security: harden agent surface — vault_exec allow-list, SSRF, error hygiene

Stress-test remediation across MCP, CLI, and backend:

- primora_vault_exec rewritten as an allow-list (was deny-list):
  colon-form single-token commands bypassed it, leaking every vault
  secret; verbatim env-name injection allowed NODE_OPTIONS=--require
  host RCE. Now fixed read-mostly command set, arg/path deny regex,
  strict env-name grammar, loader-hook name blocklist. All prior
  bypasses verified denied; allowed commands still inject.
- SSRF: webhook/job URL validation now blocks cloud metadata IPs
  (169.254.169.254, fd00:ec2::254) inside the link-local allowance
  and non-canonical IP encodings (decimal/hex bare hosts) smuggled
  as "docker service names".
- Path params encodeURIComponent in all client consumers — encodeURI
  left ?#& intact, smuggling query segments through {name} params.
- primora_upload_object strict-validates contentBase64 — Buffer.from
  silently dropped invalid chars.
- MCP no-creds startup degrades instead of crashing mid-handshake.
- GET /api/v1/context — API-key self-discovery; fixes the CLI dead
  end (login --api-key validates the key + seeds org/project,
  use/context/whoami work under key auth).
- CLI: unknown commands / bare group exit 1 with hints; mri numeric
  coercion reversed via raw-argv restore (007 stays "007");
  login --json; orgs:rm / projects:rm / buckets:rm behind --yes;
  fetch-failed errors name the cause.
- Error hygiene: pgx.ErrNoRows -> 404, pgconn codes -> clean
  400/409 without SQLSTATE leaks, validator failures formatted,
  services.InputError maps input faults to 400 (webhook URL/event
  errors were 500s), presign on local driver -> 400.
- Webhook events accept wildcard patterns (*, ns.*, custom.*)
  matched via SQL LIKE — client-published events can be webhooked.

Generated with [Devin](https://devin.ai)

Co-Authored-By: Devin <158243242+devin-ai-integration[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

apps/backend/db/queries/organizations.sql

@@ -147,3 +147,7 @@ WHERE p.organization_id = $1;
 DELETE FROM core.organizations
 WHERE id = $1
 RETURNING *;
+
+-- name: GetOrganizationByID :one
+SELECT * FROM core.organizations
+WHERE id = $1;

apps/backend/db/queries/webhooks.sql

@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ WHERE id = $1;
 SELECT * FROM core.webhooks
 WHERE project_id = $1
   AND enabled
-  AND (cardinality(events) = 0 OR $2::text = ANY(events));
+  AND (cardinality(events) = 0 OR EXISTS (
+    SELECT 1 FROM unnest(events) AS e
+    WHERE e = '*' OR $2::text LIKE REPLACE(e, '*', '%')
+  ));
 
 -- name: CreateWebhook :one
 INSERT INTO core.webhooks (

apps/backend/internal/database/db/organizations.sql.go

@@ -241,6 +241,23 @@ func (q *Queries) GetInvitationByTokenHash(ctx context.Context, tokenHash string
 	return i, err
 }
 
+const getOrganizationByID = `-- name: GetOrganizationByID :one
+SELECT id, slug, name, created_at FROM core.organizations
+WHERE id = $1
+`
+
+func (q *Queries) GetOrganizationByID(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (CoreOrganization, error) {
+	row := q.db.QueryRow(ctx, getOrganizationByID, id)
+	var i CoreOrganization
+	err := row.Scan(
+		&i.ID,
+		&i.Slug,
+		&i.Name,
+		&i.CreatedAt,
+	)
+	return i, err
+}
+
 const getOrganizationMembership = `-- name: GetOrganizationMembership :one
 SELECT
   om.id, om.organization_id, om.user_id, om.role, om.created_at,

