContainerConfig{
+		Name:     name,
+		Image:    wakeImage,
+		Cmd:      []string{"sh", "-c", cmd},
+		Labels:   labels,
+		Networks: endpoints,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return dc.StartContainer(ctx, id)
+}
+
+func networkList(ctx context.Context, dc *docker.Client) []string {
+	networks, err := dc.ListNetworks(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	names := make([]string, 0, len(networks))
+	for _, n := range networks {
+		names = append(names, n.Name)
+	}
+	return names
+}
+
+// wakeEndpointURL builds the internal URL the wake container calls. The
+// edge network's gateway reaches the host's published API port; when the
+// API itself is containerized its own name resolves on the shared network.
+func wakeEndpointURL(ctx context.Context, dc *docker.Client, apiPort int, serviceID uuid.UUID, edgeNet string) string {
+	if dc.OwnNetworkName(ctx) != "" {
+		if self, err := dc.GetContainer(ctx, selfID()); err == nil {
+			name := strings.TrimPrefix(self.Name, "/")
+			if name != "" {
+				return fmt.Sprintf("http://%s:%d/api/v1/internal/wake/%s", name, apiPort, serviceID)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if gw := networkGateway(ctx, dc, edgeNet); gw != "" {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("http://%s:%d/api/v1/internal/wake/%s", gw, apiPort, serviceID)
+	}
+	if probe := dc.HostProbeHost(ctx); probe != "" {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("http://%s:%d/api/v1/internal/wake/%s", probe, apiPort, serviceID)
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("http://127.0.0.1:%d/api/v1/internal/wake/%s", apiPort, serviceID)
+}
+
+func networkGateway(ctx context.Context, dc *docker.Client, name string) string {
+	// ListNetworks does not populate IPAM config — inspect is required.
+	return dc.NetworkGateway(ctx, name)
+}
+
+func selfID() string {
+	// Inside a container the hostname is the short container ID.
+	if hn, err := os.Hostname(); err == nil {
+		return hn
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// pruneWakeContainers removes wake placeholders whose service is healthy
+// again — belt & braces over the reconcile drift sweep.
+func pruneWakeContainers(ctx context.Context, db *database.DB, dc *docker.Client, engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine) {
+	containers, err := dc.ListContainersFiltered(ctx, filters.NewArgs(filters.Arg("label", wakeLabel+"=true")), true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	for _, c := range containers {
+		svcID := c.Labels[wakeForLabel]
+		if svcID == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		running, _ := engine.ListServiceContainers(ctx, svcID)
+		live := 0
+		for _, r := range running {
+			if r.State == "running" {
+				live++
+			}
+		}
+		var status string
+		_ = db.QueryRow(`SELECT COALESCE(status,'') FROM services WHERE id = $1`, svcID).Scan(&status)
+		if live > 0 || status == "stopped" || status == "" {
+			_ = dc.RemoveContainer(ctx, c.ID, true)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// handleServiceWake is the unauthenticated internal endpoint the wake
+// container hits. It reconciles the service back to running. Waking is
+// idempotent and non-destructive, so no token is required; the endpoint
+// never mutates configuration.
+func handleServiceWake(c *gin.Context) {
+	dbVal, _ := c.Get("db")
+	db := dbVal.(*database.DB)
+	engineVal, _ := c.Get("deployment_engine")
+	engine, _ := engineVal.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine)
+	if engine == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusServiceUnavailable, gin.H{"error": "deployment engine unavailable"})
+		return
+	}
+	id, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "invalid service id"})
+		return
+	}
+	var service Service
+	err = db.QueryRow(
+		`SELECT s.id, s.project_id, s.name,
+		        COALESCE(s.type, s.service_type, ''), COALESCE(s.status, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.image, s.image_name, ''), COALESCE(s.command, s.start_command, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.environment, ''), COALESCE(s.git_repo, s.source_url, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.git_branch, ''), COALESCE(s.build_path, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.cpu, ''), COALESCE(s.memory, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.replicas, 1), COALESCE(s.port, 0),
+		        COALESCE(s.domain, ''), COALESCE(s.healthcheck_path, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
+		        COALESCE(s.builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(s.cpu_reserve, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.memory_reserve, ''), COALESCE(s.static_build_cmd, ''),
+		        COALESCE(s.static_dir, ''),
+		        s.created_at, s.updated_at
+		 FROM services s WHERE s.id = $1`, id,
+	).Scan(
+		&service.ID, &service.ProjectID, &service.Name, &service.Type, &service.Status,
+		&service.Image, &service.Command, &service.Environment, &service.GitRepo,
+		&service.GitBranch, &service.BuildPath, &service.CPU, &service.Memory,
+		&service.Replicas, &service.Port, &service.Domain, &service.HealthCheckPath,
+		&service.RestartPolicy, &service.Builder, &service.CPUReserve,
+		&service.MemoryReserve, &service.StaticBuildCmd, &service.StaticDir,
+		&service.CreatedAt, &service.UpdatedAt,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "service not found"})
+		return
+	}
+	if service.Status == "running" || service.Status == "deployed" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"status": service.Status})
+		return
+	}
+	go func() {
+		ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 3*time.Minute)
+		defer cancel()
+		spec, err := serviceRuntimeSpec(db, service)
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		state, err := engine.ReconcileService(ctx, spec)
+		if err != nil {
+			_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET status = 'failed', updated_at = $1 WHERE id = $2`, time.Now(), service.ID)
+			return
+		}
+		status := "running"
+		if state != nil {
+			status = state.Status
+			persistPublishedPort(db, service.ID, state.Ports)
+		}
+		_, _ = db.Exec(`UPDATE services SET status = $1, updated_at = $2 WHERE id = $3`, status, time.Now(), service.ID)
+	}()
+	c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{"status": "waking"})
+}
+
+// handleServiceSleep puts a service to sleep immediately (owner+ only).
+func handleServiceSleep(c *gin.Context) {
+	dbVal, _ := c.Get("db")
+	db := dbVal.(*database.DB)
+	engineVal, _ := c.Get("deployment_engine")
+	engine, _ := engineVal.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine)
+	dcVal, _ := c.Get("docker_client")
+	dc, _ := dcVal.(*docker.Client)
+	if engine == nil || dc == nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusServiceUnavailable, gin.H{"error": "deployment engine unavailable"})
+		return
+	}
+	service, ok := loadOwnedService(c, db)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	var port int
+	_ = db.QueryRow(`SELECT COALESCE(port,0) FROM services WHERE id = $1`, service.ID).Scan(&port)
+	svc := sleepCandidate{
+		ID:        service.ID,
+		ProjectID: service.ProjectID,
+		Name:      service.Name,
+		Status:    service.Status,
+	}
+	go putToSleep(context.Background(), db, dc, engine, svc, apiPortFromContext(c))
+	c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{"status": "sleeping"})
+}
+
+// handleServiceWakeNow wakes a sleeping service on demand (owner+ only).
+func handleServiceWakeNow(c *gin.Context) {
+	if _, ok := loadOwnedService(c, c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)); !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	handleServiceWake(c)
+}
+
+// apiPortFromContext pulls the configured HTTP port for the wake callback URL.
+func apiPortFromContext(c *gin.Context) int {
+	if v, exists := c.Get("api_port"); exists {
+		if p, ok := v.(int); ok {
+			return p
+		}
+	}
+	return 8080
+}

app/backend/internal/api/sleeper_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+func TestMarkIdleTracksCounter(t *testing.T) {
+	id := uuid.New()
+	timeout := 50 * time.Millisecond
+
+	// First sighting sets the baseline only.
+	if markIdle(id, 100, timeout) {
+		t.Fatal("slept on first sighting")
+	}
+	// Counter growth resets the idle clock.
+	if markIdle(id, 200, timeout) {
+		t.Fatal("slept while counter grew")
+	}
+	// Flat counter within the window doesn't sleep.
+	if markIdle(id, 200, timeout) {
+		t.Fatal("slept before timeout")
+	}
+	time.Sleep(60 * time.Millisecond)
+	if !markIdle(id, 200, timeout) {
+		t.Fatal("did not sleep after timeout")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMarkIdleZeroCounterSleeps(t *testing.T) {
+	id := uuid.New()
+	timeout := 20 * time.Millisecond
+
+	markIdle(id, 0, timeout)
+	time.Sleep(30 * time.Millisecond)
+	if !markIdle(id, 0, timeout) {
+		t.Fatal("zero-traffic service never slept")
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/system.go

@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ type hostMonitoringResponse struct {
 	Docker          map[string]any `json:"docker,omitempty"`
 	// Scope names what the telemetry actually measures: the physical host for
 	// native dockerd, or the Docker Desktop VM when the daemon runs in one.
-	Scope           string         `json:"scope"`
-	CollectedAt     string         `json:"collected_at"`
+	Scope       string `json:"scope"`
+	CollectedAt string `json:"collected_at"`
 }
 
 type hostCPU struct {

app/backend/internal/api/templategraph_compose_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v3"
+)
+
+func composeToSpecsForTest(t *testing.T, y string) ([]TemplateServiceSpec, []string, error) {
+	t.Helper()
+	var file composeFileDef
+	if err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(y), &file); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("yaml: %v", err)
+	}
+	return composeToSpecs(&file)
+}
+
+func TestComposeToSpecsConvertsStack(t *testing.T) {
+	specs, warnings, err := composeToSpecsForTest(t, `services:
+  web:
+    image: traefik/whoami:latest
+    ports:
+      - "80"
+    environment:
+      GREETING: hello-compose
+    depends_on:
+      - db
+  db:
+    image: postgres:16-alpine
+    environment:
+      POSTGRES_PASSWORD: pgsecret123
+      POSTGRES_DB: appdb
+`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if len(specs) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("want 2 specs, got %d", len(specs))
+	}
+	db, web := specs[0], specs[1]
+	if db.Key != "db" || db.Type != "database" || db.Runtime != "postgresql" {
+		t.Errorf("db spec wrong: %+v", db)
+	}
+	if db.Environment["POSTGRES_PASSWORD"] != "pgsecret123" {
+		t.Errorf("db env lost: %v", db.Environment)
+	}
+	if web.Key != "web" || web.Type != "web" || web.Runtime != "traefik/whoami:latest" {
+		t.Errorf("web spec wrong: %+v", web)
+	}
+	if web.Port != 80 {
+		t.Errorf("web port = %d, want 80", web.Port)
+	}
+	if len(web.DependsOn) != 1 || web.DependsOn[0] != "db" {
+		t.Errorf("web depends_on = %v, want [db]", web.DependsOn)
+	}
+	if len(warnings) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected warnings: %v", warnings)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestComposeToSpecsDeterministicOrder(t *testing.T) {
+	y := `services:
+  zebra:
+    image: alpine
+  alpha:
+    image: alpine
+`
+	for i := 0; i < 5; i++ {
+		specs, _, err := composeToSpecsForTest(t, y)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		if specs[0].Key != "alpha" || specs[1].Key != "zebra" {
+			t.Fatalf("unstable order: %v", specs)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestComposeToSpecsDatabaseImages(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := map[string]string{
+		"postgres:16":   "postgresql",
+		"redis:7":       "redis",
+		"mysql:8":       "mysql",
+		"mariadb:11":    "mariadb",
+		"mongo:7":       "mongodb",
+		"clickhouse:24": "clickhouse",
+	}
+	for image, want := range cases {
+		specs, _, err := composeToSpecsForTest(t, "services:\n  db:\n    image: "+image+"\n")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("%s: %v", image, err)
+		}
+		if specs[0].Type != "database" || specs[0].Runtime != want {
+			t.Errorf("%s → %+v, want database/%s", image, specs[0], want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestComposeToSpecsNoServices(t *testing.T) {
+	_, _, err := composeToSpecsForTest(t, "version: '3'\n")
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "no services") {
+		t.Errorf("want no-services error, got %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestComposeToSpecsWarnings(t *testing.T) {
+	_, warnings, err := composeToSpecsForTest(t, `services:
+  app:
+    build: .
+  orphan:
+    image: alpine
+    environment:
+      - UNSET_VAR
+`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	joined := strings.Join(warnings, "\n")
+	if !strings.Contains(joined, "build contexts are not supported") {
+		t.Errorf("missing build warning: %v", warnings)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(joined, "UNSET_VAR") {
+		t.Errorf("missing env warning: %v", warnings)
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/templategraph_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestTopoSortServicesOrdersByDependsOn(t *testing.T) {
+	sorted, err := topoSortServices([]TemplateServiceSpec{
+		{Key: "web", DependsOn: []string{"db"}},
+		{Key: "db", Type: "database"},
+		{Key: "worker", DependsOn: []string{"web", "db"}},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("topoSortServices: %v", err)
+	}
+	if sorted[0].Key != "db" || sorted[1].Key != "web" || sorted[2].Key != "worker" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected order: %v", []string{sorted[0].Key, sorted[1].Key, sorted[2].Key})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTopoSortServicesRejectsCycle(t *testing.T) {
+	_, err := topoSortServices([]TemplateServiceSpec{
+		{Key: "a", DependsOn: []string{"b"}},
+		{Key: "b", DependsOn: []string{"a"}},
+	})
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "cycle") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected cycle error, got %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestTopoSortServicesRejectsUnknownDep(t *testing.T) {
+	_, err := topoSortServices([]TemplateServiceSpec{
+		{Key: "a", DependsOn: []string{"ghost"}},
+	})
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unknown key") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected unknown-key error, got %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveStaticExpr(t *testing.T) {
+	unresolved := []string{}
+	var generated bool
+
+	v := resolveStaticExpr("{{secret}}", nil, &unresolved, &generated)
+	if len(v) != 32 || !generated {
+		t.Fatalf("secret: got %q generated=%v", v, generated)
+	}
+	v = resolveStaticExpr("{{secret(8)}}", nil, &unresolved, &generated)
+	if len(v) != 16 {
+		t.Fatalf("secret(8): got %q", v)
+	}
+	v = resolveStaticExpr("port-{{random:10}}", nil, &unresolved, &generated)
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(v, "port-") {
+		t.Fatalf("random: got %q", v)
+	}
+	v = resolveStaticExpr("{{DOMAIN:-example.com}}", nil, &unresolved, &generated)
+	if v != "example.com" {
+		t.Fatalf("var default: got %q", v)
+	}
+	v = resolveStaticExpr("{{DOMAIN}}", map[string]string{"DOMAIN": "x.io"}, &unresolved, &generated)
+	if v != "x.io" {
+		t.Fatalf("var override: got %q", v)
+	}
+	v = resolveStaticExpr("{{MISSING}}", nil, &unresolved, &generated)
+	if v != "" || len(unresolved) == 0 || unresolved[0] != "MISSING" {
+		t.Fatalf("missing var: got %q unresolved=%v", v, unresolved)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveTemplateGraphDatabaseRefs(t *testing.T) {
+	sorted, err := topoSortServices([]TemplateServiceSpec{
+		{Key: "db", Type: "database", Runtime: "postgresql", Environment: map[string]string{
+			"POSTGRES_DB": "shop",
+		}},
+		{Key: "web", Type: "web", Runtime: "nginx", DependsOn: []string{"db"}, Environment: map[string]string{
+			"DATABASE_URL":  "{{service.db.url}}",
+			"DB_HOST":       "{{service.db.host}}",
+			"DB_PORT":       "{{service.db.port}}",
+			"SESSION_TOKEN": "{{secret}}",
+		}},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("topo: %v", err)
+	}
+	graph := resolveTemplateGraph(sorted, nil)
+	if len(graph.unresolved) > 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("unresolved: %v", graph.unresolved)
+	}
+	web := graph.members[1]
+	if web.env["DB_HOST"] != "db" {
+		t.Fatalf("DB_HOST=%q", web.env["DB_HOST"])
+	}
+	if web.env["DB_PORT"] != "5432" {
+		t.Fatalf("DB_PORT=%q", web.env["DB_PORT"])
+	}
+	dbURL := web.env["DATABASE_URL"]
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(dbURL, "postgresql://") || !strings.Contains(dbURL, "@db:5432/shop") {
+		t.Fatalf("DATABASE_URL=%q", dbURL)
+	}
+	if len(web.env["SESSION_TOKEN"]) != 32 || !web.secretKeys["SESSION_TOKEN"] {
+		t.Fatalf("SESSION_TOKEN=%q secret=%v", web.env["SESSION_TOKEN"], web.secretKeys["SESSION_TOKEN"])
+	}
+	// Database member must carry the generated password so refs and the
+	// container agree.
+	db := graph.members[0]
+	if pw := db.env["POSTGRES_PASSWORD"]; len(pw) != 32 || !db.secretKeys["POSTGRES_PASSWORD"] {
+		t.Fatalf("POSTGRES_PASSWORD=%q secret=%v", pw, db.secretKeys["POSTGRES_PASSWORD"])
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(dbURL, db.env["POSTGRES_PASSWORD"]) {
+		t.Fatalf("url %q does not carry the resolved password", dbURL)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveTemplateGraphServiceRefs(t *testing.T) {
+	sorted, err := topoSortServices([]TemplateServiceSpec{
+		{Key: "api", Type: "web", Runtime: "ghcr.io/x/api:1", Port: 8080},
+		{Key: "front", Type: "web", Runtime: "ghcr.io/x/front:1", Port: 3000, DependsOn: []string{"api"}, Environment: map[string]string{
+			"API_URL": "{{service.api.url}}/v2",
+		}},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("topo: %v", err)
+	}
+	graph := resolveTemplateGraph(sorted, nil)
+	if got := graph.members[1].env["API_URL"]; got != "http://api:8080/v2" {
+		t.Fatalf("API_URL=%q", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestResolveTemplateGraphUnresolvedServiceProp(t *testing.T) {
+	sorted, _ := topoSortServices([]TemplateServiceSpec{
+		{Key: "web", Type: "web", Runtime: "nginx", Environment: map[string]string{
+			"X": "{{service.nope.host}}",
+		}},
+	})
+	graph := resolveTemplateGraph(sorted, nil)
+	if len(graph.unresolved) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected unresolved ref")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestValidateTemplateGraph(t *testing.T) {
+	if err := validateTemplateGraph([]TemplateServiceSpec{
+		{Key: "db", Type: "database", Runtime: "postgresql"},
+	}); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("valid db spec rejected: %v", err)
+	}
+	if err := validateTemplateGraph([]TemplateServiceSpec{
+		{Key: "db", Type: "database", Runtime: "nonsense"},
+	}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected unsupported db engine error")
+	}
+	if err := validateTemplateGraph([]TemplateServiceSpec{
+		{Key: "web", Type: "web"},
+	}); err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected missing runtime error")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestOfficialTemplatesAllParse walks every seeded template and asserts the
+// config parses, graph templates topo-sort + validate, and a dry-run resolve
+// produces no unresolved refs (defaults cover all expressions).
+func TestOfficialTemplatesAllParse(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, tpl := range SeedTemplates() {
+		var cfg TemplateConfig
+		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(tpl.Config), &cfg); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("%s: config parse: %v", tpl.ID, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if len(cfg.Services) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		sorted, err := topoSortServices(cfg.Services)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("%s: topo sort: %v", tpl.ID, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := validateTemplateGraph(sorted); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("%s: validate: %v", tpl.ID, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		var vars []TemplateVariable
+		if tpl.Variables != "" {
+			if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(tpl.Variables), &vars); err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("%s: variables parse: %v", tpl.ID, err)
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		userVars := map[string]string{}
+		for _, v := range vars {
+			if v.Default != "" {
+				userVars[v.Key] = v.Default
+			}
+		}
+		graph := resolveTemplateGraph(sorted, userVars)
+		if len(graph.unresolved) > 0 {
+			t.Errorf("%s: unresolved refs: %v", tpl.ID, graph.unresolved)
+		}
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/templateregistry.go

@@ -0,0 +1,186 @@
+package api
+
+// Template registry — CONTAINR_TEMPLATE_REGISTRY_URL points at another
+// Containr instance (or any server answering the same template shape):
+//   GET {base}/api/v1/templates     → {"templates": [ServiceTemplate…]}
+//   GET {base}/api/v1/templates/:id → {"template": …, "config": …, "variables": …}
+// Registry entries merge into the catalog as source:"registry"; deploying
+// one materializes it as a user template for the deployer first. The
+// bundled catalog always works offline — a dead registry never blocks it.
+
+import (
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+	"context"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/sqlc-dev/pqtype"
+)
+
+const registryCacheTTL = 60 * time.Second
+
+var registryCache struct {
+	mu        sync.Mutex
+	fetchedAt time.Time
+	templates []ServiceTemplate
+}
+
+func registryBaseURL() string {
+	base := strings.TrimRight(strings.TrimSpace(os.Getenv("CONTAINR_TEMPLATE_REGISTRY_URL")), "/")
+	base = strings.TrimSuffix(base, "/api/v1")
+	return base
+}
+
+// fetchRegistryTemplates lists the remote catalog, cached for
+// registryCacheTTL. Failures degrade to an empty list — never fatal.
+func fetchRegistryTemplates(ctx context.Context) []ServiceTemplate {
+	if registryBaseURL() == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	registryCache.mu.Lock()
+	fresh := time.Since(registryCache.fetchedAt) < registryCacheTTL && registryCache.templates != nil
+	cached := registryCache.templates
+	registryCache.mu.Unlock()
+	if fresh {
+		return cached
+	}
+
+	var templates []ServiceTemplate
+	var payload struct {
+		Templates []ServiceTemplate `json:"templates"`
+	}
+	if err := registryGet(ctx, "/api/v1/templates", &payload); err == nil {
+		templates = payload.Templates
+	}
+	for i := range templates {
+		templates[i].Source = "registry"
+	}
+
+	registryCache.mu.Lock()
+	registryCache.fetchedAt = time.Now()
+	registryCache.templates = templates
+	registryCache.mu.Unlock()
+	return templates
+}
+
+// fetchRegistryTemplate fetches one remote template's full document
+// (template + config + variables). nil when the registry lacks it.
+func fetchRegistryTemplate(ctx context.Context, id string) *ServiceTemplate {
+	base := registryBaseURL()
+	if base == "" {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var payload struct {
+		Template  ServiceTemplate    `json:"template"`
+		Config    json.RawMessage    `json:"config"`
+		Variables []TemplateVariable `json:"variables"`
+	}
+	if err := registryGet(ctx, "/api/v1/templates/"+id, &payload); err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	t := payload.Template
+	if t.ID == "" {
+		t.ID = id
+	}
+	t.Source = "registry"
+	// The detail endpoint returns config/variables decoded; store them back
+	// as raw JSON so they can persist unmodified into a local copy.
+	if len(payload.Config) > 0 {
+		t.Config = string(payload.Config)
+	}
+	if payload.Variables != nil {
+		if raw, err := json.Marshal(payload.Variables); err == nil {
+			t.Variables = string(raw)
+		}
+	}
+	return &t
+}
+
+func registryGet(ctx context.Context, path string, out interface{}) error {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, registryBaseURL()+path, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return errRegistry{resp.StatusCode}
+	}
+	return json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(out)
+}
+
+type errRegistry struct{ status int }
+
+func (e errRegistry) Error() string { return "template registry status " + http.StatusText(e.status) }
+
+// respondRegistryTemplate answers GET /templates/:id for a registry-only
+// template with the same envelope shape as local templates.
+func respondRegistryTemplate(c *gin.Context, t *ServiceTemplate) {
+	config := json.RawMessage(t.Config)
+	if len(config) == 0 {
+		config = json.RawMessage(`{}`)
+	}
+	variables := json.RawMessage(t.Variables)
+	if len(variables) == 0 {
+		variables = json.RawMessage(`[]`)
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{
+		"template":  t,
+		"config":    config,
+		"variables": variables,
+	})
+}
+
+// materializeRegistryTemplate copies a registry template into the local
+// catalog as a private template owned by the deployer, so the normal
+// deploy path (and future re-deploys) work without the registry. The
+// local id is deterministic per (registry, template, user) so repeat
+// deploys reuse the same copy instead of accumulating duplicates.
+func materializeRegistryTemplate(c *gin.Context, q *sqlcdb.Queries, userID, templateID string) (sqlcdb.ServiceTemplate, error) {
+	ownerUUID, err := uuid.Parse(userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return sqlcdb.ServiceTemplate{}, err
+	}
+	sum := sha256.Sum256([]byte(registryBaseURL() + "|" + templateID + "|" + userID))
+	localID := "reg-" + hex.EncodeToString(sum[:8])
+	if existing, err := q.GetServiceTemplateByID(c.Request.Context(), localID); err == nil {
+		return existing, nil
+	}
+
+	rt := fetchRegistryTemplate(c.Request.Context(), templateID)
+	if rt == nil {
+		return sqlcdb.ServiceTemplate{}, sql.ErrNoRows
+	}
+	variables := pqtype.NullRawMessage{}
+	if rt.Variables != "" {
+		variables = pqtype.NullRawMessage{RawMessage: json.RawMessage(rt.Variables), Valid: true}
+	}
+	if err := q.CreateUserTemplate(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.CreateUserTemplateParams{
+		ID:          localID,
+		Name:        rt.Name,
+		Description: nullableText(rt.Description),
+		Category:    rt.Category,
+		Logo:        nullableText(rt.Logo),
+		Config:      json.RawMessage(rt.Config),
+		Variables:   variables,
+		OwnerID:     uuid.NullUUID{UUID: ownerUUID, Valid: true},
+		IsPublic:    false,
+	}); err != nil {
+		return sqlcdb.ServiceTemplate{}, err
+	}
+	return q.GetServiceTemplateByID(c.Request.Context(), localID)
+}

app/backend/internal/api/templates.go

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ package api
 import (
 	"containr/internal/database"
 	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+	"containr/internal/deployment"
+	"containr/internal/secrets"
 	"context"
 	"database/sql"
 	"encoding/json"
@@ -19,21 +21,24 @@ import (
 )
 
 type ServiceTemplate struct {
-	ID          string    `json:"id" db:"id"`
-	Name        string    `json:"name" db:"name"`
-	Description string    `json:"description" db:"description"`
-	Category    string    `json:"category" db:"category"`
-	Logo        string    `json:"logo" db:"logo"`
-	Config      string    `json:"config" db:"config"`
-	Variables   string    `json:"variables" db:"variables"`
-	IsOfficial  bool      `json:"is_official" db:"is_official"`
-	OwnerID     string    `json:"owner_id,omitempty" db:"owner_id"`
-	IsPublic    bool      `json:"is_public" db:"is_public"`
-	CreatedAt   time.Time `json:"created_at" db:"created_at"`
-	UpdatedAt   time.Time `json:"updated_at" db:"updated_at"`
+	ID          string `json:"id" db:"id"`
+	Name        string `json:"name" db:"name"`
+	Description string `json:"description" db:"description"`
+	Category    string `json:"category" db:"category"`
+	Logo        string `json:"logo" db:"logo"`
+	Config      string `json:"config" db:"config"`
+	Variables   string `json:"variables" db:"variables"`
+	IsOfficial  bool   `json:"is_official" db:"is_official"`
+	OwnerID     string `json:"owner_id,omitempty" db:"owner_id"`
+	IsPublic    bool   `json:"is_public" db:"is_public"`
+	// Source marks catalog origin: "" (local/official) or "registry".
+	Source    string    `json:"source,omitempty" db:"-"`
+	CreatedAt time.Time `json:"created_at" db:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt time.Time `json:"updated_at" db:"updated_at"`
 }
 
 type TemplateConfig struct {
+	Version        int               `json:"version,omitempty"`
 	Type           string            `json:"type"`
 	Runtime        string            `json:"runtime"`
 	BuildCommand   string            `json:"build_command"`
@@ -43,6 +48,9 @@ type TemplateConfig struct {
 	Environment    map[string]string `json:"environment"`
 	Dockerfile     string            `json:"dockerfile,omitempty"`
 	NixpacksConfig map[string]string `json:"nixpacks_config,omitempty"`
+	// Services makes this a v2 graph template. When non-empty the flat
+	// fields above are ignored and deployTemplateGraph handles the deploy.
+	Services []TemplateServiceSpec `json:"services,omitempty"`
 }
 
 type TemplateVariable struct {
@@ -91,10 +99,24 @@ func handleGetTemplates(c *gin.Context) {
 	}
 
 	templates := make([]ServiceTemplate, 0, len(templateRows))
+	localIDs := make(map[string]bool, len(templateRows))
 	for _, row := range templateRows {
+		localIDs[row.ID] = true
 		templates = append(templates, mapSQLCTemplate(row))
 	}
 
