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# Engagement System - Complete Documentation
## Overview
The Engagement System is a comprehensive gamification platform that rewards users for participation through XP, levels, points, achievements, and redeemable rewards.
## Table of Contents
1. [Core Concepts](#core-concepts)
2. [Database Schema](#database-schema)
3. [Backend API](#backend-api)
4. [Frontend Integration](#frontend-integration)
5. [Points & XP System](#points--xp-system)
6. [Achievements](#achievements)
7. [Rewards Store](#rewards-store)
8. [Security & Anti-Abuse](#security--anti-abuse)
9. [Admin Management](#admin-management)
10. [Production Checklist](#production-checklist)
---
## Core Concepts
### Points
- **Currency** for redeeming rewards
- Can be manually adjusted by admins
- Awarded for user actions (commenting, voting, etc.)
- NOT deducted when spent on XP-only rewards
### XP (Experience Points)
- **Progression metric** for leveling up
- Mirrors points by default (except admin adjustments)
- Determines user level
- Cannot be spent, only earned
### Levels
- Automatically calculated from total XP
- Formula: `Total XP to Level L = 50 * (L-1) * L`
- Each level requires: `100 * L` additional XP
- Visual progression with colored badges
- Titles: Začátečník → Nováček → Aktivní člen → Veterán → Expert → Mistr → Legenda
### Achievements
- One-time milestones that award points + XP
- Automatically checked and granted
- Examples: first comment, 10 votes, newsletter subscription
### Rewards
- Items users can redeem with points
- Types: avatars, merchandise coupons, custom unlocks
- Limited or unlimited stock
- Redemption workflow with approval system
---
## Database Schema
### `user_profiles`
```sql
CREATE TABLE user_profiles (
id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
updated_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
user_id BIGINT UNIQUE NOT NULL,
points BIGINT DEFAULT 0,
level INTEGER DEFAULT 1,
xp BIGINT DEFAULT 0,
username VARCHAR(32) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
avatar_url VARCHAR(500),
animated_avatar_url VARCHAR(500),
avatar_upload_unlocked BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE
);
```
**Indexes**: `user_id`, `points DESC`, `level DESC`, `xp DESC`, `username`
### `points_transactions`
```sql
CREATE TABLE points_transactions (
id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
created_at TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE,
user_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
delta BIGINT NOT NULL,
xp_delta BIGINT DEFAULT 0,
reason VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
meta JSONB
);
```
**Common Reasons**:
- `comment_create` - User posted a comment (5 pts/XP)
- `comment_reacted` - User reacted to a comment (1 pt/XP)
- `poll_vote` - User voted in a poll (3 pts/XP)
- `newsletter_subscribe` - User subscribed to newsletter (12 pts/XP)
- `redeem` - User redeemed a reward (negative points)
- `redeem_refund` - Redemption rejected (positive points)
- `admin_adjust` - Manual adjustment (points only, no XP)
- `achievement:CODE` - Achievement unlocked
### `achievements`
```sql
CREATE TABLE achievements (
id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
code VARCHAR(64) UNIQUE NOT NULL,
title VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
description TEXT,
points BIGINT DEFAULT 0,
xp BIGINT DEFAULT 0,
icon VARCHAR(255),
active BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE
);
```
**Default Achievements**:
- `first_comment` - První komentář (10 pts/XP)
- `first_vote` - První hlasování (8 pts/XP)
- `newsletter_sub` - Odběr novinek (12 pts/XP)
- `comments_10` - Komentátor (20 pts/XP)
- `votes_10` - Hlasující (20 pts/XP)
- `comments_50` - Aktivní člen (50 pts/XP)
- `votes_50` - Věrný fanoušek (50 pts/XP)
- `comments_100` - Veterán diskuzí (100 pts/XP)
### `user_achievements`
Junction table tracking which achievements each user has unlocked.