apps/backend/internal/database/db/querier.go

@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ type Querier interface {
 	GetIntegrationByID(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (CoreIntegration, error)
 	GetInvitationByIDForOrganization(ctx context.Context, arg GetInvitationByIDForOrganizationParams) (CoreProjectInvitation, error)
 	GetInvitationByTokenHash(ctx context.Context, tokenHash string) (CoreProjectInvitation, error)
+	GetOrganizationByID(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (CoreOrganization, error)
 	GetOrganizationMembership(ctx context.Context, arg GetOrganizationMembershipParams) (GetOrganizationMembershipRow, error)
 	GetProjectByID(ctx context.Context, id uuid.UUID) (CoreProject, error)
 	GetProjectMembership(ctx context.Context, arg GetProjectMembershipParams) (GetProjectMembershipRow, error)

apps/backend/internal/database/db/webhooks.sql.go

@@ -291,7 +291,10 @@ const listWebhooksForEvent = `-- name: ListWebhooksForEvent :many
 SELECT id, project_id, url, secret, events, enabled, created_by_user_id, created_at, updated_at FROM core.webhooks
 WHERE project_id = $1
   AND enabled
-  AND (cardinality(events) = 0 OR $2::text = ANY(events))
+  AND (cardinality(events) = 0 OR EXISTS (
+    SELECT 1 FROM unnest(events) AS e
+    WHERE e = '*' OR $2::text LIKE REPLACE(e, '*', '%')
+  ))
 `
 
 type ListWebhooksForEventParams struct {

apps/backend/internal/handlers/http.go

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ package handlers
 
 import (
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"strconv"
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/go-playground/validator/v10"
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
 	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5"
+	"github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/pgconn"
 
 	db "github.com/tdvorak/primora/apps/backend/internal/database/db"
 	"github.com/tdvorak/primora/apps/backend/internal/middleware"
@@ -35,6 +37,7 @@ func (h *HTTPHandler) Register(router *gin.Engine) {
 
 	api := router.Group("/api/v1")
 	api.GET("/me", h.me)
+	api.GET("/context", h.actorContext)
 	api.GET("/instance/public", h.instancePublic)
 	api.GET("/instance/settings", h.listInstanceSettings)
 	api.PUT("/instance/settings/:key", h.updateInstanceSetting)
@@ -181,6 +184,19 @@ func (h *HTTPHandler) me(c *gin.Context) {
 	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, result)
 }
 
+func (h *HTTPHandler) actorContext(c *gin.Context) {
+	actor, ok := middleware.RequireActor(c)
+	if !ok {
+		return
+	}
+	result, err := h.Platform.ActorContext(c.Request.Context(), actor)
+	if err != nil {
+		h.handleError(c, err)
+		return
+	}
+	c.JSON(http.StatusOK, result)
+}
+
 func (h *HTTPHandler) bootstrap(c *gin.Context) {
 	actor, ok := middleware.RequireActor(c)
 	if !ok {
@@ -921,6 +937,10 @@ func (h *HTTPHandler) presignObject(c *gin.Context) {
 			apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusNotFound, "not_found", "bucket or object not found")
 			return
 		}
+		if errors.Is(err, services.ErrPresignUnsupported) {
+			apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "presign_unsupported", err.Error())
+			return
+		}
 		h.handleError(c, err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -1260,17 +1280,58 @@ func (h *HTTPHandler) bindAndValidate(c *gin.Context, target any) bool {
 		return false
 	}
 	if err := h.Validate.Struct(target); err != nil {
-		apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "validation_failed", err.Error())
+		var valErrs validator.ValidationErrors
+		if errors.As(err, &valErrs) && len(valErrs) > 0 {
+			apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "validation_failed", formatFieldError(valErrs[0]))
+		} else {
+			apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "validation_failed", "invalid request body")
+		}
 		return false
 	}
 	return true
 }
 