+	// Merge the configured remote registry (CONTAINR_TEMPLATE_REGISTRY_URL).
+	// Registry ids never shadow local templates.
+	for _, t := range fetchRegistryTemplates(ctx) {
+		if localIDs[t.ID] {
+			continue
+		}
+		if category != "" && t.Category != category {
+			continue
+		}
+		templates = append(templates, t)
+	}
+
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"templates": templates})
 }
 
@@ -106,6 +128,11 @@ func handleGetTemplate(c *gin.Context) {
 	row, err := queries.GetServiceTemplateByID(c.Request.Context(), templateID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+			// Registry fallback — remote templates materialize read-only.
+			if rt := fetchRegistryTemplate(c.Request.Context(), templateID); rt != nil {
+				respondRegistryTemplate(c, rt)
+				return
+			}
 			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Template not found"})
 			return
 		}
@@ -147,7 +174,7 @@ func handleCreateFromTemplate(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	var req struct {
 		ProjectID string            `json:"project_id" binding:"required"`
-		Name      string            `json:"name" binding:"required"`
+		Name      string            `json:"name"`
 		Plan      string            `json:"plan,omitempty"`
 		Region    string            `json:"region,omitempty"`
 		Variables map[string]string `json:"variables"`
@@ -160,10 +187,6 @@ func handleCreateFromTemplate(c *gin.Context) {
 
 	req.ProjectID = strings.TrimSpace(req.ProjectID)
 	req.Name = strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
-	if req.Name == "" {
-		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "name is required"})
-		return
-	}
 
 	projectID, err := uuid.Parse(req.ProjectID)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -188,11 +211,18 @@ func handleCreateFromTemplate(c *gin.Context) {
 	templateRow, err := queries.GetServiceTemplateByID(ctx, templateID)
 	if err != nil {
 		if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
-			c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Template not found"})
+			// Registry template — materialize a local copy for the
+			// deployer, then continue down the normal deploy path.
+			row, mErr := materializeRegistryTemplate(c, queries, userID, templateID)
+			if mErr != nil {
+				c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Template not found"})
+				return
+			}
+			templateRow = row
+		} else {
+			c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to fetch template"})
 			return
 		}
-		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to fetch template"})
-		return
 	}
 
 	template := mapSQLCTemplate(templateRow)
@@ -213,6 +243,51 @@ func handleCreateFromTemplate(c *gin.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
+	if len(config.Services) > 0 {
+		var engine *deployment.DeploymentEngine
+		if v, exists := c.Get("deployment_engine"); exists && v != nil {
+			engine, _ = v.(*deployment.DeploymentEngine)
+		}
+		var dbHandler *DatabaseHandler
+		if v, exists := c.Get("database_handler"); exists {
+			dbHandler, _ = v.(*DatabaseHandler)
+		}
+
+		userVars := map[string]string{}
+		for _, v := range templateVars {
+			if override, ok := req.Variables[v.Key]; ok {
+				userVars[v.Key] = override
+			} else if v.Default != "" {
+				userVars[v.Key] = v.Default
+			}
+		}
+		for k, v := range req.Variables {
+			userVars[k] = v
+		}
+
+		created, fail := deployTemplateGraph(c, db, engine, dbHandler, projectID, userID,
+			config.Services, templateVars, userVars, req.Plan, req.Region, "template:"+templateID)
+		if fail != nil {
+			status := http.StatusBadRequest
+			if (*fail)["code"] == "CONFLICT" {
+				status = http.StatusConflict
+			}
+			c.JSON(status, *fail)
+			return
+		}
+		c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, gin.H{
+			"resource": "stack",
+			"created":  created,
+			"message":  fmt.Sprintf("Deployed %d resources from template %s", len(created), template.Name),
+		})
+		return
+	}
+
+	if req.Name == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "name is required"})
+		return
+	}
+
 	serviceType, err := normalizeTemplateServiceType(config.Type)
 	if err != nil {
 		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
@@ -351,11 +426,15 @@ func handleCreateFromTemplate(c *gin.Context) {
 			continue
 		}
 
+		stored := value
+		if secretKeys[key] {
+			stored = secrets.Encrypt(value)
+		}
 		err = txQueries.UpsertEnvironmentVariable(ctx, sqlcdb.UpsertEnvironmentVariableParams{
 			ID:        uuid.New(),
 			ServiceID: serviceID,
 			Key:       key,
-			Value:     value,
+			Value:     stored,
 			IsSecret:  sql.NullBool{Bool: secretKeys[key], Valid: true},
 			CreatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
 			UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: now, Valid: true},
@@ -927,6 +1006,102 @@ func SeedTemplates() []ServiceTemplate {
 			Variables:   `[]`,
 			IsOfficial:  true,
 		},
+		// Multi-service stacks — v2 graph configs. Database members become
+		// managed databases attached to the project network under their key.
+		{
+			ID:          "tpl-wordpress-stack",
+			Name:        "WordPress + MySQL",
+			Description: "WordPress with a managed MySQL database on a private project network",
+			Category:    "stack",
+			Logo:        "https://cdn.simpleicons.org/wordpress",
+			Config: `{"version":2,"services":[
+				{"key":"db","type":"database","runtime":"mysql","environment":{"MYSQL_DATABASE":"wordpress"}},
+				{"key":"web","name":"wordpress","type":"web","runtime":"wordpress:6-apache","port":80,"health_check":"/wp-login.php","depends_on":["db"],
+				 "environment":{"WORDPRESS_DB_HOST":"{{service.db.host}}","WORDPRESS_DB_USER":"{{service.db.user}}","WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD":"{{service.db.password}}","WORDPRESS_DB_NAME":"{{service.db.database}}"}}]}`,
+			Variables:  `[]`,
+			IsOfficial: true,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:          "tpl-n8n-stack",
+			Name:        "n8n + PostgreSQL",
+			Description: "n8n workflow automation backed by a managed PostgreSQL database",
+			Category:    "stack",
+			Logo:        "https://cdn.simpleicons.org/n8n",
+			Config: `{"version":2,"services":[
+				{"key":"db","type":"database","runtime":"postgresql"},
+				{"key":"n8n","type":"web","runtime":"n8nio/n8n:latest","port":5678,"health_check":"/healthz","depends_on":["db"],
+				 "environment":{"DB_TYPE":"postgresdb","DB_POSTGRESDB_HOST":"{{service.db.host}}","DB_POSTGRESDB_PORT":"{{service.db.port}}","DB_POSTGRESDB_DATABASE":"{{service.db.database}}","DB_POSTGRESDB_USER":"{{service.db.user}}","DB_POSTGRESDB_PASSWORD":"{{service.db.password}}","N8N_ENCRYPTION_KEY":"{{secret}}"}}]}`,
+			Variables:  `[]`,
+			IsOfficial: true,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:          "tpl-ghost-stack",
+			Name:        "Ghost + MySQL",
+			Description: "Ghost publishing platform backed by a managed MySQL database",
+			Category:    "stack",
+			Logo:        "https://cdn.simpleicons.org/ghost",
+			Config: `{"version":2,"services":[
+				{"key":"db","type":"database","runtime":"mysql","environment":{"MYSQL_DATABASE":"ghost"}},
+				{"key":"web","name":"ghost","type":"web","runtime":"ghost:5-alpine","port":2368,"depends_on":["db"],
+				 "environment":{"url":"{{APP_URL:-http://localhost:2368}}","database__client":"mysql","database__connection__host":"{{service.db.host}}","database__connection__user":"{{service.db.user}}","database__connection__password":"{{service.db.password}}","database__connection__database":"{{service.db.database}}"}}]}`,
+			Variables:  `[{"key":"APP_URL","label":"Public URL","default":"","required":false,"secret":false}]`,
+			IsOfficial: true,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:          "tpl-gitea-stack",
+			Name:        "Gitea + PostgreSQL",
+			Description: "Self-hosted Git service backed by a managed PostgreSQL database",
+			Category:    "stack",
+			Logo:        "https://cdn.simpleicons.org/gitea",
+			Config: `{"version":2,"services":[
+				{"key":"db","type":"database","runtime":"postgresql","environment":{"POSTGRES_DB":"gitea"}},
+				{"key":"web","name":"gitea","type":"web","runtime":"gitea/gitea:1","port":3000,"health_check":"/api/healthz","depends_on":["db"],
+				 "environment":{"GITEA__database__DB_TYPE":"postgres","GITEA__database__HOST":"{{service.db.host}}:{{service.db.port}}","GITEA__database__NAME":"{{service.db.database}}","GITEA__database__USER":"{{service.db.user}}","GITEA__database__PASSWD":"{{service.db.password}}","GITEA__security__SECRET_KEY":"{{secret}}","GITEA__security__INTERNAL_TOKEN":"{{secret(64)}}"}}]}`,
+			Variables:  `[]`,
+			IsOfficial: true,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:          "tpl-nextcloud-stack",
+			Name:        "Nextcloud + PostgreSQL + Redis",
+			Description: "Nextcloud with a managed PostgreSQL database and Redis cache",
+			Category:    "stack",
+			Logo:        "https://cdn.simpleicons.org/nextcloud",
+			Config: `{"version":2,"services":[
+				{"key":"db","type":"database","runtime":"postgresql","environment":{"POSTGRES_DB":"nextcloud"}},
+				{"key":"cache","type":"database","runtime":"redis"},
+				{"key":"web","name":"nextcloud","type":"web","runtime":"nextcloud:30-apache","port":80,"health_check":"/status.php","depends_on":["db","cache"],
+				 "environment":{"POSTGRES_HOST":"{{service.db.host}}","POSTGRES_DB":"{{service.db.database}}","POSTGRES_USER":"{{service.db.user}}","POSTGRES_PASSWORD":"{{service.db.password}}","REDIS_HOST":"{{service.cache.host}}","REDIS_HOST_PASSWORD":"{{service.cache.password}}","NEXTCLOUD_ADMIN_USER":"admin","NEXTCLOUD_ADMIN_PASSWORD":"{{secret}}","NEXTCLOUD_TRUSTED_DOMAINS":"{{APP_DOMAIN:-localhost}}"}}]}`,
+			Variables:  `[{"key":"APP_DOMAIN","label":"Trusted domain","default":"","required":false,"secret":false}]`,
+			IsOfficial: true,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:          "tpl-paperless-stack",
+			Name:        "Paperless-ngx + PostgreSQL + Redis",
+			Description: "Document management with managed PostgreSQL and Redis",
+			Category:    "stack",
+			Logo:        "https://cdn.simpleicons.org/paperlessngx",
+			Config: `{"version":2,"services":[
+				{"key":"db","type":"database","runtime":"postgresql","environment":{"POSTGRES_DB":"paperless"}},
+				{"key":"cache","type":"database","runtime":"redis"},
+				{"key":"web","name":"paperless","type":"web","runtime":"ghcr.io/paperless-ngx/paperless-ngx:latest","port":8000,"depends_on":["db","cache"],
+				 "environment":{"PAPERLESS_DBHOST":"{{service.db.host}}","PAPERLESS_DBPORT":"{{service.db.port}}","PAPERLESS_DBNAME":"{{service.db.database}}","PAPERLESS_DBUSER":"{{service.db.user}}","PAPERLESS_DBPASS":"{{service.db.password}}","PAPERLESS_REDIS":"{{service.cache.url}}","PAPERLESS_ADMIN_USER":"admin","PAPERLESS_ADMIN_PASSWORD":"{{secret}}","PAPERLESS_SECRET_KEY":"{{secret(48)}}","PAPERLESS_URL":"{{APP_URL:-http://localhost:8000}}"}}]}`,
+			Variables:  `[{"key":"APP_URL","label":"Public URL","default":"","required":false,"secret":false}]`,
+			IsOfficial: true,
+		},
+		{
+			ID:          "tpl-plausible-stack",
+			Name:        "Plausible + PostgreSQL + ClickHouse",
+			Description: "Privacy-friendly analytics with managed PostgreSQL and ClickHouse",
+			Category:    "stack",
+			Logo:        "https://cdn.simpleicons.org/plausibleanalytics",
+			Config: `{"version":2,"services":[
+				{"key":"db","type":"database","runtime":"postgresql","environment":{"POSTGRES_DB":"plausible"}},
+				{"key":"events","type":"database","runtime":"clickhouse","environment":{"CLICKHOUSE_DB":"plausible"}},
+				{"key":"web","name":"plausible","type":"web","runtime":"ghcr.io/plausible/community-edition:v2","port":8000,"health_check":"/api/health","depends_on":["db","events"],
+				 "environment":{"BASE_URL":"{{APP_URL:-http://localhost:8000}}","SECRET_KEY_BASE":"{{secret(64)}}","DATABASE_URL":"{{service.db.url}}","CLICKHOUSE_DATABASE_URL":"http://{{service.events.host}}:{{service.events.port}}/{{service.events.database}}","TOTP_VAULT_KEY":"{{secret(32)}}"}}]}`,
+			Variables:  `[{"key":"APP_URL","label":"Public URL","default":"","required":false,"secret":false}]`,
+			IsOfficial: true,
+		},
 	}
 	return templates
 }

app/backend/internal/api/terminal.go

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"net/http"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/docker"
+
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types"
+	"github.com/docker/docker/api/types/filters"
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/gorilla/websocket"
+)
+
+// Interactive terminal: a WebSocket bridged to a `docker exec` pty in the
+// service's container. Protocol is JSON text frames both ways:
+//   client → server: {"type":"stdin","data":"..."} | {"type":"resize","cols":N,"rows":N}
+//   server → client: {"type":"stdout","data":"..."} | {"type":"exit","code":N} | {"type":"error","message":"..."}
+// Shell preference: $SHELL, then bash, then sh.
+
+type terminalFrame struct {
+	Type    string `json:"type"`
+	Data    string `json:"data,omitempty"`
+	Cols    uint   `json:"cols,omitempty"`
+	Rows    uint   `json:"rows,omitempty"`
+	Code    int    `json:"code,omitempty"`
+	Message string `json:"message,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func handleServiceTerminal(c *gin.Context) {
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	serviceID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "INVALID_ID", "invalid service id")
+		return
+	}
+	projectID, found := serviceProjectID(db, serviceID)
+	if !found {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "service not found")
+		return
+	}
+	if _, allowed := projectManageAccess(c, db, projectID); !allowed {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "service not found")
+		return
+	}
+	dockerClient, _ := c.Get("docker_client")
+	client, ok := dockerClient.(*docker.Client)
+	if !ok || client == nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, "DOCKER_UNAVAILABLE", "Docker is not configured")
+		return
+	}
+
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+	containers, err := client.ListContainersFiltered(ctx, filters.NewArgs(
+		filters.Arg("label", "containr.service="+serviceID.String()),
+	), false)
+	if err != nil || len(containers) == 0 {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusConflict, "NO_CONTAINER", "service has no running container")
+		return
+	}
+	// Prefer a running container. With several matches, deterministically
+	// pick the first `containr-<service>-<n>` replica by name — that is the
+	// actual workload naming; auxiliary containers get ignored.
+	target := ""
+	sort.Slice(containers, func(i, j int) bool { return containers[i].Names[0] < containers[j].Names[0] })
+	for _, ctr := range containers {
+		if ctr.State == "running" && strings.HasPrefix(ctr.Names[0], "/containr-") {
+			target = ctr.ID
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if target == "" {
+		for _, ctr := range containers {
+			if ctr.State == "running" {
+				target = ctr.ID
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if target == "" {
+		target = containers[0].ID
+	}
+
+	conn, err := upgrader.Upgrade(c.Writer, c.Request, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	send := func(f terminalFrame) bool {
+		return conn.WriteJSON(f) == nil
+	}
+
+	// Pick a shell that actually exists — distroless images may have none.
+	// `command -v` can't probe without a shell, so start each candidate and
+	// watch for the OCI "no such file" failure.
+	var stream types.HijackedResponse
+	var execID string
+	attached := false
+	for _, candidate := range []string{"/bin/bash", "/bin/sh", "sh"} {
+		exec, err := client.ExecCreate(ctx, target, docker.ExecConfig{
+			Cmd:          []string{candidate},
+			AttachStdin:  true,
+			AttachStdout: true,
+			AttachStderr: true,
+			Tty:          true,
+			Env:          []string{"TERM=xterm-256color", "COLORTERM=truecolor"},
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		s, err := client.ExecAttach(ctx, exec.ID)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if execStartFailed(ctx, client, exec.ID, s) {
+			s.Close()
+			continue
+		}
+		stream, execID, attached = s, exec.ID, true
+		break
+	}
+	if !attached {
+		send(terminalFrame{Type: "error", Message: "no shell available in this container image"})
+		return
+	}
+	defer stream.Close()
+
+	// The client sends a resize frame with its real size right after
+	// connecting; start at a sane default meanwhile.
+	_ = client.ExecResize(ctx, execID, 80, 24)
+
+	var wsWrite sync.Mutex
+	writeJSON := func(f terminalFrame) {
+		wsWrite.Lock()
+		defer wsWrite.Unlock()
+		_ = conn.WriteJSON(f)
+	}
+
+	// Container → client.
+	go func() {
+		buf := make([]byte, 8192)
+		for {
+			n, err := stream.Reader.Read(buf)
+			if n > 0 {
+				writeJSON(terminalFrame{Type: "stdout", Data: string(buf[:n])})
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				if err != io.EOF {
+					log.Printf("terminal: exec stream ended: %v", err)
+				}
+				inspect, ierr := client.ExecInspect(context.Background(), execID)
+				code := 0
+				if ierr == nil {
+					code = inspect.ExitCode
+				}
+				writeJSON(terminalFrame{Type: "exit", Code: code})
+				_ = conn.WriteControl(websocket.CloseMessage,
+					websocket.FormatCloseMessage(websocket.CloseNormalClosure, "session ended"),
+					time.Now().Add(time.Second))
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+
+	// Client → container.
+	for {
+		_, raw, err := conn.ReadMessage()
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		var f terminalFrame
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &f); err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		switch f.Type {
+		case "stdin":
+			if _, err := stream.Conn.Write([]byte(f.Data)); err != nil {
+				return
+			}
+		case "resize":
+			_ = client.ExecResize(ctx, execID, f.Cols, f.Rows)
+		case "ping":
+			writeJSON(terminalFrame{Type: "pong"})
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// execStartFailed reports whether an attached exec failed to launch
+// (missing binary → non-zero exit, not running). The OCI failure takes a
+// moment to surface, so a short grace period elapses before judging.
+func execStartFailed(ctx context.Context, client *docker.Client, execID string, _ types.HijackedResponse) bool {
+	select {
+	case <-ctx.Done():
+		return true
+	case <-time.After(500 * time.Millisecond):
+	}
+	inspect, err := client.ExecInspect(ctx, execID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return !inspect.Running && inspect.ExitCode != 0
+}

app/backend/internal/api/user_tokens.go

@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	sqlcdb "containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+)
+
+// Personal access tokens let the CLI, MCP server, and third-party agents
+// authenticate without a browser session. The raw token (cnp_…) is
+// returned exactly once at creation; only its sha256 hash persists.
+
+var userTokenScopes = map[string]bool{"read": true, "write": true, "admin": true}
+
+func generateUserToken() (token string, prefix string, hash string, err error) {
+	buf := make([]byte, 24)
+	if _, err = rand.Read(buf); err != nil {
+		return "", "", "", err
+	}
+	token = "cnp_" + hex.EncodeToString(buf)
+	prefix = token[:12] // cnp_ + 8 hex chars, enough to identify in a list
+	sum := sha256.Sum256([]byte(token))
+	return token, prefix, hex.EncodeToString(sum[:]), nil
+}
+
+func userTokenJSON(t sqlcdb.UserToken) gin.H {
+	row := gin.H{
+		"id":         t.ID.String(),
+		"name":       t.Name,
+		"key_prefix": t.KeyPrefix,
+		"scope":      t.Scope,
+	}
+	if t.CreatedAt.Valid {
+		row["created_at"] = t.CreatedAt.Time
+	}
+	if t.LastUsedAt.Valid {
+		row["last_used_at"] = t.LastUsedAt.Time
+	}
+	if t.ExpiresAt.Valid {
+		row["expires_at"] = t.ExpiresAt.Time
+	}
+	return row
+}
+
+func handleCreateUserToken(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	queries := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+
+	var req struct {
+		Name          string `json:"name"`
+		Scope         string `json:"scope"`
+		ExpiresInDays int    `json:"expires_in_days"`
+	}
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+		return
+	}
+
+	req.Name = strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
+	if req.Name == "" {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "name is required", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	if req.Scope == "" {
+		req.Scope = "write"
+	}
+	if !userTokenScopes[req.Scope] {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "scope must be one of: read, write, admin", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+	// A token can never outrank its owner: non-admin users cannot mint
+	// admin-scope tokens even for themselves.
+	if req.Scope == "admin" && !c.GetBool("is_admin") {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, gin.H{"error": "admin scope requires a platform admin account", "code": "FORBIDDEN"})
+		return
+	}
+	if req.ExpiresInDays < 0 || req.ExpiresInDays > 3650 {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "expires_in_days must be between 0 (never) and 3650", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	token, prefix, hash, err := generateUserToken()
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to generate token", "code": "INTERNAL"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	ownerUUID, err := uuid.Parse(userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"error": "Invalid user context", "code": "INVALID_TOKEN"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	expiresAt := sql.NullTime{}
+	if req.ExpiresInDays > 0 {
+		expiresAt = sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now().Add(time.Duration(req.ExpiresInDays) * 24 * time.Hour), Valid: true}
+	}
+
+	row, err := queries.CreateUserToken(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.CreateUserTokenParams{
+		UserID:    ownerUUID,
+		Name:      req.Name,
+		KeyPrefix: prefix,
+		TokenHash: hash,
+		Scope:     req.Scope,
+		ExpiresAt: expiresAt,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to store token", "code": "INTERNAL"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	LogAudit(userID, "user_token", row.ID.String(), "create", map[string]interface{}{"name": req.Name, "scope": req.Scope})
+
+	payload := userTokenJSON(row)
+	payload["token"] = token
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, payload)
+}
+
+func handleListUserTokens(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	queries := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+
+	ownerUUID, err := uuid.Parse(userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"error": "Invalid user context", "code": "INVALID_TOKEN"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	rows, err := queries.ListUserTokens(c.Request.Context(), ownerUUID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to fetch tokens", "code": "INTERNAL"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	out := make([]gin.H, 0, len(rows))
+	for _, t := range rows {
+		out = append(out, userTokenJSON(t))
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"tokens": out})
+}
+
+func handleDeleteUserToken(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	queries := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+
+	ownerUUID, err := uuid.Parse(userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusUnauthorized, gin.H{"error": "Invalid user context", "code": "INVALID_TOKEN"})
+		return
+	}
+	tokenUUID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": "Invalid token ID", "code": "VALIDATION"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	affected, err := queries.RevokeUserToken(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.RevokeUserTokenParams{
+		ID:     tokenUUID,
+		UserID: ownerUUID,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to revoke token", "code": "INTERNAL"})
+		return
+	}
+	if affected == 0 {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusNotFound, gin.H{"error": "Token not found", "code": "NOT_FOUND"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	LogAudit(userID, "user_token", tokenUUID.String(), "revoke", nil)
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "Token revoked"})
+}

app/backend/internal/api/variables.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package api
 
 import (
 	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/secrets"
 	"net/http"
 	"time"
 
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ type EnvironmentVariable struct {
 
 type UpdateVariablesRequest struct {
 	Variables []VariableInput `json:"variables" binding:"required"`
+	Redeploy  bool            `json:"redeploy"`
 }
 
 type VariableInput struct {
@@ -159,6 +161,9 @@ func handleUpdateVariables(c *gin.Context) {
 				value = stored
 			}
 		}
+		if v.IsSecret {
+			value = secrets.Encrypt(value)
+		}
 		varID := uuid.New()
 		_, err = tx.Exec(
 			`INSERT INTO environment_variables (id, service_id, key, value, is_secret, created_at, updated_at)
@@ -204,5 +209,24 @@ func handleUpdateVariables(c *gin.Context) {
 		variables = append(variables, v)
 	}
 