### `reward_items`
```sql
CREATE TABLE reward_items (
id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
type VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL,
cost_points BIGINT NOT NULL,
image_url VARCHAR(500),
stock INTEGER DEFAULT 0,
active BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
metadata JSONB
);
```
**Types**:
- `avatar_static` - Static image avatar (auto-applied)
- `avatar_animated` - Animated GIF avatar (auto-applied)
- `avatar_upload_unlock` - Unlock custom avatar upload
- `merch_coupon` - Merchandise discount code
- `merch_physical` - Physical item (requires fulfillment)
- `merch_digital` - Digital download
- `custom` - Admin-defined
**Stock**:
- `-1` = Unlimited
- `0` = Out of stock
- `>0` = Limited quantity
### `reward_redemptions`
```sql
CREATE TABLE reward_redemptions (
id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
user_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
reward_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
status VARCHAR(24) DEFAULT 'pending'
);
```
**Statuses**:
- `pending` - Awaiting admin approval (manual rewards)
- `approved` - Admin approved but not yet fulfilled
- `fulfilled` - Item delivered to user
- `rejected` - Admin rejected (points refunded)
---
## Backend API
### Public Endpoints
#### `GET /api/v1/engagement/rewards`
List all active rewards available for redemption.
**Response**:
```json
[
{
"id": 1,
"name": "Avatar Blue #1",
"type": "avatar_static",
"cost_points": 50,
"image_url": "/uploads/avatars/blue-1.png",
"stock": 5,
"active": true
}
]
```
### Protected Endpoints (Require Auth)
#### `GET /api/v1/engagement/profile`
Get current user's engagement profile.
**Response**:
```json
{
"user_id": 123,
"points": 1250,
"level": 12,
"xp": 7800,
"username": "fan-superstar",
"avatar_url": "https://api.dicebear.com/7.x/pixel-art/svg?seed=fan-superstar",
"animated_avatar_url": null,
"avatar_upload_unlocked": true,
"achievements": 8
}
```
#### `PATCH /api/v1/engagement/profile`
Update username.
**Request**:
```json
{
"username": "new-username"
}
```
**Validation**:
- 3-32 characters
- Only lowercase letters, numbers, `-`, `_`, `.`
- No consecutive special chars
- Cannot start/end with special chars
- Reserved words blocked
#### `PATCH /api/v1/engagement/avatar`
Update avatar URLs.
**Request**:
```json
{
"avatar_url": "/uploads/my-avatar.png",
"animated_avatar_url": "/uploads/my-avatar.gif"
}
```
**Note**: Custom uploads require `avatar_upload_unlocked = true`.
#### `POST /api/v1/engagement/redeem`
Redeem a reward.
**Request**:
```json
{
"reward_id": 5
}
```
**Response**:
```json
{
"ok": true,
"status": "approved"
}
```
**Process**:
1. Check user has enough points
2. Check stock availability
3. Deduct points atomically
4. Decrement stock
5. Create redemption record
6. Auto-apply for avatar types
7. Send confirmation email
8. For manual rewards: notify admin
**Rate Limit**: 5 requests per hour
#### `GET /api/v1/engagement/achievements`
List all achievements with user progress.
**Response**:
```json
{
"achievements": [
{
"id": 1,
"code": "first_comment",
"title": "První komentář",
"description": "Napsal/a jste první komentář.",
"points": 10,
"xp": 10,
"achieved": true,
"achieved_at": "2025-10-15T14:30:00Z"
}
],
"counters": {
"comments": 25,
"votes": 18,
"newsletter": true
}
}
```
#### `GET /api/v1/engagement/leaderboard`
Get top users.
**Query Params**:
- `metric`: `points` | `level` | `xp` (default: `points`)
- `limit`: 1-100 (default: 20)
**Response**:
```json
{
"items": [
{
"rank": 1,
"user_id": 456,
"first_name": "Jan",
"last_name": "Novák",
"username": "fan-456",
"role": "fan",
"points": 5420,
"level": 28,
"xp": 39200,
"avatar_url": "...",
"animated_avatar_url": null
}
]
}
```
#### `GET /api/v1/engagement/transactions`
Get user's points transaction history.