+func formatFieldError(f validator.FieldError) string {
+	if f.Tag() == "required" {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s is required", strings.ToLower(f.Field()))
+	}
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s failed %s validation", strings.ToLower(f.Field()), f.Tag())
+}
+
 func (h *HTTPHandler) handleError(c *gin.Context, err error) {
 	switch {
 	case errors.Is(err, io.EOF):
 		apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid_body", "request body is empty")
+	case errors.Is(err, pgx.ErrNoRows):
+		apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusNotFound, "not_found", "resource not found")
 	default:
+		var inputErr *services.InputError
+		if errors.As(err, &inputErr) {
+			apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid_request", inputErr.Error())
+			return
+		}
+		var valErrs validator.ValidationErrors
+		if errors.As(err, &valErrs) && len(valErrs) > 0 {
+			apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid_request", formatFieldError(valErrs[0]))
+			return
+		}
+		var pgErr *pgconn.PgError
+		if errors.As(err, &pgErr) {
+			// Structured codes — never leak raw SQLSTATE text or constraint names.
+			switch pgErr.Code {
+			case "23505":
+				apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusConflict, "conflict", "resource already exists")
+			case "23503":
+				apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusConflict, "conflict", "referenced resource does not exist")
+			case "22001", "54000":
+				apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid_request", "value too large")
+			case "22021":
+				apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusBadRequest, "invalid_request", "input is not valid UTF-8")
+			default:
+				apperrors.Abort(c, http.StatusInternalServerError, "request_failed", "database error")
+			}
+			return
+		}
 		status := http.StatusInternalServerError
 		message := strings.ToLower(err.Error())
 		if strings.Contains(message, "insufficient") || strings.Contains(message, "access denied") {

apps/backend/internal/services/integrations_test.go

@@ -104,4 +104,39 @@ func TestValidateWebhookEvents(t *testing.T) {
 	if _, err := validateWebhookEvents([]string{"bogus.event"}); err == nil {
 		t.Error("expected unknown event rejected")
 	}
+	for _, ok := range [][]string{
+		{"*"},
+		{"document.*"},
+		{"custom.deploy.done"},
+		{"custom.*"},
+		{"custom.deploy.*"},
+	} {
+		if _, err := validateWebhookEvents(ok); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("expected %v accepted, got %v", ok, err)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, bad := range [][]string{
+		{"banana.*"}, {"custom..*"}, {"custom.UPPER"}, {"document.exploded"},
+	} {
+		if _, err := validateWebhookEvents(bad); err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("expected %v rejected", bad)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestPrivateWebhookHostHardening(t *testing.T) {
+	private := []string{"localhost", "minio", "echo-svc", "host.docker.internal",
+		"10.0.0.4", "172.16.5.5", "192.168.1.10", "fe80::1", "svc.local", "db.internal"}
+	public := []string{"169.254.169.254", "fd00:ec2::254", "2130706433", "0x7f000001",
+		"8.8.8.8", "example.com", "999999999999"}
+	for _, h := range private {
+		if !isPrivateWebhookHost(h) {
+			t.Errorf("expected %q private", h)
+		}
+	}
+	for _, h := range public {
+		if isPrivateWebhookHost(h) {
+			t.Errorf("expected %q public/blocked", h)
+		}
+	}
 }

apps/backend/internal/services/platform_service.go

@@ -405,6 +405,51 @@ func (s *PlatformService) PublishProjectEvent(ctx context.Context, actor *models
 	return nil
 }
 