-	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"variables": variables, "message": "Environment variables updated successfully"})
+	resp := gin.H{"variables": variables, "message": "Environment variables updated successfully"}
+	if req.Redeploy {
+		// Load the service spec inputs and queue a reconcile behind any
+		// in-flight deployment — new env lands in the recreated containers.
+		var svc Service
+		svcErr := db.(*database.DB).QueryRow(
+			`SELECT id, project_id, name, COALESCE(image, ''), COALESCE(command, ''),
+			        COALESCE(replicas, 1), COALESCE(port, 0), COALESCE(domain, ''),
+			        COALESCE(healthcheck_path, ''), COALESCE(restart_policy, 'unless-stopped'),
+			        COALESCE(cpu, ''), COALESCE(memory, ''),
+			        COALESCE(builder, 'auto'), COALESCE(cpu_reserve, ''), COALESCE(memory_reserve, '')
+			 FROM services WHERE id = $1`,
+			serviceID,
+		).Scan(&svc.ID, &svc.ProjectID, &svc.Name, &svc.Image, &svc.Command,
+			&svc.Replicas, &svc.Port, &svc.Domain, &svc.HealthCheckPath,
+			&svc.RestartPolicy, &svc.CPU, &svc.Memory,
+			&svc.Builder, &svc.CPUReserve, &svc.MemoryReserve)
+		resp["redeploy_queued"] = svcErr == nil && enqueueServiceRedeploy(c, db.(*database.DB), svc)
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, resp)
 }

app/backend/internal/api/volumes.go

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/docker"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+)
+
+// VolumeInfo is one docker volume plus whether any container mounts it.
+type VolumeInfo struct {
+	Name       string            `json:"name"`
+	Driver     string            `json:"driver"`
+	Mountpoint string            `json:"mountpoint"`
+	Scope      string            `json:"scope"`
+	InUse      bool              `json:"in_use"`
+	UsedBy     []string          `json:"used_by,omitempty"`
+	Labels     map[string]string `json:"labels,omitempty"`
+	CreatedAt  time.Time         `json:"created_at,omitempty"`
+}
+
+func dockerClientOr500(c *gin.Context) (*docker.Client, bool) {
+	v, exists := c.Get("docker_client")
+	if !exists || v == nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "INTERNAL", "Docker client not available")
+		return nil, false
+	}
+	return v.(*docker.Client), true
+}
+
+// handleAdminListVolumes returns the node's docker volume inventory with
+// in-use flags. Admin-only: mountpoints reveal host filesystem layout.
+func handleAdminListVolumes(c *gin.Context) {
+	client, ok := dockerClientOr500(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	ctx := c.Request.Context()
+
+	vols, err := client.ListVolumes(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadGateway, "DEPENDENCY_UNAVAILABLE", "Failed to list volumes: "+err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+
+	containers, err := client.ListContainers(ctx, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadGateway, "DEPENDENCY_UNAVAILABLE", "Failed to list containers: "+err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+	inUse := map[string][]string{}
+	for _, cont := range containers {
+		for _, m := range cont.Mounts {
+			if m.Type == "volume" {
+				name := cont.ID[:12]
+				if len(cont.Names) > 0 {
+					name = cont.Names[0]
+				}
+				inUse[m.Name] = append(inUse[m.Name], name)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	out := make([]VolumeInfo, 0, len(vols.Volumes))
+	for _, v := range vols.Volumes {
+		if v == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		info := VolumeInfo{
+			Name:       v.Name,
+			Driver:     v.Driver,
+			Mountpoint: v.Mountpoint,
+			Scope:      v.Scope,
+			Labels:     v.Labels,
+			UsedBy:     inUse[v.Name],
+		}
+		info.InUse = len(info.UsedBy) > 0
+		if t, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, v.CreatedAt); err == nil {
+			info.CreatedAt = t
+		}
+		out = append(out, info)
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"volumes": out})
+}
+
+// handleAdminDeleteVolume removes a docker volume. Docker refuses removal
+// of in-use volumes — that error is surfaced as a conflict.
+func handleAdminDeleteVolume(c *gin.Context) {
+	client, ok := dockerClientOr500(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	name := c.Param("name")
+	if name == "" {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Volume name is required")
+		return
+	}
+	if err := client.RemoveVolume(c.Request.Context(), name, false); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusConflict, "CONFLICT", "Failed to remove volume: "+err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"deleted": name})
+}

app/backend/internal/api/webhooks.go

@@ -0,0 +1,543 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"crypto/hmac"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/sha256"
+	"database/sql"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"containr/internal/database"
+	"containr/internal/database/sqlcdb"
+
+	"github.com/gin-gonic/gin"
+	"github.com/google/uuid"
+	"github.com/sqlc-dev/pqtype"
+)
+
+// Outbound webhooks: every audited action (LogAudit) emits an event named
+// "resource.action" (e.g. "service.deploy"). Webhooks subscribe with an
+// event list supporting "service.*" and "*" wildcards. Deliveries are
+// HMAC-signed and retried up to 3 times with backoff; each attempt lands
+// in webhook_deliveries.
+
+var (
+	webhookQueue   = make(chan webhookJob, 512)
+	webhookWorkers sync.Once
+)
+
+type webhookJob struct {
+	Webhook sqlcdb.OutboundWebhook
+	Event   string
+	Payload []byte
+}
+
+type webhookEventPayload struct {
+	Event      string                 `json:"event"`
+	Resource   string                 `json:"resource"`
+	ResourceID string                 `json:"resource_id"`
+	Action     string                 `json:"action"`
+	UserID     string                 `json:"user_id,omitempty"`
+	Details    map[string]interface{} `json:"details,omitempty"`
+	Timestamp  time.Time              `json:"timestamp"`
+}
+
+// emitWebhookEvent fans an audited action out to all enabled webhooks whose
+// event list matches. Called from LogAudit — fire-and-forget.
+func emitWebhookEvent(userID, resource, resourceID, action string, details map[string]interface{}) {
+	db := GetAuditDB()
+	if db == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	// Actions that already carry a resource prefix ("service.clone") pass
+	// through unchanged; bare actions ("create") get resource-qualified.
+	event := action
+	if !strings.Contains(action, ".") {
+		event = resource + "." + action
+	}
+
+	queries := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 5*time.Second)
+	defer cancel()
+	hooks, err := queries.ListEnabledOutboundWebhooks(ctx)
+	if err != nil || len(hooks) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	payload, err := json.Marshal(webhookEventPayload{
+		Event: event, Resource: resource, ResourceID: resourceID,
+		Action: action, UserID: userID, Details: details, Timestamp: time.Now().UTC(),
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	uid, uidErr := uuid.Parse(strings.TrimSpace(userID))
+	for _, hook := range hooks {
+		if !webhookEventMatches(hook.Events, event) {
+			continue
+		}
+		// Webhooks only receive events for their owner — unless subscribed to "*"
+		// is deliberate admin reach; owner scoping keeps per-user isolation.
+		if uidErr != nil || hook.UserID != uid {
+			continue
+		}
+		select {
+		case webhookQueue <- webhookJob{Webhook: hook, Event: event, Payload: payload}:
+		default:
+			// Queue full: drop rather than block the request path.
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func webhookEventMatches(events json.RawMessage, event string) bool {
+	var subs []string
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(events, &subs); err != nil || len(subs) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, sub := range subs {
+		sub = strings.TrimSpace(sub)
+		if sub == "*" || sub == event {
+			return true
+		}
+		if strings.HasSuffix(sub, ".*") && strings.HasPrefix(event, strings.TrimSuffix(sub, "*")) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// StartWebhookDispatcher launches delivery workers; call once at boot.
+func StartWebhookDispatcher() {
+	webhookWorkers.Do(func() {
+		for i := 0; i < 4; i++ {
+			go webhookDeliveryWorker()
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func webhookDeliveryWorker() {
+	for job := range webhookQueue {
+		deliverWebhook(job)
+	}
+}
+
+var webhookHTTPClient = &http.Client{Timeout: 10 * time.Second}
+
+func deliverWebhook(job webhookJob) {
+	db := GetAuditDB()
+	if db == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	queries := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	deliveryID := uuid.New()
+	_ = queries.CreateWebhookDelivery(ctx, sqlcdb.CreateWebhookDeliveryParams{
+		ID:        deliveryID,
+		WebhookID: job.Webhook.ID,
+		Event:     job.Event,
+		Payload:   pqtype.NullRawMessage{RawMessage: job.Payload, Valid: true},
+		Status:    "pending",
+	})
+
+	var lastStatus string = "failed"
+	var respStatus sql.NullInt32
+	var respBody sql.NullString
+	var durationMs sql.NullInt32
+	var deliveredAt sql.NullTime
+
+	for attempt := int32(1); attempt <= 3; attempt++ {
+		start := time.Now()
+		status, code, body := postWebhook(job, deliveryID, attempt)
+		durationMs = sql.NullInt32{Int32: int32(time.Since(start).Milliseconds()), Valid: true}
+		respStatus = code
+		respBody = body
+		if status == "success" {
+			lastStatus = "success"
+			deliveredAt = sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now().UTC(), Valid: true}
+			_ = queries.UpdateWebhookDeliveryResult(ctx, sqlcdb.UpdateWebhookDeliveryResultParams{
+				ID:             deliveryID,
+				Status:         lastStatus,
+				ResponseStatus: respStatus,
+				ResponseBody:   respBody,
+				Attempts:       attempt,
+				DurationMs:     durationMs,
+				DeliveredAt:    deliveredAt,
+			})
+			return
+		}
+		if attempt < 3 {
+			time.Sleep(time.Duration(attempt*attempt) * 2 * time.Second)
+		}
+	}
+	_ = queries.UpdateWebhookDeliveryResult(ctx, sqlcdb.UpdateWebhookDeliveryResultParams{
+		ID:             deliveryID,
+		Status:         lastStatus,
+		ResponseStatus: respStatus,
+		ResponseBody:   respBody,
+		Attempts:       3,
+		DurationMs:     durationMs,
+		DeliveredAt:    deliveredAt,
+	})
+}
+
+func postWebhook(job webhookJob, deliveryID uuid.UUID, attempt int32) (string, sql.NullInt32, sql.NullString) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, job.Webhook.Url, bytes.NewReader(job.Payload))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "failed", sql.NullInt32{}, sql.NullString{String: err.Error(), Valid: true}
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Containr-Webhook/1.0")
+	req.Header.Set("X-Containr-Event", job.Event)
+	req.Header.Set("X-Containr-Delivery", deliveryID.String())
+	if job.Webhook.Secret != "" {
+		mac := hmac.New(sha256.New, []byte(job.Webhook.Secret))
+		mac.Write(job.Payload)
+		req.Header.Set("X-Containr-Signature", "sha256="+hex.EncodeToString(mac.Sum(nil)))
+	}
+	if job.Webhook.Headers.Valid {
+		var custom map[string]string
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(job.Webhook.Headers.RawMessage, &custom); err == nil {
+			for k, v := range custom {
+				req.Header.Set(k, v)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	resp, err := webhookHTTPClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "failed", sql.NullInt32{}, sql.NullString{String: err.Error(), Valid: true}
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	body, _ := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 4096))
+	code := sql.NullInt32{Int32: int32(resp.StatusCode), Valid: true}
+	bodyStr := sql.NullString{String: string(body), Valid: len(body) > 0}
+	if resp.StatusCode >= 200 && resp.StatusCode < 300 {
+		return "success", code, bodyStr
+	}
+	return "failed", code, bodyStr
+}
+
+// ---------- HTTP API ----------
+
+type outboundWebhookResponse struct {
+	ID        string            `json:"id"`
+	Name      string            `json:"name"`
+	URL       string            `json:"url"`
+	Secret    string            `json:"secret,omitempty"`
+	Events    []string          `json:"events"`
+	Headers   map[string]string `json:"headers,omitempty"`
+	Enabled   bool              `json:"enabled"`
+	CreatedAt time.Time         `json:"created_at"`
+	UpdatedAt time.Time         `json:"updated_at"`
+}
+
+func outboundWebhookJSON(row sqlcdb.OutboundWebhook, revealSecret bool) outboundWebhookResponse {
+	var events []string
+	_ = json.Unmarshal(row.Events, &events)
+	if events == nil {
+		events = []string{}
+	}
+	var headers map[string]string
+	if row.Headers.Valid {
+		_ = json.Unmarshal(row.Headers.RawMessage, &headers)
+	}
+	resp := outboundWebhookResponse{
+		ID:      row.ID.String(),
+		Name:    row.Name,
+		URL:     row.Url,
+		Events:  events,
+		Headers: headers,
+		Enabled: row.Enabled,
+	}
+	if revealSecret {
+		resp.Secret = row.Secret
+	}
+	if row.CreatedAt.Valid {
+		resp.CreatedAt = row.CreatedAt.Time
+	}
+	if row.UpdatedAt.Valid {
+		resp.UpdatedAt = row.UpdatedAt.Time
+	}
+	return resp
+}
+
+func validWebhookURL(raw string) error {
+	u, err := url.Parse(strings.TrimSpace(raw))
+	if err != nil || (u.Scheme != "http" && u.Scheme != "https") || u.Host == "" {
+		return errors.New("url must be a valid http(s) URL")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+type webhookMutationRequest struct {
+	Name    string            `json:"name"`
+	URL     string            `json:"url"`
+	Secret  *string           `json:"secret"`
+	Events  []string          `json:"events"`
+	Headers map[string]string `json:"headers"`
+	Enabled *bool             `json:"enabled"`
+}
+
+func handleListOutboundWebhooks(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserUUID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	rows, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).ListOutboundWebhooksByUser(c.Request.Context(), userID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to list webhooks"})
+		return
+	}
+	out := make([]outboundWebhookResponse, 0, len(rows))
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		out = append(out, outboundWebhookJSON(row, false))
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"webhooks": out})
+}
+
+func handleCreateOutboundWebhook(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserUUID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	var req webhookMutationRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+		return
+	}
+	req.Name = strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
+	if req.Name == "" {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "name is required")
+		return
+	}
+	if err := validWebhookURL(req.URL); err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+	if len(req.Events) == 0 {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "at least one event subscription is required (e.g. \"service.*\" or \"*\")")
+		return
+	}
+
+	secret := ""
+	if req.Secret != nil {
+		secret = strings.TrimSpace(*req.Secret)
+	}
+	if secret == "" {
+		buf := make([]byte, 24)
+		_, _ = rand.Read(buf)
+		secret = hex.EncodeToString(buf)
+	}
+	eventsJSON, _ := json.Marshal(req.Events)
+	var headersJSON pqtype.NullRawMessage
+	if len(req.Headers) > 0 {
+		if raw, err := json.Marshal(req.Headers); err == nil {
+			headersJSON = pqtype.NullRawMessage{RawMessage: raw, Valid: true}
+		}
+	}
+	enabled := true
+	if req.Enabled != nil {
+		enabled = *req.Enabled
+	}
+
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	id := uuid.New()
+	err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).CreateOutboundWebhook(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.CreateOutboundWebhookParams{
+		ID:      id,
+		UserID:  userID,
+		Name:    req.Name,
+		Url:     strings.TrimSpace(req.URL),
+		Secret:  secret,
+		Events:  eventsJSON,
+		Headers: headersJSON,
+		Enabled: enabled,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to create webhook"})
+		return
+	}
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "webhook", id.String(), "create", map[string]interface{}{"name": req.Name})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, outboundWebhookJSON(sqlcdb.OutboundWebhook{
+		ID: id, Name: req.Name, Url: strings.TrimSpace(req.URL), Secret: secret,
+		Events: eventsJSON, Headers: headersJSON, Enabled: enabled,
+		CreatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+		UpdatedAt: sql.NullTime{Time: time.Now(), Valid: true},
+	}, true))
+}
+
+func handleUpdateOutboundWebhook(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserUUID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	webhookID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid webhook id")
+		return
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	queries := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	row, err := queries.GetOutboundWebhookByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetOutboundWebhookByIDAndUserParams{
+		ID: webhookID, UserID: userID,
+	})
+	if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "Webhook not found")
+		return
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to load webhook"})
+		return
+	}
+
+	var req webhookMutationRequest
+	if err := c.ShouldBindJSON(&req); err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusBadRequest, gin.H{"error": err.Error()})
+		return
+	}
+	name := row.Name
+	if req.Name != "" {
+		name = strings.TrimSpace(req.Name)
+	}
+	targetURL := row.Url
+	if req.URL != "" {
+		if err := validWebhookURL(req.URL); err != nil {
+			respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", err.Error())
+			return
+		}
+		targetURL = strings.TrimSpace(req.URL)
+	}
+	secret := row.Secret
+	if req.Secret != nil {
+		secret = strings.TrimSpace(*req.Secret)
+	}
+	eventsJSON := row.Events
+	if req.Events != nil {
+		if len(req.Events) == 0 {
+			respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "at least one event subscription is required")
+			return
+		}
+		eventsJSON, _ = json.Marshal(req.Events)
+	}
+	headersJSON := row.Headers
+	if req.Headers != nil {
+		if raw, err := json.Marshal(req.Headers); err == nil {
+			headersJSON = pqtype.NullRawMessage{RawMessage: raw, Valid: true}
+		}
+	}
+	enabled := row.Enabled
+	if req.Enabled != nil {
+		enabled = *req.Enabled
+	}
+
+	err = queries.UpdateOutboundWebhook(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.UpdateOutboundWebhookParams{
+		ID: webhookID, UserID: userID,
+		Name: name, Url: targetURL, Secret: secret,
+		Events: eventsJSON, Headers: headersJSON, Enabled: enabled,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to update webhook"})
+		return
+	}
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "webhook", webhookID.String(), "update", map[string]interface{}{"name": name})
+	row.Name, row.Url, row.Secret, row.Events, row.Headers, row.Enabled = name, targetURL, secret, eventsJSON, headersJSON, enabled
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, outboundWebhookJSON(row, true))
+}
+
+func handleDeleteOutboundWebhook(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserUUID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	webhookID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid webhook id")
+		return
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	err = sqlcdb.New(db.DB).DeleteOutboundWebhookByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.DeleteOutboundWebhookByIDAndUserParams{
+		ID: webhookID, UserID: userID,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to delete webhook"})
+		return
+	}
+	LogAuditWithRequest(c, "webhook", webhookID.String(), "delete", map[string]interface{}{})
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"message": "Webhook deleted"})
+}
+
+func handleListOutboundWebhookDeliveries(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserUUID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	webhookID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid webhook id")
+		return
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	queries := sqlcdb.New(db.DB)
+	if _, err := queries.GetOutboundWebhookByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetOutboundWebhookByIDAndUserParams{
+		ID: webhookID, UserID: userID,
+	}); errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "Webhook not found")
+		return
+	}
+	rows, err := queries.ListWebhookDeliveriesByWebhook(c.Request.Context(), webhookID)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to list deliveries"})
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, gin.H{"deliveries": rows})
+}
+
+func handleTestOutboundWebhook(c *gin.Context) {
+	userID, ok := requireAuthenticatedUserUUID(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	webhookID, err := uuid.Parse(c.Param("id"))
+	if err != nil {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Invalid webhook id")
+		return
+	}
+	db := c.MustGet("db").(*database.DB)
+	row, err := sqlcdb.New(db.DB).GetOutboundWebhookByIDAndUser(c.Request.Context(), sqlcdb.GetOutboundWebhookByIDAndUserParams{
+		ID: webhookID, UserID: userID,
+	})
+	if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusNotFound, "NOT_FOUND", "Webhook not found")
+		return
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		c.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, gin.H{"error": "Failed to load webhook"})
+		return
+	}
+	if !row.Enabled {
+		respondError(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "VALIDATION", "Webhook is disabled")
+		return
+	}
+	payload, _ := json.Marshal(webhookEventPayload{
+		Event: "ping", Resource: "webhook", ResourceID: webhookID.String(),
+		Action: "ping", UserID: userID.String(), Timestamp: time.Now().UTC(),
+	})
+	select {
+	case webhookQueue <- webhookJob{Webhook: row, Event: "ping", Payload: payload}:
+		c.JSON(http.StatusAccepted, gin.H{"message": "Test delivery queued"})
+	default:
+		respondError(c, http.StatusServiceUnavailable, "UNAVAILABLE", "Delivery queue is full")
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/api/webhooks_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package api
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestWebhookEventMatches(t *testing.T) {
+	subs := func(list ...string) json.RawMessage {
+		raw, _ := json.Marshal(list)
+		return raw
+	}
+	cases := []struct {
+		events json.RawMessage
+		event  string
+		want   bool
+	}{
+		{subs("service.*"), "service.deploy", true},
+		{subs("service.*"), "database.create", false},
+		{subs("*"), "service.deploy", true},
+		{subs("deployment.fail", "service.*"), "deployment.fail", true},
+		{subs("deployment.fail"), "deployment.success", false},
+		{subs(" ping "), "ping", true},
+		{subs(), "service.deploy", false},
+		{json.RawMessage(`"not-a-list"`), "service.deploy", false},
+		{json.RawMessage(`invalid`), "service.deploy", false},
+	}
+	for i, tc := range cases {
+		if got := webhookEventMatches(tc.events, tc.event); got != tc.want {
+			t.Errorf("case %d: matches(%s, %q) = %v, want %v", i, tc.events, tc.event, got, tc.want)
+		}
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/build/dockerfile.go

@@ -211,8 +211,12 @@ func (d *DockerfileBuilder) Build(ctx context.Context, req *types.BuildRequest)
 	// Build Docker image
 	imageName := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", req.ImageName, req.ImageTag)
 
-	// Create build context tar
-	buildCtx, err := createBuildContext(req.SourcePath, optimizedDockerfile)
+	// createBuildContext wants the Dockerfile contents, not its path.
+	dockerfileContent, err := os.ReadFile(optimizedDockerfile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read Dockerfile: %w", err)
+	}
+	buildCtx, err := createBuildContext(req.SourcePath, string(dockerfileContent))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create build context: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -222,6 +226,7 @@ func (d *DockerfileBuilder) Build(ctx context.Context, req *types.BuildRequest)
 		Dockerfile: "Dockerfile",
 		Tags:       []string{imageName},
 		BuildArgs:  buildArgs,
+		NoCache:    req.NoCache,
 		Remove:     true,
 	}
 

app/backend/internal/build/manager.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ type BuildManager struct {
 	railpackBuilder   *RailpackBuilder
 	nixpacksBuilder   *NixpacksBuilder
 	dockerfileBuilder *DockerfileBuilder
+	staticBuilder     *StaticBuilder
 	dockerClient      *docker.Client
 	cacheManager      *CacheManager
 	parallelBuilder   *ParallelBuilder
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ const (
 	BuildTypeRailpack   BuildType = "railpack"
 	BuildTypeNixpacks   BuildType = "nixpacks"
 	BuildTypeDockerfile BuildType = "dockerfile"
+	BuildTypeStatic     BuildType = "static"
 	BuildTypePrebuilt   BuildType = "prebuilt"
 )
 
@@ -39,6 +41,7 @@ func NewBuildManager(workDir string, dockerClient *docker.Client) *BuildManager
 		railpackBuilder:   NewRailpackBuilder(workDir, dockerClient),
 		nixpacksBuilder:   NewNixpacksBuilder(workDir, dockerClient),
 		dockerfileBuilder: NewDockerfileBuilder(workDir, dockerClient),
+		staticBuilder:     NewStaticBuilder(dockerClient),
 		dockerClient:      dockerClient,
 		cacheManager:      cacheManager,
 		parallelBuilder:   parallelBuilder,
@@ -80,6 +83,8 @@ func (bm *BuildManager) Build(ctx context.Context, req *types.BuildRequest) (*ty
 		return bm.nixpacksBuilder.Build(ctx, req)
 	case BuildTypeDockerfile:
 		return bm.dockerfileBuilder.Build(ctx, req)
+	case BuildTypeStatic:
+		return bm.staticBuilder.Build(ctx, req)
 	case BuildTypePrebuilt:
 		return bm.buildPrebuilt(ctx, req)
 	default:
@@ -95,7 +100,7 @@ func (bm *BuildManager) buildPrebuilt(ctx context.Context, req *types.BuildReque
 
 	// Pull the prebuilt image — must drain the pull stream or the daemon
 	// aborts it and the tag below races a missing image.
-	auth := registry.AuthConfig{}
+	auth := registry.AuthConfig{Username: req.PullUsername, Password: req.PullPassword}
 	if err := bm.dockerClient.PullImageWait(ctx, req.PrebuiltImage, auth); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to pull prebuilt image: %w", err)
 	}

app/backend/internal/build/nixpacks.go

@@ -498,7 +498,8 @@ func (n *NixpacksBuilder) Build(ctx context.Context, req *types.BuildRequest) (*
 		BuildArgs: map[string]*string{
 			"BUILDKIT_INLINE_CACHE": strPtr("1"),
 		},
-		Remove: true,
+		NoCache: req.NoCache,
+		Remove:  true,
 	}
 
 	_, err = n.dockerClient.BuildImage(ctx, buildCtx, buildOptions)

app/backend/internal/build/railpack.go

@@ -156,6 +156,7 @@ func (rb *RailpackBuilder) Build(ctx context.Context, req *types.BuildRequest) (
 		Tags:       []string{imageName},
 		BuildArgs:  buildArgs,
 		Labels:     req.Labels,
+		NoCache:    req.NoCache,
 		Remove:     true,
 	}
 

app/backend/internal/build/static.go

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+package build
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"containr/internal/docker"
+	"containr/internal/types"
+)
+
+// StaticBuilder produces an nginx-served image from a repo's built assets.
+// STATIC_BUILD_CMD runs inside a node build stage; STATIC_DIR names the
+// output directory copied into the nginx image. Both are overridable via
+// build args so repos with non-node toolchains can swap the build image too.
+type StaticBuilder struct {
+	dockerClient *docker.Client
+}
+
+func NewStaticBuilder(dockerClient *docker.Client) *StaticBuilder {
+	return &StaticBuilder{dockerClient: dockerClient}
+}
+
+const staticDockerfile = `ARG BUILD_IMAGE=node:20-alpine
+FROM ${BUILD_IMAGE} AS assets
+WORKDIR /app
+COPY . .
+ARG STATIC_BUILD_CMD
+RUN sh -c "${STATIC_BUILD_CMD}"
+
+FROM nginx:alpine
+ARG STATIC_DIR=dist
+COPY --from=assets /app/${STATIC_DIR} /usr/share/nginx/html
+EXPOSE 80
+CMD ["nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
+`
+
+func (s *StaticBuilder) Build(ctx context.Context, req *types.BuildRequest) (*types.BuildResponse, error) {
+	buildCmd := req.BuildCommand
+	if buildCmd == "" {
+		buildCmd = "npm ci && npm run build"
+	}
+	staticDir := req.BuildArgs["STATIC_DIR"]
+	if staticDir == "" {
+		staticDir = "dist"
+	}
+
+	buildArgs := map[string]*string{}
+	for k, v := range req.BuildArgs {
+		v := v
+		buildArgs[k] = &v
+	}
+	for k, v := range req.Environment {
+		v := v
+		buildArgs[k] = &v
+	}
+	buildArgs["STATIC_BUILD_CMD"] = &buildCmd
+	buildArgs["STATIC_DIR"] = &staticDir
+
+	imageName := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", req.ImageName, req.ImageTag)
+	buildCtx, err := createBuildContext(req.SourcePath, staticDockerfile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create build context: %w", err)
+	}
+	defer buildCtx.Close()
+
+	if _, err := s.dockerClient.BuildImage(ctx, buildCtx, docker.BuildOptions{
+		Dockerfile: "Dockerfile",
+		Tags:       []string{imageName},
+		BuildArgs:  buildArgs,
+		NoCache:    req.NoCache,
+		Remove:     true,
+	}); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to build static image: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if req.RegistryURL != "" {
+		full := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", req.RegistryURL, imageName)
+		if err := s.dockerClient.PushImage(ctx, imageName, req.RegistryURL); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to push image: %w", err)
+		}
+		imageName = full
+	}
+
+	imageInfo, err := s.dockerClient.GetImageInfo(ctx, imageName)
+	if err != nil {
+		imageInfo = &docker.ImageInfo{Size: 0}
+	}
+
+	return &types.BuildResponse{
+		ImageName: imageName,
+		ImageTag:  req.ImageTag,
+		Size:      imageInfo.Size,
+		Digest:    imageInfo.Digest,
+	}, nil
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/activity.go

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+var (
+	activitySeverity string
+	activityCategory string
+	activityResource string
+	activityProject  string
+	activityLimit    int
+)
+
+// ActivityCmd shows the enriched activity feed (audit events with
+// severity/category/label).
+var ActivityCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "activity",
+	Short: "Activity feed — enriched audit events",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		params := []string{fmt.Sprintf("limit=%d", activityLimit)}
+		if activitySeverity != "" {
+			params = append(params, "severity="+activitySeverity)
+		}
+		if activityCategory != "" {
+			params = append(params, "category="+activityCategory)
+		}
+		if activityResource != "" {
+			params = append(params, "resource="+activityResource)
+		}
+		if activityProject != "" {
+			params = append(params, "project_id="+activityProject)
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/activity?"+strings.Join(params, "&"), nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "activity")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, e := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(e, "severity"), str(e, "category"), str(e, "label"),
+				str(e, "user_email"), relTime(e, "created_at"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"SEVERITY", "CATEGORY", "EVENT", "ACTOR", "WHEN"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	ActivityCmd.Flags().StringVar(&activitySeverity, "severity", "", "filter: info|success|warning|error")
+	ActivityCmd.Flags().StringVar(&activityCategory, "category", "", "filter by category")
+	ActivityCmd.Flags().StringVar(&activityResource, "resource", "", "filter by resource type")
+	ActivityCmd.Flags().StringVar(&activityProject, "project", "", "filter by project id")
+	ActivityCmd.Flags().IntVar(&activityLimit, "limit", 50, "max events")
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/admin.go