**Query Params**:
- `limit`: 1-200 (default: 50)
- `reason`: filter by reason
**Response**:
```json
{
"items": [
{
"id": 789,
"user_id": 123,
"delta": 5,
"xp_delta": 5,
"reason": "comment_create",
"meta": {"comment_id": 42},
"created_at": "2025-11-01T10:15:00Z"
}
]
}
```
### Admin Endpoints
#### `GET /admin/engagement/rewards`
List all rewards (including inactive).
**Query**: `?active=true|false`
#### `POST /admin/engagement/rewards`
Create a new reward.
#### `PUT /admin/engagement/rewards/:id`
Update reward details.
#### `DELETE /admin/engagement/rewards/:id`
Delete a reward.
#### `GET /admin/engagement/redemptions`
List all redemptions.
**Query**: `?status=pending|approved|rejected|fulfilled`
#### `PATCH /admin/engagement/redemptions/:id`
Update redemption status.
**Request**:
```json
{
"action": "approve" | "reject" | "fulfill"
}
```
**Reject Logic**:
- Refunds points to user
- Restores stock
- Logs refund transaction
- Sends notification email
#### `GET /admin/engagement/leaderboard`
Admin leaderboard (includes email, higher limits).
#### `GET /admin/engagement/transactions`
Admin transaction log.
**Query**: `?user_id=&reason=&limit=`
#### `POST /admin/engagement/adjust`
Manually adjust user points.
**Request**:
```json
{
"user_id": 123,
"delta": 100,
"reason": "admin_adjust",
"meta": {"note": "Compensation for bug"}
}
```
**Note**: Admin adjustments affect points only, not XP.
#### `GET /admin/engagement/profile/:user_id`
View any user's profile.
---
## Frontend Integration
### Services
#### `/frontend/src/services/engagement.ts`
Public API client for engagement features.
**Functions**:
- `getProfile()`
- `patchProfile(body)`
- `patchAvatar(body)`
- `getRewards()`
- `redeemReward(id)`
- `getAchievements()`
- `getLeaderboard(metric, limit)`
#### `/frontend/src/services/admin/engagement.ts`
Admin API client.
**Functions**:
- `adminListRewards(params)`
- `adminCreateReward(body)`
- `adminUpdateReward(id, body)`
- `adminDeleteReward(id)`
- `adminListRedemptions(params)`
- `adminUpdateRedemptionStatus(id, action)`
- `adminGetLeaderboard(metric, limit)`
- `adminListTransactions(params)`
- `adminAdjustPoints(body)`
- `adminGetUserProfile(user_id)`
### Utilities
#### `/frontend/src/utils/engagementHelpers.ts`
**Key Functions**:
- `computeLevelInfo(xp, level)` - Calculate level progress
- `computeLevelFromXP(xp)` - Determine level from XP
- `getLevelTitle(level)` - Get level name
- `getLevelColor(level)` - Get badge color
- `formatPoints(points)` - Format with k/M suffix
- `validateUsername(username)` - Client-side validation
- `generateUsernameSuggestion(first, last)` - Auto-suggest username
### Pages
#### `/frontend/src/pages/SemiAdminPage.tsx`
**Fan Zone** - User engagement profile dashboard.
**Features**:
- Profile stats (points, level, XP progress)
- Username editor
- Avatar management (upload, randomize)