+// ActorContext describes the caller's own scope — the self-discovery
+// endpoint for API keys, which cannot call /me. User actors get just the
+// type marker; their full view is PlatformSummary.
+type ActorContext struct {
+	Actor        string          `json:"actor"`
+	Scopes       []string        `json:"scopes,omitempty"`
+	KeyPrefix    string          `json:"key_prefix,omitempty"`
+	Organization *ContextOrgInfo `json:"organization,omitempty"`
+	Project      *ContextRef     `json:"project,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type ContextOrgInfo struct {
+	ContextRef
+	Role string `json:"role,omitempty"`
+}
+
+type ContextRef struct {
+	ID   uuid.UUID `json:"id"`
+	Slug string    `json:"slug"`
+	Name string    `json:"name"`
+}
+
+func (s *PlatformService) ActorContext(ctx context.Context, actor *models.Actor) (ActorContext, error) {
+	out := ActorContext{Actor: string(actor.Type)}
+	if actor.Type != models.ActorTypeAPIKey {
+		return out, nil
+	}
+	out.Scopes = actor.Scopes
+	out.KeyPrefix = actor.APIKeyPrefix
+	if actor.ProjectID == nil {
+		return out, nil
+	}
+	project, err := s.repo.Queries().GetProjectByID(ctx, *actor.ProjectID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return out, err
+	}
+	out.Project = &ContextRef{ID: project.ID, Slug: project.Slug, Name: project.Name}
+	org, err := s.repo.Queries().GetOrganizationByID(ctx, project.OrganizationID)
+	if err != nil {
+		return out, err
+	}
+	out.Organization = &ContextOrgInfo{ContextRef: ContextRef{ID: org.ID, Slug: org.Slug, Name: org.Name}}
+	return out, nil
+}
+
 func (s *PlatformService) Me(ctx context.Context, actor *models.Actor) (PlatformSummary, error) {
 	if actor.UserID == nil {
 		return PlatformSummary{}, errors.New("user actor required")
@@ -1479,6 +1524,20 @@ func (s *PlatformService) GetObject(ctx context.Context, actor *models.Actor, bu
 	return object, file, nil
 }
 
+// ErrPresignUnsupported — the configured storage driver can't mint signed
+// URLs (only the S3 driver can). Handlers map it to 400, not 500.
+var ErrPresignUnsupported = errors.New("presigned URLs require BACKEND_STORAGE_DRIVER=s3")
+
+// InputError marks a service-layer failure caused by caller input — the
+// HTTP layer maps it to 400 instead of 500.
+type InputError struct{ msg string }
+
+func (e *InputError) Error() string { return e.msg }
+
+func inputErrorf(format string, args ...any) error {
+	return &InputError{msg: fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)}
+}
+
 // PresignObject mints a short-lived direct-to-storage URL for a single
 // object. Requires the s3 storage driver — the local store has no external
 // URL surface to sign against.
@@ -1507,7 +1566,7 @@ func (s *PlatformService) PresignObject(ctx context.Context, actor *models.Actor
 	}
 	p, ok := s.store.(storage.Presigner)
 	if !ok {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("presigned URLs require BACKEND_STORAGE_DRIVER=s3")
+		return nil, ErrPresignUnsupported
 	}
 	ttl := time.Duration(ttlSeconds) * time.Second
 	return p.Presign(ctx, bucketID.String(), objectKey, method, ttl)

apps/backend/internal/services/webhooks.go

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
+	"regexp"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"
@@ -165,7 +166,7 @@ func normalizeWebhookURL(raw string) (string, error) {
 	trimmed := strings.TrimSpace(raw)
 	u, err := url.Parse(trimmed)
 	if err != nil || u.Host == "" {
-		return "", errors.New("webhook url must be an https URL")
+		return "", inputErrorf("webhook url must be an https URL")
 	}
 	if u.Scheme == "https" {
 		return trimmed, nil
@@ -173,17 +174,35 @@ func normalizeWebhookURL(raw string) (string, error) {
 	if u.Scheme == "http" && isPrivateWebhookHost(u.Hostname()) {
 		return trimmed, nil
 	}
-	return "", errors.New("webhook url must be https (http allowed only for private/self-hosted targets)")
+	return "", inputErrorf("webhook url must be https (http allowed only for private/self-hosted targets)")
+}
+
+var decimalOrHexIPRe = regexp.MustCompile(`^(0x[0-9a-f]+|[0-9]+)$`)
+
+// metadataAddrs are link-local addresses that serve cloud instance
+// metadata — "private" by range but a privileged SSRF target.
+var metadataAddrs = map[string]bool{
+	"169.254.169.254": true, // AWS/GCP/Azure
+	"fd00:ec2::254":   true, // AWS IPv6 metadata
 }
 