@@ -0,0 +1,445 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// AdminCmd groups platform-admin operations.
+var AdminCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "admin",
+	Short: "Platform administration (admin scope required)",
+}
+
+var adminOverviewCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "overview",
+	Short: "Platform overview",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/admin/overview", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var adminUsersCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "users",
+	Short: "List all users",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/admin/users", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "users")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, u := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(u, "id"), str(u, "email"), str(u, "name"), str(u, "is_admin"), relTime(u, "created_at"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "EMAIL", "NAME", "ADMIN", "CREATED"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var adminImpersonateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "impersonate <user-id>",
+	Short: "Mint a 15-minute token acting as a user (audit-logged)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/admin/users/"+args[0]+"/impersonate", map[string]interface{}{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		fmt.Fprintln(cmd.ErrOrStderr(), "\nUse it with: CONTAINR_TOKEN=<token> containr <command>")
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var adminGitHubAppCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "github-app",
+	Short: "GitHub App self-provisioning",
+}
+
+var adminGitHubAppStatusCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "status",
+	Short: "Show GitHub App provisioning status",
+	RunE:  simpleGet("/admin/git/github-app"),
+}
+
+var adminGitHubAppManifestCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "manifest",
+	Short: "Build the manifest to create the instance GitHub App",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		req := map[string]interface{}{"base_url": ghAppBaseURL}
+		if ghAppOrg != "" {
+			req["organization"] = ghAppOrg
+		}
+		if ghAppName != "" {
+			req["name"] = ghAppName
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/admin/git/github-app/manifest", req)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var adminGitHubAppConvertCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "convert <code>",
+	Short: "Exchange the manifest callback code for app credentials",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/admin/git/github-app/convert", map[string]interface{}{"code": args[0]})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var (
+	ghAppBaseURL string
+	ghAppOrg     string
+	ghAppName    string
+)
+
+var adminSettingsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "settings",
+	Short: "Show platform settings",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/settings", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var adminAuditCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "audit-logs",
+	Short: "List audit log entries",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/audit-logs", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// GatewayCmd manages the API gateway (admin).
+var GatewayCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "gateway",
+	Short: "Manage the API gateway (admin)",
+}
+
+var gatewayServicesCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "services",
+	Short: "List gateway services",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/gateway/services", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var gatewayKeysCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "keys",
+	Short: "List gateway API keys",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/gateway/keys", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var gatewayAnalyticsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "analytics",
+	Short: "Gateway traffic analytics",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		kind, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("type")
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/gateway/analytics/"+kind, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// HACmd manages high availability.
+var HACmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "ha",
+	Short: "High availability controls",
+}
+
+var haStatusCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "status",
+	Short: "Show HA status",
+	RunE:  simpleGet("/ha/status"),
+}
+
+var haAlertsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "alerts",
+	Short: "List active HA alerts",
+	RunE:  simpleGet("/ha/alerts/active"),
+}
+
+var haHealthCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "health",
+	Short: "List health check results",
+	RunE:  simpleGet("/ha/health/results"),
+}
+
+var haPoliciesCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "policies",
+	Short: "List failover policies",
+	RunE:  simpleGet("/ha/failover/policies"),
+}
+
+var haEnableCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "enable",
+	Short: "Enable the HA manager",
+	RunE:  simplePost("/ha/enable"),
+}
+
+var haDisableCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "disable",
+	Short: "Disable the HA manager",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		if !Confirm("Disable HA? Services will no longer be failed over.") {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		return simplePost("/ha/disable")(cmd, args)
+	},
+}
+
+var haFailoverCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "failover",
+	Short: "Trigger a manual failover",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		if !Confirm("Trigger a platform failover now? Services may be rescheduled.") {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		return simplePost("/ha/failover")(cmd, args)
+	},
+}
+
+// ScalingCmd manages autoscaling.
+var ScalingCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "scaling",
+	Short: "Autoscaling controls",
+}
+
+var scalingStatusCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "status",
+	Short: "Show autoscaler status",
+	RunE:  simpleGet("/scaling/status"),
+}
+
+var scalingPoliciesCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "policies",
+	Short: "List scaling policies",
+	RunE:  simpleGet("/scaling/policies"),
+}
+
+var scalingServicesCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "services",
+	Short: "Show per-service scaling state",
+	RunE:  simpleGet("/scaling/services"),
+}
+
+var scalingScaleCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "scale <service-id> <replicas>",
+	Short: "Manually scale a service",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		var replicas int
+		fmt.Sscanf(args[1], "%d", &replicas)
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/scaling/services/"+args[0]+"/scale", map[string]int{"replicas": replicas})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// SecurityCmd manages security scans and findings.
+var SecurityCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "security",
+	Short: "Security scans and vulnerabilities",
+}
+
+var securityScanCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "scan <project-id>",
+	Short: "Run a security scan",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		scanType, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("type")
+		serviceID, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("service")
+		body := map[string]interface{}{"project_id": args[0], "scan_type": scanType}
+		if serviceID != "" {
+			body["service_id"] = serviceID
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/security/scans", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var securityVulnsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "vulnerabilities <project-id>",
+	Short: "List a project's vulnerabilities",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/projects/"+args[0]+"/vulnerabilities", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var securityMetricsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "metrics <project-id>",
+	Short: "Show a project's security metrics",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/projects/"+args[0]+"/security/metrics", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// simpleGet/simplePost cover the many read/trigger endpoints whose full
+// JSON response is the useful output.
+func simpleGet(path string) func(*cobra.Command, []string) error {
+	return func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", path, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func simplePost(path string) func(*cobra.Command, []string) error {
+	return func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", path, map[string]interface{}{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func init() {
+	gatewayAnalyticsCmd.Flags().String("type", "traffic", "traffic|ops")
+	securityScanCmd.Flags().String("type", "configuration", "dependency|configuration|comprehensive")
+	securityScanCmd.Flags().String("service", "", "limit scan to one service")
+
+	adminGitHubAppManifestCmd.Flags().StringVar(&ghAppBaseURL, "base-url", "", "public base URL of this instance (required)")
+	adminGitHubAppManifestCmd.Flags().StringVar(&ghAppOrg, "org", "", "create the app under this organization")
+	adminGitHubAppManifestCmd.Flags().StringVar(&ghAppName, "name", "", "app name (defaults to product name + date)")
+	adminGitHubAppManifestCmd.MarkFlagRequired("base-url")
+
+	adminGitHubAppCmd.AddCommand(adminGitHubAppStatusCmd, adminGitHubAppManifestCmd, adminGitHubAppConvertCmd)
+	AdminCmd.AddCommand(adminOverviewCmd, adminUsersCmd, adminSettingsCmd, adminAuditCmd, adminImpersonateCmd, adminGitHubAppCmd)
+	GatewayCmd.AddCommand(gatewayServicesCmd, gatewayKeysCmd, gatewayAnalyticsCmd)
+	HACmd.AddCommand(haStatusCmd, haAlertsCmd, haHealthCmd, haPoliciesCmd, haEnableCmd, haDisableCmd, haFailoverCmd)
+	ScalingCmd.AddCommand(scalingStatusCmd, scalingPoliciesCmd, scalingServicesCmd, scalingScaleCmd)
+	SecurityCmd.AddCommand(securityScanCmd, securityVulnsCmd, securityMetricsCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/auth.go

@@ -2,139 +2,166 @@ package commands
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"net/http"
-	"strings"
-	"time"
+	"os"
 
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+	"golang.org/x/term"
 )
 
-// AuthCmd represents the auth command
+// AuthCmd groups authentication commands.
 var AuthCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "auth",
-	Short: "Authenticate with Containr API",
-	Long: `Manage authentication with the Containr API.
-You can login, logout, and check your current authentication status.`,
+	Short: "Authenticate with a Containr instance",
+	Long: `Login with a personal access token (cnp_...) created under
+Settings → Personal Access Tokens, check status, or switch profiles.`,
 }
 
-// loginCmd represents the login command
 var loginCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "login [token]",
-	Short: "Login to Containr",
-	Long: `Login to Containr using your API token.
-You can get your token from the Containr web interface.`,
+	Short: "Store a personal access token",
+	Long: `Login with a cnp_ token. Reads interactively when no argument is
+given. The token is verified against the API before it is stored.`,
 	Args: cobra.MaximumNArgs(1),
 	RunE: runLogin,
 }
 
-// logoutCmd represents the logout command
 var logoutCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "logout",
-	Short: "Logout from Containr",
-	Long:  `Remove stored authentication credentials.`,
+	Short: "Remove the stored token",
 	RunE:  runLogout,
 }
 
-// statusCmd represents the status command
 var statusCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "status",
-	Short: "Check authentication status",
-	Long:  `Check if you are currently authenticated with Containr.`,
+	Short: "Show the active profile and verify the token",
 	RunE:  runStatus,
 }
 
 func init() {
-	AuthCmd.AddCommand(loginCmd)
-	AuthCmd.AddCommand(logoutCmd)
-	AuthCmd.AddCommand(statusCmd)
+	loginCmd.Flags().String("url", "", "API URL to store in the profile (e.g. https://containr.example.com)")
+	loginCmd.Flags().String("name", "", "profile name to save under (default: active profile)")
+	AuthCmd.AddCommand(loginCmd, logoutCmd, statusCmd)
+}
+
+type profileResponse struct {
+	ID      string `json:"id"`
+	Email   string `json:"email"`
+	Name    string `json:"name"`
+	IsAdmin bool   `json:"is_admin"`
 }
 
 func runLogin(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
 	var token string
-
 	if len(args) > 0 {
 		token = args[0]
-	} else {
-		// Prompt for token
-		fmt.Print("Enter your Containr API token: ")
-		fmt.Scanln(&token)
+	} else if isTerminal() {
+		fmt.Fprint(os.Stderr, "Token: ")
+		raw, err := term.ReadPassword(int(os.Stdin.Fd()))
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		token = string(raw)
 	}
-
 	if token == "" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("token is required")
+		return &APIError{Message: "token is required — pass it as an argument or pipe it via stdin", ExitCode: ExitValidation}
 	}
 
-	// Store token in config
-	viper.Set("token", token)
-	if err := viper.WriteConfig(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to save token: %w", err)
+	// Verify before saving so a mistyped token fails loudly.
+	urlFlag, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("url")
+	probe := &Client{BaseURL: ResolveAPIURL(), Token: token}
+	if urlFlag != "" {
+		probe.BaseURL = normalizeBase(urlFlag)
+	}
+	var profile profileResponse
+	if err := probe.DoJSON("GET", "/user/profile", nil, &profile); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("token verification failed: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	fmt.Println("✓ Successfully logged in to Containr")
+	name, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("name")
+	if name == "" {
+		name = ActiveProfile()
+	}
+	if err := SaveProfile(name, probe.BaseURL, token); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to save profile: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if JSONMode() {
+		return PrintJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+			"profile": name, "api_url": probe.BaseURL,
+			"user": profile,
+		})
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("Logged in as %s (%s) — profile %q → %s\n", profile.Name, profile.Email, name, probe.BaseURL)
 	return nil
 }
 
 func runLogout(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-	// Remove token from config
-	viper.Set("token", "")
-	if err := viper.WriteConfig(); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to remove token: %w", err)
+	name := ActiveProfile()
+	if err := ClearProfileToken(name); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to update config: %w", err)
+	}
+	if !JSONMode() {
+		fmt.Printf("Removed token from profile %q\n", name)
+	} else {
+		return PrintJSON(map[string]string{"status": "ok", "profile": name})
 	}
-
-	fmt.Println("✓ Successfully logged out from Containr")
 	return nil
 }
 
 func runStatus(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-	token := viper.GetString("token")
-	if token == "" {
-		fmt.Println("❌ Not authenticated")
-		fmt.Println("Run 'containr auth login <token>' to authenticate")
+	client := NewClient()
+	profile := ActiveProfile()
+
+	if JSONMode() {
+		out := map[string]interface{}{
+			"profile": profile,
+			"api_url": client.BaseURL,
+		}
+		if client.Token != "" {
+			var p profileResponse
+			if err := client.DoJSON("GET", "/user/profile", nil, &p); err == nil {
+				out["user"] = p
+				out["authenticated"] = true
+			} else {
+				out["authenticated"] = false
+			}
+		} else {
+			out["authenticated"] = false
+		}
+		return PrintJSON(out)
+	}
+
+	fmt.Printf("Profile:  %s\n", profile)
+	fmt.Printf("API URL:  %s\n", client.BaseURL)
+	if client.Token == "" {
+		fmt.Println("Token:    not set — run `containr auth login <token>`")
 		return nil
 	}
-
-	fmt.Println("✓ Authenticated with Containr")
-	apiURL := buildAPIURL("/user/profile")
-	fmt.Printf("API URL: %s\n", strings.TrimSuffix(buildAPIURL(""), "/"))
-
-	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, apiURL, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create verification request: %w", err)
-	}
-	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
-
-	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 5 * time.Second}
-	resp, err := client.Do(req)
-	if err != nil {
-		fmt.Printf("⚠ Token verification unavailable: %v\n", err)
+	var p profileResponse
+	if err := client.DoJSON("GET", "/user/profile", nil, &p); err != nil {
+		fmt.Printf("Token:    present but rejected (%v)\n", err)
 		return nil
 	}
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
-
-	switch resp.StatusCode {
-	case http.StatusOK:
-		fmt.Println("✓ Token verified against API")
-	case http.StatusUnauthorized, http.StatusForbidden:
-		fmt.Println("❌ Token rejected by API (expired/invalid)")
-	default:
-		fmt.Printf("⚠ Token verification returned unexpected status: %s\n", resp.Status)
+	fmt.Printf("Identity: %s <%s>\n", p.Name, p.Email)
+	if p.IsAdmin {
+		fmt.Println("Role:     platform admin")
 	}
 
+	var bannersResp struct {
+		Banners []struct {
+			Title string `json:"title"`
+			Body  string `json:"body"`
+			Level string `json:"level"`
+		} `json:"banners"`
+	}
+	if err := client.DoJSON("GET", "/banners/active", nil, &bannersResp); err == nil {
+		for _, b := range bannersResp.Banners {
+			fmt.Printf("[%s] %s\n", b.Level, b.Title)
+			if b.Body != "" {
+				fmt.Printf("      %s\n", b.Body)
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	return nil
 }
-
-func buildAPIURL(endpoint string) string {
-	baseURL := viper.GetString("api-url")
-	if baseURL == "" {
-		baseURL = "http://localhost:8080/api/v1"
-	}
-	baseURL = strings.TrimSuffix(baseURL, "/")
-	if endpoint == "" {
-		return baseURL
-	}
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(endpoint, "/") {
-		endpoint = "/" + endpoint
-	}
-	return baseURL + endpoint
-}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/auth_test.go

@@ -6,16 +6,52 @@ import (
 	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 )
 
-func TestBuildAPIURLDefaultsAndTrimming(t *testing.T) {
+func TestResolveAPIURLDefaultsAndTrimming(t *testing.T) {
 	viper.Set("api-url", "")
-	got := buildAPIURL("/user/profile")
-	if got != "http://localhost:8080/api/v1/user/profile" {
+	viper.Set("current_profile", "")
+	viper.Set("profiles.default.api_url", "")
+	if got := ResolveAPIURL(); got != "http://localhost:8080/api/v1" {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected default api url: %s", got)
 	}
 
 	viper.Set("api-url", "https://api.example.com/api/v1/")
-	got = buildAPIURL("user/profile")
-	if got != "https://api.example.com/api/v1/user/profile" {
+	if got := ResolveAPIURL(); got != "https://api.example.com/api/v1" {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected trimmed api url: %s", got)
 	}
+
+	// Bare hosts gain the /api/v1 suffix.
+	viper.Set("api-url", "https://containr.example.com")
+	if got := ResolveAPIURL(); got != "https://containr.example.com/api/v1" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected suffixed api url: %s", got)
+	}
+	viper.Set("api-url", "")
+}
+
+func TestResolveTokenProfileAndEnv(t *testing.T) {
+	viper.Set("token", "")
+	viper.Set("current_profile", "staging")
+	viper.Set("profiles.staging.token", "cnp_staging")
+	if got := ResolveToken(); got != "cnp_staging" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected profile token, got %s", got)
+	}
+	t.Setenv("CONTAINR_TOKEN", "cnp_env")
+	if got := ResolveToken(); got != "cnp_env" {
+		t.Fatalf("env should win over profile, got %s", got)
+	}
+	viper.Set("token", "cnp_flag")
+	if got := ResolveToken(); got != "cnp_flag" {
+		t.Fatalf("flag should win over env, got %s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestExitCodeMapping(t *testing.T) {
+	if got := exitCodeFor(401); got != ExitAuth {
+		t.Fatalf("401 → %d, want %d", got, ExitAuth)
+	}
+	if got := exitCodeFor(404); got != ExitNotFound {
+		t.Fatalf("404 → %d, want %d", got, ExitNotFound)
+	}
+	if got := exitCodeFor(400); got != ExitValidation {
+		t.Fatalf("400 → %d, want %d", got, ExitValidation)
+	}
 }

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/backuptargets.go

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// BackupTargetsCmd manages S3-compatible backup destinations.
+var BackupTargetsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "backup-targets",
+	Aliases: []string{"backup-target", "targets"},
+	Short:   "Manage S3-compatible backup targets",
+}
+
+var btListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list",
+	Short: "List backup targets",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/backup-targets", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "backup_targets")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, t := range items {
+			creds := "no"
+			if str(t, "has_credentials") == "true" {
+				creds = "yes"
+			}
+			rows = append(rows, []string{str(t, "id"), str(t, "name"), str(t, "endpoint"), str(t, "bucket"), creds})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "NAME", "ENDPOINT", "BUCKET", "CREDS"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var btAddCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "add <name>",
+	Short: "Register an S3-compatible backup target (probed before storing)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{"name": args[0]}
+		for _, f := range []string{"endpoint", "bucket", "region", "prefix", "access-key", "secret-key"} {
+			if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString(f); v != "" {
+				key := f
+				switch f {
+				case "access-key":
+					key = "access_key"
+				case "secret-key":
+					key = "secret_key"
+				}
+				body[key] = v
+			}
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("no-tls") {
+			v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("no-tls")
+			body["use_tls"] = !v
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/backup-targets", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var btUpdateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "update <id>",
+	Short: "Update a backup target (re-probed; empty keys keep stored credentials)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{}
+		// endpoint/bucket are required by the API — fall back to stored values.
+		for _, f := range []string{"name", "endpoint", "bucket", "region", "prefix", "access-key", "secret-key"} {
+			if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString(f); v != "" {
+				key := f
+				switch f {
+				case "access-key":
+					key = "access_key"
+				case "secret-key":
+					key = "secret_key"
+				}
+				body[key] = v
+			}
+		}
+		if _, hasEndpoint := body["endpoint"]; !hasEndpoint {
+			data, err := c.Do("GET", "/backup-targets", nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			items, err := unwrapList(data, "backup_targets")
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			for _, t := range items {
+				if str(t, "id") == args[0] {
+					body["endpoint"] = str(t, "endpoint")
+					if _, ok := body["bucket"]; !ok {
+						body["bucket"] = str(t, "bucket")
+					}
+					if _, ok := body["name"]; !ok {
+						body["name"] = str(t, "name")
+					}
+					break
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("no-tls") {
+			v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("no-tls")
+			body["use_tls"] = !v
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("PUT", "/backup-targets/"+args[0], body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var btRemoveCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "remove <id>",
+	Short: "Delete a backup target (fails while databases still point at it)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !Confirm(fmt.Sprintf("Delete backup target %s?", args[0])) {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		if _, err := c.Do("DELETE", "/backup-targets/"+args[0], nil); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			return PrintJSON(map[string]string{"status": "deleted", "id": args[0]})
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Deleted backup target %s\n", args[0])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var btTestCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "test <id>",
+	Short: "Re-probe a backup target's bucket access",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/backup-targets/"+args[0]+"/test", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		m, _ := unwrapObject(data)
+		if str(m, "ok") == "false" {
+			return &APIError{Message: "probe failed: " + str(m, "error"), ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Target ok (%sms)\n", str(m, "latency_ms"))
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	btAddCmd.Flags().String("endpoint", "", "S3 endpoint host[:port] (e.g. s3.amazonaws.com, garage.local:3900)")
+	btAddCmd.Flags().String("bucket", "", "bucket name")
+	btAddCmd.Flags().String("region", "", "region (optional for most S3-compatible stores)")
+	btAddCmd.Flags().String("prefix", "", "key prefix for archives")
+	btAddCmd.Flags().String("access-key", "", "access key (stored encrypted)")
+	btAddCmd.Flags().String("secret-key", "", "secret key (stored encrypted)")
+	btAddCmd.Flags().Bool("no-tls", false, "use plain HTTP")
+	btUpdateCmd.Flags().String("name", "", "new name")
+	btUpdateCmd.Flags().String("endpoint", "", "S3 endpoint host[:port]")
+	btUpdateCmd.Flags().String("bucket", "", "bucket name")
+	btUpdateCmd.Flags().String("region", "", "region")
+	btUpdateCmd.Flags().String("prefix", "", "key prefix")
+	btUpdateCmd.Flags().String("access-key", "", "access key")
+	btUpdateCmd.Flags().String("secret-key", "", "secret key")
+	btUpdateCmd.Flags().Bool("no-tls", false, "use plain HTTP")
+	BackupTargetsCmd.AddCommand(btListCmd, btAddCmd, btUpdateCmd, btRemoveCmd, btTestCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/banners.go

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+var (
+	bannerTitle  string
+	bannerLevel  string
+	bannerBody   string
+	bannerActive bool
+)
+
+// BannersCmd manages instance-wide announcement banners (admin).
+var BannersCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "banners",
+	Short: "Manage announcement banners (admin)",
+}
+
+var bannerListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list",
+	Short: "List all banners",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/admin/banners", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "banners")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, b := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(b, "id"), str(b, "title"), str(b, "level"), str(b, "active"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "TITLE", "LEVEL", "ACTIVE"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var bannerCreateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "create <title>",
+	Short: "Create a banner (--body --level info|success|warning|error)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		req := map[string]interface{}{"title": args[0]}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("body") {
+			req["body"] = bannerBody
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("level") {
+			req["level"] = bannerLevel
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/admin/banners", req)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var bannerUpdateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "update <id>",
+	Short: "Update a banner (--title --body --level --active/--inactive)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		req := map[string]interface{}{}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("title") {
+			req["title"] = bannerTitle
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("body") {
+			req["body"] = bannerBody
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("level") {
+			req["level"] = bannerLevel
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("active") {
+			req["active"] = bannerActive
+		}
+		if len(req) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("nothing to update — pass --title/--body/--level/--active")
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("PATCH", "/admin/banners/"+args[0], req)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var bannerDeleteCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "delete <id>",
+	Short: "Delete a banner",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		if !Confirm("Delete banner " + args[0] + "?") {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		_, err = c.Do("DELETE", "/admin/banners/"+args[0], nil)
+		return err
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	bannerCreateCmd.Flags().StringVar(&bannerBody, "body", "", "banner body text")
+	bannerCreateCmd.Flags().StringVar(&bannerLevel, "level", "info", "info|success|warning|error")
+	bannerUpdateCmd.Flags().StringVar(&bannerTitle, "title", "", "new title")
+	bannerUpdateCmd.Flags().StringVar(&bannerBody, "body", "", "new body")
+	bannerUpdateCmd.Flags().StringVar(&bannerLevel, "level", "", "info|success|warning|error")
+	bannerUpdateCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&bannerActive, "active", true, "set banner active/inactive")
+	BannersCmd.AddCommand(bannerListCmd, bannerCreateCmd, bannerUpdateCmd, bannerDeleteCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/client.go

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+)
+
+// Exit codes — stable for scripting and agent use.
+const (
+	ExitOK          = 0
+	ExitError       = 1
+	ExitAuth        = 2
+	ExitNotFound    = 3
+	ExitValidation  = 4
+	ExitUnavailable = 5
+)
+
+// APIError is a non-2xx response from the Containr API. Code carries the
+// stable exit code so `main` can map errors to exit statuses.
+type APIError struct {
+	Status   int
+	Message  string
+	ExitCode int
+}
+
+func (e *APIError) Error() string {
+	if e.Message != "" {
+		return e.Message
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("request failed with status %d", e.Status)
+}
+
+func exitCodeFor(status int) int {
+	switch status {
+	case http.StatusUnauthorized, http.StatusForbidden:
+		return ExitAuth
+	case http.StatusNotFound:
+		return ExitNotFound
+	case http.StatusBadRequest, http.StatusConflict, http.StatusUnprocessableEntity:
+		return ExitValidation
+	default:
+		return ExitError
+	}
+}
+
+// Client is a thin authenticated HTTP client for the Containr API. All CLI
+// commands go through it — no command builds its own request.
+type Client struct {
+	BaseURL    string
+	Token      string
+	HTTPClient *http.Client
+}
+
+// NewClient resolves the active profile (flag > env > current_profile) and
+// returns a client ready to call the API. Call RequireAuth() for commands
+// that need a token.
+func NewClient() *Client {
+	return &Client{
+		BaseURL:    ResolveAPIURL(),
+		Token:      ResolveToken(),
+		HTTPClient: &http.Client{Timeout: 60 * time.Second},
+	}
+}
+
+// RequireAuth returns an error suitable for the CLI when no token is set.
+func (c *Client) RequireAuth() error {
+	if c.Token == "" {
+		return &APIError{
+			Status:   0,
+			Message:  "not authenticated — run `containr auth login <token>` or set CONTAINR_TOKEN",
+			ExitCode: ExitAuth,
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Do performs an API request. body may be nil, a []byte, or any value that
+// marshals to JSON. Returns the raw response body.
+func (c *Client) Do(method, path string, body interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
+	var reader io.Reader
+	if body != nil {
+		var data []byte
+		switch v := body.(type) {
+		case []byte:
+			data = v
+		default:
+			var err error
+			data, err = json.Marshal(body)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to encode request: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+		reader = bytes.NewReader(data)
+	}
+
+	url := c.BaseURL + path
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(method, url, reader)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if c.Token != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+c.Token)
+	}
+	if body != nil {
+		req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	}
+	if k := viper.GetString("idempotency-key"); k != "" && method == http.MethodPost {
+		req.Header.Set("Idempotency-Key", k)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	hc := c.HTTPClient
+	if hc == nil {
+		hc = &http.Client{Timeout: 60 * time.Second}
+	}
+	resp, err := hc.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, &APIError{
+			Status:   0,
+			Message:  fmt.Sprintf("cannot reach %s: %v", c.BaseURL, err),
+			ExitCode: ExitUnavailable,
+		}
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	data, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 64<<20))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
+		msg := strings.TrimSpace(string(data))
+		var envelope struct {
+			Error string `json:"error"`
+			Code  string `json:"code"`
+		}
+		if json.Unmarshal(data, &envelope) == nil && envelope.Error != "" {
+			msg = envelope.Error
+			if envelope.Code != "" {
+				msg = envelope.Code + ": " + msg
+			}
+		}
+		return nil, &APIError{
+			Status:   resp.StatusCode,
+			Message:  msg,
+			ExitCode: exitCodeFor(resp.StatusCode),
+		}
+	}
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+// DoRaw sends a non-JSON request body (file uploads) and returns the response.
+func (c *Client) DoRaw(method, path string, body io.Reader, contentType string) ([]byte, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(method, c.BaseURL+path, body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if c.Token != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+c.Token)
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", contentType)
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+
+	hc := c.HTTPClient
+	if hc == nil {
+		hc = &http.Client{Timeout: 5 * time.Minute}
+	}
+	resp, err := hc.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, &APIError{Status: 0, Message: fmt.Sprintf("cannot reach %s: %v", c.BaseURL, err), ExitCode: ExitUnavailable}
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	data, err := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 64<<20))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response: %w", err)
+	}
+	if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
+		msg := strings.TrimSpace(string(data))
+		var envelope struct {
+			Error string `json:"error"`
+			Code  string `json:"code"`
+		}
+		if json.Unmarshal(data, &envelope) == nil && envelope.Error != "" {
+			msg = envelope.Error
+			if envelope.Code != "" {
+				msg = envelope.Code + ": " + msg
+			}
+		}
+		return nil, &APIError{Status: resp.StatusCode, Message: msg, ExitCode: exitCodeFor(resp.StatusCode)}
+	}
+	return data, nil
+}
+
+// DoJSON performs a request and unmarshals the response into out.
+func (c *Client) DoJSON(method, path string, body interface{}, out interface{}) error {
+	data, err := c.Do(method, path, body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if out == nil || len(data) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return json.Unmarshal(data, out)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/config.go

@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+)
+
+// ActiveProfile resolves which profile applies: --profile flag >
+// CONTAINR_PROFILE env > current_profile in config > "default".
+func ActiveProfile() string {
+	if p := viper.GetString("profile"); p != "" {
+		return p
+	}
+	if p := os.Getenv("CONTAINR_PROFILE"); p != "" {
+		return p
+	}
+	if p := viper.GetString("current_profile"); p != "" {
+		return p
+	}
+	return "default"
+}
+
+// ResolveAPIURL returns the effective API base URL:
+// --api-url flag > CONTAINR_API_URL env > profile.api_url > localhost default.
+func ResolveAPIURL() string {
+	if u := viper.GetString("api-url"); u != "" {
+		return normalizeBase(u)
+	}
+	if u := os.Getenv("CONTAINR_API_URL"); u != "" {
+		return normalizeBase(u)
+	}
+	if u := viper.GetString("profiles." + ActiveProfile() + ".api_url"); u != "" {
+		return normalizeBase(u)
+	}
+	return "http://localhost:8080/api/v1"
+}
+
+// ResolveToken returns the effective auth token:
+// --token flag > CONTAINR_TOKEN env > profile.token.
+func ResolveToken() string {
+	if t := viper.GetString("token"); t != "" {
+		return t
+	}
+	if t := os.Getenv("CONTAINR_TOKEN"); t != "" {
+		return t
+	}
+	return viper.GetString("profiles." + ActiveProfile() + ".token")
+}
+
+func normalizeBase(u string) string {
+	u = strings.TrimSuffix(strings.TrimSpace(u), "/")
+	// Accept the bare host too — append the API prefix when missing.
+	if u != "" && !strings.HasSuffix(u, "/api/v1") {
+		u += "/api/v1"
+	}
+	return u
+}
+
+// SaveProfile persists api_url/token under a named profile and makes it
+// current. Creates the config file if none exists.
+func SaveProfile(name, apiURL, token string) error {
+	base := "profiles." + name
+	if apiURL != "" {
+		viper.Set(base+".api_url", apiURL)
+	}
+	if token != "" {
+		viper.Set(base+".token", token)
+	}
+	viper.Set("current_profile", name)
+	return writeConfig()
+}
+
+// ClearProfileToken removes only the token from the active profile.
+func ClearProfileToken(name string) error {
+	viper.Set("profiles."+name+".token", "")
+	return writeConfig()
+}
+
+// ListProfiles returns profile name → api_url for `auth status --all`.
+func ListProfiles() map[string]string {
+	out := map[string]string{}
+	profiles := viper.GetStringMap("profiles")
+	for name := range profiles {
+		if u := viper.GetString("profiles." + name + ".api_url"); u != "" {
+			out[name] = u
+		} else {
+			out[name] = "(no url)"
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func writeConfig() error {
+	if err := viper.WriteConfig(); err != nil {
+		// No config file yet — create one.
+		home, herr := os.UserHomeDir()
+		if herr != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("cannot locate home directory: %w", herr)
+		}
+		return viper.WriteConfigAs(home + "/.containr.yaml")
+	}
+	return nil
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/cron.go

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// CronCmd manages scheduled jobs.
+var CronCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "cron",
+	Aliases: []string{"cron-jobs"},
+	Short:   "Manage cron jobs",
+}
+
+var cronListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list",
+	Short: "List cron jobs",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/cron-jobs", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "cron_jobs", "jobs")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, j := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(j, "id"), str(j, "name"), str(j, "schedule"), str(j, "service_id"),
+				str(j, "enabled", "is_active"), relTime(j, "last_run_at"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "NAME", "SCHEDULE", "SERVICE", "ENABLED", "LAST RUN"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var cronGetCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "get <id>",
+	Short: "Show a cron job",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/cron-jobs/"+args[0], nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var cronCreateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "create",
+	Short: "Create a cron job (5-field expression)",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{}
+		for _, f := range []string{"name", "schedule", "command", "service-id", "timezone"} {
+			v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString(f)
+			if v != "" {
+				key := f
+				if f == "service-id" {
+					key = "service_id"
+				}
+				body[key] = v
+			}
+		}
+		if body["service_id"] == nil || body["schedule"] == nil || body["command"] == nil {
+			return &APIError{Message: "--service-id, --schedule, and --command are required", ExitCode: ExitValidation}
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/cron-jobs", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var cronDeleteCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "delete <id>",
+	Short: "Delete a cron job",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !Confirm(fmt.Sprintf("Delete cron job %s?", args[0])) {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		if _, err := c.Do("DELETE", "/cron-jobs/"+args[0], nil); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			return PrintJSON(map[string]string{"status": "deleted", "id": args[0]})
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Deleted cron job %s\n", args[0])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var cronTriggerCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "trigger <id>",
+	Short: "Run a cron job now",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/cron-jobs/"+args[0]+"/trigger", map[string]interface{}{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var cronExecutionsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "executions <id>",
+	Short: "List a cron job's execution history",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/cron-jobs/"+args[0]+"/executions", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "executions")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, e := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(e, "id"), str(e, "status", "exit_code"), str(e, "started_at"), str(e, "output", "stdout"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "STATUS", "STARTED", "OUTPUT"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	cronCreateCmd.Flags().String("name", "", "job name")
+	cronCreateCmd.Flags().String("service-id", "", "target service id (required)")
+	cronCreateCmd.Flags().String("schedule", "", "5-field cron expression (required)")
+	cronCreateCmd.Flags().String("command", "", "command run inside the container (required)")
+	cronCreateCmd.Flags().String("timezone", "", "IANA timezone (default UTC)")
+	CronCmd.AddCommand(cronListCmd, cronGetCmd, cronCreateCmd, cronDeleteCmd, cronTriggerCmd, cronExecutionsCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/databases.go

@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// DatabasesCmd manages managed databases.
+var DatabasesCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "databases",
+	Aliases: []string{"database", "db"},
+	Short:   "Manage databases",
+}
+
+var dbListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list",
+	Short: "List managed databases",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/databases", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "databases")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, d := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(d, "id"), str(d, "name"), str(d, "type", "engine"), str(d, "status"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "NAME", "TYPE", "STATUS"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var dbGetCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "get <id>",
+	Short: "Show a database (connection URL included)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/databases/"+args[0], nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var dbCreateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "create <name>",
+	Short: "Provision a managed database",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		dbType, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("type")
+		body := map[string]interface{}{"name": args[0], "type": dbType}
+		for _, f := range []string{"version", "storage-size"} {
+			if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString(f); v != "" {
+				key := f
+				if f == "storage-size" {
+					key = "storage_size"
+				}
+				body[key] = v
+			}
+		}
+		if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("public"); v {
+			body["public_port"] = true
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/databases", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var dbUpdateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "update <id>",
+	Short: "Update a database (--public/--public=false toggles the exposed host port)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("public") {
+			v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("public")
+			body["public_port"] = v
+		}
+		if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("name"); v != "" {
+			body["name"] = v
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("backup-schedule") {
+			v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("backup-schedule")
+			body["backup_schedule"] = v
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("backup-target") {
+			v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("backup-target")
+			body["backup_target_id"] = v
+		}
+		if len(body) == 0 {
+			return &APIError{Message: "nothing to update — pass --public/--private-style flags, --name, --backup-schedule, or --backup-target", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("PUT", "/databases/"+args[0], body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var dbDeleteCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "delete <id>",
+	Short: "Delete a database and its data",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !Confirm(fmt.Sprintf("Delete database %s and all its data?", args[0])) {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		if _, err := c.Do("DELETE", "/databases/"+args[0], nil); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			return PrintJSON(map[string]string{"status": "deleted", "id": args[0]})
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Deleted database %s\n", args[0])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var dbActionCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "action <id> <start|stop|restart>",
+	Short: "Start, stop, or restart a database",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/databases/"+args[0]+"/action", map[string]string{"action": args[1]})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var dbBackupCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "backup <id>",
+	Short: "Take a manual backup snapshot",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/databases/"+args[0]+"/backup", map[string]interface{}{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var dbRestoreCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "restore <id> <backup-id>",
+	Short: "Restore a database from a backup",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !Confirm(fmt.Sprintf("Restore database %s from backup %s? Current data will be overwritten.", args[0], args[1])) {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/databases/"+args[0]+"/restore", map[string]string{"backup_id": args[1], "database_id": args[0]})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var dbImportBackupCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "import-backup <id> <file.tar.gz|->",
+	Short: "Import a .tar.gz archive as a restore point (use '-' for stdin)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		var src io.ReadCloser
+		if args[1] == "-" {
+			src = io.NopCloser(os.Stdin)
+		} else {
+			f, err := os.Open(args[1])
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			src = f
+		}
+		defer src.Close()
+		data, err := c.DoRaw("POST", "/databases/"+args[0]+"/backups/import", src, "application/gzip")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var dbDownloadCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "download-backup <id> <backup-id> [file]",
+	Short: "Download a backup archive",
+	Args:  cobra.RangeArgs(2, 3),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", fmt.Sprintf("/databases/%s/backups/%s/download", args[0], args[1]), nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		out := args[1] + ".tar.gz"
+		if len(args) > 2 {
+			out = args[2]
+		}
+		if err := os.WriteFile(out, data, 0o600); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			return PrintJSON(map[string]string{"file": out})
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Wrote %s (%d bytes)\n", out, len(data))
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var dbRegisterCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "register <name>",
+	Short: "Register an external database (probes the connection first)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{"name": args[0]}
+		for _, f := range []string{"type", "host", "database", "username", "password"} {
+			if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString(f); v != "" {
+				body[f] = v
+			}
+		}
+		if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetInt("port"); v > 0 {
+			body["port"] = v
+		}
+		if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("ssl"); v {
+			body["ssl"] = true
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/databases/register-external", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		m, _ := unwrapObject(data)
+		fmt.Printf("Registered external database %s (%s)\n", args[0], str(m, "id"))
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var dbTestConnCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "test-connection [<id>]",
+	Short: "Probe a database connection — by id, or with --type/--host flags",
+	Args:  cobra.MaximumNArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		var data []byte
+		if len(args) == 1 {
+			data, err = c.Do("POST", "/databases/"+args[0]+"/test-connection", map[string]interface{}{})
+		} else {
+			body := map[string]interface{}{}
+			for _, f := range []string{"type", "host", "database", "username", "password"} {
+				if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString(f); v != "" {
+					body[f] = v
+				}
+			}
+			if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetInt("port"); v > 0 {
+				body["port"] = v
+			}
+			if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("ssl"); v {
+				body["ssl"] = true
+			}
+			data, err = c.Do("POST", "/databases/test-connection", body)
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		m, _ := unwrapObject(data)
+		if str(m, "ok") == "false" {
+			return &APIError{Message: "connection failed: " + str(m, "error"), ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Connection ok (%sms)\n", str(m, "latency_ms"))
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	dbCreateCmd.Flags().String("type", "postgres", "postgres|mysql|mariadb|mongodb|redis|dragonfly|clickhouse")
+	dbCreateCmd.Flags().String("version", "", "engine version tag")
+	dbCreateCmd.Flags().String("storage-size", "", "volume size (e.g. 10Gi)")
+	dbCreateCmd.Flags().Bool("public", false, "bind the database port on all interfaces (default: localhost only)")
+	dbUpdateCmd.Flags().Bool("public", false, "bind the database port on all interfaces")
+	dbUpdateCmd.Flags().String("name", "", "rename the database")
+	dbUpdateCmd.Flags().String("backup-schedule", "", "cron expression for automatic backups (empty clears)")
+	dbUpdateCmd.Flags().String("backup-target", "", "backup target id for offsite archives (empty clears)")
+	for _, cmd := range []*cobra.Command{dbRegisterCmd, dbTestConnCmd} {
+		cmd.Flags().String("type", "postgres", "postgres|mysql|mariadb|mongodb|redis|dragonfly|clickhouse")
+		cmd.Flags().String("host", "", "database host")
+		cmd.Flags().Int("port", 0, "database port (default per type)")
+		cmd.Flags().String("database", "", "database name")
+		cmd.Flags().String("username", "", "database username")
+		cmd.Flags().String("password", "", "database password (stored encrypted on register)")
+		cmd.Flags().Bool("ssl", false, "require TLS")
+	}
+	DatabasesCmd.AddCommand(dbListCmd, dbGetCmd, dbCreateCmd, dbUpdateCmd, dbRegisterCmd, dbTestConnCmd, dbDeleteCmd, dbActionCmd, dbBackupCmd, dbRestoreCmd, dbImportBackupCmd, dbDownloadCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/deploy.go

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// DeployCmd triggers a deployment for a service.
+var DeployCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "deploy <service-id>",
+	Short: "Trigger a deployment",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{"trigger": "cli"}
+		if nc, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("no-cache"); nc {
+			body["no_cache"] = true
+		}
+		for _, f := range []string{"commit-hash", "branch"} {
+			if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString(f); v != "" {
+				key := "commit_hash"
+				if f == "branch" {
+					key = "branch"
+				}
+				body[key] = v
+			}
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/services/"+args[0]+"/deployments", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		d, _ := unwrapObject(data, "deployment")
+		fmt.Printf("Deployment %s started for service %s (status: %s)\n",
+			str(d, "id"), args[0], str(d, "status"))
+		fmt.Println("Follow with: containr deployments logs " + str(d, "id"))
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// DeploymentsCmd manages deployment history.
+var DeploymentsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "deployments",
+	Aliases: []string{"deployment"},
+	Short:   "Inspect deployments",
+}
+
+var deploymentsListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list [service-id]",
+	Short: "List deployments (all recent, or for one service)",
+	Args:  cobra.MaximumNArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		path := "/deployments"
+		if len(args) > 0 {
+			path = "/services/" + args[0] + "/deployments"
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", path, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "deployments")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, d := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(d, "id"), str(d, "service_id"), str(d, "status"), str(d, "trigger"), relTime(d, "created_at", "started_at"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "SERVICE", "STATUS", "TRIGGER", "STARTED"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var deploymentsGetCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "get <id>",
+	Short: "Show a deployment",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/deployments/"+args[0], nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var deploymentsLogsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "logs <id>",
+	Short: "Stream a deployment's build/deploy logs",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE:  runDeploymentLogs,
+}
+
+var deploymentsCancelCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "cancel <id>",
+	Short: "Cancel a queued or running deployment",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/deployments/"+args[0]+"/cancel", map[string]interface{}{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		obj, _ := unwrapObject(data)
+		fmt.Printf("Deployment %s: %s\n", args[0], str(obj, "status"))
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var deploymentsRollbackCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "rollback <id>",
+	Short: "Roll back to a deployment",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/deployments/"+args[0]+"/rollback", map[string]interface{}{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Rolled back to deployment %s\n", args[0])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	DeployCmd.Flags().String("commit-hash", "", "commit to deploy")
+	DeployCmd.Flags().String("branch", "", "branch to deploy")
+	DeployCmd.Flags().Bool("no-cache", false, "build without Docker layer cache")
+	DeploymentsCmd.AddCommand(deploymentsListCmd, deploymentsGetCmd, deploymentsLogsCmd, deploymentsRollbackCmd, deploymentsCancelCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/exec.go

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/gorilla/websocket"
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"golang.org/x/term"
+)
+
+// ShellCmd opens an interactive shell inside a service's running container.
+var ShellCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "shell <service-id>",
+	Short: "Interactive shell inside the service container",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		serviceID := args[0]
+		cli, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		base := strings.TrimRight(cli.BaseURL, "/")
+		wsURL := strings.Replace(base, "http", "ws", 1) + "/services/" + serviceID + "/terminal"
+
+		header := http.Header{}
+		header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+cli.Token)
+		conn, _, err := websocket.DefaultDialer.Dial(wsURL, header)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("terminal: %w", err)
+		}
+		defer conn.Close()
+
+		fd := int(os.Stdin.Fd())
+		raw := term.IsTerminal(fd)
+		var oldState *term.State
+		if raw {
+			oldState, err = term.MakeRaw(fd)
+			if err == nil {
+				defer term.Restore(fd, oldState)
+			}
+			sendSize := func() {
+				if w, h, err := term.GetSize(fd); err == nil {
+					_ = conn.WriteJSON(map[string]interface{}{"type": "resize", "cols": w, "rows": h})
+				}
+			}
+			sendSize()
+			defer watchResize(sendSize)()
+		}
+
+		done := make(chan struct{})
+		// stdin → ws
+		go func() {
+			buf := make([]byte, 4096)
+			for {
+				n, err := os.Stdin.Read(buf)
+				if n > 0 {
+					if werr := conn.WriteJSON(map[string]interface{}{
+						"type": "stdin", "data": string(buf[:n]),
+					}); werr != nil {
+						return
+					}
+				}
+				if err != nil {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}()
+		// ws → stdout
+		go func() {
+			defer close(done)
+			for {
+				var frame struct {
+					Type    string `json:"type"`
+					Data    string `json:"data"`
+					Code    int    `json:"code"`
+					Message string `json:"message"`
+				}
+				if err := conn.ReadJSON(&frame); err != nil {
+					return
+				}
+				switch frame.Type {
+				case "stdout":
+					_, _ = os.Stdout.WriteString(frame.Data)
+				case "exit":
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "\r\n[session ended — exit %d]\r\n", frame.Code)
+					return
+				case "error":
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "\r\nerror: %s\r\n", frame.Message)
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}()
+
+		select {
+		case <-done:
+		case <-time.After(24 * time.Hour):
+		}
+		return nil
+	},
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/exec_resize_unix.go

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+//go:build !windows
+
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"os/signal"
+	"syscall"
+)
+
+// watchResize forwards SIGWINCH events to send. Returns a stop func.
+func watchResize(send func()) func() {
+	sigCh := make(chan os.Signal, 1)
+	signal.Notify(sigCh, syscall.SIGWINCH)
+	done := make(chan struct{})
+	go func() {
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-sigCh:
+				send()
+			case <-done:
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+	return func() {
+		signal.Stop(sigCh)
+		close(done)
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/exec_resize_windows.go

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+//go:build windows
+
+package commands
+
+// watchResize is a no-op on Windows — console resize events don't map to a
+// signal. The initial size is still sent, and Windows Terminal resize is rare
+// enough to accept stale dimensions for now.
+func watchResize(send func()) func() { return func() {} }

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/helpers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// client returns an authenticated API client or an ExitAuth error.
+func client() (*Client, error) {
+	c := NewClient()
+	if err := c.RequireAuth(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return c, nil
+}
+
+// unwrapList accepts both top-level arrays and {"<key>": [...]} envelopes,
+// which the Containr API uses inconsistently between endpoints.
+func unwrapList(data []byte, keys ...string) ([]map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	var arr []map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &arr); err == nil {
+		return arr, nil
+	}
+	var obj map[string]json.RawMessage
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &obj); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected response shape: %w", err)
+	}
+	for _, k := range keys {
+		if raw, ok := obj[k]; ok {
+			if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &arr); err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot decode %q: %w", k, err)
+			}
+			return arr, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return []map[string]interface{}{}, nil
+}
+
+func unwrapObject(data []byte, keys ...string) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	var obj map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &obj); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected response shape: %w", err)
+	}
+	for _, k := range keys {
+		if inner, ok := obj[k].(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+			return inner, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return obj, nil
+}
+
+// str extracts a display string from a response map.
+func str(m map[string]interface{}, keys ...string) string {
+	for _, k := range keys {
+		if v, ok := m[k]; ok && v != nil {
+			switch t := v.(type) {
+			case string:
+				return t
+			case float64:
+				if t == float64(int64(t)) {
+					return fmt.Sprintf("%d", int64(t))
+				}
+				return fmt.Sprintf("%v", t)
+			case bool:
+				return fmt.Sprintf("%t", t)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return "-"
+}
+
+func shortID(m map[string]interface{}) string {
+	id := str(m, "id")
+	if len(id) > 8 {
+		return id[:8]
+	}
+	return id
+}
+
+func relTime(m map[string]interface{}, keys ...string) string {
+	for _, k := range keys {
+		s, ok := m[k].(string)
+		if !ok || s == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		t, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339Nano, s)
+		if err != nil {
+			return s
+		}
+		d := time.Since(t)
+		switch {
+		case d < time.Minute:
+			return "just now"
+		case d < time.Hour:
+			return fmt.Sprintf("%dm ago", int(d.Minutes()))
+		case d < 24*time.Hour:
+			return fmt.Sprintf("%dh ago", int(d.Hours()))
+		default:
+			return fmt.Sprintf("%dd ago", int(d.Hours()/24))
+		}
+	}
+	return "-"
+}
+
+// printRows renders a table, or raw JSON for the full response in --json mode.
+func printRows(raw []byte, headers []string, rows [][]string) {
+	if JSONMode() {
+		PrintRaw(raw)
+		return
+	}
+	PrintTable(headers, rows)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/import.go

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+var importVars []string
+
+var ImportCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "import",
+	Short: "Import external definitions into Containr",
+}
+
+var importComposeCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "compose <project-id> <compose.yml|->",
+	Short: "Deploy a docker-compose file straight into a project (no template)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		var raw []byte
+		var err error
+		if args[1] == "-" {
+			raw, err = io.ReadAll(os.Stdin)
+		} else {
+			raw, err = os.ReadFile(args[1])
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("cannot read compose file: %w", err)
+		}
+		vars, err := parseKVFlags(importVars)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{"compose_yaml": string(raw)}
+		if len(vars) > 0 {
+			body["variables"] = vars
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/projects/"+args[0]+"/import-compose", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	importComposeCmd.Flags().StringArrayVar(&importVars, "var", nil, "Variable override (KEY=VALUE, repeatable)")
+	ImportCmd.AddCommand(importComposeCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/invites.go

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+var inviteEmail string
+var inviteTTL int
+
+// InvitesCmd manages team invite links (admin).
+var InvitesCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "invites",
+	Short: "Manage team invite links (admin)",
+}
+
+var inviteListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list",
+	Short: "List invites",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/admin/invites", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "invites")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, i := range items {
+			state := "open"
+			if _, used := i["used_at"]; used && i["used_at"] != nil {
+				state = "used"
+			}
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(i, "id"), str(i, "email"), str(i, "expires_at"), state,
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "EMAIL", "EXPIRES", "STATE"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var inviteCreateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "create",
+	Short: "Create an invite link (--email to bind, --hours for TTL)",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		req := map[string]interface{}{}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("email") {
+			req["email"] = inviteEmail
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("hours") {
+			req["expires_in_hours"] = inviteTTL
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/admin/invites", req)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var inviteRevokeCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "revoke <id>",
+	Short: "Revoke an invite",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		if !Confirm("Revoke invite " + args[0] + "?") {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		_, err = c.Do("DELETE", "/admin/invites/"+args[0], nil)
+		return err
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	inviteCreateCmd.Flags().StringVar(&inviteEmail, "email", "", "bind invite to this email")
+	inviteCreateCmd.Flags().IntVar(&inviteTTL, "hours", 168, "invite lifetime in hours (1-2160)")
+	InvitesCmd.AddCommand(inviteListCmd, inviteCreateCmd, inviteRevokeCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/logs.go

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// LogsCmd prints service runtime logs.
+var LogsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "logs <service-id>",
+	Short: "Print or follow service logs",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		follow, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("follow")
+		tail, _ := cmd.Flags().GetInt("tail")
+		path := fmt.Sprintf("/services/%s/logs?tail=%d", args[0], tail)
+		if follow {
+			return streamSSE(c, path+"&follow=true")
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", path, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return printLogEntries(data)
+	},
+}
+
+// ExecCmd runs a one-off command inside a service container.
+var ExecCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "exec <service-id> -- <command>",
+	Short: "Run a one-off command in the service container (30s ceiling)",
+	Args:  cobra.MinimumNArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		command := strings.Join(args[1:], " ")
+		if command == "" {
+			return &APIError{Message: "no command given — usage: containr exec <id> -- <command>", ExitCode: ExitValidation}
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/services/"+args[0]+"/exec", map[string]string{"command": command})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		resp, _ := unwrapObject(data)
+		fmt.Print(str(resp, "output", "stdout"))
+		if code := str(resp, "exit_code", "exitCode"); code != "-" && code != "0" {
+			return &APIError{Message: fmt.Sprintf("command exited with %s", code), ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+type logEntry struct {
+	Timestamp string `json:"timestamp"`
+	Message   string `json:"message"`
+	Stream    string `json:"stream"`
+}
+
+// printLogEntries decodes the {"logs":[...]} envelope both log endpoints use.
+func printLogEntries(data []byte) error {
+	var payload struct {
+		Logs    []logEntry `json:"logs"`
+		Message string     `json:"message"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &payload); err != nil {
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	}
+	if JSONMode() {
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	}
+	for _, e := range payload.Logs {
+		fmt.Println(e.Message)
+	}
+	if len(payload.Logs) == 0 && payload.Message != "" {
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, payload.Message)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// runDeploymentLogs prints persisted build+runtime logs for a deployment.
+func runDeploymentLogs(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	c, err := client()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	logType, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("type")
+	data, err := c.Do("GET", "/deployments/"+args[0]+"/logs?type="+logType, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if JSONMode() {
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	}
+	var payload struct {
+		BuildLog   string `json:"build_log"`
+		RuntimeLog string `json:"runtime_log"`
+	}
+	if json.Unmarshal(data, &payload) == nil && (payload.BuildLog != "" || payload.RuntimeLog != "") {
+		if payload.BuildLog != "" {
+			fmt.Print(payload.BuildLog)
+		}
+		if payload.RuntimeLog != "" {
+			fmt.Print(payload.RuntimeLog)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	return printLogEntries(data)
+}
+
+// streamSSE consumes a text/event-stream response and prints each
+// `data:` line's message field until the server closes the stream.
+func streamSSE(c *Client, path string) error {
+	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", c.BaseURL+path, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+c.Token)
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "text/event-stream")
+	hc := c.HTTPClient
+	if hc == nil {
+		hc = http.DefaultClient
+	}
+	resp, err := hc.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return &APIError{Message: fmt.Sprintf("cannot reach %s: %v", c.BaseURL, err), ExitCode: ExitUnavailable}
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
+		return &APIError{Status: resp.StatusCode, ExitCode: exitCodeFor(resp.StatusCode)}
+	}
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(resp.Body)
+	scanner.Buffer(make([]byte, 64<<10), 4<<20)
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		line := scanner.Text()
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(line, "data:") {
+			continue
+		}
+		var e logEntry
+		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(strings.TrimPrefix(line, "data:")), &e); err == nil {
+			fmt.Println(e.Message)
+		} else {
+			fmt.Println(strings.TrimSpace(strings.TrimPrefix(line, "data:")))
+		}
+	}
+	return scanner.Err()
+}
+
+func init() {
+	LogsCmd.Flags().BoolP("follow", "f", false, "stream new log lines (SSE)")
+	LogsCmd.Flags().Int("tail", 100, "number of lines to return")
+	deploymentsLogsCmd.Flags().String("type", "all", "log type: all|build|runtime")
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/migrate.go

@@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+const railwayAPI = "https://backboard.railway.com/graphql/v2"
+
+// railwaySource mirrors the Railway serviceInstance.source union.
+type railwaySource struct {
+	Repo  string `json:"repo"`
+	Image string `json:"image"`
+}
+
+type railwayServicePlan struct {
+	ID        string
+	Name      string
+	Source    railwaySource
+	Command   string
+	Replicas  int
+	Domains   []string
+	Variables map[string]string
+}
+
+// MigrateCmd imports workloads from other platforms.
+var MigrateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "migrate",
+	Short: "Import workloads from other platforms",
+}
+
+var migrateRailwayCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "railway",
+	Short: "Migrate a Railway project into Containr",
+	Long: `Pulls a Railway project's services, variables, and domains via the
+public GraphQL API and recreates them in Containr.
+
+  containr migrate railway --token <railway-token> --project <id> --dry-run
+  containr migrate railway --token <railway-token> --project <id> --into <project-id>
+
+Token: account/workspace token (Authorization: Bearer) or a project token.
+--into defaults to creating a project named after the Railway project.`,
+	Args: cobra.NoArgs,
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		token, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("token")
+		if token == "" {
+			token = os.Getenv("RAILWAY_TOKEN")
+		}
+		if token == "" {
+			return &APIError{Message: "pass --token or set RAILWAY_TOKEN", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		projectID, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("project")
+		envName, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("environment")
+		into, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("into")
+		dryRun, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("dry-run")
+
+		projectName, envID, services, err := railwayProject(projectID, envName, token)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if len(services) == 0 {
+			return &APIError{Message: "no services found in that Railway project/environment", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+
+		plans := make([]railwayServicePlan, 0, len(services))
+		for _, svc := range services {
+			plan, err := railwayServiceDetail(svc, envID, token)
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "warning: %s: %v — skipping\n", svc["name"], err)
+				continue
+			}
+			plans = append(plans, plan)
+		}
+		if len(plans) == 0 {
+			return &APIError{Message: "no migratable services", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("Railway project %q → %d service(s)\n", projectName, len(plans))
+		for _, p := range plans {
+			src := p.Source.Image
+			if src == "" {
+				src = railwayRepoURL(p.Source.Repo)
+			}
+			fmt.Printf("  %s  src=%s replicas=%d vars=%d domains=%d\n",
+				p.Name, src, max(p.Replicas, 1), len(p.Variables), len(p.Domains))
+		}
+
+		if dryRun {
+			fmt.Println("\nDry run — pass without --dry-run to create these resources.")
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		target := into
+		if target == "" {
+			data, err := c.Do("POST", "/projects", map[string]interface{}{
+				"name":        projectName,
+				"description": "Imported from Railway",
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			p, _ := unwrapObject(data, "project")
+			target = str(p, "id")
+			if target == "" || target == "-" {
+				return &APIError{Message: "project created but id missing from response", ExitCode: ExitError}
+			}
+			fmt.Printf("Created project %s (%s)\n", projectName, target)
+		}
+
+		for _, p := range plans {
+			body := map[string]interface{}{
+				"name":        p.Name,
+				"type":        "web",
+				"environment": "production",
+			}
+			if p.Source.Image != "" {
+				body["image"] = p.Source.Image
+			} else if repo := railwayRepoURL(p.Source.Repo); repo != "" {
+				body["git_repo"] = repo
+			} else {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "warning: %s has no source — skipping\n", p.Name)
+				continue
+			}
+			if p.Command != "" {
+				body["command"] = p.Command
+			}
+			if p.Replicas > 1 {
+				body["replicas"] = p.Replicas
+			}
+			data, err := c.Do("POST", "/projects/"+target+"/services", body)
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: create %s: %v\n", p.Name, err)
+				continue
+			}
+			svc, _ := unwrapObject(data, "service")
+			svcID := str(svc, "id")
+			fmt.Printf("  created service %s (%s)\n", p.Name, svcID)
+
+			if len(p.Variables) > 0 && svcID != "" && svcID != "-" {
+				vars := make([]map[string]interface{}, 0, len(p.Variables))
+				for k, v := range p.Variables {
+					vars = append(vars, map[string]interface{}{"key": k, "value": v, "is_secret": false})
+				}
+				if _, err := c.Do("PUT", "/services/"+svcID+"/variables",
+					map[string]interface{}{"variables": vars}); err != nil {
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "  warning: variables for %s: %v\n", p.Name, err)
+				}
+			}
+			for _, domain := range p.Domains {
+				if svcID == "" || svcID == "-" {
+					break
+				}
+				if _, err := c.Do("POST", "/services/"+svcID+"/domains",
+					map[string]interface{}{"domain": domain}); err != nil {
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "  warning: domain %s: %v\n", domain, err)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		fmt.Println("Done. Railway deploy triggers are not migrated — redeploy each service when ready.")
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// railwayGraphQL posts a query; Railway returns 200 with an errors array on
+// partial failures — treat errors as fatal, the migration needs clean data.
+func railwayGraphQL(token, query string, variables map[string]interface{}) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	body, _ := json.Marshal(map[string]interface{}{"query": query, "variables": variables})
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, railwayAPI, bytes.NewReader(body))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+	// Project tokens use a dedicated header; account/workspace tokens use Bearer.
+	if strings.HasPrefix(token, "rw_pat") || strings.HasPrefix(token, "rw_pt") {
+		req.Header.Set("Project-Access-Token", token)
+	} else {
+		req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+token)
+	}
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}
+	resp, err := client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	raw, _ := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 4<<20))
+	var out struct {
+		Data   map[string]interface{} `json:"data"`
+		Errors []struct {
+			Message string `json:"message"`
+		} `json:"errors"`
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &out); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("railway response not JSON (status %d)", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+	if len(out.Errors) > 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("railway: %s", out.Errors[0].Message)
+	}
+	if resp.StatusCode >= 300 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("railway status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+	return out.Data, nil
+}
+
+// railwayProject resolves the project (by id, or sole accessible project) and
+// returns its name, the target environment id, and its services.
+func railwayProject(projectID, envName, token string) (string, string, []map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	if projectID == "" {
+		data, err := railwayGraphQL(token,
+			`query { projects(first: 100) { edges { node { id name } } } }`, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", "", nil, err
+		}
+		projects := edgesOf(data, "projects")
+		if len(projects) == 1 {
+			projectID = str(projects[0], "id")
+		} else {
+			for _, p := range projects {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "  %s  %s\n", str(p, "id"), str(p, "name"))
+			}
+			return "", "", nil, &APIError{
+				Message:  "multiple projects — pass --project <id> (listed above)",
+				ExitCode: ExitError,
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	data, err := railwayGraphQL(token, `query ($id: String!) {
+		project(id: $id) {
+			name
+			environments { edges { node { id name } } }
+			services { edges { node { id name } } }
+		}
+	}`, map[string]interface{}{"id": projectID})
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", "", nil, err
+	}
+	project, _ := data["project"].(map[string]interface{})
+	if project == nil {
+		return "", "", nil, &APIError{Message: "railway project not found", ExitCode: ExitNotFound}
+	}
+	envs := edgesOf(project, "environments")
+	envID := ""
+	for _, e := range envs {
+		if str(e, "name") == envName {
+			envID = str(e, "id")
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if envID == "" && len(envs) == 1 {
+		envID = str(envs[0], "id")
+	}
+	if envID == "" {
+		names := make([]string, 0, len(envs))
+		for _, e := range envs {
+			names = append(names, str(e, "name"))
+		}
+		return "", "", nil, &APIError{
+			Message:  fmt.Sprintf("environment %q not found (have: %s)", envName, strings.Join(names, ", ")),
+			ExitCode: ExitError,
+		}
+	}
+	return str(project, "name"), envID, edgesOf(project, "services"), nil
+}
+
+// railwayServiceDetail pulls source, command, replicas, domains, and
+// variables for one service in the target environment.
+func railwayServiceDetail(svc map[string]interface{}, envID, token string) (railwayServicePlan, error) {
+	plan := railwayServicePlan{
+		ID:   str(svc, "id"),
+		Name: str(svc, "name"),
+	}
+	data, err := railwayGraphQL(token, `query ($sid: String!, $eid: String!) {
+		serviceInstance(serviceId: $sid, environmentId: $eid) {
+			startCommand
+			numReplicas
+			source { repo image }
+			domains { serviceDomains { domain } customDomains { domain } }
+		}
+	}`, map[string]interface{}{"sid": plan.ID, "eid": envID})
+	if err != nil {
+		return plan, err
+	}
+	inst, _ := data["serviceInstance"].(map[string]interface{})
+	if inst == nil {
+		return plan, fmt.Errorf("no service instance in this environment")
+	}
+	if src, ok := inst["source"].(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+		plan.Source = railwaySource{Repo: str(src, "repo"), Image: str(src, "image")}
+	}
+	if cmd, ok := inst["startCommand"].(string); ok {
+		plan.Command = cmd
+	}
+	if n, ok := inst["numReplicas"].(float64); ok {
+		plan.Replicas = int(n)
+	}
+	if domains, ok := inst["domains"].(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+		for _, group := range []string{"serviceDomains", "customDomains"} {
+			if list, ok := domains[group].([]interface{}); ok {
+				for _, d := range list {
+					if m, ok := d.(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+						if dom := str(m, "domain"); dom != "" && dom != "-" {
+							plan.Domains = append(plan.Domains, dom)
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	vdata, err := railwayGraphQL(token, `query ($sid: String!, $eid: String!) {
+		variables(serviceId: $sid, environmentId: $eid)
+	}`, map[string]interface{}{"sid": plan.ID, "eid": envID})
+	if err == nil {
+		if vars, ok := vdata["variables"].(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+			plan.Variables = map[string]string{}
+			for k, v := range vars {
+				if s, ok := v.(string); ok {
+					// Railway reference variables (${{…}}) resolve at deploy
+					// time — carry them literally so they stay visible.
+					plan.Variables[k] = s
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return plan, nil
+}
+
+// railwayRepoURL normalizes Railway's "owner/repo" to a cloneable https URL.
+func railwayRepoURL(repo string) string {
+	repo = strings.TrimSpace(repo)
+	if repo == "" || repo == "-" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(repo, "://") || strings.HasPrefix(repo, "git@") {
+		return repo
+	}
+	return "https://github.com/" + repo
+}
+
+func edgesOf(obj map[string]interface{}, key string) []map[string]interface{} {
+	conn, _ := obj[key].(map[string]interface{})
+	edges, _ := conn["edges"].([]interface{})
+	out := make([]map[string]interface{}, 0, len(edges))
+	for _, e := range edges {
+		if m, ok := e.(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+			if node, ok := m["node"].(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+				out = append(out, node)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func init() {
+	migrateRailwayCmd.Flags().String("token", "", "Railway API token (or RAILWAY_TOKEN env)")
+	migrateRailwayCmd.Flags().String("project", "", "Railway project id (lists yours when omitted and >1 exists)")
+	migrateRailwayCmd.Flags().String("environment", "production", "Railway environment name")
+	migrateRailwayCmd.Flags().String("into", "", "existing Containr project id (default: create one)")
+	migrateRailwayCmd.Flags().Bool("dry-run", false, "print the plan without creating anything")
+	MigrateCmd.AddCommand(migrateRailwayCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/migrate_dflow.go

@@ -0,0 +1,441 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// dflow runs on Payload CMS — every collection is a plain REST resource under
+// /api/<slug> returning {docs, page, totalPages, hasNextPage}. Auth is a
+// Payload API key on the users collection: "Authorization: users API-Key <k>".
+
+type dflowServicePlan struct {
+	ID          string
+	Name        string
+	Description string
+	Type        string // web | database
+	Image       string
+	GitRepo     string
+	GitBranch   string
+	BuildPath   string
+	Port        int
+	Variables   map[string]string
+	Domains     []string
+	Volumes     []map[string]string
+}
+
+var migrateDflowCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "dflow",
+	Short: "Migrate a dflow (Payload CMS) project into Containr",
+	Long: `Pulls a dflow project's services, variables, volumes, and domains via the
+Payload REST API and recreates them in Containr.
+
+  containr migrate dflow --url https://dflow.example.com --api-key <key> --dry-run
+  containr migrate dflow --url https://dflow.example.com --api-key <key> --project <id>
+
+Auth: a Payload API key from a dflow admin user (users API-Key). Encrypted
+fields (variables, git tokens) only come back decrypted if the API key belongs
+to a user with access — empty values are flagged so nothing is silently lost.`,
+	Args: cobra.NoArgs,
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		base, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("url")
+		if base == "" {
+			base = os.Getenv("DFLOW_URL")
+		}
+		if base == "" {
+			return &APIError{Message: "pass --url or set DFLOW_URL", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		base = strings.TrimSuffix(base, "/")
+		key, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("api-key")
+		if key == "" {
+			key = os.Getenv("DFLOW_API_KEY")
+		}
+		if key == "" {
+			return &APIError{Message: "pass --api-key or set DFLOW_API_KEY", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		projectID, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("project")
+		into, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("into")
+		dryRun, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("dry-run")
+
+		projectName, services, err := dflowProject(base, key, projectID)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if len(services) == 0 {
+			return &APIError{Message: "no services found in that dflow project", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+
+		plans := make([]dflowServicePlan, 0, len(services))
+		for _, svc := range services {
+			plan, warn := dflowServicePlanOf(svc)
+			for _, w := range warn {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "  warning: %s: %s\n", plan.Name, w)
+			}
+			plans = append(plans, plan)
+		}
+
+		fmt.Printf("dflow project %q → %d service(s)\n", projectName, len(plans))
+		for _, p := range plans {
+			src := p.Image
+			if src == "" {
+				src = p.GitRepo
+			}
+			fmt.Printf("  %s  type=%s src=%s vars=%d domains=%d volumes=%d\n",
+				p.Name, p.Type, src, len(p.Variables), len(p.Domains), len(p.Volumes))
+		}
+
+		if dryRun {
+			fmt.Println("\nDry run — pass without --dry-run to create these resources.")
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		target := into
+		if target == "" {
+			data, err := c.Do("POST", "/projects", map[string]interface{}{
+				"name":        projectName,
+				"description": "Imported from dflow",
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			p, _ := unwrapObject(data, "project")
+			target = str(p, "id")
+			if target == "" || target == "-" {
+				return &APIError{Message: "project created but id missing from response", ExitCode: ExitError}
+			}
+			fmt.Printf("Created project %s (%s)\n", projectName, target)
+		}
+
+		for _, p := range plans {
+			body := map[string]interface{}{
+				"name":        p.Name,
+				"type":        p.Type,
+				"environment": "production",
+			}
+			if p.Image != "" {
+				body["image"] = p.Image
+			}
+			if p.GitRepo != "" {
+				body["git_repo"] = p.GitRepo
+			}
+			if p.GitBranch != "" {
+				body["git_branch"] = p.GitBranch
+			}
+			if p.BuildPath != "" {
+				body["build_path"] = p.BuildPath
+			}
+			if p.Port > 0 {
+				body["port"] = p.Port
+			}
+			if len(p.Volumes) > 0 {
+				vols := make([]map[string]interface{}, 0, len(p.Volumes))
+				for _, v := range p.Volumes {
+					vols = append(vols, map[string]interface{}{
+						"type": "bind", "source": v["source"], "target": v["target"],
+					})
+				}
+				body["volumes"] = vols
+			}
+			data, err := c.Do("POST", "/projects/"+target+"/services", body)
+			if err != nil {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "error: create %s: %v\n", p.Name, err)
+				continue
+			}
+			svc, _ := unwrapObject(data, "service")
+			svcID := str(svc, "id")
+			fmt.Printf("  created service %s (%s)\n", p.Name, svcID)
+
+			if len(p.Variables) > 0 && svcID != "" && svcID != "-" {
+				vars := make([]map[string]interface{}, 0, len(p.Variables))
+				for k, v := range p.Variables {
+					vars = append(vars, map[string]interface{}{"key": k, "value": v, "is_secret": false})
+				}
+				if _, err := c.Do("PUT", "/services/"+svcID+"/variables",
+					map[string]interface{}{"variables": vars}); err != nil {
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "  warning: variables for %s: %v\n", p.Name, err)
+				}
+			}
+			for _, domain := range p.Domains {
+				if svcID == "" || svcID == "-" {
+					break
+				}
+				if _, err := c.Do("POST", "/services/"+svcID+"/domains",
+					map[string]interface{}{"domain": domain}); err != nil {
+					fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "  warning: domain %s: %v\n", domain, err)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		fmt.Println("Done. Git credentials, deployment history, and server topology are not migrated — reconnect repos and redeploy each service when ready.")
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// dflowGet performs an authenticated Payload REST call.
+func dflowGet(base, apiKey, path string, q url.Values) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	u := base + "/api/" + path
+	if len(q) > 0 {
+		u += "?" + q.Encode()
+	}
+	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, u, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "users API-Key "+apiKey)
+	req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+	client := &http.Client{Timeout: 30 * time.Second}
+	resp, err := client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	raw, _ := io.ReadAll(io.LimitReader(resp.Body, 16<<20))
+	if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusUnauthorized || resp.StatusCode == http.StatusForbidden {
+		return nil, &APIError{Message: "dflow rejected the API key — needs an admin user's users API-Key", ExitCode: ExitAuth}
+	}
+	var out map[string]interface{}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &out); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("dflow response not JSON (status %d)", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+	if resp.StatusCode >= 300 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("dflow status %d", resp.StatusCode)
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+// dflowCollection pages through a Payload collection.
+func dflowCollection(base, apiKey, collection string, q url.Values) ([]map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	var docs []map[string]interface{}
+	for page := 1; ; page++ {
+		params := url.Values{}
+		for k, v := range q {
+			params[k] = v
+		}
+		params.Set("limit", "100")
+		params.Set("depth", "0")
+		params.Set("page", fmt.Sprint(page))
+		data, err := dflowGet(base, apiKey, collection, params)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		list, _ := data["docs"].([]interface{})
+		for _, d := range list {
+			if m, ok := d.(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+				docs = append(docs, m)
+			}
+		}
+		next, _ := data["hasNextPage"].(bool)
+		if !next {
+			return docs, nil
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// dflowProject resolves the project (by id, or sole project) and returns its
+// name plus its services.
+func dflowProject(base, apiKey, projectID string) (string, []map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	if projectID == "" {
+		projects, err := dflowCollection(base, apiKey, "projects", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", nil, err
+		}
+		if len(projects) == 1 {
+			projectID = str(projects[0], "id")
+		} else {
+			for _, p := range projects {
+				fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "  %s  %s\n", str(p, "id"), str(p, "name"))
+			}
+			return "", nil, &APIError{
+				Message:  "multiple projects — pass --project <id> (listed above)",
+				ExitCode: ExitError,
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	projects, err := dflowCollection(base, apiKey, "projects",
+		url.Values{"where[id][equals]": {projectID}})
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, err
+	}
+	if len(projects) == 0 {
+		return "", nil, &APIError{Message: "dflow project not found", ExitCode: ExitNotFound}
+	}
+	name := str(projects[0], "name")
+
+	q := url.Values{
+		"where[project][equals]":     {projectID},
+		"where[deletedAt][exists]":   {"false"},
+		"where[_status][not_equals]": {"draft"},
+	}
+	services, err := dflowCollection(base, apiKey, "services", q)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", nil, err
+	}
+	return name, services, nil
+}
+
+// dflowServicePlanOf maps a Payload service doc onto a Containr create plan.
+func dflowServicePlanOf(svc map[string]interface{}) (dflowServicePlan, []string) {
+	var warn []string
+	plan := dflowServicePlan{
+		ID:          str(svc, "id"),
+		Name:        str(svc, "name"),
+		Description: str(svc, "description"),
+		Variables:   map[string]string{},
+	}
+	switch str(svc, "type") {
+	case "app":
+		plan.Type = "web"
+		settings := dflowProviderSettings(svc)
+		plan.GitRepo = dflowRepoURL(str(svc, "providerType"), str(settings, "owner"), str(settings, "repository"))
+		plan.GitBranch = str(settings, "branch")
+		plan.BuildPath = str(settings, "buildPath")
+		plan.Port = int(num(settings, "port"))
+		if plan.GitRepo == "" {
+			warn = append(warn, "no repository settings — importing with no source")
+		}
+	case "docker":
+		plan.Type = "web"
+		d, _ := svc["dockerDetails"].(map[string]interface{})
+		plan.Image = normalizeDockerImage(str(d, "url"))
+		for _, p := range listOf(d, "ports") {
+			if plan.Port == 0 {
+				plan.Port = int(num(p, "containerPort"))
+			}
+		}
+		if plan.Image == "" {
+			warn = append(warn, "no docker image url — importing with no source")
+		}
+	case "database":
+		plan.Type = "database"
+		d, _ := svc["databaseDetails"].(map[string]interface{})
+		dbType := str(d, "type")
+		version := str(d, "version")
+		if dbType != "" {
+			plan.Image = dbType + ":" + firstOf(version, "latest")
+		}
+		if str(d, "provider") == "external" {
+			if conn := str(d, "connectionUrl"); conn != "" {
+				plan.Variables["DATABASE_URL"] = conn
+			} else if str(d, "host") != "" {
+				warn = append(warn, "external database has host but no connectionUrl — set DATABASE_URL manually")
+			}
+		}
+	default:
+		plan.Type = "web"
+		warn = append(warn, fmt.Sprintf("unknown type %q — imported as web", str(svc, "type")))
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range listOf(svc, "variables") {
+		k, val := str(v, "key"), str(v, "value")
+		if k == "" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if val == "" {
+			warn = append(warn, fmt.Sprintf("variable %s came back empty (encrypted field?)", k))
+		}
+		plan.Variables[k] = val
+	}
+	for _, d := range listOf(svc, "domains") {
+		if dom := str(d, "domain"); dom != "" && dom != "-" {
+			plan.Domains = append(plan.Domains, dom)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, v := range listOf(svc, "volumes") {
+		host, container := str(v, "hostPath"), str(v, "containerPath")
+		if host != "" && container != "" {
+			plan.Volumes = append(plan.Volumes, map[string]string{"source": host, "target": container})
+		}
+	}
+	return plan, warn
+}
+
+// dflowProviderSettings picks the populated <provider>Settings group.
+func dflowProviderSettings(svc map[string]interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
+	for _, key := range []string{"githubSettings", "gitlabSettings", "bitbucketSettings", "giteaSettings", "azureSettings"} {
+		if g, ok := svc[key].(map[string]interface{}); ok && str(g, "repository") != "" {
+			return g
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// dflowRepoURL builds a cloneable https URL for the known git providers.
+func dflowRepoURL(providerType, owner, repo string) string {
+	repo = strings.TrimSuffix(strings.TrimSpace(repo), ".git")
+	owner = strings.TrimSpace(owner)
+	if repo == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(repo, "://") || strings.HasPrefix(repo, "git@") {
+		return repo
+	}
+	switch providerType {
+	case "gitlab":
+		return "https://gitlab.com/" + owner + "/" + repo
+	case "bitbucket":
+		return "https://bitbucket.org/" + owner + "/" + repo
+	case "azureDevOps":
+		return "https://dev.azure.com/" + owner + "/_git/" + repo
+	case "gitea":
+		return "" // host unknown — user must reconnect the repo
+	default:
+		if owner == "" {
+			return ""
+		}
+		return "https://github.com/" + owner + "/" + repo
+	}
+}
+
+// normalizeDockerImage fixes common dflow registry URL typos (ghrc://).
+func normalizeDockerImage(image string) string {
+	image = strings.TrimSpace(image)
+	if strings.HasPrefix(image, "ghrc://") {
+		return "ghcr.io/" + strings.TrimPrefix(image, "ghrc://")
+	}
+	return image
+}
+
+func listOf(m map[string]interface{}, key string) []map[string]interface{} {
+	raw, _ := m[key].([]interface{})
+	out := make([]map[string]interface{}, 0, len(raw))
+	for _, item := range raw {
+		if v, ok := item.(map[string]interface{}); ok {
+			out = append(out, v)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+func num(m map[string]interface{}, key string) float64 {
+	v, _ := m[key].(float64)
+	return v
+}
+
+func firstOf(v, fallback string) string {
+	if v == "" {
+		return fallback
+	}
+	return v
+}
+
+func init() {
+	migrateDflowCmd.Flags().String("url", "", "dflow base URL (or DFLOW_URL env)")
+	migrateDflowCmd.Flags().String("api-key", "", "dflow admin API key (or DFLOW_API_KEY env)")
+	migrateDflowCmd.Flags().String("project", "", "dflow project id (lists yours when omitted and >1 exists)")
+	migrateDflowCmd.Flags().String("into", "", "existing Containr project id (default: create one)")
+	migrateDflowCmd.Flags().Bool("dry-run", false, "print the plan without creating anything")
+	MigrateCmd.AddCommand(migrateDflowCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/migrate_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+package commands
+
+import "testing"
+
+func TestRailwayRepoURL(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := map[string]string{
+		"owner/repo":             "https://github.com/owner/repo",
+		"https://gitlab.com/a/b": "https://gitlab.com/a/b",
+		"[email protected]:a/b.git": "[email protected]:a/b.git",
+		"":                       "",
+		"-":                      "",
+		"  spaced/x  ":           "https://github.com/spaced/x",
+	}
+	for in, want := range cases {
+		if got := railwayRepoURL(in); got != want {
+			t.Errorf("railwayRepoURL(%q) = %q, want %q", in, got, want)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEdgesOf(t *testing.T) {
+	obj := map[string]interface{}{
+		"services": map[string]interface{}{
+			"edges": []interface{}{
+				map[string]interface{}{"node": map[string]interface{}{"id": "a", "name": "web"}},
+				map[string]interface{}{"node": map[string]interface{}{"id": "b", "name": "api"}},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	nodes := edgesOf(obj, "services")
+	if len(nodes) != 2 || str(nodes[0], "name") != "web" {
+		t.Fatalf("edgesOf returned %+v", nodes)
+	}
+	if got := edgesOf(obj, "missing"); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("edgesOf(missing) = %+v, want empty", got)
+	}
+	if got := edgesOf(map[string]interface{}{"services": nil}, "services"); len(got) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("edgesOf(nil conn) = %+v, want empty", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDflowServicePlanOf(t *testing.T) {
+	appSvc := map[string]interface{}{
+		"id":           "s1",
+		"name":         "api",
+		"type":         "app",
+		"providerType": "github",
+		"githubSettings": map[string]interface{}{
+			"owner": "acme", "repository": "api", "branch": "main",
+			"buildPath": "/", "port": float64(8080),
+		},
+		"variables": []interface{}{
+			map[string]interface{}{"key": "FOO", "value": "bar"},
+			map[string]interface{}{"key": "EMPTY", "value": ""},
+		},
+		"domains": []interface{}{
+			map[string]interface{}{"domain": "api.example.com"},
+		},
+		"volumes": []interface{}{
+			map[string]interface{}{"hostPath": "/data", "containerPath": "/app/data"},
+		},
+	}
+	plan, warn := dflowServicePlanOf(appSvc)
+	if plan.Type != "web" || plan.GitRepo != "https://github.com/acme/api" || plan.Port != 8080 {
+		t.Fatalf("app plan = %+v", plan)
+	}
+	if plan.Variables["FOO"] != "bar" || len(plan.Domains) != 1 || len(plan.Volumes) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("plan detail = %+v", plan)
+	}
+	if len(warn) != 1 { // EMPTY value flagged
+		t.Fatalf("warnings = %v", warn)
+	}
+
+	dbSvc := map[string]interface{}{
+		"id": "s2", "name": "pg", "type": "database",
+		"databaseDetails": map[string]interface{}{
+			"type": "postgres", "version": "16", "provider": "external",
+			"connectionUrl": "postgres://u:p@h:5432/db",
+		},
+	}
+	dplan, _ := dflowServicePlanOf(dbSvc)
+	if dplan.Type != "database" || dplan.Image != "postgres:16" {
+		t.Fatalf("db plan = %+v", dplan)
+	}
+	if dplan.Variables["DATABASE_URL"] != "postgres://u:p@h:5432/db" {
+		t.Fatalf("db vars = %+v", dplan.Variables)
+	}
+
+	dockerSvc := map[string]interface{}{
+		"id": "s3", "name": "img", "type": "docker",
+		"dockerDetails": map[string]interface{}{
+			"url": "ghrc://acme/web:v1",
+			"ports": []interface{}{
+				map[string]interface{}{"hostPort": float64(80), "containerPort": float64(3000), "scheme": "http"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	iplan, _ := dflowServicePlanOf(dockerSvc)
+	if iplan.Image != "ghcr.io/acme/web:v1" || iplan.Port != 3000 {
+		t.Fatalf("docker plan = %+v", iplan)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDflowRepoURL(t *testing.T) {
+	cases := []struct {
+		provider, owner, repo, want string
+	}{
+		{"github", "acme", "api", "https://github.com/acme/api"},
+		{"gitlab", "acme", "api", "https://gitlab.com/acme/api"},
+		{"bitbucket", "acme", "api", "https://bitbucket.org/acme/api"},
+		{"gitea", "acme", "api", ""},
+		{"github", "acme", "api.git", "https://github.com/acme/api"},
+		{"github", "", "api", ""},
+		{"github", "acme", "", ""},
+		{"github", "acme", "https://git.example.com/a/b", "https://git.example.com/a/b"},
+	}
+	for _, c := range cases {
+		if got := dflowRepoURL(c.provider, c.owner, c.repo); got != c.want {
+			t.Errorf("dflowRepoURL(%q,%q,%q) = %q, want %q", c.provider, c.owner, c.repo, got, c.want)
+		}
+	}
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/nodes.go

@@ -0,0 +1,281 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// NodesCmd manages node agents (admin).
+var NodesCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "nodes",
+	Aliases: []string{"node", "agents"},
+	Short:   "Manage node agents (admin)",
+}
+
+var nodesListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list",
+	Short: "List registered node agents",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/agents", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "agents")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, a := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(a, "id"), str(a, "name", "hostname"), str(a, "status"), str(a, "version"), relTime(a, "last_heartbeat_at"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "NAME", "STATUS", "VERSION", "HEARTBEAT"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var nodesGetCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "get <id>",
+	Short: "Show a node agent",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/agents/"+args[0], nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var nodesDeleteCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "delete <id>",
+	Short: "Remove a node agent",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !Confirm(fmt.Sprintf("Remove node agent %s?", args[0])) {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		if _, err := c.Do("DELETE", "/agents/"+args[0], nil); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			return PrintJSON(map[string]string{"status": "deleted", "id": args[0]})
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Removed agent %s\n", args[0])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var nodesUpdateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "update <id>",
+	Short: "Update a node agent (--name, --auto-prune)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("name") {
+			body["name"], _ = cmd.Flags().GetString("name")
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("auto-prune") {
+			body["auto_prune"], _ = cmd.Flags().GetBool("auto-prune")
+		}
+		if len(body) == 0 {
+			return &APIError{Message: "nothing to update — pass --name or --auto-prune", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("PUT", "/agents/"+args[0], body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var nodesPruneCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "prune <id>",
+	Short: "Enqueue a bounded docker system prune on a node",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		volumes, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("volumes")
+		if volumes && !Confirm("Prune INCLUDING volumes? This can delete database data.") {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		until, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("until")
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/agents/"+args[0]+"/prune",
+			map[string]interface{}{"until": until, "volumes": volumes})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var nodesCordonCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "cordon <id>",
+	Short: "Stop new placements on a node (running replicas stay)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/agents/"+args[0]+"/cordon", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var nodesUncordonCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "uncordon <id>",
+	Short: "Re-open a node for placement",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/agents/"+args[0]+"/uncordon", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var nodesDrainCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "drain <id>",
+	Short: "Cordon a node, remove its service containers, unpin affected services",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !Confirm(fmt.Sprintf("Drain node %s? Its service containers are removed and services unpinned (they redeploy locally).", args[0])) {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/agents/"+args[0]+"/drain", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var nodesCommandsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "commands <id>",
+	Short: "List recent commands sent to a node agent",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/agents/"+args[0]+"/commands", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// Agent tokens (cagt_) onboard new nodes.
+var nodeTokensCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "tokens",
+	Short: "Manage agent onboarding tokens",
+}
+
+var nodeTokensIssueCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "issue [label]",
+	Short: "Issue an onboarding token (shown once)",
+	Args:  cobra.MaximumNArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{}
+		if len(args) > 0 {
+			body["label"] = args[0]
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/agent-tokens", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var nodeTokensListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list",
+	Short: "List onboarding tokens",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/agent-tokens", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var nodeTokensRevokeCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "revoke <id>",
+	Short: "Revoke an onboarding token",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("DELETE", "/agent-tokens/"+args[0], nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	nodesUpdateCmd.Flags().String("name", "", "node display name")
+	nodesUpdateCmd.Flags().Bool("auto-prune", false, "enqueue a daily bounded docker prune")
+	nodesPruneCmd.Flags().String("until", "", "only prune objects older than this duration (e.g. 168h)")
+	nodesPruneCmd.Flags().Bool("volumes", false, "also prune volumes (destructive — asks twice)")
+	nodeTokensCmd.AddCommand(nodeTokensIssueCmd, nodeTokensListCmd, nodeTokensRevokeCmd)
+	NodesCmd.AddCommand(nodesListCmd, nodesGetCmd, nodesUpdateCmd, nodesCordonCmd, nodesUncordonCmd, nodesDrainCmd, nodesPruneCmd, nodesCommandsCmd, nodesDeleteCmd, nodeTokensCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/nodes_add.go

@@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
+package commands
+
+// SSH node bootstrap — one SSH session installs the agent (binary +
+// systemd + enroll token), then SSH is never needed again. SSH keys
+// stay client-side; the server only sees the resulting agent.
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"os/user"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh/agent"
+	"golang.org/x/term"
+)
+
+var (
+	nodeSSHKey   string
+	nodeSSHName  string
+	nodeSSHPrint bool
+)
+
+var nodesAddCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "add <[user@]host[:port]>",
+	Short: "Bootstrap a node agent over SSH (one session, then closed)",
+	Long: `Installs the containr agent on a remote host:
+
+  1. mints a single-use enroll token via the API
+  2. SSHes in (agent socket, --key, or default key files)
+  3. runs the instance's install script remotely
+  4. closes the session — the agent heartbeats outbound from then on
+
+Use --print to skip SSH and emit the remote one-liner for manual runs.`,
+	Args: cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		// Mint the enroll token first — SSH failures then don't leave
+		// partial state on the remote.
+		body := map[string]interface{}{"label": "bootstrap"}
+		if nodeSSHName != "" {
+			body["label"] = "bootstrap:" + nodeSSHName
+		}
+		tokenData, err := c.Do("POST", "/agent-tokens", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		tokenObj, err := unwrapObject(tokenData, "token")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		token := str(tokenObj, "token")
+		if token == "" {
+			return &APIError{Message: "enroll token missing from response", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+
+		// Agent bootstrap endpoints live at /api/agents (no /v1) — strip
+		// the API version suffix off the client base.
+		apiRoot := strings.TrimSuffix(c.BaseURL, "/api/v1")
+		installCmd := fmt.Sprintf(
+			`curl -fsSL %q | bash -s -- --url %q --token %q --name %q`,
+			apiRoot+"/api/agents/install.sh", apiRoot, token, firstNonEmptyStr(nodeSSHName, nodeSSHTarget(args[0]).host),
+		)
+
+		if nodeSSHPrint {
+			fmt.Println(installCmd)
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		target := nodeSSHTarget(args[0])
+		if err := sshBootstrap(target, installCmd); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("agent installing on %s — it should appear in `containr nodes list` within ~15s\n", target.host)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+type sshTarget struct {
+	user string
+	host string
+	port string
+}
+
+func nodeSSHTarget(raw string) sshTarget {
+	t := sshTarget{port: "22"}
+	rest := raw
+	if at := strings.LastIndex(rest, "@"); at >= 0 {
+		t.user = rest[:at]
+		rest = rest[at+1:]
+	}
+	if colon := strings.LastIndex(rest, ":"); colon >= 0 && !strings.Contains(rest, "]") {
+		t.host, t.port = rest[:colon], rest[colon+1:]
+	} else {
+		t.host = rest
+	}
+	if t.user == "" {
+		if u, err := user.Current(); err == nil {
+			t.user = u.Username
+		}
+	}
+	return t
+}
+
+func sshAuthMethods(keyPath string) []ssh.AuthMethod {
+	var methods []ssh.AuthMethod
+
+	// ssh-agent first — matches how people actually manage keys.
+	if sock := os.Getenv("SSH_AUTH_SOCK"); sock != "" {
+		if conn, err := net.Dial("unix", sock); err == nil {
+			defer conn.Close()
+			methods = append(methods, ssh.PublicKeysCallback(agent.NewClient(conn).Signers))
+		}
+	}
+
+	var keyFiles []string
+	if keyPath != "" {
+		keyFiles = []string{keyPath}
+	} else if home, err := os.UserHomeDir(); err == nil {
+		for _, name := range []string{"id_ed25519", "id_rsa", "id_ecdsa"} {
+			p := filepath.Join(home, ".ssh", name)
+			if _, err := os.Stat(p); err == nil {
+				keyFiles = append(keyFiles, p)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	for _, p := range keyFiles {
+		if signer, err := sshPrivateKey(p); err == nil {
+			methods = append(methods, ssh.PublicKeys(signer))
+		}
+	}
+	return methods
+}
+
+func sshPrivateKey(path string) (ssh.Signer, error) {
+	pem, err := os.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	signer, err := ssh.ParsePrivateKey(pem)
+	if err != nil {
+		var missing *ssh.PassphraseMissingError
+		if errors.As(err, &missing) {
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "passphrase for %s: ", path)
+			pass, readErr := term.ReadPassword(int(os.Stdin.Fd()))
+			fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr)
+			if readErr != nil {
+				return nil, readErr
+			}
+			return ssh.ParsePrivateKeyWithPassphrase(pem, pass)
+		}
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return signer, nil
+}
+
+func sshBootstrap(t sshTarget, remoteCmd string) error {
+	config := &ssh.ClientConfig{
+		User:            t.user,
+		Auth:            sshAuthMethods(nodeSSHKey),
+		HostKeyCallback: ssh.InsecureIgnoreHostKey(), // jarvis: TOFU would be better; ssh_known_hosts parsing is the upgrade path
+		Timeout:         15 * time.Second,
+	}
+	if len(config.Auth) == 0 {
+		return &APIError{Message: "no SSH auth methods (ssh-agent empty, no usable keys)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+	}
+
+	conn, err := ssh.Dial("tcp", net.JoinHostPort(t.host, t.port), config)
+	if err != nil {
+		return &APIError{Message: fmt.Sprintf("ssh connect: %v", err), ExitCode: ExitError}
+	}
+	defer conn.Close()
+
+	session, err := conn.NewSession()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer session.Close()
+	session.Stdout = os.Stdout
+	session.Stderr = os.Stderr
+
+	// Root shells run directly; otherwise escalate via sudo. NOPASSWD
+	// sudo is assumed — a password prompt here means the operator should
+	// use --print and run the command themselves.
+	if t.user == "root" {
+		return session.Run(remoteCmd)
+	}
+	return session.Run("sudo -n " + remoteCmd)
+}
+
+func firstNonEmptyStr(values ...string) string {
+	for _, v := range values {
+		if v != "" {
+			return v
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+func init() {
+	nodesAddCmd.Flags().StringVar(&nodeSSHKey, "key", "", "SSH private key path (defaults: agent, ~/.ssh/id_*)")
+	nodesAddCmd.Flags().StringVar(&nodeSSHName, "name", "", "node display name (defaults to remote hostname)")
+	nodesAddCmd.Flags().BoolVar(&nodeSSHPrint, "print", false, "print the remote install command instead of running SSH")
+	NodesCmd.AddCommand(nodesAddCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/notifications.go

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// NotificationsCmd lists and manages notifications.
+var NotificationsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "notifications",
+	Aliases: []string{"notifs"},
+	Short:   "Manage notifications",
+}
+
+var notifListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list",
+	Short: "List notifications",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/notifications", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "notifications")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, n := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(n, "id"), str(n, "type"), str(n, "title"), str(n, "read"), relTime(n, "created_at"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "TYPE", "TITLE", "READ", "AGE"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var notifReadCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "read <id>|all",
+	Short: "Mark a notification (or all) as read",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		path := "/notifications/" + args[0] + "/read"
+		if args[0] == "all" {
+			path = "/notifications/read-all"
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", path, map[string]interface{}{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	NotificationsCmd.AddCommand(notifListCmd, notifReadCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/operations.go

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// OperationsCmd shows the cross-cutting operations view.
+var OperationsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "operations",
+	Aliases: []string{"ops"},
+	Short:   "Show active and recent platform work (deploys, cron, backups)",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/operations", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/output.go

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"text/tabwriter"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+)
+
+// JSONMode reports whether --json was passed. In JSON mode every command
+// prints the raw API response and nothing else — safe for agents and pipes.
+func JSONMode() bool {
+	return viper.GetBool("json")
+}
+
+// PrintResult renders data: pretty JSON in --json mode, otherwise the
+// default JSON rendering is used unless a command prints its own table
+// first (commands that render a table should check JSONMode() themselves).
+func PrintJSON(v interface{}) error {
+	data, err := json.MarshalIndent(v, "", "  ")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	fmt.Println(string(data))
+	return nil
+}
+
+// PrintRaw prints raw response bytes as pretty JSON when they decode as
+// JSON, else verbatim.
+func PrintRaw(data []byte) {
+	var v interface{}
+	if json.Unmarshal(data, &v) == nil {
+		out, _ := json.MarshalIndent(v, "", "  ")
+		fmt.Println(string(out))
+		return
+	}
+	fmt.Println(string(data))
+}
+
+// PrintTable renders rows under headers with tabwriter alignment.
+// Skipped entirely in JSON mode.
+func PrintTable(headers []string, rows [][]string) {
+	if JSONMode() {
+		return
+	}
+	w := tabwriter.NewWriter(os.Stdout, 0, 4, 2, ' ', 0)
+	fmt.Fprintln(w, strings.Join(headers, "\t"))
+	for _, row := range rows {
+		fmt.Fprintln(w, strings.Join(row, "\t"))
+	}
+	w.Flush()
+}
+
+// Confirm asks the user to confirm a destructive action. Returns true
+// immediately when --yes/--force was passed or stdin is not a TTY and
+// --yes was given. In non-interactive contexts without --yes it refuses.
+func Confirm(prompt string) bool {
+	if viper.GetBool("yes") {
+		return true
+	}
+	if !isTerminal() {
+		return false
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "%s [y/N] ", prompt)
+	reader := bufio.NewReader(os.Stdin)
+	answer, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	answer = strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(answer))
+	return answer == "y" || answer == "yes"
+}
+
+func isTerminal() bool {
+	info, err := os.Stdin.Stat()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false
+	}
+	return info.Mode()&os.ModeCharDevice != 0
+}
+
+// ExitCode inspects an error and returns the process exit code.
+func ExitCode(err error) int {
+	if err == nil {
+		return ExitOK
+	}
+	if apiErr, ok := err.(*APIError); ok {
+		return apiErr.ExitCode
+	}
+	return ExitError
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/projects.go

@@ -1,219 +1,123 @@
 package commands
 
 import (
-	"bytes"
-	"containr/internal/pkg/utils"
-	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
-	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 )
 
-// Project represents a Containr project
-type Project struct {
-	ID          string `json:"id"`
-	Name        string `json:"name"`
-	Description string `json:"description"`
-	OwnerID     string `json:"owner_id"`
-	CreatedAt   string `json:"created_at"`
-	UpdatedAt   string `json:"updated_at"`
-}
-
-// ProjectsCmd represents the projects command
+// ProjectsCmd manages projects.
 var ProjectsCmd = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:   "projects",
-	Short: "Manage projects",
-	Long: `Manage your Containr projects.
-You can list, create, update, and delete projects.`,
+	Use:     "projects",
+	Aliases: []string{"project"},
+	Short:   "Manage projects",
 }
 
-// listProjectsCmd represents the list command
-var listProjectsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+var projectsListCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "list",
-	Short: "List all projects",
-	Long:  `List all your Containr projects.`,
-	RunE:  runListProjects,
+	Short: "List projects",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/projects", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "projects")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, p := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(p, "id"), str(p, "name"), str(p, "description"), relTime(p, "created_at"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "NAME", "DESCRIPTION", "CREATED"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
 }
 
-// createProjectCmd represents the create command
-var createProjectCmd = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:   "create [name]",
-	Short: "Create a new project",
-	Long: `Create a new Containr project.
-Provide a name and optional description.`,
-	Args: cobra.ExactArgs(1),
-	RunE: runCreateProject,
-}
-
-// deleteProjectCmd represents the delete command
-var deleteProjectCmd = &cobra.Command{
-	Use:   "delete [project-id]",
-	Short: "Delete a project",
-	Long:  `Delete a Containr project by ID.`,
+var projectsGetCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "get <id>",
+	Short: "Show a project",
 	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
-	RunE:  runDeleteProject,
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/projects/"+args[0], nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		p, _ := unwrapObject(data, "project")
+		fmt.Printf("ID:          %s\n", str(p, "id"))
+		fmt.Printf("Name:        %s\n", str(p, "name"))
+		fmt.Printf("Description: %s\n", str(p, "description"))
+		fmt.Printf("Created:     %s\n", str(p, "created_at"))
+		return nil
+	},
 }
 
-var projectDescription string
+var projectsCreateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "create <name>",
+	Short: "Create a project",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		desc, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("description")
+		body := map[string]interface{}{"name": args[0]}
+		if desc != "" {
+			body["description"] = desc
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/projects", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		p, _ := unwrapObject(data, "project")
+		fmt.Printf("Created project %s (%s)\n", str(p, "name"), str(p, "id"))
+		return nil
+	},
+}
 
-// getAPIURL constructs the full API URL for a given endpoint
-func getAPIURL(endpoint string) string {
-	baseURL := viper.GetString("api-url")
-	if baseURL == "" {
-		baseURL = "http://localhost:8080/api/v1" // Default for development
-	}
-
-	// Ensure baseURL doesn't end with / and endpoint starts with /
-	baseURL = strings.TrimSuffix(baseURL, "/")
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(endpoint, "/") {
-		endpoint = "/" + endpoint
-	}
-
-	return baseURL + endpoint
+var projectsDeleteCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "delete <id>",
+	Short: "Delete a project and all its services",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !Confirm(fmt.Sprintf("Delete project %s and all its services?", args[0])) {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		if _, err := c.Do("DELETE", "/projects/"+args[0], nil); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			return PrintJSON(map[string]string{"status": "deleted", "id": args[0]})
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Deleted project %s\n", args[0])
+		return nil
+	},
 }
 
 func init() {
-	ProjectsCmd.AddCommand(listProjectsCmd)
-	ProjectsCmd.AddCommand(createProjectCmd)
-	ProjectsCmd.AddCommand(deleteProjectCmd)
-
-	// Add flags
-	createProjectCmd.Flags().StringVarP(&projectDescription, "description", "d", "", "Project description")
-}
-
-func runListProjects(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-	apiURL := getAPIURL("/projects")
-
-	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", apiURL, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create request: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+viper.GetString("token"))
-	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-
-	client := &http.Client{}
-	resp, err := client.Do(req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to make request: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
-
-	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
-		body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-		return fmt.Errorf("API request failed: %s - %s", resp.Status, string(body))
-	}
-
-	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read response: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	var projects []Project
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &projects); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse response: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	if len(projects) == 0 {
-		fmt.Println("No projects found")
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	fmt.Println("Your Projects:")
-	fmt.Println()
-	for _, project := range projects {
-		fmt.Printf("📦 %s (%s)\n", project.Name, project.ID)
-		if project.Description != "" {
-			fmt.Printf("   %s\n", project.Description)
-		}
-		fmt.Printf("   Created: %s\n", utils.FormatTime(project.CreatedAt))
-		fmt.Println()
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func runCreateProject(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-	name := args[0]
-
-	projectData := map[string]interface{}{
-		"name": name,
-	}
-
-	if projectDescription != "" {
-		projectData["description"] = projectDescription
-	}
-
-	jsonData, err := json.Marshal(projectData)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal project data: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	apiURL := getAPIURL("/projects")
-
-	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", apiURL, bytes.NewBuffer(jsonData))
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create request: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+viper.GetString("token"))
-	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-
-	client := &http.Client{}
-	resp, err := client.Do(req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to make request: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
-
-	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusCreated {
-		body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-		return fmt.Errorf("API request failed: %s - %s", resp.Status, string(body))
-	}
-
-	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read response: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	var project Project
-	if err := json.Unmarshal(body, &project); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse response: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	fmt.Printf("✓ Project '%s' created successfully!\n", project.Name)
-	fmt.Printf("ID: %s\n", project.ID)
-	return nil
-}
-
-func runDeleteProject(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
-	projectID := args[0]
-
-	apiURL := getAPIURL("/projects/" + projectID)
-
-	req, err := http.NewRequest("DELETE", apiURL, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create request: %w", err)
-	}
-
-	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+viper.GetString("token"))
-
-	client := &http.Client{}
-	resp, err := client.Do(req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to make request: %w", err)
-	}
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
-
-	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusNoContent {
-		body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-		return fmt.Errorf("API request failed: %s - %s", resp.Status, string(body))
-	}
-
-	fmt.Printf("✓ Project '%s' deleted successfully!\n", projectID)
-	return nil
+	projectsCreateCmd.Flags().StringP("description", "d", "", "project description")
+	ProjectsCmd.AddCommand(projectsListCmd, projectsGetCmd, projectsCreateCmd, projectsDeleteCmd)
 }

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/registries.go

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// RegistriesCmd manages private-image registry credentials.
+var RegistriesCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "registries",
+	Aliases: []string{"registry"},
+	Short:   "Manage registry credentials",
+}
+
+var registriesListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list",
+	Short: "List registry credentials",
+	Args:  cobra.NoArgs,
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/registries", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "registries")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, r := range items {
+			hasPw := ""
+			if b, ok := r["has_password"].(bool); ok && b {
+				hasPw = "yes"
+			}
+			rows = append(rows, []string{str(r, "id"), str(r, "name"), str(r, "host"), str(r, "username"), hasPw})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "NAME", "HOST", "USERNAME", "PASSWORD"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var registriesAddCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "add <name> <host>",
+	Short: "Add a registry credential (e.g. ghcr.io, registry.example.com, docker.io)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{"name": args[0], "host": args[1]}
+		if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("username"); v != "" {
+			body["username"] = v
+		}
+		if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("password"); v != "" {
+			body["password"] = v
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/registries", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		r, _ := unwrapObject(data, "registry")
+		fmt.Printf("Added registry %s (%s)\n", str(r, "name"), str(r, "host"))
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var registriesUpdateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "update <id>",
+	Short: "Update a registry credential (empty --password keeps the stored one)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{}
+		for _, f := range []string{"name", "host", "username", "password"} {
+			if cmd.Flags().Changed(f) {
+				v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString(f)
+				body[f] = v
+			}
+		}
+		if len(body) == 0 {
+			return &APIError{Message: "nothing to update — pass a flag", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		// The API requires name+host — backfill them from the stored row
+		// when the caller didn't supply both.
+		_, hasName := body["name"]
+		_, hasHost := body["host"]
+		if !hasName || !hasHost {
+			data, err := c.Do("GET", "/registries", nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			items, _ := unwrapList(data, "registries")
+			for _, r := range items {
+				if str(r, "id") == args[0] {
+					if !hasName {
+						body["name"] = str(r, "name")
+					}
+					if !hasHost {
+						body["host"] = str(r, "host")
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("PUT", "/registries/"+args[0], body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Updated registry %s\n", args[0])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var registriesRemoveCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "remove <id>",
+	Short: "Remove a registry credential",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !Confirm(fmt.Sprintf("Remove registry %s?", args[0])) {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		if _, err := c.Do("DELETE", "/registries/"+args[0], nil); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			return PrintJSON(map[string]string{"status": "deleted", "id": args[0]})
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Removed registry %s\n", args[0])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	registriesAddCmd.Flags().String("username", "", "registry username")
+	registriesAddCmd.Flags().String("password", "", "registry password/token (stored encrypted)")
+	registriesUpdateCmd.Flags().String("name", "", "display name")
+	registriesUpdateCmd.Flags().String("host", "", "registry host")
+	registriesUpdateCmd.Flags().String("username", "", "registry username")
+	registriesUpdateCmd.Flags().String("password", "", "registry password/token")
+	RegistriesCmd.AddCommand(registriesListCmd, registriesAddCmd, registriesUpdateCmd, registriesRemoveCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/services.go

@@ -0,0 +1,582 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// ServicesCmd manages services.
+var ServicesCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "services",
+	Aliases: []string{"service", "svc"},
+	Short:   "Manage services",
+}
+
+var servicesListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list [project-id]",
+	Short: "List services in a project",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/projects/"+args[0]+"/services", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "services")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, s := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(s, "id"), str(s, "name"), str(s, "type"), str(s, "status"), str(s, "environment"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "NAME", "TYPE", "STATUS", "ENV"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var servicesGetCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "get <id>",
+	Short: "Show a service",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/services/"+args[0], nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		s, _ := unwrapObject(data, "service")
+		for _, k := range []string{"id", "name", "type", "status", "environment", "image", "git_repo", "git_branch", "domain", "port", "node_name"} {
+			fmt.Printf("%-14s %s\n", k+":", str(s, k))
+		}
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var servicesCreateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "create <project-id> <name>",
+	Short: "Create a service (image- or git-based)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{
+			"name": args[1],
+		}
+		for _, f := range []string{"type", "image", "git-repo", "git-branch", "build-path", "command", "environment", "domain", "restart-policy", "healthcheck-path", "cpu", "memory", "builder", "cpu-reserve", "memory-reserve", "static-cmd", "static-dir", "node"} {
+			if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString(f); v != "" {
+				key := f
+				// JSON uses snake_case keys matching the API schema.
+				switch f {
+				case "git-repo":
+					key = "git_repo"
+				case "git-branch":
+					key = "git_branch"
+				case "build-path":
+					key = "build_path"
+				case "restart-policy":
+					key = "restart_policy"
+				case "healthcheck-path":
+					key = "healthcheck_path"
+				case "cpu-reserve":
+					key = "cpu_reserve"
+				case "memory-reserve":
+					key = "memory_reserve"
+				case "static-cmd":
+					key = "static_build_cmd"
+				case "static-dir":
+					key = "static_dir"
+				case "node":
+					key = "node_id"
+				}
+				body[key] = v
+			}
+		}
+		if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetInt("port"); v > 0 {
+			body["port"] = v
+		}
+		if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetInt("replicas"); v > 0 {
+			body["replicas"] = v
+		}
+		if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("spread"); v {
+			body["spread"] = v
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/projects/"+args[0]+"/services", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		s, _ := unwrapObject(data, "service")
+		fmt.Printf("Created service %s (%s)\n", str(s, "name"), str(s, "id"))
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var servicesDeleteCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "delete <id>",
+	Short: "Delete a service",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !Confirm(fmt.Sprintf("Delete service %s?", args[0])) {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		if _, err := c.Do("DELETE", "/services/"+args[0], nil); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			return PrintJSON(map[string]string{"status": "deleted", "id": args[0]})
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Deleted service %s\n", args[0])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var servicesUpdateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "update <id>",
+	Short: "Update a service (volumes, replicas, domain, ...)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{}
+		for _, f := range []string{"name", "image", "command", "domain", "restart-policy", "healthcheck-path", "cpu", "memory", "builder", "cpu-reserve", "memory-reserve", "static-cmd", "static-dir", "node"} {
+			if cmd.Flags().Changed(f) {
+				key := f
+				switch f {
+				case "restart-policy":
+					key = "restart_policy"
+				case "healthcheck-path":
+					key = "healthcheck_path"
+				case "cpu-reserve":
+					key = "cpu_reserve"
+				case "memory-reserve":
+					key = "memory_reserve"
+				case "static-cmd":
+					key = "static_build_cmd"
+				case "static-dir":
+					key = "static_dir"
+				case "node":
+					key = "node_id"
+				}
+				v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString(f)
+				body[key] = v
+			}
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("replicas") {
+			v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetInt("replicas")
+			body["replicas"] = v
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("port") {
+			v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetInt("port")
+			body["port"] = v
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("volume") || cmd.Flags().Changed("bind") || cmd.Flags().Changed("clear-volumes") {
+			volumes := []map[string]interface{}{}
+			for _, spec := range volumeFlagValues(cmd, "volume", "bind") {
+				volumes = append(volumes, spec)
+			}
+			body["volumes"] = volumes
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("sleep") {
+			v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("sleep")
+			body["sleep_enabled"] = v
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("spread") {
+			v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("spread")
+			body["spread"] = v
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("sleep-idle") {
+			v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetInt("sleep-idle")
+			body["sleep_idle_minutes"] = v
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("maintenance") {
+			v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("maintenance")
+			body["maintenance_mode"] = v == "on" || v == "true"
+		}
+		if cmd.Flags().Changed("basic-auth") {
+			creds := []map[string]interface{}{}
+			pairs, _ := cmd.Flags().GetStringArray("basic-auth")
+			for _, p := range pairs {
+				user, pass, ok := strings.Cut(p, ":")
+				if ok {
+					creds = append(creds, map[string]interface{}{"username": user, "password": pass})
+				}
+			}
+			body["basic_auth"] = creds
+		}
+		if len(body) == 0 {
+			return &APIError{Message: "nothing to update — pass a flag", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("PUT", "/services/"+args[0], body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Updated service %s\n", args[0])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var servicesCloneCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "clone <id>",
+	Short: "Clone a service (config, volumes, domains, variables)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{}
+		for _, f := range []string{"name", "project", "environment"} {
+			if v, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString(f); v != "" {
+				key := f
+				if f == "project" {
+					key = "project_id"
+				}
+				body[key] = v
+			}
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/services/"+args[0]+"/clone", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		m, _ := unwrapObject(data)
+		fmt.Printf("Cloned to service %s (%s)\n", str(m, "service_id"), str(m, "name"))
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var servicesMoveCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "move <id> <project-id>",
+	Short: "Move a service to another project",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/services/"+args[0]+"/move", map[string]interface{}{"project_id": args[1]})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Moved service %s to project %s\n", args[0], args[1])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// volumeFlagValues parses repeated "src:target[:ro]" flags into API mount
+// objects. Bind mounts are type=bind, named volumes type=volume.
+func volumeFlagValues(cmd *cobra.Command, flags ...string) []map[string]interface{} {
+	var out []map[string]interface{}
+	for _, f := range flags {
+		vals, _ := cmd.Flags().GetStringArray(f)
+		for _, v := range vals {
+			parts := strings.SplitN(v, ":", 3)
+			if len(parts) < 2 {
+				continue
+			}
+			m := map[string]interface{}{
+				"type":   f,
+				"source": parts[0],
+				"target": parts[1],
+			}
+			if len(parts) == 3 && parts[2] == "ro" {
+				m["read_only"] = true
+			}
+			out = append(out, m)
+		}
+	}
+	return out
+}
+
+var servicesDomainsCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "domains",
+	Short: "Manage service domains",
+}
+
+var domainsListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list <service-id>",
+	Short: "List domains attached to a service",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/services/"+args[0]+"/domains", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "domains")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, d := range items {
+			def := ""
+			if b, ok := d["is_default"].(bool); ok && b {
+				def = "*"
+			}
+			rows = append(rows, []string{str(d, "id"), str(d, "domain"), def, str(d, "cert_status")})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "DOMAIN", "DEFAULT", "CERT"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var domainsAddCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "add <service-id> <domain>",
+	Short: "Attach a domain to a service",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		def, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("default")
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/services/"+args[0]+"/domains", map[string]interface{}{
+			"domain": args[1], "is_default": def,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Added domain %s\n", args[1])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var domainsRemoveCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "remove <service-id> <domain-id>",
+	Short: "Detach a domain",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if _, err := c.Do("DELETE", fmt.Sprintf("/services/%s/domains/%s", args[0], args[1]), nil); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			return PrintJSON(map[string]string{"status": "deleted", "id": args[1]})
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Removed domain %s\n", args[1])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var domainsDefaultCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "default <service-id> <domain-id>",
+	Short: "Set the default domain",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", fmt.Sprintf("/services/%s/domains/%s/default", args[0], args[1]), map[string]interface{}{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Default domain updated\n")
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var domainsCheckCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "check <service-id>",
+	Short: "DNS preflight for all service domains",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/services/"+args[0]+"/domains/check", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "domains")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, d := range items {
+			resolved, _ := d["resolved"].([]interface{})
+			addrs := make([]string, 0, len(resolved))
+			for _, a := range resolved {
+				if s, ok := a.(string); ok {
+					addrs = append(addrs, s)
+				}
+			}
+			rows = append(rows, []string{str(d, "domain"), str(d, "status"), strings.Join(addrs, ", ")})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"DOMAIN", "STATUS", "RESOLVED"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// serviceAction returns a RunE for the simple POST action endpoints.
+func serviceAction(verb string) func(*cobra.Command, []string) error {
+	return func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", fmt.Sprintf("/services/%s/%s", args[0], verb), map[string]interface{}{})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("%s: %s\n", verb, args[0])
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func init() {
+	f := servicesCreateCmd.Flags()
+	f.String("type", "web", "service type: web|worker|database|cron")
+	f.String("image", "", "container image (image-based service)")
+	f.String("git-repo", "", "git repository URL (build-from-source service)")
+	f.String("git-branch", "main", "git branch")
+	f.String("build-path", "", "build context subdirectory")
+	f.String("command", "", "container start command override")
+	f.String("environment", "production", "production|preview|development")
+	f.String("domain", "", "public domain")
+	f.String("restart-policy", "unless-stopped", "docker restart policy")
+	f.String("healthcheck-path", "", "HTTP health check path")
+	f.String("cpu", "", "CPU limit (e.g. 0.5)")
+	f.String("memory", "", "memory limit (e.g. 512m)")
+	f.Int("port", 0, "container port")
+	f.Int("replicas", 0, "replica count")
+	f.String("builder", "", "build strategy: auto|railpack|nixpacks|dockerfile|static")
+	f.String("cpu-reserve", "", "soft CPU reservation (e.g. 0.25)")
+	f.String("memory-reserve", "", "soft memory reservation (e.g. 128Mi)")
+	f.String("static-cmd", "", "build command for the static builder")
+	f.String("static-dir", "", "output dir for the static builder (default dist)")
+	f.String("node", "", "pin to a node agent id, or 'auto' for least-loaded (image services only)")
+	f.Bool("spread", false, "distribute replicas across all online schedulable nodes")
+
+	uf := servicesUpdateCmd.Flags()
+	uf.String("name", "", "service name")
+	uf.String("image", "", "container image")
+	uf.String("command", "", "container start command")
+	uf.String("domain", "", "public domain (empty string clears)")
+	uf.String("restart-policy", "", "docker restart policy")
+	uf.String("healthcheck-path", "", "HTTP health check path")
+	uf.String("cpu", "", "CPU limit (e.g. 0.5)")
+	uf.String("memory", "", "memory limit (e.g. 512m)")
+	uf.Int("replicas", 0, "replica count")
+	uf.Int("port", 0, "container port")
+	uf.StringArray("volume", nil, "named volume mount name:path[:ro] (repeatable, replaces all mounts)")
+	uf.StringArray("bind", nil, "bind mount src:path[:ro] (repeatable)")
+	uf.Bool("clear-volumes", false, "remove all volume mounts")
+	uf.String("maintenance", "", "maintenance mode: on|off")
+	uf.StringArray("basic-auth", nil, "basic-auth credential user:password (repeatable, replaces all)")
+	uf.String("builder", "", "build strategy: auto|railpack|nixpacks|dockerfile|static")
+	uf.String("cpu-reserve", "", "soft CPU reservation (empty clears)")
+	uf.String("memory-reserve", "", "soft memory reservation (empty clears)")
+	uf.String("static-cmd", "", "build command for the static builder (empty clears)")
+	uf.String("static-dir", "", "output dir for the static builder (empty clears)")
+	uf.Bool("sleep", false, "enable scale-to-zero on idle (sleep mode)")
+	uf.Int("sleep-idle", 0, "idle minutes before sleeping (1-1440)")
+	uf.String("node", "", "pin to a node agent id, 'auto' for least-loaded, 'local' to clear")
+	uf.Bool("spread", false, "spread replicas across all online schedulable nodes (--spread=false to disable)")
+
+	for _, a := range []string{"start", "stop", "restart", "redeploy", "sleep", "wake"} {
+		verb := a
+		ServicesCmd.AddCommand(&cobra.Command{
+			Use:   verb + " <id>",
+			Short: verb + " a service",
+			Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+			RunE:  serviceAction(verb),
+		})
+	}
+	servicesCloneCmd.Flags().String("name", "", "name for the clone (default <name>-copy)")
+	servicesCloneCmd.Flags().String("project", "", "target project id (default: same project)")
+	servicesCloneCmd.Flags().String("environment", "", "target environment (default: source's)")
+
+	domainsAddCmd.Flags().Bool("default", false, "set as the default domain")
+	servicesDomainsCmd.AddCommand(domainsListCmd, domainsAddCmd, domainsRemoveCmd, domainsDefaultCmd, domainsCheckCmd)
+	ServicesCmd.AddCommand(servicesListCmd, servicesGetCmd, servicesCreateCmd, servicesUpdateCmd, servicesDeleteCmd, servicesDomainsCmd, servicesCloneCmd, servicesMoveCmd, servicesEnvCheckCmd)
+}
+
+var servicesEnvCheckCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "env-check <id>",
+	Short: "Diagnose service environment: empty vars, unresolved ${{refs}}",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/services/"+args[0]+"/env-check", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		m, _ := unwrapObject(data)
+		if b, ok := m["ok"].(bool); ok && b {
+			fmt.Println("env check: ok")
+			return nil
+		}
+		for _, group := range []string{"unresolved", "empty", "unreadable"} {
+			if list, ok := m[group].([]interface{}); ok {
+				for _, item := range list {
+					fmt.Printf("%s: %v\n", group, item)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return &APIError{Message: "env check failed", ExitCode: ExitError}
+	},
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/templates.go

@@ -0,0 +1,261 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// TemplatesCmd manages the template catalog.
+var TemplatesCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "templates",
+	Aliases: []string{"template"},
+	Short:   "Browse and deploy templates",
+}
+
+var templatesListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list",
+	Short: "List templates",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/templates", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "templates")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, t := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(t, "id"), str(t, "name"), str(t, "category"), str(t, "description"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "NAME", "CATEGORY", "DESCRIPTION"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var templatesGetCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "get <id>",
+	Short: "Show a template definition",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/templates/"+args[0], nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var templatesCreateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "create <file>",
+	Short: "Create a user template from a JSON file",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		raw, err := os.ReadFile(args[0])
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("cannot read %s: %w", args[0], err)
+		}
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/templates", raw)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var templatesDeleteCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "delete <id>",
+	Short: "Delete a user template",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !Confirm(fmt.Sprintf("Delete template %s?", args[0])) {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		if _, err := c.Do("DELETE", "/templates/"+args[0], nil); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			return PrintJSON(map[string]string{"status": "deleted", "id": args[0]})
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Deleted template %s\n", args[0])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var tplDeployVars []string
+var tplDeployName string
+
+var templatesDeployCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "deploy <template-id> <project-id>",
+	Short: "Deploy a template into a project",
+	Long:  "Deploys a single-service template or a multi-service graph (v2) template. Pass --name for single-service templates; graph members take names from the template. Use --var KEY=VALUE to override template variables.",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{"project_id": args[1]}
+		if tplDeployName != "" {
+			body["name"] = tplDeployName
+		}
+		vars, err := parseKVFlags(tplDeployVars)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if len(vars) > 0 {
+			body["variables"] = vars
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/templates/"+args[0]+"/deploy", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var templatesPlanCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "plan <template-id>",
+	Short: "Dry-resolve a template — expanded expressions, service refs, missing variables",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		vars, err := parseKVFlags(tplDeployVars)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{}
+		if len(vars) > 0 {
+			body["variables"] = vars
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/templates/"+args[0]+"/plan", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var templatesImportComposeCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "import-compose <compose.yml|->",
+	Short: "Convert a docker-compose file into a template graph config",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		var raw []byte
+		var err error
+		if args[0] == "-" {
+			raw, err = io.ReadAll(os.Stdin)
+		} else {
+			raw, err = os.ReadFile(args[0])
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("cannot read compose file: %w", err)
+		}
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/templates/import/compose", map[string]string{"compose_yaml": string(raw)})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var templatesDeployGraphCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "deploy-graph <project-id> <config.json|->",
+	Short: "Deploy an ad-hoc service graph (v2 config with services[]) without a stored template",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		var raw []byte
+		var err error
+		if args[1] == "-" {
+			raw, err = io.ReadAll(os.Stdin)
+		} else {
+			raw, err = os.ReadFile(args[1])
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("cannot read config: %w", err)
+		}
+		var config json.RawMessage
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(raw, &config); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid config JSON: %w", err)
+		}
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		vars, err := parseKVFlags(tplDeployVars)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		body := map[string]interface{}{"project_id": args[0]}
+		var cfg map[string]interface{}
+		if err := json.Unmarshal(config, &cfg); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid config JSON: %w", err)
+		}
+		body["config"] = cfg
+		if len(vars) > 0 {
+			body["variables"] = vars
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/templates/deploy", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// parseKVFlags converts repeated --var KEY=VALUE flags into a map.
+func parseKVFlags(flags []string) (map[string]string, error) {
+	out := map[string]string{}
+	for _, f := range flags {
+		idx := strings.Index(f, "=")
+		if idx <= 0 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid --var %q — expected KEY=VALUE", f)
+		}
+		out[f[:idx]] = f[idx+1:]
+	}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
+func init() {
+	templatesDeployCmd.Flags().StringVar(&tplDeployName, "name", "", "Name for the created service (single-service templates)")
+	templatesDeployCmd.Flags().StringArrayVar(&tplDeployVars, "var", nil, "Template variable override (KEY=VALUE, repeatable)")
+	templatesPlanCmd.Flags().StringArrayVar(&tplDeployVars, "var", nil, "Template variable override (KEY=VALUE, repeatable)")
+	templatesDeployGraphCmd.Flags().StringArrayVar(&tplDeployVars, "var", nil, "Template variable override (KEY=VALUE, repeatable)")
+	TemplatesCmd.AddCommand(templatesListCmd, templatesGetCmd, templatesCreateCmd, templatesDeleteCmd, templatesDeployCmd, templatesPlanCmd, templatesImportComposeCmd, templatesDeployGraphCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/tokens.go

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// TokensCmd manages personal access tokens (cnp_...).
+var TokensCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "tokens",
+	Short: "Manage personal access tokens",
+	Long: `Create, list, and revoke the cnp_ tokens used by this CLI,
+the MCP server, and external agents.`,
+}
+
+var tokensListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list",
+	Short: "List your tokens (metadata only)",
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/user/tokens", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "tokens")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, t := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{
+				str(t, "id"), str(t, "name"), str(t, "key_prefix"), str(t, "scope"),
+				relTime(t, "last_used_at"), str(t, "expires_at"),
+			})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"ID", "NAME", "PREFIX", "SCOPE", "LAST USED", "EXPIRES"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var tokensCreateCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "create <name>",
+	Short: "Create a token (raw value printed once)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		scope, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("scope")
+		days, _ := cmd.Flags().GetInt("expires-in-days")
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/user/tokens", map[string]interface{}{
+			"name": args[0], "scope": scope, "expires_in_days": days,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return nil
+		}
+		t, _ := unwrapObject(data)
+		fmt.Println(str(t, "token"))
+		fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "Store it now — it is shown only once. Scope: "+str(t, "scope"))
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var tokensRevokeCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "revoke <id>",
+	Short: "Revoke a token",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if !Confirm(fmt.Sprintf("Revoke token %s? Clients using it lose access immediately.", args[0])) {
+			return &APIError{Message: "aborted (pass --yes to skip confirmation)", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		if _, err := c.Do("DELETE", "/user/tokens/"+args[0], nil); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if JSONMode() {
+			return PrintJSON(map[string]string{"status": "revoked", "id": args[0]})
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Revoked token %s\n", args[0])
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+func init() {
+	tokensCreateCmd.Flags().String("scope", "write", "read|write|admin (admin requires an admin account)")
+	tokensCreateCmd.Flags().Int("expires-in-days", 0, "0 = never expires, max 3650")
+	TokensCmd.AddCommand(tokensListCmd, tokensCreateCmd, tokensRevokeCmd)
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/up.go

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+)
+
+// UpCmd deploys the current directory: resolves a project, creates (or
+// reuses) a service named after the directory, and triggers a deployment.
+// The git remote URL and current branch become the build source.
+var UpCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "up",
+	Short: "Deploy the current directory (create service + deploy)",
+	Long: `Deploy the current directory to Containr.
+
+The git remote and current branch are used as the build source. If no
+service named after this directory exists in the project, one is
+created; an existing service is redeployed.`,
+	RunE: runUp,
+}
+
+func runUp(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+	c, err := client()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	projectID, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("project")
+	if projectID == "" {
+		projectID = viper.GetString("profiles." + ActiveProfile() + ".project_id")
+	}
+	if projectID == "" {
+		return &APIError{
+			Message:  "no project selected — pass --project <id> or set project_id on the active profile",
+			ExitCode: ExitValidation,
+		}
+	}
+
+	cwd, err := os.Getwd()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	name, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("name")
+	if name == "" {
+		name = filepath.Base(cwd)
+	}
+	repo := gitOutput(cwd, "config", "--get", "remote.origin.url")
+	branch := gitOutput(cwd, "rev-parse", "--abbrev-ref", "HEAD")
+	commit := gitOutput(cwd, "rev-parse", "HEAD")
+	image, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("image")
+
+	if repo == "" && image == "" {
+		return &APIError{
+			Message:  "no git remote and no --image — either init git with an origin remote or pass --image",
+			ExitCode: ExitValidation,
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Reuse an existing same-named service when present.
+	svcID, _ := cmd.Flags().GetString("service")
+	if svcID == "" {
+		if data, err := c.Do("GET", "/projects/"+projectID+"/services", nil); err == nil {
+			if items, err := unwrapList(data, "services"); err == nil {
+				for _, s := range items {
+					if str(s, "name") == name {
+						svcID = str(s, "id")
+						break
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if svcID == "" {
+		body := map[string]interface{}{
+			"name":        name,
+			"type":        "web",
+			"environment": "production",
+		}
+		if repo != "" {
+			body["git_repo"] = repo
+			if branch != "" {
+				body["git_branch"] = branch
+			}
+		}
+		if image != "" {
+			body["image"] = image
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("POST", "/projects/"+projectID+"/services", body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		s, _ := unwrapObject(data, "service")
+		svcID = str(s, "id")
+		if svcID == "" || svcID == "-" {
+			PrintRaw(data)
+			return &APIError{Message: "service created but id missing from response", ExitCode: ExitError}
+		}
+		if !JSONMode() {
+			fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "Created service %s (%s)\n", name, svcID)
+		}
+	}
+
+	deployBody := map[string]interface{}{"trigger": "cli-up"}
+	if commit != "" {
+		deployBody["commit_hash"] = commit
+	}
+	if branch != "" {
+		deployBody["branch"] = branch
+	}
+	data, err := c.Do("POST", "/services/"+svcID+"/deployments", deployBody)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if JSONMode() {
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	}
+	d, _ := unwrapObject(data, "deployment")
+	fmt.Printf("Deploying %s → service %s (deployment %s)\n", name, svcID, str(d, "id"))
+	return nil
+}
+
+func gitOutput(dir string, args ...string) string {
+	cmd := exec.Command("git", args...)
+	cmd.Dir = dir
+	out, err := cmd.Output()
+	if err != nil {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return strings.TrimSpace(string(out))
+}
+
+func init() {
+	UpCmd.Flags().String("project", "", "target project id (or set project_id on the profile)")
+	UpCmd.Flags().String("name", "", "service name (default: directory name)")
+	UpCmd.Flags().String("service", "", "existing service id to redeploy")
+	UpCmd.Flags().String("image", "", "deploy this image instead of building from git")
+}

app/backend/internal/cli/commands/variables.go

@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+package commands
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+)
+
+// VariablesCmd manages service environment variables.
+var VariablesCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:     "variables",
+	Aliases: []string{"vars", "env"},
+	Short:   "Manage service environment variables",
+}
+
+var varsListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list <service-id>",
+	Short: "List variables (secrets shown masked)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", "/services/"+args[0]+"/variables", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "variables")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, v := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{str(v, "key"), str(v, "value"), str(v, "is_secret")})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"KEY", "VALUE", "SECRET"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+// Variables are replaced wholesale server-side — set/unset fetch the
+// current list, mutate it, and PUT it back. Masked secret placeholders are
+// preserved by the server.
+var varsSetCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "set <service-id> KEY=VALUE [KEY=VALUE...]",
+	Short: "Set one or more variables",
+	Args:  cobra.MinimumNArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		secret, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("secret")
+		redeploy, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("redeploy")
+		return mutateVars(serviceVarsPath(args[0]), args[0], redeploy, func(vars []map[string]interface{}) []map[string]interface{} {
+			for _, pair := range args[1:] {
+				k, v, found := strings.Cut(pair, "=")
+				if !found || k == "" {
+					continue
+				}
+				vars = upsertVar(vars, k, v, secret)
+			}
+			return vars
+		})
+	},
+}
+
+var varsUnsetCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "unset <service-id> KEY [KEY...]",
+	Short: "Remove variables",
+	Args:  cobra.MinimumNArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		drop := map[string]bool{}
+		for _, k := range args[1:] {
+			drop[k] = true
+		}
+		redeploy, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("redeploy")
+		return mutateVars(serviceVarsPath(args[0]), args[0], redeploy, func(vars []map[string]interface{}) []map[string]interface{} {
+			out := vars[:0]
+			for _, v := range vars {
+				if !drop[str(v, "key")] {
+					out = append(out, v)
+				}
+			}
+			return out
+		})
+	},
+}
+
+// Shared variables — project scope, referenced as ${{shared.KEY}}.
+
+var varsSharedCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "shared",
+	Short: "Manage project-level shared variables (${{shared.KEY}})",
+}
+
+var sharedVarsListCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "list <project-id>",
+	Short: "List shared project variables (secrets shown masked)",
+	Args:  cobra.ExactArgs(1),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		c, err := client()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		data, err := c.Do("GET", projectVarsPath(args[0]), nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		items, err := unwrapList(data, "variables")
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		rows := make([][]string, 0, len(items))
+		for _, v := range items {
+			rows = append(rows, []string{str(v, "key"), str(v, "value"), str(v, "is_secret")})
+		}
+		printRows(data, []string{"KEY", "VALUE", "SECRET"}, rows)
+		return nil
+	},
+}
+
+var sharedVarsSetCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "set <project-id> KEY=VALUE [KEY=VALUE...]",
+	Short: "Set shared project variables",
+	Args:  cobra.MinimumNArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		secret, _ := cmd.Flags().GetBool("secret")
+		return mutateVars(projectVarsPath(args[0]), args[0], false, func(vars []map[string]interface{}) []map[string]interface{} {
+			for _, pair := range args[1:] {
+				k, v, found := strings.Cut(pair, "=")
+				if !found || k == "" {
+					continue
+				}
+				vars = upsertVar(vars, k, v, secret)
+			}
+			return vars
+		})
+	},
+}
+
+var sharedVarsUnsetCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:   "unset <project-id> KEY [KEY...]",
+	Short: "Remove shared project variables",
+	Args:  cobra.MinimumNArgs(2),
+	RunE: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		drop := map[string]bool{}
+		for _, k := range args[1:] {
+			drop[k] = true
+		}
+		return mutateVars(projectVarsPath(args[0]), args[0], false, func(vars []map[string]interface{}) []map[string]interface{} {
+			out := vars[:0]
+			for _, v := range vars {
+				if !drop[str(v, "key")] {
+					out = append(out, v)
+				}
+			}
+			return out
+		})
+	},
+}
+
+func serviceVarsPath(serviceID string) string { return "/services/" + serviceID + "/variables" }
+func projectVarsPath(projectID string) string { return "/projects/" + projectID + "/variables" }
+
+func mutateVars(path, label string, redeploy bool, mutate func([]map[string]interface{}) []map[string]interface{}) error {
+	c, err := client()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	data, err := c.Do("GET", path, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	vars, err := unwrapList(data, "variables")
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	vars = mutate(vars)
+	payload := make([]map[string]interface{}, 0, len(vars))
+	for _, v := range vars {
+		payload = append(payload, map[string]interface{}{
+			"key":       str(v, "key"),
+			"value":     str(v, "value"),
+			"is_secret": v["is_secret"] == true,
+		})
+	}
+	body := map[string]interface{}{"variables": payload}
+	if redeploy {
+		body["redeploy"] = true
+	}
+	data, err = c.Do("PUT", path, body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if JSONMode() {
+		PrintRaw(data)
+		return nil
+	}
+	obj, _ := unwrapObject(data)
+	if obj["redeploy_queued"] == true {
+		fmt.Printf("Variables updated on %s — redeploy queued\n", label)
+	} else {
+		fmt.Printf("Variables updated on %s — redeploy to apply to running containers\n", label)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func upsertVar(vars []map[string]interface{}, key, value string, secret bool) []map[string]interface{} {
+	for _, v := range vars {
+		if str(v, "key") == key {
+			v["value"] = value
+			v["is_secret"] = secret
+			return vars
+		}
+	}
+	return append(vars, map[string]interface{}{"key": key, "value": value, "is_secret": secret})
+}
+
+func init() {
+	varsSetCmd.Flags().Bool("secret", false, "mark the variable(s) as secret")
+	varsSetCmd.Flags().Bool("redeploy", false, "redeploy the service after saving")
+	varsUnsetCmd.Flags().Bool("redeploy", false, "redeploy the service after saving")
+	sharedVarsSetCmd.Flags().Bool("secret", false, "mark the variable(s) as secret")
+	varsSharedCmd.AddCommand(sharedVarsListCmd, sharedVarsSetCmd, sharedVarsUnsetCmd)
+	VariablesCmd.AddCommand(varsListCmd, varsSetCmd, varsUnsetCmd, varsSharedCmd)
+}