- Level badge with colored tier
- Achievements viewer
- Leaderboard integration
- Rewards store
**Access**: Any authenticated user
#### `/frontend/src/pages/admin/EngagementAdminPage.tsx`
**Admin Panel** - Complete engagement management.
**Sections**:
1. **Leaderboards** - Top users by points/level/XP
2. **Create Reward** - Form with quick presets
3. **Rewards List** - Edit, delete, toggle active
4. **Redemptions** - Approve/reject/fulfill requests
5. **Transactions** - View and filter all transactions
6. **Manual Adjustments** - Add/remove points
**Features**:
- Batch reward creation (bulk avatars)
- Image upload for rewards
- Metadata editor for coupons/merch
- Real-time stock management
- Email notifications
**Access**: Admin only
---
## Points & XP System
### Earning Points & XP
| Action | Points | XP | Daily Cap |
|--------|--------|-----|-----------|
| Comment create | 5 | 5 | 10 comments |
| Comment reaction | 1 | 1 | 20 reactions |
| Poll vote | 3 | 3 | 1 vote |
| Newsletter subscribe | 12 | 12 | Once |
| Achievement unlock | Varies | Varies | - |
**Anti-Abuse**:
- Daily caps per reason (tracked in `PointsTransaction`)
- Rate limiting on endpoints
- Spam detection for comments
- Ban system prevents abuse
### Spending Points
Points are spent to redeem rewards. XP is never deducted.
**Redemption Flow**:
1. User browses rewards store
2. Clicks "Redeem" on affordable item
3. System checks: points ≥ cost, stock > 0
4. **Atomic transaction**:
- Deduct points from profile
- Decrement stock
- Create redemption record
- Log transaction
5. Auto-apply for avatar types
6. Email confirmation
7. Admin notification if manual fulfillment needed
**Refund on Rejection**:
- Admin clicks "Reject" on pending redemption
- System refunds full points
- Restores stock
- Logs refund transaction
- Notifies user
### Level Calculation
```go
func ComputeLevel(xp int64) int {
lvl := 1
threshold := int64(100)
remaining := xp
for remaining >= threshold && lvl < 200 {
remaining -= threshold
lvl++
threshold += int64(100)
}
return max(1, lvl)
}
```
**Examples**:
- Level 1: 0 XP
- Level 2: 100 XP (100 more)
- Level 3: 300 XP (200 more)
- Level 4: 600 XP (300 more)
- Level 10: 4500 XP
- Level 20: 19000 XP
- Level 50: 122500 XP
---
## Achievements
### Built-in Achievements
Defined in migration `20251102000001_create_engagement_system.up.sql`:
```sql
INSERT INTO achievements (code, title, description, points, xp, active) VALUES
('first_comment', 'První komentář', 'Napsal/a jste první komentář.', 10, 10, TRUE),
('first_vote', 'První hlasování', 'Poprvé jste hlasoval/a v anketě.', 8, 8, TRUE),
('newsletter_sub', 'Odběr novinek', 'Přihlášení k odběru newsletteru.', 12, 12, TRUE),
('comments_10', 'Komentátor', '10 komentářů!', 20, 20, TRUE),
('votes_10', 'Hlasující', '10 hlasování!', 20, 20, TRUE),
('comments_50', 'Aktivní člen', '50 komentářů!', 50, 50, TRUE),
('votes_50', 'Věrný fanoušek', '50 hlasování!', 50, 50, TRUE),
('comments_100', 'Veterán diskuzí', '100 komentářů!', 100, 100, TRUE);
```
### Achievement Checking
Automatically triggered:
- After comment creation
- After poll vote
- After newsletter subscription
- On manual admin points adjustment
**Service Method**:
```go
func (s *EngagementService) CheckAndAwardAchievements(userID uint) error
```
**Process**:
1. Load user's completed achievements
2. Count relevant actions (comments, votes, newsletter)
3. Check each achievement condition
4. Award if not already unlocked:
- Create `UserAchievement` record
- Add both points AND xp via `AwardPointsAndXP()`
- Transaction logged with reason `achievement:CODE`
### Adding Custom Achievements
**Via SQL**:
```sql
INSERT INTO achievements (code, title, description, points, xp, icon, active)
VALUES ('super_fan', 'Super Fanoušek', 'Dosáhl/a jste úrovně 50!', 500, 500, '', TRUE);
```
**Logic in Service**:
```go
// In CheckAndAwardAchievements
if up.Level >= 50 {
awardByCode("super_fan")
}
```
---
## Rewards Store
### Creating Rewards
**Quick Presets** (Admin UI):
- Avatar (static) - 50 points
- Avatar (animated) - 100 points
- Merch coupon - 200 points
**Batch Creation**:
Useful for importing avatar packs.
**Settings**:
- Base URL template: `https://cdn.example.com/avatars/avatar-{i}.png`
- Count: 10
- Start index: 1
- Generates: avatar-1.png through avatar-10.png
### Reward Types
#### Avatar Static/Animated
**Auto-applied on redemption**:
- `avatar_static` → Updates `UserProfile.avatar_url`
- `avatar_animated` → Updates `UserProfile.animated_avatar_url`
- Status: `approved` (instant)
#### Avatar Upload Unlock
Special reward type that unlocks custom upload.
- Cost: typically 100 points
- Stock: -1 (unlimited)
- Sets `UserProfile.avatar_upload_unlocked = true`
- One per user
#### Merchandise Coupons
Requires manual fulfillment.
**Metadata Example**:
```json
{
"coupon_code": "SUPERFAN10",
"expires_at": "2025-12-31",
"discount": "10%",
"note": "Vyzvednout na recepci"
}
```
**Workflow**:
1. User redeems → Status `pending`
2. Admin reviews → Clicks "Approve"
3. Admin delivers → Clicks "Fulfill"
#### Physical Merchandise
Like coupons but requires shipping.
**Metadata**:
```json
{
"sku": "TSHIRT-L-RED",
"size": "L",
"color": "Červená"
}
```
#### Digital Products
E.g., e-book, wallpaper pack.
**Metadata**:
```json
{
"download_url": "https://...",
"license_key": "XXXX-YYYY-ZZZZ"
}
```
### Stock Management
**Unlimited**: `stock = -1`
**Out of stock**: `stock = 0` (reward hidden to users)
**Limited**: `stock > 0` (decrements on redemption, restores on rejection)
**Admin can**:
- Update stock inline in rewards table
- Toggle `active` to hide/show without deleting
---
## Security & Anti-Abuse
### Rate Limiting
Applied to all engagement endpoints:
- Redeem: 5 requests / hour
- Comment create: 20 / minute
- Poll vote: 60 / minute
- Reactions: 60 / minute
- Unban request: 5 / hour
### Daily Caps
Implemented in `EngagementService.AwardPointsCapped()`:
```go
switch reason {
case "poll_vote":
return cnt < 1 // Max 1 per day
case "comment_create":
return cnt < 10 // Max 10 per day
case "comment_reacted":
return cnt < 20 // Max 20 per day
case "newsletter_subscribe":
return cnt == 0 // Once per lifetime
}
```
### Username Validation
**Backend** (`pkg/validation/engagement.go`):
- Length: 3-32 characters
- Charset: `[a-z0-9\-_.]`
- No consecutive specials
- No leading/trailing specials
- Reserved word check
**Frontend** (`utils/engagementHelpers.ts`):
Pre-validation with instant feedback.
### Points Atomicity
All points operations use database transactions:
```go
tx := ec.DB.Begin()
if res := tx.Model(&models.UserProfile{}).
Where("user_id = ? AND points >= ?", userID, cost).
UpdateColumn("points", gorm.Expr("points - ?", cost));
res.RowsAffected == 0 {
tx.Rollback()
return error
}
tx.Commit()
```
Prevents:
- Double spending
- Race conditions
- Negative balances
### Avatar Upload Security
Users must first unlock via reward redemption.
**Check**:
```go
if strings.HasPrefix(url, "/uploads/") {
if !up.AvatarUploadUnlocked {
return errors.New("locked")
}
}
```
External URLs (Dicebear, etc.) allowed without unlock.
---
## Admin Management
### Dashboard Features
1. **Leaderboards** - Monitor top performers
2. **Reward CRUD** - Full management interface
3. **Redemption Queue** - Approve/reject/fulfill
4. **Transaction Log** - Audit all point changes
5. **Manual Adjustments** - Add/remove points
### Batch Operations
**Rewards**:
- Create multiple avatars from URL template
- Bulk activate/deactivate
**Transactions**:
- Filter by user, reason, date
- Export capability (future)
### Email Notifications
**To Users**:
- Reward redeemed confirmation
- Redemption status updates (fulfilled/rejected)
- Achievement unlocked (future)
**To Admins**:
- New pending redemption alert
- Includes user info and manage link
**Templates**:
- `/templates/emails/reward_redeemed_user.html`
- `/templates/emails/reward_redeemed_admin.html`
---
## Production Checklist
### Database
- [x] Run migration `20251102000001_create_engagement_system.up.sql`
- [x] Verify indexes created
- [x] Default achievements seeded
- [x] Avatar unlock reward created
### Backend
- [x] Engagement service implemented
- [x] Controllers with validation
- [x] Routes registered
- [x] Rate limiting applied
- [x] Email templates exist
- [x] Helper functions created
### Frontend
- [x] User dashboard (SemiAdminPage)
- [x] Admin panel (EngagementAdminPage)
- [x] Services configured
- [x] Utilities available
- [x] Responsive design
### Security
- [x] Username validation (backend + frontend)
- [x] Points atomicity (transactions)
- [x] Rate limits on all endpoints
- [x] Daily caps per action
- [x] Avatar upload gating
- [x] CSRF protection (cookie auth)
- [x] Input sanitization
### Testing
- [ ] Create test user profile
- [ ] Award points for comment
- [ ] Redeem avatar reward
- [ ] Test level progression
- [ ] Unlock achievement
- [ ] Admin adjust points
- [ ] Approve/reject redemption
- [ ] Test daily caps
- [ ] Verify email delivery
- [ ] Load test leaderboard
### Configuration
- [ ] Set `SMTP_*` environment variables
- [ ] Configure canonical base URL for emails
- [ ] Review default achievement values
- [ ] Set initial reward catalog
- [ ] Configure avatar upload limits
### Monitoring
- [ ] Track redemption rate
- [ ] Monitor points inflation
- [ ] Check for abuse patterns
- [ ] Review transaction logs
- [ ] Monitor email delivery
### Documentation
- [x] Complete API documentation
- [x] User guide for Fan Zone
- [x] Admin guide for management
- [x] Database schema documented
- [x] Helper functions documented
---
## Future Enhancements
### Phase 2
- [ ] Seasonal events (double XP weekends)
- [ ] Team/guild system
- [ ] Achievement categories
- [ ] Leaderboard seasons
- [ ] Profile customization (banners, badges)
### Phase 3
- [ ] Referral rewards
- [ ] Daily login streaks
- [ ] Special challenges
- [ ] Limited-time rewards
- [ ] Trading system (?)
### Integration Ideas
- [ ] Match prediction rewards
- [ ] Attendance check-in points
- [ ] Social media sharing bonuses
- [ ] Newsletter engagement tracking
---
## Support
For issues or questions:
1. Check admin transaction log for debugging
2. Review user profile directly in database
3. Check email logs for notification delivery
4. Verify migration ran successfully
5. Consult `/DOCS/` for additional guides
**Migration Files**:
- `database/migrations/20251102000001_create_engagement_system.up.sql`
- `database/migrations/20251102000001_create_engagement_system.down.sql`
**Key Files**:
- Backend: `internal/services/engagement.go`
- Backend: `internal/controllers/engagement_controller.go`
- Frontend: `frontend/src/pages/SemiAdminPage.tsx`
- Frontend: `frontend/src/pages/admin/EngagementAdminPage.tsx`
- Utils: `frontend/src/utils/engagementHelpers.ts`
- Validation: `pkg/validation/engagement.go`
- Helpers: `internal/helpers/engagement_helpers.go`
---
**Last Updated**: November 2, 2025
**Status**: Production Ready ✅