 func isPrivateWebhookHost(host string) bool {
 	h := strings.ToLower(strings.Trim(host, "[]"))
+	if metadataAddrs[h] {
+		return false
+	}
 	if h == "localhost" || h == "host.docker.internal" ||
 		strings.HasSuffix(h, ".local") || strings.HasSuffix(h, ".internal") || strings.HasSuffix(h, ".lan") {
 		return true
 	}
 	if !strings.Contains(h, ".") && !strings.Contains(h, ":") {
-		return true // bare hostname — docker service name, unqualified LAN host
+		// Bare hostname — docker service name, unqualified LAN host. A
+		// pure decimal/hex integer is never a service name: it's a
+		// non-canonical IP encoding (2130706433 = 127.0.0.1, 0x7f000001).
+		if decimalOrHexIPRe.MatchString(h) {
+			return false
+		}
+		return true
 	}
 	ip := net.ParseIP(h)
 	if ip == nil {
@@ -192,16 +211,40 @@ func isPrivateWebhookHost(host string) bool {
 	return ip.IsLoopback() || ip.IsPrivate() || ip.IsLinkLocalUnicast()
 }
 
+// webhookEventNamespaces are the valid `<ns>.*` subscription prefixes —
+// derived from the known system event types.
+func webhookEventNamespaces() map[string]bool {
+	ns := map[string]bool{}
+	for t := range webhookEventTypes {
+		if i := strings.Index(t, "."); i > 0 {
+			ns[t[:i]] = true
+		}
+	}
+	return ns
+}
+
+// validateWebhookEvents accepts known system types, `*`, `<ns>.*` namespace
+// patterns, and `custom.*` wildcard patterns — the same grammar functions
+// use for event_pattern. Matching happens via SQL LIKE at dispatch.
 func validateWebhookEvents(events []string) ([]string, error) {
 	out := make([]string, 0, len(events))
 	seen := map[string]bool{}
+	namespaces := webhookEventNamespaces()
 	for _, e := range events {
 		e = strings.TrimSpace(e)
 		if e == "" {
 			continue
 		}
-		if !webhookEventTypes[e] {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown event type %q", e)
+		valid := webhookEventTypes[e] || e == "*"
+		if !valid && strings.HasSuffix(e, ".*") {
+			valid = namespaces[strings.TrimSuffix(e, ".*")]
+		}
+		if !valid && strings.HasPrefix(e, "custom.") {
+			// `*` isn't in the type grammar — probe it as a literal.
+			valid = customEventTypeRe.MatchString(strings.ReplaceAll(e, "*", "x"))
+		}
+		if !valid {
+			return nil, inputErrorf("invalid event type %q — use a known type, <namespace>.*, custom.<pattern>, or *", e)
 		}
 		if !seen[e] {
 			seen[e] = true

apps/backend/openapi/openapi.yaml

@@ -68,6 +68,22 @@ paths:
                 $ref: "#/components/schemas/MeResponse"
         "401":
           $ref: "#/components/responses/ErrorResponse"
+  /context:
+    get:
+      tags: [Platform]
+      operationId: getActorContext
+      summary: Caller scope — self-discovery for API keys, which cannot call /me
+      security:
+        - bearerAuth: []
+      responses:
+        "200":
+          description: Actor type, scopes, and resolved org/project for API keys
+          content:
+            application/json:
+              schema:
+                $ref: "#/components/schemas/ActorContext"
+        "401":
+          $ref: "#/components/responses/ErrorResponse"
   /instance/public:
     get:
       tags: [Instance]
@@ -2776,6 +2792,34 @@ components:
           items:
             $ref: "#/components/schemas/OrganizationSummary"
       required: [user, organizations]
+    ActorContext:
+      type: object
+      properties:
+        actor:
+          type: string
+          enum: [user, api_key]
+        scopes:
+          type: array
+          items:
+            type: string
+        key_prefix:
+          type: string
+        organization:
+          $ref: "#/components/schemas/ContextRef"
+        project:
+          $ref: "#/components/schemas/ContextRef"
+      required: [actor]
+    ContextRef:
+      type: object
+      properties:
+        id:
+          type: string
+          format: uuid
+        slug:
+          type: string
+        name:
+          type: string
+      required: [id, slug, name]
     OrganizationMembership:
       type: object
       properties: